英汉笔译例句
Conversion (Part I)
II. Into Nouns
1. V→N
1) A government report targets earning from tourism at 200 million US dollars by 2007.
政府的一份报告提出一个目标：到2007年旅游业收入要达到2亿美元。
2) What impressed me most was his courage in the face of the death.
给我留下最深刻印象的是他面对死亡时所表现出的勇气。
3) He was blacklisted for striking his boss.
他因殴打上司而上了黑名单。
4) A well-dressed man, who looked and talked like an American, sat into the car.
一位穿着讲究的人坐进汽车里，他的外表和言谈像是美国人。
5) The Greek word ―atom‖ means―cannot be cut‖.
希腊语“原子”一词的意思是“不可分割”。
6) Mercury weighs about thirteen times as much as water.
水银的比重约为水的十三倍。
7) The earth on which we live is shaped like a ball.
我们居住的地球，形状就像一个球。
8) The electric current is defined as a stream of electrons flowing through a conductor. 电流的定义是流经一个导体的电子流。
9) The volume of trade has increased tremendously to the advantage of both countries.
贸易量有了很大的增加，给两国都带来了益处。
2. 受到……+n. 加以……+n.
1) His image as a good student was badly tarnished.
他作为一个好学生的形象，已遭受到很大的玷污。
3. A→N
1) The mayor said that his city government will do its best to build a school for the blind and the deaf.
市长说市政府将尽一切努力为盲人和聋哑人修建一所学校。
2) The young and the old should unite in shaping a fuller and more meaningful life for all.
青年人和老年人应该团结起来，为大家创造更美满、更有意义的生活。
3) Under given conditions, the harmful can be transformed into the beneficial.
在一定条件下，坏事可以变成好事。
4) The social scientists have a keen sense of the new and the old.
社会科学家对新旧事物感觉敏锐。
5) The new treaty would be good for ten years.
新条约的有效期为10年。
6) It is a fact that glass is much more soluble than quartz.
事实上，玻璃的可溶性比石英大得多。
7) In fission processes, the fission fragments are very radioactive.
在裂变过程中，裂变碎片的放射性很强。
Conversion (Part II)
III. Into Adjectives
1)He found some difficulties to design a reactor without an electronic computer.
他感到没有电子计算机要设计反应堆是困难的。
2)They admitted the feasibility of our proposal.
他们承认我们的建议是可行的。
3)The moderate price coupled with the superiority of our goods will surely induce
you to pass our orders.
由于价格公道，品质优良，相信贵公司一定会向我们订货。
4)The nuclear test was quite a success.
核试验很成功。
5)It is a pleasure to welcome to the United Nations new states that will share our
responsibilities and accomplishments.
欢迎新的国家加入联合国与我们分担责任，共享成就，是令人愉快的。
6)It is a certainty that China will become even stronger in the years to come.
中国在今后的岁月里将会变得更加强大，这是确定无疑的。
ⅣOther Conversions
1.Conversion between adjectives and adverbs
1) a. →adv.
1) His annual visits to Beijing brought him into contact with many well-known writers of our country.
他每年去北京一次，接触到许多国内有名的作家。
2) They ordered the immediate demolition of the old building.
他们下令立即拆除这座旧建筑。
3) Below 4℃water is in continuous expansion instead of continuous contraction.
水在4℃以下不断地膨胀，而不是不断地收缩。
2）adv. →a.
1) Robotics is so closely associated with cybernetics that it is sometimes mistakenly considered to be synonymous.
机器人技术与控制论的联系十分密切，两者甚至有时被错误地混为一谈。
2.Conversion between nouns and adverbs
1) n. →adv.
1) I have the honor to invite you to visit our college.
我十分荣幸地邀请您来我院参观。
2) They show their determination to oppose the sanction.
他们坚决反对制裁。
2)adv. →n.
1) It is officially announced that the president had decided to postpone his visit to the Middle East.
官方宣布，总统已经决定推迟出访中东。
2) Oxygen is one of the most important elements in the physical world and it is very active chemically.
氧是物质世界最重要的元素之一，其化学性能很活泼。
Amplification (Part I)
I. Semantic amplification and rhetorical amplification
1.Adding verbs before nouns
1) In the evening, after the banquets, the concerts and the table tennis exhibitions, he would work on the drafting of the final communiqué.
晚上在参加宴会、出席音乐会、观看乒乓球表演之后，他还得起草最后公报。
2) He dismissed the meeting without a closing speech.
他没有致闭幕辞就宣布结束会议。
3)He spoke hopefully of the success of the negotiation.
他满怀希望地说谈判会取得成功。
4)After the basketball match, the chairman still has an important meeting.
在观看篮球比赛之后，主席还有一个重要会议要参加。
5) Gates Avenue families carried their pails to the hydrant at the curb.
盖茨街的家家户户提桶到街边水龙头去取水。
2．Adding adjectives before nouns
1)Several years’ service in the army will make a man of Fred.
在部队服役几年会使弗雷德成为真正的男子汉。
2) With the meeting to begin in just a couple of hours, I hadn’t the time to worry about such trifles.
不出几小时会议就要开始，我没有闲功夫来操心这些琐事了。
3) What a leader he was!
他真是个出类拔萃的领袖啊。
3．Adding adverbs before verbs
1) Now and then his boots shone.
他的靴子时常闪闪发光。
2) A seagull saw the light from the window and darted up to it.
一只海鸥看见窗户透出的灯光就一下子朝它扑去。
4．Adding nouns
A. Adding nouns after intransitive verbs
1) He never drinks before driving.
他开车前从不喝酒。
2)Before she grew old, Aunt Harry used to entertain lavishly.
哈里婶婶年轻时常慷慨地款待客人。
3) Day after day he came to his work – sweeping, scrubbing, cleaning.
他每天来干活----扫地、擦地板、收拾房间。
B. Adding nouns before adjectives
1) The early cars were slow, clumsy and inefficient.
早期的汽车速度缓慢、行动笨拙、效率不高。
C. Adding nouns after abstract nouns
1)Arrangements have been made to give the foreign guests a warm welcome.
为热烈欢迎外宾，已做好准备工作。
2)At the same time, inequality has become worse.
同时，不平等现象变得更严重了。
5. Adding words indicating plural nouns
1) White clouds float over the blue sky.
蓝天上漂浮着朵朵白云。
2) Cargo insurance is to protect the trader from losses that many dangers may cause.
货物保险会使贸易商免受许多风险所可能造成的种种损失。
3)As is known to all, air is a mixture of gases.
大家知道，空气是多种气体的混合物。
6. Adding words indicating tenses
1)According to our record, your corporation bought substantial quantity of
chemicals from us. Unfortunately, the business between us has been interrupted in the last few years.
根据我们的记录，贵公司过去购买我们化工产品的数量相当可观，可惜近年来业务一度中断。
2)Man, was, is and always will be trying to improve his living conditions.
人类过去、现在而且将来总是在尽力改善生活条件。
3)I had never thought about this matter.
以前我从未想过这件事。
4)There was a time when the day was not a half of what it is; when a flaming hot
sun, much greater than it is.
曾经有一个时期，昼夜不到现在的一半长，那时炽热的太阳比今天的太阳大得多。
5)Although a computer can think in a certain sense, the human brain with its billions
of nerve cells was and still is a much more remarkable mechanism than any computer.
虽然计算机在某种意义上也能思考，但是具有几十亿神经细胞的人脑，过去是而且现在仍然是比任何计算机都出色得多的机制。
7. Adding interjection
2) The little boy had brought with him knife, scissors and what not, tinkling in his pocket.
这个小男孩随身带着刀子啦，剪子啦，以及诸如此类的东西，在口袋里丁零当啷直响。
Man, that’s really living!
伙计，这才是真正的生活呢！
8．Adding measure words
1) Please repeat the experiment using a wooden ruler, a coin, a pencil and a rubber eraser.
请用一把木尺、一枚硬币、一支铅笔、和一块橡皮，重做这个实验。
2) Aluminum is said to be the thirteenth element in the periodic table.
铝是周期表上的第13号元素。
3) This was a complete lie.
这纯粹是一派胡言。
9．Adding illustrative words for better understanding
1)You’re not Robinson Crusoe. You’re not alone, so don’t be so damned selfish.
你又不是流落孤岛、与世隔绝的鲁滨逊，不要事事只为自己打算。
2)Have you got an IBM by yourself?
你自己有没有IBM电脑？
3)She is sitting in a Ford.
她坐在一辆福特牌汽车里。
4) The blond boy quickly crossed himself.
那个金发的小伙子很快在胸口划十字，祈求上帝保佑。
5) As Japan’s bubble bursts, a downsizing of expectations is taking place for the world’s third-largest capitalist economy.
随着日本泡沫经济的破灭，对这个位居世界第三的资本主义经济大国的期望值也在下降。
10. Adding summarizing words
1)The Chairman summed up the work of the sub-committee composed of the
representatives of the United States, Russia, China, Great Britain and France.
主席总结了美、俄、中、英、法五国代表所组成的小组委员会的工作。
2)You and I are both green hands.
你我二人都是生手。
3)Note that the words ―velocity‖and―speed‖ require explanation.
请注意，“速率”和“速度”这两个词需要解释一下。
4)The Americans and the Russians have undergone series of secret consultations.
美俄双方已进行了一系列秘密磋商。
5) They talked about inflation, unemployment and environmental pollution.
他们谈到通货膨胀、失业和环境污染等问题。
6) Thus he grew in body and soul.
因此他在身心两方面都成长了。
11. Adding connectors for better cohesion
1)I wish I could also speak Chinese. The language is so compact and so expressive
that I could speak more succinctly, but unfortunately I am not cultured enough.
要是我也能讲中国话就好了。中国话这种语言十分简洁，又富有表达力。要是用中国话讲，我就可以说得更简练了。可惜我的文化素养还不够。
2)Our rushing is understandable, but costly.
人们忙碌是可以理解的，但为此付出的代价却是高昂的。
3)The film Modern Times reflects a profile of the capitalist society that there exists
no other nexus between man and man than naked and callous ―cash payment‖.
?摩登时代?这部影片反映了资本主义社会的一个侧面：人与人之间除了赤裸裸、冷酷无情的“现金交易”的关系之外，就再也没有任何别的关系了。
4)White surfaces reflect heat; dark surfaces absorb it.
白色表面反射热量，而黑色表面吸收热量。
Amplification (Part II)
II. Structural amplification
1.Adding the part omitted in the original
1)--How shall I do it?
--Just as you wish.
——这事我怎么办好？——你想怎么办就怎么办。
2)--Is your sister coming to the party?
--I’m afraid not.
——你姐姐来参加晚会吗？——我想她不会来。
3)--Did you enjoy your time in Beijing?
--Yes, I did.
——你在北京过得愉快吗？
——是的，我过得很愉快。
4)Either you do it, or we’ll get somebody who will.
要么你做这件事，要么我们找愿意做的人去做。
5)Sometimes their face froze, sometimes their hands and their feet.
有时，他们的脸冻了，有时手和脚冻了。
6)Mr. White took over as Director, Mr. Black as Vice Director.
怀特先生当上了局长，布莱克先生当上了副局长。
2.Adding verbs omitted in the original
1)As we all know that all matter consists of molecules and molecules of atoms.
众所周知，一切物质由分子组成，而分子由原子组成。
2)You may apply in person or by letter.
你可以本人亲自申请或寄信申请。
3.Adding the part omitted in comparison sentences
1)She makes more money in a week than I do in a month.
她一周挣的钱比我一个月挣的钱更多。
2)I dare say that the Chinese way of reforms is more characteristic and effective
than others.
我认为，中国的改革方式比其他国家的改革方式更有特色，更有成效。
3)They have our interest at heart as we have theirs.
他们关心我们的利益，我们也关心他们的利益。
4) The guard inside the prison had no guns, but those in the towers did.
牢房里的狱警不带枪，但瞭望塔里的狱警是带枪的。
5) I tried not to draw too much hope from the incident, but despite my resolve, I did. 我力图不对这事寄予奢望，但尽管有这样的决心，我还是对此存有奢望。
4. Adding the part omitted in the clause of implied condition
1)They would not have done such a thing without government approval.
如果没有政府的批准，他们不会做这件事。
2)Without gravity there would be no air and no sound of any kind.
倘若没有地心引力，就不会有任何空气和声音。
3)Any leak, even at this late date, could have tremendous international
repercussions.
只要稍有泄露，即使到了今天，也会在国际上引起巨大反响。
Repetition (Part I)
For clarity
I. Repetition of nouns
1. Repetition of the noun as object
1) We have to analyze and solve problems.
我们要分析问题，解决问题。
2) It is our duty to rebuild and defend our homeland.
重建家园，保卫家园是我们的职责。
3) A good play serves to educate and inspire the people.
一出好戏足以教育人民，鼓舞人民。
4) The purpose of radar is to obtain, process and display information.
雷达的用途在于获取信息、处理信息、显示信息。
5) People use natural science to understand and change nature.
人们利用自然科学去了解自然、改造自然。
2. Repetition of the omitted noun before prepositional phrases
1)The prisoners often got into argument with each other or with the guard.
囚犯们经常彼此争吵，或者与看守争吵。
2)Ignorance is the mother of fear as well as of admiration.
无知是恐惧的根源，也是羡慕的根源。
3)The use of poison gas is a clear violation of international law – in particular of the
Geneva Convention.
使用毒气显然违反国际公法，特别是违反日内瓦公约。
3. Repetition of the noun as antecedent
1)Radar is a newly developed technique by which people can see the things beyond
the visibility of them.
雷达是一种新开发的技术，利用雷达人们能看到视线以外的东西。
2)We have advocated the principle of peaceful co-existence, which is now growing
more and more popular among the nations of Asia and Africa.
我们提倡和平共处的原则，这个原则目前在亚非各国越来越得人心了。
3)Please carefully read all the following terms and conditions which shall govern
your use of the software products.
请仔细阅读下列全部的条款，这些条款将指导你如何使用软件产品。
4)The bank check for US $10,000 has been credited to your account, which is now
completely clear.
一万美元银行支票已经记入贵方的帐户，而贵方的帐户也完全结清。
5)Everyday we make choices which affect our lives and sometimes the lives of
others.
我们每天都要做出选择，这些选择会影响自己的生活，有时还会影响别人的
生活。
II.Repetition of verbs
1. Repetition of the verb which is common to several objects
1)Plant growth needs sunshine, air and water as well.
植物生长需要阳光，需要空气，也同样需要水分。
2)People forget your face first, then your name.
人们首先忘记你的容貌，然后又忘记你的名字。
3)This requires care and, for difficult problems, great experience.
这就需要细心，而且对许多困难问题来说，还需要丰富的经验。
2.Repetition of the verb in Chinese for the omitted verb before prepositions in
English
1)Then he spoke of the rise of charity and popular education, and particularly of the
spread of wealth and work.
接着他谈到了慈善事业的兴起和教育的普及，特别谈到了财富和工作面的扩大。
2)Grammar deals with the structure of language, English grammar with the structure
of English, French grammar with the structure of French.
语法论述语言的结构，英语语法论述英语的结构，法语语法论述法语的结构。
3)They talked of things they longed for –of meat and of hot soup and of the
richness of butter.
他们谈到了他们所渴望的那些东西—谈到了肉类，谈到了热汤，谈到了黄油的丰富营养。
4)Reading exercises one’s eyes; speaking, one’s tongue; while writing, one’s mind.
阅读训练人的眼睛，说话训练人的口齿，写作训练人的思维。
III. Repetition of pronoun
1. Repetition of the noun in Chinese for the pronoun in English
1)Water evaporates more rapidly when the temperature is high than when it is low.
温度高，水蒸发得快；温度低，水蒸发得慢。
2)Translation from English into Chinese is not as easy as that from English into
French.
英译汉不如英译法容易。
3) A chemical change is one in which the structure of particles is changed and a new
substance is formed.
化学变化是改变粒子结构、形成新物质的一种变化。
4)The creditor draws the bill; he is the person in the above definition and is called
the drawer. He addressed it to another, who is the debtor and is called the drawee.
债权人开出汇票。债权人即上述定义中的出票人。出票人将汇票开给另一人，即债务人。债务人即所谓受票人。
5)Ignoring a problem does not solve it.
对于一个问题置之不理，并不能解决问题。
2. Repetition of the noun in Chinese for the possessive pronoun in English
1) Milk is liable to the growth of disease germs and hence pasteurization during its processing is required.
牛奶容易滋生病菌。因此，在牛奶的加工过程中需要用巴氏消毒法灭菌。
2) Radio waves are similar to light waves except that their wave-length is much greater.
无线电波与光波相似，只是无线电波的波长要长得多。
3) The old vagrant believes that poverty has its advantage.
老流浪汉认为穷也有穷的好处。
4) Each man has his own way of making friends.
各人有各人的交友方法。
5) Big families had their own difficulties.
大家庭有大家庭的难处。
3. Repetition of the relative pronoun
1) Wherever there is plenty of sun and rain, the fields are green.
哪里阳光雨水充足，哪里的田野就绿油油。
2) Whoever works hard will be respected.
谁工作努力，谁就会受到尊重。
3) You may take whichever interests you best.
你对哪一个最感兴趣，就可以拿哪一个。
4) Give it to whomever you like.
你愿意给谁就给谁。
4．Some…and others…
1) If a company is run by two, then both of them should share the risks and rewards of running it.
如果两人共同经营公司，就要共同承担风险，分享利润。
2) A scientist constantly tries to defeat his hypotheses, his theories, and his conclusions.
科学家总在试图推翻自己的假设、否定自己的理论、放弃自己的结论。Repetition (Part II)
I. For emphasis
1. Repetition of the same word
1) This town is a small town, looking much like other towns of its size, but few towns enjoy so many natural advantages.
这个城市是个小城市，看上去和其它与它大小相仿的城市没有什么两样，但是其它城市却很少有这么多的天然优越条件。
2) If once virtue is lost, all is lost.
如果一旦丧失了道德，便丧失了一切。
3) Year after year and century after century the moon goes through its cycles.
一年又一年，一世纪又一世纪，月亮盈亏变化，周而复始。
2．Repetition of synonymous words
1) During their stay in Beijing, they visited some old friends of theirs, visited Beijing University and visited the Great Wall.
他们在北京逗留期间，拜访了几个老朋友，参观了北京大学，游览了长城。
II. For rhetoric
1. Two groups of Chinese four-character structures
1)He showed himself calm in an emergency situation.
他在情况危急时，态度从容，镇定自若。
2)The questions were evidently unexpected to the slow-witted spokesman, who instantly found himself tongue-tied.
这些问题显然使得这位头脑迟钝的发言人感到意外，他立刻变得张口结舌，无言以对。
3)The onlooker sees most of the game.
当局者迷，旁观者清。
4) A miss is as good as a mile.
差之毫厘，谬以千里。
5) Fine feathers make fine birds.
佛靠金装，人靠衣装。
6) Seeing is believing.
耳听为虚，眼见为实。
7) Right here.
远在天边，近在眼前。
2. Reduplication of characters or words
1)The road was packed with a noisy crowd of men and women, who were selling
and buying all kinds of things.
路上挤满了男男女女，他们熙熙攘攘，正在买卖各种各样的东西。
2)There were only half a dozen lines in her mother’s neat featureless writing, a
Manhattan public school script.
她母亲用曼哈顿公立学校惯用的普普通通的字体，整整齐齐地写了五六行信。
3)He only knows that it was Mary who nursed him day and night.
他只知道，正是玛丽日日夜夜护理了他。
4)She dropped her voice, and looked so sad and piteous.
她把声音放得很低，一副悲悲戚戚的样子，真是可怜。
5)They read the afternoon through, while the cold November rain fell from the sky
upon the quiet house.
深秋，冷雨霏霏，屋里静悄悄的。他们看了一个下午的书。
6)Walking up and down the empty room, he stopped here and there to touch or look.
房间里空空荡荡，他走来走去，这儿停停，那儿停停，东摸摸，西瞧瞧。
3.Antithetical four-character structure
earth-shaking 惊天动地moan and groan 唉声叹气
outlandish clothes 奇装异服from door to door 挨门逐户
to issue orders 发号施令disintegrated 土崩瓦解
dizzy 头晕目眩upset 心烦意乱
careless 粗心大意remote barren land 穷乡僻壤
a mixed accent 南腔北调demons and ghosts 妖魔鬼怪
1)His anger vanished and he burst out laughing.
他的怒气烟消云散，他转而放声大笑。
2)The trial, in his opinion, was absolutely fair.
据他看来，这次审判是绝对公平合理的。
3)She is an awful fool of a woman.
她是一个非常愚昧无知的女人。
4)But at that time, she was the only woman there.
但是当时她是那里独一无二的女人。
5)It was then that I began to feel tired, the noise and the heat gave me a headache.
这时，我才感到累了，噪音和热浪使我头昏脑胀。
Omission
★In terms of grammar
I. Omission of the pronoun
1.Omit personal pronouns used as subjects
1)But it’s the way I am, and try as I might, I haven’t been able to change it.
但我就是这个脾气，虽然几经努力，却未能改变过来。
2)We will advise you of the date of dispatch. We are at your service at all times.
我方将通知贵方发货日期，并随时准备为贵方效劳。
3)I am 80 years old; I have been confined to my room with a paralytic stroke for the
past 14 months.
我80岁了；由于患了瘫痪性的中风，14个月来一直出不了门。
4)We can measure the amount of water in a pot, but we can’t measure its heat. We
haven’t an instrument for that.
我们能测量罐内的水量，但不能测量水的热度，我们还没有这种仪器。
5)Everywhere you can find new types of men and objects in New China.
新中国处处可以看到新人、新事。
6)We have 365 days in a year.
一年有365天。
7)By analysis, we mean analyzing the contradictions in things.
所谓分析，就是分析事物的矛盾。
8)We are afraid that the L/C may expire before shipment because of the strike in our
factory.
由于工厂罢工，信用证恐怕在这批货物装运前就会到期。
9)Payment is due on April 30. We look forward to seeing your remittance within a
week.
4月30日为付款到期日，期待贵方能于一周内汇款。
2.Omit pronouns used as objects
1)If you have read these stories, please tell them in your own words.
如果你已经读过这些故事，请用自己的话复述出来。
2)All metals are crystals. In other words, their atoms arrange themselves in patterns.
所有金属都是晶体。换而言之，它们的原子是按一定图案排列的。
3)Gathering fact, confirming them, suggesting theories, testing them, and organizing
findings, -- this is all the work of science.
收集事实并加以论证，提出理论并加以检验，以及整理所获得的结果，-- 这就是科学工作的全部内容。
4)Friction manifests itself as a force that opposes motion.
摩擦表现为阻碍运动的力。
5)The government has put the new coins into circulation, but only a small number of
people have ever seen them.
政府已经发行了新的硬币，但只有少数人见到过。
3. Omit possessive pronouns
1)She covered her face with her hands as if to protect her eyes.
她用手蒙脸，好像去保护眼睛。
2)Mike put his pipe down, crossed his hands behind his neck, and turned his face
towards the window.
麦克放下烟斗，双手交叉着放在脖子后面，转过头去看窗子。
3)Please quote your lowest price of men’s polo shirt Tommy Hilfiger MY-390.
请报汤米MY-390男式T恤衫的最低价。
4)This process of separating a metal from its ore is called smelting.
这种从矿石中分离出金属的过程，称为冶炼。
II. Omission of the expletive it
1.Omit impersonal it, which denotes natural phenomena, time, distance, or
state of things in general.
1)It is 112 miles from London to Birmingham.
伦敦距伯明翰112英里。
2)It is dead quiet and extremely dark in the outer space.
太空万籁俱寂，一片漆黑。
2.Omit it in the emphatic sentence
1)It was Pasteur who discovered that diseases are caused by living germs.
是巴斯德发现了疾病由活着的细菌引起。
2)It is the gravitation which makes the satellites move round the earth.
是地球引力使卫星绕地球运行。
III. Omission of conjunctions
1) For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction.
对于每一个作用，都有一个大小相等、方向相反的反作用。
2) This machine has worked in succession for seven or eight hours.
这台机器已经连续运转七八个小时了。
3) The door opened, and Jim stepped in and closed it.
门开了，吉姆走进来，随手关上门。
4) Wise men love truth, but fools shun it.
智者爱好真理，愚者回避真理。
5) He studied in the college for two years, and then he went to join the army.
他在大学念过两年书，后来去参军了。
3.Omit subordinating conjunctions
(1)Omit conjunctions indicating cause
1)Because everyone uses language to talk, everyone thinks he can talk about
language.
人人都用语言交谈，人人也自以为能够谈论语言。
2)As the desert is like a sea, so is the camel like a ship.
沙漠似海，骆驼似舟。
(2)Omit conjunctions indicating condition
1) A gas becomes hotter if it is compressed.
气体受压缩，温度就升高。
2)―Now, if we put this sofa against the wall and move everything out of the room
except the chairs, don’t you think it all right?‖
“你们看，把这个沙发贴墙放，把屋子里的东西都搬出去，单留下椅子，怎么样？”
(3)Omit conjunctions indicating time
1)Practically all substances expand when heated and contract when cooled.
几乎所有物质都是热胀冷缩的。
2)She hesitated for a minute and stood still while a tear or two splashed on the worn
red carpet.
她踌躇了一会儿，静静地站着，有一两滴泪水溅落在破旧的红地毯上。
3)As the temperature increase, the volume of water becomes greater.
温度升高，水的体积就增大。
4)When the board was spinning slowly, you could see all the different colors.
纸板慢慢旋转，你就能看见各种不同的颜色。
IV. Omission of Articles
1)If an investor wants to up the ante, he borrows money to buy the shares.
投资者若想加押赌注，就会借钱购买股票。
2)Any substance is made up of atoms whether it is a solid, a liquid, or a gas.
任何物质，无论是固体，液体或气体，都是由原子构成的。
3)We are trying to assess the damage which the shipment suffered in transit.
我方正在设法估计货物在运输中遭受的损失。
4)Should the buyers have to lodge a claim against the sellers, it must be done within
30 days after the arrival of the tanker at the port of destination.
买方如果向卖方提出索赔，需在油轮抵达目的港后30天内提出。
英汉翻译中的“假朋友”
英汉翻译中的“假朋友”现象 “假朋友”一词源自法语词语“Faux Amis”,现主要是指在语义结构上相似或相同,但含义却不相同的词或句子结构。全文主要从三个方面讨论英汉翻译中易出现“假朋友”的现象: (1) 词汇及习语; (2) 否定结构; (3) 比较结构,从而指出正确鉴别“假朋友”现象对外语学习者的重要性。 众所周知,英语和汉语都是高度发展的语言,都拥有极其丰富的词汇和表达方式。但由于两者分别隶属于两大语系(前者属于印欧语系,后者属于汉藏语系) ,因此它们在词类的用法和句子结构方面有很大的差异。这些差异,构成了英汉、汉英翻译中的诸多难点。其中一个难点是指那些在字面意义、语义结构上相似或相同,但含义却截然不同的词汇或句子结构。这一现象在英文中被称为“False Friends” 对于英语学习者来讲,正确鉴别“假朋友”现象至关重要,否则稍有不慎,便会上“假朋友”的当,造成翻译上的笑话。 本文从长期的教学经验基础上,就英语词汇及习语、否定结构和比较结构的理解与翻译方面容易出现的“假朋友”现象举例加以阐明,以期引起外语学习者的注意。 一、词汇及习语中的“假朋友”现象 由于词汇和短语是句子语篇结构的单位,因此理解词汇及习语中的“假朋友”现象是整体理解的关键。但初学者对词汇及成语中的“假朋友”现象往往毫无意识,极易望文生义。如: oil skin 油布(并非油性皮肤) ;good seats 好票(并非好的席位) ; fish - wife 卖鱼女(并非雌性鱼) ;table knife 餐刀(并非桌子上的刀) ; white day 吉日(并非白色的天) ; smell a rat 怀疑(并非嗅到了老鼠) ; red meat 牛、羊肉(并非红色的肉) ;blue coat 警察(并非兰色上衣) ; red - cap 搬运服务人员(并非红帽子) ;bull’s eye靶心(并非牛的眼睛) ; mad doctor 精神病医生(并非发疯的医生) ; dogear 书的折角(并非狗耳朵) ; familiar talk 庸俗的交谈(并非熟悉的谈话) ; pull up one’s socks 鼓起勇气(并非拉上袜子) ; husband like 善于管理农活的(并非像丈夫的) ; cock - and - bull story 无稽之谈(并非鸡和牛的故事) ; bite the thumbs at 对…嗤之以鼻(并非咬大拇指) ; twice - told tale 老掉牙的故事(并非讲过两次的故事) ; divorce lawyer 办理离婚案件的律师(并非离婚的律师) ; yellow book 黄皮书(法国政府报告书,黄色纸封面) (并非黄色书刊) ; 从以上的例子我们可以看出,要认清此类的“假朋友”,一方面在于积累,另一方面要避免想当然,应从上下文语境中细细品味其真实含义。 二、否定结构中的“假朋友”现象 在英语中,有些句子结构在形式上是肯定的,而在实质上是否定的;或在形式上是否定的,而在实质上是肯定的。另有一些双重否定的句子,在绝大多数场合其含义是肯定的,但有时仍然是表示否定的意思。在翻译这些特殊的否定结构时,应认真研究上下文,根据言语服从思想、
报刊英语例句示范
1. Conventional wisdom warns against hiring overqualified candidates like Mr. Carroll, who often find themselves chafing at their new roles. 世界分为两种状态度，静止，运动 对于静止的状态和物体的描述，那就是对主语信息的延伸，或者对表语信息的延伸。 对于运动的物体和事件描述，就复杂了，对运动的物体要描述，对运动的状态也要描述，对对象和结果也要描述，最后对整个事件或者状态也可以描述。 这句话是对动作和运动状态的描述，而且对主体-- Conventional wisdom 没有直接的描述，所以我们可以从动作来开始第一层核心动作-----warn against 第二层两个主要内容 1.动作hiring 2 overqualified candidates 信息进一步流向对象和禁止雇佣的具体内容和对象，用同位语Mr. Carroll，再用非限制定语从句来进一步解释他们的特点和属性---- chafing at their new roles. 大概的图式如下: Conventional wisdom warns against hiring overqualified candidates. ↓ warn against ↙↘ 1 hiring （警告的行为） 2. overqualified candidates（具体内容） ↓（同位语，进一步信息） Mr. Carroll ↓ chafing at their new roles.（特征，定语） 2. Don. Carroll, a former financial analyst with a master’s degree in business administration from a top university, was clearly overqualified
大学英语课后单词及例句03
1. angel n.天使 2. at any rate whatever may happen, in any case 无论如何，不管怎样 e.g. At any rate, you survived the car accident. 3. bet (bet or betted) vt. be sure 敢说，确信 e.g. I bet she was late for the meeting on purpose.4. clench vt. hold (one's teeth, hands, etc.) together tightly 咬紧；握紧e.g. clench one's teeth/fist 5. come over (of a feeling) affect （指某种感觉）刺激或影响 e.g. A great sense of calm came over me when I realized that I was no longer responsible for the situation.6. community n. the people living in one place, district, or country, considered as a whole 社区；社会 e.g. Police work to prevent crime and to protect the lives and
property of the people in a community. 7. consist vi. 组成，构成 consist of be made up of 由……组成 e.g. The book consists of essays written over the last twenty years.8. constant a. without stopping; unchanging 持续的；不变的 e.g. I have had a constant headache for three days. 9. darling n. （用作称呼）亲爱的；心爱的人 e.g. Are you free tonight, darling?10. dessert n. （餐后）甜点心 e.g. She had homemade ice cream for dessert. 11. dining room 餐厅 dine vi. (fml) e.g. They used to enjoy going out to dine.12. distract vt. take (sb.'s attention) away from sth. esp. for a short time 转移（注意力）；使分心 e.g. Tom admits that
英语句子翻译大全
英语句子翻译大全 导读：本文是关于英语句子翻译大全的文章，如果觉得很不错，欢迎点评和分享！ 01、I never stopped loving you，I just stopped showing it。 我对你的爱从来没有停止，只是我不再让别人知道而已。 02、Standing in a corner of the world，watching the sunrise and sunset。 站在世界某一个角落，看着日出日落。 03、Waiting is painful。Forgetting is painful。But not knowing which to do is the worse kind of suffering。 等待是一种痛，忘掉也是一种痛，但不知道该怎么办，是一种更折磨人的痛。 04、That formerly how to pick，time flies straight forward。 那段从前怎么去捡，光阴似箭一直向前。 05、Are you turn a walk，do not see my sad。Am I too wayward，regardless of your feelings。 是你转头就走，没看见我的难过。是我太任性，不顾你的感受。 06、Start everyday with a new hope，leave bad memories behind & have faith for a better tomorrow。 用新的希望开启每一天，释放掉不好的回忆，相信明天会更
好。 07、Who’s who of the hook，and who is who of redemption。 谁是谁的劫，谁又是谁的救赎。 08、They say after losing only treasure，in fact，after losing most painful treasure。 她们都说失去以后才懂得珍惜，其实珍惜后的失去最痛。 09、Love warms more than a thousand fires。 爱情的炽热胜过千万团的火。 10、It is good if you begin crying，that is the sign of cure。 能够哭就好，哭是开始痊愈的象征！ 11、Life is too short for us to wake up in the morning with regrets。 人生苦短，所以每天不要带着遗憾醒来。 12、Because of loving you so much that I stood aside。Although myfigure left you away，my heart didn’t。Today I have made up my mind to say “I love you。” 正是因为爱才悄悄的躲开，躲开的是身影，躲不开的是默默的情怀；今天我终于鼓起勇气，向你表达我的爱。 13、As long as people do not lose their direction，they will not lose themselves。 人只要不失去方向，就不会失去自己。
英汉笔译期末“短句翻译”复习提纲
1. Today the electronic computer is widely used in solving mathematical problems having to do with weather forecasting and putting satellites into orbit. 译文：今天, 电子计算机广泛地运用于解决一些数学问题, 这些问题与天气预报、把卫星送入轨道有关。 2. No reference books are to be taken out of the reading-room without permission 译文：本阅览室的任何参考书都不得擅自带出。 3. Youth is not a time of life; it is a state of mind. It is the freshness of the deep springs of life. 译文：青春不是人生的一个阶段，而是一种心境。青春是生命深处的一泓清泉。 4. The isolation of the rural world because of distance and the lack of transport facilities is compounded by the paucity of the information media. 译文：因为距离远，又缺乏交通工具，农村社会是与外界隔绝的。这种隔绝状态由于通信工具不足，就变得更加严重了。 5. You can fool all the people some of the time and some of the people all the time, but you cannot fool all the people all the time. 译文：骗人一夕一事易，欺众一生一世难。 6. Care should be taken at all times to protect these sophisticated instruments from dust and damp. 译文：应当始终注意保护这些精密仪器，不使其沾染灰尘，不让他们受潮。 7. The study found that non-smoking wives of men who smoke cigarettes face a much greater than normal danger of developing lung cancer．The more cigarettes smoked by the husband，the greater the threat faced by his non．smoking wife． 译文：这项研究表明，妻子不抽烟丈夫抽烟，妻子的肺癌的危险性比一般人大的多。丈夫抽的烟越多，妻子受到的威胁也就越大。 8. For the first time in the annals of space, a piloted ship had succeeded in launching an earth satellite. 译文：载人飞船成功地发射了一颗人造地球卫星，这在航天史上尚属首次。 9. The first point about chores is that they are repetitive. They come every day or thereabouts, and once done they require after a certain time to be done again. 译文：家务事的第一个特点，是反反复复。几乎天天都有，而且做完之后，过一段时间又要重做一番。 10. With determination, with luck, and with the help from lots of good people, I was able to rise from the ashes.
英汉互译在线翻译句子
如果只是遇见，不能停留，不如不遇见。 if we can only encounter each other rather than stay with each other,then i wish we had never encountered. 2 。宁愿笑着流泪，也不哭着说后悔。心碎了，还需再补吗？ i would like weeping with the smile rather than repenting with the cry, when my heart is broken, is it needed to fix? 3 。没有谁对不起谁，只有谁不懂得珍惜谁。 no one indebted for others, while many people dont know how to cherish others. 4 。命里有时钟需有命里无时莫强求you will have it if it belongs to you, whereas you dont kvetch for it if it doesnt appear in your life. 5 。当香烟爱上火柴时，就注定受到伤害when a cigarette falls in love with a match, it is destined to be hurt. 6。爱情??在指缝间承诺指缝…。在爱情下交缠。love ,promised between the fingers finger rift, twisted in the love 7。没有人值得你流泪，值得让你这么做的人不会让你哭泣。 no man or woman is worth your tears, and the one who is, won?t make you cry. 8 。记住该记住的，忘记该忘记的。改变能改变的，接受不能改变的。 remember what should be remembered, and forget what should be forgotten. alter what is changeable, and accept what is unchangeable. love is like a butterfly. it goes where it pleases and it pleases where it goes. 爱情就像 一只蝴蝶，它喜欢飞到哪里，就把欢乐带到哪里。 if i had a single flower for every time i think about you, i could walk forever in my garden. 假如每次想起你我都会得到一朵鲜花，那么我将永远在花丛中徜徉。 within you i lose myself, without you i find myself wanting to be lost again. 有了你，我迷失了自我。失去你，我多么希望自己再度迷失。每一个沐浴在 爱河中的人都是诗人。 look into my eyes - you will see what you mean to me. 看看我的眼睛，你会发现你对 我而言意味着什么。distance makes the hearts grow fonder. 距离使两颗心靠得更 近。 i need him like i need the air to breathe. 我需要他，正如我需要呼吸空气。 if equal affection cannot be, let the more loving be me. 如果没有相等的爱，那就让 我爱多一些吧。 love is a vine that grows into our hearts. 爱是长在我们心里的藤蔓。
英语单词例句[欣赏的英文单词及例句]
英语单词例句[欣赏的英文单词及例句] 欣赏的英文： appreciate enjoy admire 参考例句： anappreciativeaudience 能欣赏之听众Notprizedorvalued;unappreciated. 未被看上的未被珍视或重视的;未被欣赏的 Totastewithrelish;savor. 品尝，欣赏津津有味地品尝;品味Weadmiredthegracefulpoiseofthedancer. 我们很欣赏那位舞蹈演员的优美舞姿。 You'retoosuperficialtoappreciategreatliteraturelikethis. 你没有钻劲，无法欣赏这类文学巨著。ManyaflowerisBorntoBlushunseen. 有许多花儿生来就开著没有人欣赏。 It'sacreativeactivitythatthefamilycanshareandenjoy. 这是全家人都能分享和欣赏的创造性活动。"Perhapsweneedtoadmirethisskill,ratherthangetparanoidabouti t.”" 也许我们应该欣赏这种技能,而不是疑神疑鬼。Dickensopenlyrevelsinthebook'srichphysicaldetailandhigh-heartedconflict.
狄更斯对该书中丰富多彩的具体细节描写和勇敢的争斗公开表示欣赏。Sheprimpedandpreenedinthemirroradmiringthependant,butshejus twasn'tsatisfied. 她对着镜了打扮来打扮去，欣赏着项链。可她还不满足。appreciate是什么意思： v.感激，感谢；欣赏，重视；理解，体会 appreciation[ofsituation] 判断〔局势〕Antiquepaintingswillappreciatewithtime. 古董画会随时间增值。Landwillcontinuetoappreciate. 土地将继续增值。enjoy是什么意思： v.从…获得乐趣；欣赏；喜爱；享有 Libertiesareenjoyedbyallcitizens. 公民皆享有自由权。Ienjoylightwine. 我爱喝清淡的酒。Goodsaretheirsthatenjoythem 能享受自己财产的人是财产的真正主人admire是什么意思： v.钦佩；称赞 someonewhoadmires;especiallyanadmirerofayoungwoman. 钦佩羡慕别人的人；尤指女性的爱慕者。ThemagnificenceofVersaillesisadmirabletoeveryone. 凡尔赛宫的富丽堂皇让每个人都赞叹不已。 Helen'sconcernisadmirable. 海伦的关心值得赞赏。
翻译经典例句练习
1.Like knows like. 英雄识英雄。 2.The factors which are likely to influence investment spending do not stop here. 译：可能影响投资开支的因素并不止这些。 析：do not stop here 由“不停留在这里”转译为“并不止这些”。 3Whether you like it or not, globalization is here to stay. We are not going to reverse the trend. 译：不管你对它的态度如何，经济全球化已成为我们生活的一部分，这个趋势不可逆转。 析：若把它死译为“呆在这里”，不通顺。但引申为“已成为我们生活的一部分”，把原文的信息充分地传达出来，且易于读者理解。 4.Our products, if maintained properly and regularly, can at least see twe nty years’ service. 译：我们的产品如果适当地定期检修，至少可以使用20年。 析：see twenty years’ service 由“看见20年的服务”转译为“使用20年”。 5.There is more to their life than political and social and economic problem, more than transient everydayness. 译：他们的生活远不止那些政治的、社会的和经济的问题，远不止一时的柴米油盐问题。 析：everydayness 由“日常性”具体引申为日常生活所必需的“柴米油盐”。 6.The factory is famous for its arsenal of technical geniuses. 译：这家工厂以拥有众多技术精英而著称。 析：arsenal 由“军火库”具体引申为“众多”。 7.The interest rates have see-sawed between 10 and 15 percent. 译：利率一直在10％到15％之间不断波动。 析：see-saw 由“跷跷板一上一下的交替摆动”抽象化为“波动”。 8.Brain drain has been Kangding’s No.1 concern; as a matter of fact, it has been an epidemic in this area. 译：人才外流一直是康定的头号问题，实际上，它已经成为那一地区带普遍性的严峻问题。 析：brain 由“头脑”抽象化为“人才”，concern 由“关心的事情”抽象化为“问题”，epidemic 由“流行病”抽象化为“带普遍性的严峻问题”。 9.There is a mixture of the tiger and the ape in the character of the imperialists. 译：帝国主义者的性格既残暴，又狡猾。 析：这里把tiger和ape这两个具体形象引申为这两个形象所代表的的属性：“残暴”和“狡猾”。
英汉笔译,词汇
A brief introduction of literal translation 10英师4班 郭菲 2012200992 摘要:本文主要探讨的是翻译方法中的直译。通过讨论直译的概念，特点以及如何正常地使用直译。直译是一个不错的选择，它保持了原文的形式，使原语言意思更直观、细腻，保留形式。但是直译并不是一字一字地翻译。有些句子不应该从字面上翻译。因为这些句子包含一些成语或不符合语言习惯。所以在翻译中能够直译就尽量直译。 关键词：直译意译逐字翻译源语言目标语言 Definition of literal translation Literal translation, as a notion at the heart of most translation controversies for many centuies,has been given different definitions.Defined by dictionary of translation studies, Literal translation id the direct transfer of a source language text(SLT) into a grammatically and idiomatically appropriate target language text(TLT) (shuttleworth & cowie 2004;95) according to Barkhudarov(1969;10),a literal translation can be defined in linguistic terms as a translation “made on a level lower than is sufficient to convey the content unchanged while observing TL norms”. Catford put literal translation between word-for-word translation and free translation. In China, translators and scholars also have various interpretation of this translation approach. As an advocator of literal translation, Lu Xun definedit as:literal translation means faithfulness and expressivness. It must contain two aspects: 1) being easy to understand 2)retaining the manner of the SLT(Zhang Jin&Zhang Ning,2005;322) Xu Chongxin explained literal translation from the perspective of sentence structure. He regarded sentences as the basic units. For example, if the original text consists of one sentence only, the target text should should be one sentence as well. Profeeor Liu Zhongde defines literal translation in a relatively complete way,”in the pross of translation, literal translation treats sentences as basic units and meanwhile takes the whole passage into consideration; a translator who attaches great importance to literal translation does his or her best to reproduce the ideas and writing style of original work, retaining in the version as many rhetorical devices and sentence structures of the original as possible”(Tan Weiguo,2005;15) Considering all these scholars’ definitions together, I’d like to define literal translation in a few sentences. Literal translation, as the most common and most important translation approach, treats sentences as basic units and meanwhile takes the whole text into consideration. Literal translation preserves in the version both the original form and content,including sentence structures, rhetorical devices, writing style and the basic tone, as well as implicit and explicit meaning of the source language text. 1．Significance of literal translation Literal translation preserves the original intent of the text; it keeps the original use of language, syntax and diction. However, it can confuse the reader sometimes because there are differences between languages, and it would seem silly if everything is translated literally. Literal translation can also denote a translation that represents the precise meaning of the original text but does not attempt to convey its style, beauty, or poetry. Charles Singleton's translation of The Divine Comedy (1975) is regarded as a literal translation. That is to say, it is necessary for translators to study and master interference elements of
英汉翻译练习
英汉翻译练习 一、翻译下列句子，注意词义的选择 1．Parliament will debate the nationalization issue next week． 2．The Christmas issue of the magazine has a picture of carol singers on its cover． 3．There is a new issue of stamps to commemorate the Royal wedding． 4．His activities are so regular you could set your watch by him． 5．She greeted her guests with a set smile． 二、翻译下列句子，注意根据上下文及逻辑关系对斜体词作必要的引申 1．There was no provocation for such an angry letter． 2．Macdonald's had become an institution in his life in the last eight years． 3．The trunk was big and awkward and loaded with books．But his case was a different proposition． 4．It was regrettable that our appeal remains a dead letter． 5．Such conduct is known in all languages as piracy． 三、用增词法翻译下列句子 1．After all preparations were made，the plane took off． 2．I like the climate of San Francisco better than that of any other city where I have lived．It never snows，and even in July and August it rarely gets hot． 3．Even if you work hard，you cannot finish it in a week． 4．Some plants grow well in certain areas，but not in others，for they do not have the ability to adapt themselves to foreign climates． 5．The power is strong enough to shatter complacency． 四、用省略法翻译下列句子 1．But it's the way I am ，and try as I might，I haven't been able to change it．2．Everywhere you can find new types of man and objects in new China． 3．She laid her hand lightly on his arm as if to thank him for it． 4．He shrugged his shoulders，shook his head，cast up his eyes，but said nothing． 5．At long last，on June 6，1944，after the European war was basically decided and Hitler licked，the allies launched their long-delayed western front．
高考英语作文例句
现在把主要转折词，分类列下，供大家参考。 1表示“尤有进者”的意思： Again, also, then, besides, further, furthermore, moreover, ne xt, in addition等， 如：① Jason teaches diligently. Besides, he writes a lot. ② English is a useful language. For one thing, it is an official language in the UN. Then, it is widely used in business, science and technology. 2表示“反意见”： But, however, still, yet, after all, for all that, in spite of, on the contrary, on the other hand等， 如：③ Jim is intelligent but lazy. ④ Singapore is not a big country.On the contrary, it is very small. 3表示“困果关系”：Therefore, so, hence, thus, accordingly, consequently, as a result 等， 如：⑤ Some people are over-ambitious. As a result, they are usually unhappy. ⑥ Tom did not work hard; hence, he failed. 4表示“比较关系”: Likewise, similarly, in a like manner 等， 如: ⑦ You cannot writes without a pen. Likewise, you cannot cook without rice. ⑧ No one is allowed to speak Mandarin in an English class. Similarly, no one is allowed t o speak English in a Mandarin class. 5表示“举例示范”： For example, in other words, for instance, that is 等， 如：⑨ There are some common errors in his composition. For instance, it is wrong to use "he" to replace "the queen". 6表示“结束”： To sum up, in brief, in short, on the whole, to conclude 等， 如：⑩ Some say Singapore is a nice place to live in. Others say it is not so nice. It is too competitive. In short, some like Singapore; some do not.
从形合意合角度看英汉句子翻译汇总
从形合意合角度看英汉句子翻译 翻译与其说是一种语言活动，不如说是一门艺术，因为它不是机械的转换和简 单的变更，而是用一种语言把另一种语言所表达的思想内容、感情、风格等忠 实地重新表现出来。英语作文是高考英语的必考题之一，可以毫不夸张地说， 英语作文的成败直接影响高考的成败。而衡量一篇文章质量的高低，语言的灵动多变起着关键的作用。由于英汉两种语言的文化差异，常常不能逐字对译，翻译时要根据英汉语言的特点讲究适当的艺术，常用的翻译技巧有：1. 词的增补。汉语里无主语的句子很多，而英语一般都需要有主语。所以，为了保证 英语语法结构的完整，有时根据需要采用被动式或“There be...”结构。如：(1) 下午六点开晚饭。Supper is served at 6 p.m.(2) 不可否认中国已在世界上占举 足轻重的地位。There is no denying that China is playing an important part in the world.此外，还常常需要根据上下文的意思选择适当的词来补出主语。如：(1) 接到你的来信非常高兴。I was very glad to have received your letter.(2) 一听到那 个坏消息，她就忍不住哭了起来。When she heard the bad news, she couldn’t help crying out.在英语里，凡说到一个人的器官时，总要在前面加上物主代词。如：(1) 动动脑筋，你就会想出办法的。Use your head, then you will find a way.(2) 她 用手蒙住脸保护眼睛。She covered her face with her hand to protect her eyes.以上 句子中所增加的your, her, 从汉语的角度来看是多余的，可在英语中不能缺少。 2. 词类的转换。词类转换是学生比较陌生的一种写作方法，但是运用得当，可使行文灵动多变，更符合英语习惯。一般是汉语的动词转换成英语的名词、 形容词、介词。如：(1) 中国成功地发射了神舟七号引起了全世界的关注。China’s successful launching of Shenzhou Seven caused the world’s attention.(2) 我 们怀疑他是否能完成任务。We are doubtful whether he can finish his task.(3) 我们 都赞成他的建议。We are all in favor of his suggestion.另一种情况是汉语的名词 转换成英语的动词。如：(1) 他的演讲给我们的印象很深。His speech impressed us deeply.(2) 地球的形状像一个大球。The earth is shaped like a big ball.3. 语序的 变换。为了加强修辞效果，或为了更加确切地表达原文含义，我们常常使用倒装句，或者强调句。如：(1) 他悄悄地走了。He went away, quietly. （正常语序）Quietly, he went away. ( 副词提前，强调动作的轻，更加形象)(2) 斯密思先生进来了。Mr. Smith came in. （正常语序）In came Mr. Smith. (介词提前，强调来者 的心情迫切)4. 语态的变换。汉语中有些句子看似主动句，但译成英语时常用被动式。如：(1) 人们认为…… It is thought that...(2) 大家知道…… It is well known that...(3) 有人说…… It is said that...(4) 请全体同学到操场集中。All the students are required to gather on the play-ground.请用多种方式翻译下列句子：1. 2008 年