十二天突破英汉翻译笔译篇(例句)

突破英文中定语从句的翻译

On the whole, /such a conclusion can be drawn/ with a certain degree of confidence, /but only if the child can be assumed to have had the same attitude/ towards the test/as the others/ with whom he is being compared,/and only if he was not punished/ by lack of relevant information/which they possessed.

:总体上来说，得出这样一种结论需要一定程度的把握，只要假设这个孩子对于测试的态度，和与之相比较的其他孩子的态度相同，也只要他没有因为缺少别的孩子所拥有的相关信息而受到惩罚。

中国作为一个发展中的大国高度重视中美两国之间的友谊。

:As a major developing country, China attaches great importance to the bilateral relations between China and the U.S.

Behaviorists suggest that/the child/ who is raised in an environment/ where there are manystimuli/ which develop his or her capacity for appropriate response/ will experience greater intellectual development.

:行为主义者认为，一个孩子如果生长在有很多刺激的环境里，而这些刺激促进了其适当反应能力的发展，那么这个孩子就会有着更大的知识发展。

The Greeks assumed that/ the structure of language had some connection with the process of thought,/which took roots in Europe/ long before people realized/ how diverse languages could be.

:希腊人认为，语言的结构和思维的过程之间存在着某种联系,而这种观点早在人们认识到语言的多样性之前，就已经在欧洲植根了。

Prior to the twentieth century,/women in novels were stereotypes/ of lacking any features/ that made them unique individuals and/ were also subject to numerous restrictions/imposed by the male-dominated culture.

:20世纪以前,小说中的妇女都是这样一种模式，她们缺少了让其成为独立个体的一些特征，她们还要屈服于男性主导的文化强加给她们的种种束缚。

Aluminum remained unlrnown until the nineteenth century,/because nowhere in nature is it found free,/owing to its always being combined with other elements,/most commonly with oxygen,/for which it has a strong affinity.

:铝，因为通常来说和其他元素相结合,最通常的就是和氧结合，因为铝和氧有很强的亲和力，所以在自然界找不到游离态的铝，铝直到19世纪才为人类所发现。

They (the poor) are the first to experience technological progressl as a curse/ which destroys the old muscle-power jobs/ that previous generations used as a means to fight their way out of poverty.

:以前几代人用旧式的体力劳动作为手段来摆脱贫困，而科技进步又摧毁了这种体力劳动，所以穷人最先体会到科技进步之苦。

This assumption rests on the fallacy/ of the inherent laziness in human nature; actually, /aside from abnormally lazy people,/there would be very few /who would not want to earn more than the minimum,/and who would prefer to do nothing /rather than work.

European's today, like Americans 200 years ago, seek a world where strength does not matter so much, where unilateral action by nations is forbidden and where all nations regardless of their strength are protected by commonly agreed rules of behavior.

:当今的欧洲人，就和两百年前的美国人一样，寻找这样一个世界，在那里，武力并不是最重要的，禁止由国家发起的单边行动，所有国家不论其实力，都受到普遍公认的行为准则的保护。

1981年何振梁当选为国际奥委会委员，1985年当选为国际奥委会执行委员会委员，1989年最终当选为国际奥委会副主席。这表明了中国和国际奥委会的合作进入了一个新的阶段。

:Mr. He Zhenliang was elected a member of the International Olympic Committee in 1981, a member of the Executive Committee of the International Olympic Committee in 1985 and vice chairman of the International Olympic Committee in 1989, which showed that the cooperation between the International Olympic Committee and China had entered a new stage.

The number of the young people/ in the United States/ who can't read/ is incredible/ about one in four.

:在美国,大约有四分之一的年轻人没有阅读能力，这简直令人难以置信。

Television,/it is often said,/keeps one informed about current events,/allowing one to follow the latest developments /in science and politics,/and offers an endless series of programs /which are both instructive and entertaining.

:人们常说，通过电视可以了解当前的时事，可以掌握科学和政治的最新发展,电视还播出了层出不穷的既有教育意义又有娱乐性的节目。

With the conclusion of a burst activity, /the lactic acid level is high in the body fluids, /leaving the the large animal vulnerable to attack/ until the acid is reconverted,/via oxidative metabolism,/by the into glucose, /which is then sent (in part )back to the muscles for glycogen resynthesis.

:随着剧烈运动的结束，体液中的乳酸升高，让大型动物处于容易受到攻击的状态，直到乳酸经过有氧的新陈代谢，由肝脏重新转化为葡萄糖，而葡萄糖接下来又部分地返回到肌肉当中形成糖原。

Although Gutman admits that/forced separation by sale was frequent,/he shows that the slaves' preference,/revealed most clearly on plantations /where sale was infrequent,/was very much for stable monogamy.

:尽管古特曼认为,由于买卖而造成的被迫分离甚为频繁，但是他仍然认为奴隶们的偏好—在买卖并不是很频繁的种植园当中最为显露地揭示出来—很大程度上侧重于稳定的一夫一妻制。

This preference for exogamy,/Gutman suggests,/may have derived from West African rules/governing marriage, /which,/though they differed from one tribal group to another, /all involved some kind of prohibition against unions with close kin.

:古特曼认为，这种对于外族通婚的偏好可能起源于西非制约着婚姻的风俗,这些风俗尽管在一个部落和另一个部落之间不尽相同，但是,这一切都涉及某些对于近亲结婚的反对。

突破英文中非谓语动词的翻译

Even when we turn off the beside lamp/ and are fast asleep, /electricity is working for us,/driving our refrigerators, /heating our water, /or keeping our rooms air-conditioned.

Taking the train,/the two friends arrived in Berlin in late October 1922,/and went directly

to the address of Chow En-Lai.

:两个朋友坐火车于1922年10月底到柏林,立即去周恩来的住处。

The farmer of 1800, /using a hand sickle, /could hope to cut a fifth of a hectare of wheat/

a day.

:一个农民，在1800年，使用镰刀，在一天内可望收割五分之一公顷小麦。

When Chow En-Lai's door opened/ they saw a slender man/ of more than average height/ with gleaming eyes/ and a face so striking/ that it bordered on the beautiful.

:周恩来的房门打开时，他们看到的是一个身形消瘦、比普通人略高一点的人，两眼炯炯有神，面貌

很引人注意，称得上清秀。

Ignoring the chair offered him, /Chu Teh stood squarely/ before this youth more than ten years his junior/ and in a level voice told him/ who he was.

:朱德顾不上递给他的椅子,端端正正地站在这个比他年轻十几岁的青年人面前，用平稳的语调说明

自己的身份。

Studies by Hargrave and Geen estimated natural community grazing rates/ by measuring feeding rates of individual zooplankton species in the laboratory/and then computing community grazing rates for field conditions/ using the known population density of grazers. :由哈格雷夫和吉恩所进行的研究，对自然条件下的群落捕食速率进行了估算，其手段是通过测量出

实验室内单独的浮游动物种类的捕食速率，然后利用已知的食草动物种群密度，计算出实地状况下的

群落捕食速率。

But/achieving necessary matches/ in physical properties/ across interfaces/ between living

and nonliving matter/ requires/ knowledge/ of which molecules control the bonding of cells

to each other/-an area/ that we have not yet explored thoroughly.

:但是，要想沿着原生和非原生物质之间的界面获取生理特性的必要匹配，这需要某种知识，即什么

样的分子控制着细胞彼此间的结合—而对这一领域，我们尚未进行充分的探索。

突破英文中被动语态的翻译

The classroom was cleaned by the student.

学生把这个教室打扫了。

The spare parts can be produced in the short period of time.

在短时间内可以生产出零件。

The enemies were attacked by us.

敌人受到了我们的攻击。

The old lady was killed by the young man.

这个老奶奶为那个年轻人所杀。

The oil is used as perfume.

这种油可以用来作为香水。

This computer is treated as human's friend.

这种电脑可以当作人类的朋友来对待。

When the whale is killed, it can be stripped out on the shore.

Today/ this treasury of silt is trapped behind the dam,/and there is no effective system. :现在,宝贵的泥沙却让水坝给拦住了,也没有了有效的系统。

Yet/the Nile has been changed by modern man/ in ways/ not yet fully understood.

:然而,现代人却让尼罗河发生了变化,不过就连他们自己也不完全了解尼罗河究竟发生了什么变化。

Because it is very slippery, /it is used for lubrication.

:因为它非常润滑，所以可以用作润滑剂。

Vegetable oil has been known/ from antiquity.

:植物油自古以来就为人们所熟悉。

When the crude oil is obtained from the field,/it is taken to the refinery/ to be treated. The commonest form of treatment is heating.When the oil is heating,/the first vapors to rise are cooled/ and become the finest petrol. Petrol has a low boiling point;/if a little is poured into the hand,/it soon vaporized. Gas/that comes off the oil later/ is condensed into paraffin. Last of all/the lubricating oils of various grades are produced. What remains is heavy oil/ that is used as fuel.

:油田打出原油以后，便送到炼油厂去处理。最普通的处理方式就是加热。石油经过加热，最先冒出来的蒸汽冷却后就是质量最高的汽油。汽油的沸点低。倒一点在手上，很快就挥发了。随后从石油分离出来的气体可以浓缩为煤油。最后产生的是各种等级的润滑油。剩下的物质便是可以用作燃料的重油了。

It is not known/ how this resemblance is, /or whether/ it is most often seen in inclusions of silicates such as garnet, /whose crystallography is generally somewhat similar to that of diamond;/but when present, /the resemblance is regarded as compelling evidence/that the diamonds and inclusions are truly co genetic.

:现在尚不知这种类似稀少到何种地步，也不知道是否它最常见于像石榴石一类的硅酸盐的内含物中，而这类物质的晶体结构普遍地在某种程度上类似于金刚石的晶体结构。但一旦存在，这种类似就可以视作是极有说服力的证据，证明金刚石与内含物确是同源的。

A long-held view of the history of English colonies/ that became the United States/ has been that/ England's policy toward these colonies before 1763/ was dictated by commercial interests/ and that a change to a more imperial policy, /dominated by expansionist militarist objectives,/generated the tensions /that ultimately led to the American Revolution.

:长久以来，有这样一种关于英国殖民地历史的观点，这块殖民地后来变成了美国，这种观点认为英国在1763年以前对于这些殖民地的政策为经济利益所支配，而且认为一种向着更大程度帝国制度的政策上的转变—为扩张主义的军事目标所左右—产生了最终导致美国革命的紧张气氛。

More probable is transported by birds, /either externally,/by accidental attachment of the seeds to feathers, /or internally, /by the swallowing of fruit and/ subsequent excretion of the seeds.

:更有可能的是由鸟类来运输:要么是通过外部途径，即由于种子偶然黏附在羽毛上;要么是通过内部方式，即由于鸟类吞食果子并随后将种子排泄出来。

突破英文中代词的翻译

It may seem strange/ to put an industrial revolution and two political revolutions into the same packet. /But/ the fact is that/ they were all social revolutions.

:把一场产业革命和两场政治革命归为一类，这似乎有点奇怪，但是，事实上，这三场革命都是社会革命。

Two things are outstanding/ in the creation of the English system of canals,/and they characterize all the Industrial Revolution.

:有两点在修建英国运河网的过程中是非常突出的，而这两点也正是整个产业革命的特点。

The canals were arteries of communications: /they were not made to carry pleasure boats, /but barges.

:运河是交通的动脉,开凿运河不是为了走游船，而为了通行驳船。

James Brindley was a pioneer/ in the building of canals or,/as it was then called ‘navigation’.

:詹姆斯?布雷德林是开凿运河的先驱者，人们当时把开凿运河叫做“navigation”

We refer to libro as books in Spanish.

我们把西班牙语中的“libro”称为“书”。

After World War I,/the imperialists stepped up their aggression against China/ while the Northern Warlord Government resorted to compromise and capitulation externally/ and to ruthlessly oppression of the people internally./The government called out troops and policemen/ to suppress the movement/ and over thirty students were arrested.

:第一次世界大战以后，帝国主义对中国加紧了侵略，北洋军阀政府对外妥协投降，对内残酷镇压人民。北洋军阀政府出动军警镇压，逮捕学生三十多人。

If parents were prepared for this adolescent reaction,/and realized that/ it was a sign that/ the child was growing up/ and developing valuable powers of observation and independent judgment, /they would not be so hurt, /and therefore would not drive the child into opposition/by resenting and resisting it.

:做父母的如果对这种青少年的反应有所准备，而且认为这是一个标志，标志着孩子正在成长，正在培养珍贵的观察力和独立的判断力，那么父母们就不会感到如此伤心，所以也就不会因对此有愤恨和反对的情绪而把孩子推到对立面上去。

Insects would make it impossible for us to live in the world;/they would devour all our crops/and kill our flocks and herds,/if it were not for the protection/ we get from insect-eating animals.

:假如没有那些以昆虫为食的动物保护我们，昆虫将吞噬所有的庄稼，害死牛羊家畜，让我们不能生存于世。

突破英文中形容词和副词的翻译

When the reply came a few months later/they were enrolled as full member,/but Chu's

More than eight years have passed since Vice Premier Deng Xiaoping and I joined hands to establish full diplomatic relations between these two great nations.

：自从邓小平副总理和我联手在我们两个伟大的国家之间建立了正式的外交关系以来，己经过去八年多了。

I was like that ship/before my education began,/ only I was without compass or sounding-line,/and had no way of thinking/ how near the harbor was.

:我在开始接受教育之前，就像一条船，只是没有罗盘，没有测深绳，也不知道离海港有多远。

A flicker of disappointment and depression passed over Clyde's face

：克莱德的脸上划过了一丝失望和绝望。

Chow was a quiet and/ thoughtful man.

:周恩来举止优雅、待人体贴。

21世纪是人类利用和开发海洋的新世纪。

In the 21st century people will have new opportunities to utilize and explore the ocean.

When I finally succeeded in making the letters correctly, /I was flushed /with childish pleasure and pride.

:我终于把这几个字母写对了,这时我天真地感到无限愉快和骄傲。

In the days that followed/ I learned to spell/ in this uncomprehending way/ a great many words,/among them...

:在接下来的几天里，我就学着拼写，虽然并不能理解，但是却也能拼写出来很多单词，其中一些是……

Gradually the river grows wider, the banks recede, the water flow more quietly,in the end, without any visible break,they become merged in the sea, and painlessly lose their individual being.

：后来，河面渐宽，河岸退却，水流的更加平静，最后，它们都流向了大海，与海水浑然一体，看不出任何痕迹，从而失去了单独存在的意义，而毫无痛苦之感。

He tried to piece the broken vase together in vain.

：他试着要把破碎的花瓶拼在一起，但是怎么拼也拼不起来了。

Europeans believe that they are moving beyond power into a self-contained world of laws and rules and transnational negotiation and cooperation.

：欧洲人认为，他们正在超越权力，进入了一个相当完备的法制、跨国谈判和合作的世界。

中国正在加快建立一个相当完备的防扩散的出口控制体系。

China is speeding up the establishment of a relatively perfect export control system of non-proliferation.

Taking his cue from Ibsen's A Doll's House, /in which the heroine, /Nora, /leaves home/ because she resents her husband's treating her like a child, /the writer Lu Xun warned that/

她像对待小孩一样，作家鲁迅从中得到启示，并警告说，娜拉要有钱才能养活自己，要有经济权利才

能生存。

突破增词与减词

He wished that/ he had asked her to dance,/and that/ he knew her name.

:他多么希望自己当时请她跳了舞,现在还知道了她的芳名，那该有多好啊!

我们成功地处理了所遇到的这样或那样的困难和风险。

We have succeeded in solving various difficulties and risks in our advance.

我进去看了，/只记得门警是瑞士兵士，穿着黄色的制服，/别的没有印象了。

:I came in to have a look.I remembered that the guards at the gate were Swiss soldiers in yellow uniforms.

一架飞机从昆明起飞载着我们飞越崇峻岭来到了祖国的首都北京。

：A plane from Kunming carried us over a lot of mountains to the Capital of China-Beijing.

The first day was crossed out,/and the last thought which went through my mind/ at the end of this important day was: /After all—/I do not belong here;/I am just loaned.

:第一天己经从日历上划去了，在这个重要的日子即将结束的时候，我的脑海里浮现出来的想法就是: 毕竟，我不属于这里，我只是别人雇佣来的。

我国先秦的思想家就提出了“亲仁善邻，国之宝也”的思想。

:Our Chinese thinkers in Pre-Qin Days over 2,000 years ago put forward the thought that

loving people and treating neighbors kindly are most valuable to a country.

1998年是联合国确定的国际海洋年，/中国政府愿借此机会介绍中国海洋事业的发展。

:1998 was designated as the International Ocean Year by the United Nations, and the Chinese Government would like to take this opportunity to make an introduction of the development of China's marine affairs to this world.

中国有12亿多人口，陆地自然资源人均占有量低于世界平均水平。are

:China has a population of more than 1.2 billion, and its land natural resources per capita are lower than world average.

Before 1760,it was standard to take work to villagers in their own homes. /By 1820, it was standard to bring workers into a factory and/ have them overseen.

:1760年以前，标准方式是把活带回农民自己家里去做,而到了1820年,标准方式是把工人带到工厂去，让他们在监督之下工作。

目前，中国的粮食单产水平与世界粮食高产的国家相比还是比较低的,/中国要在短时间内达到粮食高

产国家的水平难度较大，但是经过努力是完全可以实现的。

:At present, compared with countries with high grain yield,China's per unit area yield of grain is relatively low. It will be difficult for China to reach the level of countries with high grain yield in the short period of time, but the goal can be achieved through earnest

在播种面积相对稳定的前提下，/只要1996年到2010年粮食单产年均递增1%，/2011年到2030年年均递增0.7%，/就可以达到预期的粮食总产量目标。

:Given the relatively stable sowing area,the desired total output target of grain can be achieved, if the annual average increase rate of per unit area yield of grain is 1 % from 1996 to 2010 and 0.7% from 2011 to 2030.

Despite the great gains in industry,/agriculture remained the nation's basic occupation. :工业方面尽管取得了巨大的成就，但是农业仍然是这个国家的基础产业。

Their galabias and turbans stained/ by the sweat and dirt of along day's work, /they sat in front of a wayside shop, /enjoying three of the best things in life along the Nile—tea, conversation, and the water pipe.

:他们干了一天的活，袍子上，头巾上，又是汗，又是土，坐在路边商店的门口，享受着尼罗河沿岸人生中三件最美好的事情—喝茶、聊天和抽水烟。

For the international community/the most striking consequence of these changes is that/ China has grown to be the world's eleventh largest economy,/and is set to grow further.

:对于国际社会来说，这些变化所带来的最显著的结果就是中国已经成为世界上第十一大经济体，而且以后定会发展更快。

The resounding success of the Cucarao experiment/ whetted the appetites of Florida livestock raisers/ for a similar feat/ that would relieve them of the scourge of screw-worm.

:库卡索岛上的实验取得了巨大的成功，这引起了佛罗里达州牲畜养殖者的兴趣，他们要用相似的办法来消除螺旋锥蝇这一祸害。

The samples of soil/ from various depths/ are examined/ for traces of oil.

:从不同的深度采集出土壤样本，然后进行检测，看看有没有油。

突破汉译英的换主语

合营企业的形式为有限责任公司。

An equity joint ventures takes the form of a limited liability company.

合营者的注册资本如果转让/必须经过各方同意。

:If one side wishes toy assign its registered capital, it must obtain the consent of each party to the venture.

合营企业的有关外汇事宜,/应遵照中华人民共和国外汇管理条例办理。

:An equity joint venture handles its foreign exchange transactions according to Regulations on Foreign Exchange Control of the People's Republic of China.

合营企业的一切活动/应当遵照中华人民共和国法律、法令和有关条例的规定。

:An equity joint venture engages in all activities according to the provisions of laws,decrees and pertinent regulations of the People's Republic of China.

合营企业所需要的原材料、燃料、配套件等,/应尽先在中国购买，/也可由合营企业自筹外汇,/直接在国际市场上购买。

:In the purchase of raw materials, fuels, and auxiliary equipment and so on, an equity joint venture gives first priority to purchasing in China. It may make purchases of them directly on the international market with foreign exchange raised by itself.

正副总经理(或正副厂长)由合营各方分别担任。

:The offices of general manager or vice general manager(s)(or factory manager or deputy factory manager(s)) are assumed by each party to the venture.

出口产品可由合营企业直接或与其有关的委托机构向国外市场出售，/也可通过中国的外资机构出售。:An equity joint venture sells its foreign products to foreign markets directly through associated agency or foreign trade agency of China.

合营各方发生纠纷,/董事会不能解决时,/由中国的仲裁机构进行调解或仲裁,/也可由合营各方协议在其他仲裁机构仲裁。

:Disputes arising from each party to the venture, which board of directors cannot settle may be settled through arbitration or conciliation by China's arbitration agency or through arbitration by another arbitration agency agreed upon by each party to the venture.

鼓励合营企业向中国境外销售产品。

:An equity joint venture is encouraged to sell its products outside China.

鼓励外国合营者将可汇出的外汇存入中国银行。

:A foreign side is encouraged to deposit its foreign exchange which was entitled to remit abroad in Bank of China.

突破中西方文化差异的翻译

What makes the revolution especially English? /Obviously,/it began in England.

:什么让这场革命具有英国的特色呢?显而易见，这场革命起源于英国。

The land cracked/ and the springs dried up/ and the cattle listlessly nibbled dry twigs. :土地龟裂，泉水干涸，牛群也无精打采地啃着干树枝。

可是/我从头到脚淋成了落汤鸡。

:But I was drenched from head to toe like a drown rat.

长相好看的人用不着浓妆艳抹。

:Physically attractive people do not need heavy makeup.

中国古代文明的发展是中华民族艰苦奋斗、自强不息的结果。

:The development of China's ancient civilization is the fruit of hard working and tireless efforts of the Chinese nation.

近百年来，/为了摆脱半殖民地半封建的历史境遇，/中国人民进行了艰苦卓绝、奋发图强的斗争。:In the past one hundred years or so, the Chinese people waged arduous struggles to lift themselves from the historical plight of semi-colonial and semi-feudal rules.

今天/在邓小平理论的指引下，/我国人民坚定不移地实行改革开放，/在现代化建设中取得了举世瞩目的成就。

:Today, under the guidance of Deng Xiaoping Theory，our Chinese people firmly implemented Reform and Opening-up and achieved remarkable successes in the modernization drive.

新中国成立以后，/我在我们自己的剧团，/中国评剧院工作了。

:After Liberation，I began to work in our own opera troupe,China Pingju Theater.

我外祖父固然在风华正茂之年就去世了,当时他只有六十八岁,/但是我的祖父、祖母和外祖母却都活到了八一十岁以上。

:My maternal grandfather passed away in the flower of his youth at the age of 68. But my other three grandparents all lived to be over 80.

卫老婆子叫她祥林嫂,/说是自己母家的邻舍,/死了当家人，所以出来做工了。

:Old Mrs. Wei introduced her as Xianglin's wife, a neighbor of her mother's family,and she went out to work because her husband had been dead.

她高兴地说:“你可真是巧手啊!现在不打毛线了，又换了纺线。”/原来她刚才是看了我演的《刘巧儿》。:She happily said,“You really have clever hands. You have stopped knitting to spinning now.” She had seen me playing in Liu Qiaoer, in which I was the heroine.

腊月二十三封箱，把祖师爷请到台前去，后台冷冷清清，/演员们就(是)更苦了。

:On the 23rd of the 12th lunar month, when theater closed, the Saint Patron of actors was invited to the front stage, leaving the back stage deserted,and actors were much worse off.

对外经济贸易大学翻译硕士考研历年真题解析

2016年对外经济贸易大学翻译硕士考研招生目录，考研参考书，历年真题笔记贸大英语翻译基础书目推荐 1、庄绎传，《英汉翻译简明教程》。北京：外语教学与研究出版社，2002。 2、叶子南，《高级英汉翻译理论与实践》。北京：清华大学出版社，2001。 3、中国日报（China Daily）：英语点睛：新词新译 4、王恩冕，《大学英汉翻译教程》，对外经济贸易大学出版社，第三版，2010。 5、金融时报官方网站：双语时评。 6、网站：https://www.sodocs.net/doc/bd12753004.html,/ 7、外贸、金融、经济学、世贸组织等英语专业术语。 8、张曦，《口语与口译300题》，上海交通大学出版社。 9、金焕荣，《商务英语翻译》，苏州大学出版社。 10、赵军锋，《商务英语口译》，高等教育出版社，2009. 11、2015年度国家领导人出席的国际会议：演讲稿中英对照。 12、三笔、二笔相应题材的文章。 百科知识和汉语写作书目推荐 1、卢晓江.《自然科学史十二讲》.中国轻工业出版社（2007）（矿大） 2、叶朗.《中国文化读本》.北京：外语教学与研究出版社（2008） 3、杨月蓉.《实用汉语语法与修辞》.重庆：西南师范大学出版社（1999）（北大） 4、金元浦.《中国文化概论》.北京：中国人民大学出版社（2007） 5、庄锡昌.《西方文化史》.北京：高等教育出版社（2011） 6、林青松.《中国文学与中国文化知识应试指南》.南京：东南大学出版社（2005） 7、张元忠.张东风.《经济应用文写作与评析》.武汉：华中科技大学出版社（2008） 9、俞纪东.《经济写作》.上海：上海财经大学出版社 10、张文.《外贸文秘写作全书》.中华工商联合出版社 11、郑孝敏.《商务应用文》.东北财经大学出版社 12、柯琳娟.《公司（企业）常用文书写作格式与范本》.企业管理出版社 13、邵龙青.《财经应用写作》.东北财经大学出版社

英汉翻译中的“假朋友”

英汉翻译中的“假朋友”现象 “假朋友”一词源自法语词语“Faux Amis”,现主要是指在语义结构上相似或相同,但含义却不相同的词或句子结构。全文主要从三个方面讨论英汉翻译中易出现“假朋友”的现象: (1) 词汇及习语; (2) 否定结构; (3) 比较结构,从而指出正确鉴别“假朋友”现象对外语学习者的重要性。 众所周知,英语和汉语都是高度发展的语言,都拥有极其丰富的词汇和表达方式。但由于两者分别隶属于两大语系(前者属于印欧语系,后者属于汉藏语系) ,因此它们在词类的用法和句子结构方面有很大的差异。这些差异,构成了英汉、汉英翻译中的诸多难点。其中一个难点是指那些在字面意义、语义结构上相似或相同,但含义却截然不同的词汇或句子结构。这一现象在英文中被称为“False Friends” 对于英语学习者来讲,正确鉴别“假朋友”现象至关重要,否则稍有不慎,便会上“假朋友”的当,造成翻译上的笑话。 本文从长期的教学经验基础上,就英语词汇及习语、否定结构和比较结构的理解与翻译方面容易出现的“假朋友”现象举例加以阐明,以期引起外语学习者的注意。 一、词汇及习语中的“假朋友”现象 由于词汇和短语是句子语篇结构的单位,因此理解词汇及习语中的“假朋友”现象是整体理解的关键。但初学者对词汇及成语中的“假朋友”现象往往毫无意识,极易望文生义。如: oil skin 油布(并非油性皮肤) ;good seats 好票(并非好的席位) ; fish - wife 卖鱼女(并非雌性鱼) ;table knife 餐刀(并非桌子上的刀) ; white day 吉日(并非白色的天) ; smell a rat 怀疑(并非嗅到了老鼠) ; red meat 牛、羊肉(并非红色的肉) ;blue coat 警察(并非兰色上衣) ; red - cap 搬运服务人员(并非红帽子) ;bull’s eye靶心(并非牛的眼睛) ; mad doctor 精神病医生(并非发疯的医生) ; dogear 书的折角(并非狗耳朵) ; familiar talk 庸俗的交谈(并非熟悉的谈话) ; pull up one’s socks 鼓起勇气(并非拉上袜子) ; husband like 善于管理农活的(并非像丈夫的) ; cock - and - bull story 无稽之谈(并非鸡和牛的故事) ; bite the thumbs at 对…嗤之以鼻(并非咬大拇指) ; twice - told tale 老掉牙的故事(并非讲过两次的故事) ; divorce lawyer 办理离婚案件的律师(并非离婚的律师) ; yellow book 黄皮书(法国政府报告书,黄色纸封面) (并非黄色书刊) ; 从以上的例子我们可以看出,要认清此类的“假朋友”,一方面在于积累,另一方面要避免想当然,应从上下文语境中细细品味其真实含义。 二、否定结构中的“假朋友”现象 在英语中,有些句子结构在形式上是肯定的,而在实质上是否定的;或在形式上是否定的,而在实质上是肯定的。另有一些双重否定的句子,在绝大多数场合其含义是肯定的,但有时仍然是表示否定的意思。在翻译这些特殊的否定结构时,应认真研究上下文,根据言语服从思想、

英语句子翻译大全

英语句子翻译大全 导读：本文是关于英语句子翻译大全的文章，如果觉得很不错，欢迎点评和分享！ 01、I never stopped loving you，I just stopped showing it。 我对你的爱从来没有停止，只是我不再让别人知道而已。 02、Standing in a corner of the world，watching the sunrise and sunset。 站在世界某一个角落，看着日出日落。 03、Waiting is painful。Forgetting is painful。But not knowing which to do is the worse kind of suffering。 等待是一种痛，忘掉也是一种痛，但不知道该怎么办，是一种更折磨人的痛。 04、That formerly how to pick，time flies straight forward。 那段从前怎么去捡，光阴似箭一直向前。 05、Are you turn a walk，do not see my sad。Am I too wayward，regardless of your feelings。 是你转头就走，没看见我的难过。是我太任性，不顾你的感受。 06、Start everyday with a new hope，leave bad memories behind & have faith for a better tomorrow。 用新的希望开启每一天，释放掉不好的回忆，相信明天会更

好。 07、Who’s who of the hook，and who is who of redemption。 谁是谁的劫，谁又是谁的救赎。 08、They say after losing only treasure，in fact，after losing most painful treasure。 她们都说失去以后才懂得珍惜，其实珍惜后的失去最痛。 09、Love warms more than a thousand fires。 爱情的炽热胜过千万团的火。 10、It is good if you begin crying，that is the sign of cure。 能够哭就好，哭是开始痊愈的象征！ 11、Life is too short for us to wake up in the morning with regrets。 人生苦短，所以每天不要带着遗憾醒来。 12、Because of loving you so much that I stood aside。Although myfigure left you away，my heart didn’t。Today I have made up my mind to say “I love you。” 正是因为爱才悄悄的躲开，躲开的是身影，躲不开的是默默的情怀；今天我终于鼓起勇气，向你表达我的爱。 13、As long as people do not lose their direction，they will not lose themselves。 人只要不失去方向，就不会失去自己。

英汉词语比较与翻译

第三章英汉词语比较与翻译对等 第一节翻译对等 Equivalence is the relationship between a source text (ST) and a target text (TT) that allows the TT to be considered as a translation of the ST in the first Place. 对等是翻译理论中的中心概念。 卡特福德认为翻译的中心任务就是确定翻译对等的性质和条件。 奈达提出了“动态对等”与“形式对等”这两个概念。形式对等：原语文本的形式在目的语中被机械地再现，目的是允许原语文本以自己的表达方式说话，而非经过调整来适应目的语文化，实践中，既不分句也不合句并保留标点和分段等形式标示。由于两种语言之间的差异，这类翻译扭曲了目的语的语法和文体风格，从而导致信息歪曲。运用形式对等主要是追求翻译的精确性并尽可能保留原语的形式。形式对等有其局限性，但有时却是最为合适的翻译策略。动态对等就是将原语译成目的语后，目的语读者的反应与原语读者读原语时的反应一致。它通过分析、转移和重建三个过程来实现，进行动态对等翻译包括：运用适合目的语文化的表达法去替代原语中的相应表达法；使原语文本中语言上隐含的信息明显化；为了增进理解增加一定量的冗余表达。例如，奈达将《圣经》中的“Lamb of God”译为“Seal of God”。有时功能对等也被用来代替奈达提出的动态对等。 第二节英汉词语比较与翻译对等 词的意义是它在特定的语言系统中的具体价值或通过在特定语言系统中的运用而具有的个性。 词的意义可分为四种：命题意义(propositional meaning)、表情意义(expressive meaning) 、搭配意义(collocational meaning)和唤起意义(evoked meaning)。 命题意义描述一个词与现实世界或想象世界中所指称或描述的事物之间的关系，是判断话语是真还是假的基础。语言以符号的方式描绘经验世界。 人总是能够说出他们经验当中的任何事物，因为语言符号覆盖了这个经验世界。但是，语言对经验世界的分割表现出若干层次性。词对于世界的分割应表现为不同的层次。 English: skill craft craft guild 汉语：技巧技巧行会行会

翻译讲座(中文)

日本大学华籍教授吴川应邀到我院3408教室为日语系同学作了一场题为“谈中日口译三原则——快、准、顺”的专题讲座。 李俄宪教授开场介绍道，吴川教授毕业于北京师范大学，现于日本大学研究生院和国际关系学院担任教授，并发表了众多关于中日语言方面的著作。此外，吴川教授也曾在日本电视节目《中文讲座》中担任主持人，主要讲关于翻译原则的应用篇。今天，他便将他所录制的13次节目的录音资源与大家一起分享。过程中，吴教授特别强调了同学们在日常翻译中的一些误区，并带领同学们学习掌握口译的方法。他说道，其实同声传译并不像传说中那样神奇、准确，由于时间限制，翻译的精度一般会降低，最高也只能达到60%的精准度。因此，在同声传译的时候，一定要做到口耳分开。老师形象地比喻说，这就像初弹钢琴时两只手不能协调一样，但是只要多加训练，就能达到熟能生巧的境地。 此外，吴川教授还特别说明，一般人们都会觉得翻译内容准、语气准最重要，其实不然，时间准才是最重要的。因此翻译内容一定要比说活者的内容稍短，但又不能太短，以免影响听众的情绪。另外，他还说道，翻译中最重要的是“得其意，忘其形”。在以往都会有许多初级翻译者追求完美，希望能一字不落地翻译下来，教授表明这样做是有违信息处理原则的，其实在翻译时，只需要集中注意力，调整好心理状态，掌握大概意思，不必深究某个字眼。 在之后的提问环节中，有同学问到中文里的一些诗词，例如“但愿人长久，千里共婵娟”等中文诗词在现场翻译时该怎么翻译才好。吴教授总结了两点建议，首先是要在日常生活中注重积累，有所准备；其次，要具备临场应变的能力。 这次讲座中，日语系学生受益匪浅，掌握了如何又快又准又顺地实现中日互译的技巧，同时，这也将是学习日语的同学今后必不可少的功课之一。

英汉互译在线翻译句子

如果只是遇见，不能停留，不如不遇见。 if we can only encounter each other rather than stay with each other,then i wish we had never encountered. 2 。宁愿笑着流泪，也不哭着说后悔。心碎了，还需再补吗？ i would like weeping with the smile rather than repenting with the cry, when my heart is broken, is it needed to fix? 3 。没有谁对不起谁，只有谁不懂得珍惜谁。 no one indebted for others, while many people dont know how to cherish others. 4 。命里有时钟需有命里无时莫强求you will have it if it belongs to you, whereas you dont kvetch for it if it doesnt appear in your life. 5 。当香烟爱上火柴时，就注定受到伤害when a cigarette falls in love with a match, it is destined to be hurt. 6。爱情??在指缝间承诺指缝…。在爱情下交缠。love ,promised between the fingers finger rift, twisted in the love 7。没有人值得你流泪，值得让你这么做的人不会让你哭泣。 no man or woman is worth your tears, and the one who is, won?t make you cry. 8 。记住该记住的，忘记该忘记的。改变能改变的，接受不能改变的。 remember what should be remembered, and forget what should be forgotten. alter what is changeable, and accept what is unchangeable. love is like a butterfly. it goes where it pleases and it pleases where it goes. 爱情就像 一只蝴蝶，它喜欢飞到哪里，就把欢乐带到哪里。 if i had a single flower for every time i think about you, i could walk forever in my garden. 假如每次想起你我都会得到一朵鲜花，那么我将永远在花丛中徜徉。 within you i lose myself, without you i find myself wanting to be lost again. 有了你，我迷失了自我。失去你，我多么希望自己再度迷失。每一个沐浴在 爱河中的人都是诗人。 look into my eyes - you will see what you mean to me. 看看我的眼睛，你会发现你对 我而言意味着什么。distance makes the hearts grow fonder. 距离使两颗心靠得更 近。 i need him like i need the air to breathe. 我需要他，正如我需要呼吸空气。 if equal affection cannot be, let the more loving be me. 如果没有相等的爱，那就让 我爱多一些吧。 love is a vine that grows into our hearts. 爱是长在我们心里的藤蔓。

100个英语句子翻译

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1. 她似乎与新同学相处不好。(get along with) 2. 我与玛丽失去联系多年，但昨天我与她在电话里联系上了。(out of touch, get in touch) 3. 那老兵喜欢对每一位来访者炫耀他的勋章。(show off) 4. 她丈夫似乎非常反对她出国。(opposed to) 5. 因为托马斯不安心工作，他的父母非常担忧。(settle down) 6. 我口袋里总装着各种各样的小东西。(bits and pieces) 7. 她母亲通过一些私人关系使她进入商界。(pull strings) 8. 我希望这些菜合你的胃口。(to somebody's liking) 9. 那些男孩太吵闹，我把他们骂了一顿。(tell off) 1. She doesn't seem to get along with her new classmates. 2. I'd been out of touch with Mary for years, but I managed to get in touch by phone yesterday. 3. The veteran enjoys showing off his medals to everyone who visits him. 4. Her husband seems very much opposed to her going abroad. 5. As Thomas couldn't settle down in his job, his parents were very worried. 6. I always have all kinds of bits and pieces in my pockets. 7. Her mother pulled a few strings to get her into the business circle. 8. I hope the food is to your liking. 9. I told the boys off for making so much noise.

北二外翻译硕士经验帖可直接打印

2015,4发帖 在从北京回家的火车上，青峰的声音顺着耳道缓缓流入心田，将这过往的回忆一点一点浮现在眼前。于是我打开电脑，记录下我与二外的往事曾经。 不瞒大家，楼主今年是二战北二外翻译硕士英语口译，第一年初试403，可复试不幸落榜，第二年再战，终于得以圆梦心心念念之地。先说一下今年的初试吧，翻译硕士总共分四门政治、翻译硕士英语、英语翻译基础、汉语写作与百科知识。其中除政治是全国统考外，其余三门均由北二外命题。现在详细介绍一下各科以及我的复习方法： 政治 政治这门主观性相对较大，满分100，选择和分析各占50分，由于北京是首都的原因，政治这门在分析题改卷时要比其他省市严格，也就是大家所说的压分，道理你懂的。所以这门北京地区的答题基本上在20分-25分左右（当然这是在你都写满并且答得差不多的情况下，如果连题都没写完请不要自动把自己归为这一类），这样我们就能简单的得出一个结果：得选择题者得天下。所以，如果想要在政治上得高分的孩纸，注意，一定要抓选择题。选择最好的提高方式就是做题。我做的题有肖秀荣1000题，风中劲草、肖秀荣冲刺八套卷、任四、肖四等。我也有同学做的有石磊的1500题，不管哪本，只要买一本就好，但这本一定要吃透，并且最好买本大纲对照着题中出现的知识点看，选择题不要背，但一定要弄懂，并对一定类型的题下归类，这样到后期你在读题的时候就能看出这道题考的知识点是什么，就有了传说中的“刷题”的joy。到了最后一个月，就开始背大题了，记得我们在考前，整个自习室都是人手一本肖四、任四，狂背上边的大题。因为肖四每年都会压中一两道题，楼主考的这两年，肖四也都分别压中了10分的分析，所以，最后一定要狂！背！ 另外，关于政治辅导班，文科生的话可报可不报，理科生建议报个，但是如果报班，考研班就会给你发一些列他们的资料，或者给你推荐让你买，这时候你可以根据自己的情况，但不要因为辅导班打乱了自己的复习计划。建议大家通过微博微信关注一下蒋中庭、石磊、徐之明这些老师，他们也会不定期的在上边放送一些资料，自己可以有根据的筛选。 翻译硕士英语 这一门二外今年变化挺大的，虽然题型没变，但难度整整高了一个级别。先说一下题型，开始会有30道单选，往年都是单词语法比例相当，但今年30道基本全是考单词，难度在专八左右，全是形近词和近义词辨析，建议这部分在复习的时候背专八或专八以上词汇，楼主就是买了新东方的专八乱序，整本书前前后后背了有五遍，但还是背着忘着，考场上也有好多单词都不确定，这部分推荐买本专八词汇辨析的单选题集，具体名字记不清了，可以自己百度一下。有心的孩纸也可以拿个小本本把自己在背单词时遇见的形近和近义词都积累下来，时不时的拿出来看看。楼主知道这是个枯燥的过程，但想要拿个不差的分数，就别磨叽，背吧。 然后就是阅读理解，总共四篇，两篇单选，两篇简答，难度也在专八左右，不难，好好看问题不大。建议平时拿专八阅读练习，并找一些其他学校简答题型的阅读真题或者北二外学硕综合英语里的阅读练习。楼主当年就是做了整整一本专八阅读和北二外有史以来的所有学硕简答题型阅读，还有一些其他学校的相同题型。做的时候不要着急，每天给自己定一个计划，一天一篇或者一天两篇，找个固定的时间，并把阅读里出现的不认识或者不确定的单词一一列出，在本子上记上意义和用法。千万不要今天做一篇，隔几天不做，然后一做就是四五篇，这样不会有效果的，知识都是一步一步积累得来的，不可能一蹴而就。 最后是写作，400字，给个话题，让你说自己的想法，可以看出，还是专八套路。所以要多背背专八作文，总结范文的好的表达方式以及结构分布，拿本记下来。 英语翻译基础