【英语】高三英语翻译的技巧及练习题及练习题(含答案)含解析

【英语】高三英语翻译的技巧及练习题及练习题(含答案)含解析

一、高中英语翻译

1．高中英语翻译题：Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.

1．她五年前开始拉小提琴。(play)

2．由于天气恶劣，航班延误了好几个小时。(owing)

3．每位设计师都希望自己的作品能经受时间的考验。(stand)

4．能否抵御网络游戏的诱惑是摆在中学生面前的一道难题。(It)

5．在展览会上，公司销售经理展示了孩子们翘首以盼的新型电子玩具。(demonstrate)

【答案】

1．She began to play the violin five years ago.

2．Owing to bad weather, the flight was delayed for a couple of hours.

3．Every designer hopes that his work can stand the test of time.

4．It is a difficult problem for high school students whether they can resist the temptation of online games.

5．At the exhibition, the company’s sales manager demonstrated the new type of electronic toys (which/that) children were looking forward to.

【解析】

1．根据“五年前”确实时态，可知用一般过去时，注意短语play the violin。

【考点定位】考查动词时态、习语及表达能力。

2．根据提示词可知，由于译为：owing to ，此处to是介词。注意用被动语态，因为航班

被推迟。

【考点定位】考查介词短语及被动语态。

3．此句希望（hope）是谓语动词，后接宾语从句。时态用一般现在时。

【考点定位】考查宾语从句及时态。

4．此句it是形式主语，whether引导主语从句，时态一般现在时。短语：抵御诱惑resist the temptation。

【考点定位】考查主语从句及形式主语it的用法。

5．注意句子结构的安排，“孩子们翘首以盼的”应译为定语从句。时态用一般过去时。

【考点定位】考查定语从句及相关短语的表达。

2．高中英语翻译题：Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.

1．他刚要关闭电脑，就在这时手机响了。(when)

________________________________

2．他将代表全班同学在新年晚会上向老师们表示真诚的感谢。(on behalf of)

________________________________

3．我们付出的每一次努力未必都能成功，但是但凡值得我们做的事情都值得做好。(worth)

________________________________

4．不只是一个人的日常言谈举止，就连他目前正在读的那本书都清楚地向我们表明了他是

一个怎样的人。(as well as)

________________________________

【答案】

1． He was about to turn off / shut down the computer when the / his cell / mobile phone rang. 2． On behalf of the whole class / all his classmates, he will express / show / extend sincere gratitude / thanks to the teachers at the New Year / Year’s Party.

3． Every effort that we make can / may not be successful, but whatever is worth our / us doing is worth our / us doing well. / Every effort that we make is not necessarily successful. … / Every effort that we put in is not always going to / does not always work, …

4． The book (that / which) a person is reading at present as well as his daily words and deeds / actions clearly indicates / shows / suggests what kind of person he is.

【解析】

1．本题考查固定句式，be about to do sth.---when---“正要做某事，这时候”，结合所给汉语

可知用一般过去时，故答案为He was about to turn off / shut down the computer when the / his cell / mobile phone rang.

2．固定词组：on behalf of“代表---”，结合所给汉语可知主句用将来时，答案为On behalf of the whole class / all his classmates, he will express / show / extend sincere gratitude / thanks to the teachers at the New Year / Ye ar’s Party.

3．句中使用whatever引导的主语从句和be worth doing sth.结构，结合所给汉语可知effort

后要用that引导的定语从句，故答案为Every effort that we make can / may not be successful, but whatever is worth our / us doing is worth our / us doing well. / Every effort that we make is

not necessaril y successful. … / Every effort that we put in is not always going to / does not always work, …

4．句中使用定语从句和as well as“和---一样”结构，句子主语是as well as之前的内容，谓

语与主语一致。再结合所给汉语可知book后加定语从句，答案为The book (that / which) a person is reading at present as well as his daily words and deeds / actions clearly indicates / shows / suggests what kind of person he is.

3．高中英语翻译题：Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.

1．他曾在当地一所学校工作。（used to）

2．一位旧时同窗写信告诉我他重返祖国的想法。（thought）

3．当被问及为何投入这个研究时，他保持沉默。（involve）

4．他若是想在下一届奥运会夺金的话，就要提高他的技术水平。（be to do）

5．她注视着市长消失的那个出口，然后环顾四周看看其他人对市长的缺席有何反应。（through）

【答案】

1． He used to work at a local school.

2．A former classmate of mine wrote me a letter, telling me his thought of returning to the native land/motherland.

3． When (he was) asked why he was involved in the study, he kept silence (silent).

4．If he is to win the gold medal at the next Olympics, he needs to improve his technique. 5．She stared at the exit through which Mayor had disappeared and then looked around to see how others reacted to his absence.

【解析】

试题分析：

1．He used to work at a local school.

本句重点在于used to do sth过去常常做某事；

2．A former classmate of mine wrote me a letter, telling me his thought of returning to the native land/motherland.

名词thought表示想法，后面的不定式短语of…是对thought进行的解释说明。

3． When (he was) asked why he was involved in the study, he kept silence (silent).

本句考查的是状语从句的省略的话题，当状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致的时候，可以把状语从句的主语和be一起省略。

4． If he is to win the gold medal at the next Olympics, he needs to improve his technique.

本题考查的be to do sth表示将来时的用法。相当于should, must。

5．She stared at the exit through which Mayor had disappeared and then looked around to see how others reacted to his absence.

本句考查了动词短语stare at…盯着…看的用法。

考点：考查了考生对词汇，语法和具体句式的掌握情况

考点：本题重在考查基础知识、基本词汇量的积累，对于这类题只有平时勤积累、多进行记忆背诵。

4．高中英语翻译题：Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.

1．这位妈妈鼓励孩子分担家务，她这么做是很明智的。(It...)

2．20世纪60年代的那场饥荒使他不得不离开家乡到别的城市另谋出路。（force）

3．如您购买的产品有任何质量问题,请与公司售后部门联系。(contact)

4．在中国机长( the Captain)这部影片中,机长和机组人员的临危不惧，沉着冷静，最终把机上所有乘客安全送到机场。(face)

【答案】

1．It is sensible /wise of the mother to encourage her kid(s) to share the housework. 2．Famine in the 1960s forced him to leave his hometown in search of better chances /to seek (for)better chances in other cities.

3．If the product you purchase is faulty, please contact/ make contact with the

after-sales department of/ in our company. (也可以表达为if there is something wrong with the product you purchase,…)

4．In the film the Captain, the captain (pilot) and the crew stayed calm (fearless/ brave可以不写) in face of danger/ when faced with danger/when facing danger and finally brought/took all the passengers (on board/aboard the plane) to the airport safe and sound.

【解析】

1．考查it作形式主语。分析句意可知，句子应该用一般现在时；此句用“it作形式主语”句型表达；“明智的（sensible / wise）”是表示人物性格/品德的形容词，应用句型“It is + adj. +of sb. to do…”；短语“鼓励某人做…” encourage sb. to do …。再根据其他汉语提示，故翻译为It is sensible/wise of the mother to encourage her kid(s) to share the housework。

2．考查时态和固定短语。根据时间状语“20世纪60年代”，句子应该用一般过去时；短语“20世纪60年代”in the 1960s; “强迫/迫使某人做…”force sb. to do …；“另谋出路”in search of better chances 或用动词seek（追求）表达为to seek (for)better chances；再根据其他汉语提示，故翻译为Famine in the 1960s forced him to leave his hometown in search of better chances /to seek (for)better chances in other cities。

3．考查动词和条件状语从句。在if引导的条件状语从句中，主句如果是祈使句，从句用一般现在时；contact 作动词时，“与某人联系”contact sb.；contact 作名词时，“与某人联

系”make contact with sb.；表达“…有问题”，也可用句型There is something wrong with…；再根据其他汉语提示，故翻译为If the product you purchase is faulty, please contact/ make contact with the after-sales department of/ in our company (也可以表达为If there is something wrong with the product you purchase,… )。

4．考查动词和固定短语。分析句意可知，整个句子应该用一般过去时；短语“沉着冷静” stay calm；短语“（当他们）面临危险时” 有三种表达形式①用短语in face of 表达为in face of danger ;② 用短语 (sb.)be faced with 表达为 when (the y were)faced with danger; ③ 用动词face表达为 when (they were) facing danger；短语“安全地”safe and sound，也可用safely。再根据其他汉语提示，故翻译为In the film the Captain, the captain (pilot) and the crew stayed calm (and fearless/ brave可以不写) in face of danger/ when faced with danger/when facing danger and finally brought/took all the passengers (on board/aboard the plane) to the airport safe and sound。

【点睛】

face的用法

face作名词，意为“脸”；作动词，意为“面对”。face既可用作及物动词,也可用作不及物动词。用作及物动词时,后面可接人或表示困难、形势、问题等的抽象名词作宾语; 用作不及物动词时,多用来指房屋的朝向。

表达“（某人）面对/面临”的短语:

in (the)face of…

be faced with

face sth.

例句：The cold air felt wonderful on his face. 凉凉的空气吹在他脸上感觉很舒爽。

They kept optimistic in the face of frustration. 面对挫折，他们还是保持乐观。

The window faces the street.那扇窗子面临街道。

They are faced with the same problem. 他们面临同样的问题。

He faced the difficulty with courage.他勇敢地面对困难。

Faced with so much trouble ,we failed to complete the task on time 面临这么多困难，我们没能按时完成任务。

Facing a difficult situation, Arnold decided to ask for help. 面对艰难的处境，Arnold决定求助。如本题第4小题，“（当他们）面临危险时”可表达为(when they were)in face of danger 或when (they were )faced with danger 或when they faced danger/ when facing danger。

5．高中英语翻译题：Translations

1．嫌疑人已抓获，所有相关证据已移交警方．（concern）

2．众所周知，学习方法因人而异，适合你的不一定适合我．（necessarily）

3．我突然想到，我忘记提醒班长集合时间了，随即给他发了一个消息．（It）

4．学生表达自我的能力越强，他们就越可能在入学面试中脱颖而出，这促使了他们将练习演讲作为每日常规．（rule）

【答案】

1． The suspect has been arrested， and all the concerning evidence has been transferred to the police．

2． As we all know， learning method varies from person to person， so what is suitable for you may not necessarily suit me．

3． It suddenly occurred to me that I forgot to remind the monitor of the time for gathering，so I left him a short message．

4． The stronger the students' ability to express themselves， the more likely they are to stand out in the entrance interview， which makes it a rule for them to practice speaking every day．【解析】

1．相关的，有关的：concerning；嫌疑人：suspect，根据汉语提示，使用现在完成时，并且注意使用被动。故译为The suspect has been arrested， and all the concerning evidence has been transferred to the police．

2．这是对学习方法的一种主观评价，所以使用一般现在时。首先，翻译时使用as引导一个非限制性定语从句，vary from person to person因人而异；so引导一个结果状语从句，not necessarily未必。故译为As we all know， learning method varies from person to person，so what is suitable for you may not necessarily suit me．

3．这是对过去事实的陈述，所以使用一般过去时。结合句子的意思和括号中的代词it可知，翻译时需要使用句型it occurred to me that我突然想起……；it为形式主语，that引导一个主语从句，remind sb of sth意为"提醒某人某物"，最后使用so引导一个结果状语从句。故译为It suddenly occurred to me that I forgot to remind the monitor of the time for gathering，so I left him a short message．

4．这是对学生个人能力的一种客观评价，所以使用一般现在时。翻译时需要使用句式结构the+比较级，the+比较级，用来表达"越……越……"；be likely to do sth可能会做某事．而make it a rule for sb. to do某人做某事成功常规。故译为The stronger the students' ability to express themselves， the more likely they are to stand out in the entrance interview， which makes it a rule for them to practice speaking every day．

【点睛】

汉译英基本步骤：

1．理解，通读并透彻理解原文含义

2．翻译，确定译文句子的时态、句型、结构和用词

3．审校，首先检查译文是否正确地转述了原文内容，是否有错译和漏译；其次，检查是否有语言上的明显错误，如时态、语态、单复数、拼写、大小写、标点符号等．发现错误，及时改正。

6．高中英语翻译题：Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in brackets.

1．只要你有耐心，你总能在夜市淘到一些便宜货。(pick up)

2．让他宽慰的是，在房价飙升之前，他在同事的建议下买了一套公寓。(advice)

3．这个品牌的手机各方面都比所有其他的手机好，只是价格实在太贵了。(superior) 4．鉴于这个计划风险太大，虽然设计者的分析听上去很合理，政府最终没有采纳。(risky)

【答案】

1．As long as you have patience, you can always pick up some bargains in the night market. 2．To his great relief, he bought a flat on his colleague’s advice before house prices rocketed. 3．This brand of mobile phone is superior to all the others in every respect, except that its price is really too high.

4．Considering that the plan was too risky, the government eventually didn’t adopt it although the designer’s analysis sounded sensible.

【解析】

1．考查状语从句和时态。此处含as long as“只要”引导的条件状语从句的复合句；have patience“忍耐一下”；固定词组：pick up“捡起，获得”；再根据所给汉语可知句子用一般现在时态，故翻译为As long as you have patience, you can always pick up some bargains in the night market.

2．考查状语从句和时态。此处是含before“在…之前”引导的时间状语从句；分析句子结构：he是句子主语，谓语动词用一般过去时态bought，a flat是句子宾语；固定短语：To his great relief“使他非常欣慰的是”；his colleague’s advice“他同事的建议”；再根据所给汉语可知翻译为：To his great relief, he bought a flat on his colleague’s advice before house prices rocketed.

3．考查时态和固定短语。分析句子结构：This brand of mobile phone是句子主语；is superior to“优于”是谓语部分；except that除了…之外；再根据所给汉语可知句子用一般现

在时态，故翻译为：This brand of mobile phone is superior to all the others in every respect, except that its price is really too high.

4．考查状语从句和时态。此处是considering that“考虑到，就…而论”引导的原因状语从

句；although引导让步状语从句；risky“冒险的”，adopt“采纳”；句子为一般过去时。再根

据所给汉语故翻译为：Considering that the plan was too risky, the government eventually

di dn’t adopt it although the designer’s analysis sounded sensible.

7．高中英语翻译题：Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.

1．不要运动过度，不然有猝死的可能。(or)

2．我想当时你一定具有控制自己行为的能力。(power)

3．虽然关注自己的快乐没有错，但把快乐传播给身边的人总是一件不错的事。(communicate)

4．妄自菲薄只会让自己迷失方向，限制自身发展。从今天开始就关掉消极频道，释放自身的潜能吧(nowhere)

【答案】

1．Don’t exercise too much, or you may die of sudden death.

2．I think you must have had the power to control your behavior at that time.

3．Although there is nothing wrong with focusing on your own happiness, it is always a good thing to communicate happiness to people around.

4．Thinking poorly about yourself gets you nowhere, limiting your own development. Stop being negative from today and release your potential.

【解析】

1．考查固定句式。“don’t do…or…”表示“不要……，否则会……”，故翻译为：Don’t exercise too much, or you may die of sudden death.

2．考查情态动词+have done。must have done表示对过去的事情最有把握的推测，表示“一定做过……”，故翻译为：I think you must have had the power to control your behavior at that time.

3．考查让步状语从句和形式主语。首先确定两个关键短语：communicate sth to sb表示“将……交（传递）给某人”，focus on表示“关注、集中于”，根据句意可知本句用although

引导让步状语从句，同时用it做形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式，故翻译为：Although there is nothing wrong with focusing on your own happiness, it is always a good thing

to communicate happiness to people around.

4．考查祈使句和非谓语动词。根据句意确定本句使用祈使句，同时使用动名词做主语，另外stop doing表示“停止做某事”，故翻译为：Thinking poorly about yourself gets you nowhere, limiting your own development. Stop being negative from today and release your potential.

8．高中英语翻译题：Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.

1．值得一提的是,这座刚落成的教学楼配备了先进的视听设备。(worth)

2．在新品发布前,老板要求广告公司展开调查来收集潜在客户的信息。(demand)

3．面对着诸多不确定因零,家长对孩子的学业成绩感到焦虑是一件正常的事情。(face) 4．要牢记:只要按部就班实现每个短期目标,我们就可以在科研上取得一个又一个的突破。(Bear)

【答案】

1．It is worth mentioning that the newly-built teaching building has been equipped with advanced audio-visual equipment.

2．Before the new product is launched, the boss has demanded that the advertising agency (should) carry out a survey to collect/gather information about potential clients.

3．When they are facing/ (faced with) many uncertainties, it is natural/normal parents to feel anxious about their children's academic performance.

4．Bear in mind that as long as we reach every short-term goal step by step, we can make one breakthrough after another in scientific research

【解析】

【分析】

本本大题考查用所给的词翻译英语句子。此种题首先要分析所给的汉语句意及所给词的用法，明确考核的要点，选择恰当的词语搭配。这不仅要用所给的语法项目进行恰当的翻译，同时还要注意翻译句子时要根据具体的语境。此外一定要避免汉语式的英语翻译。1．考查固定用法。“Sth. be worth doing worth”为固定用法，意为“某事值得做”。“be equipped with...”为固定搭配，意为“配备有......”。此句中的根据语境可知，因此可用it作形式主语，真正的主语是“这座刚落成的教学楼配备了先进的视听设备”。故本句可译为： It is worth mentioning that the newly-built teaching building has been equipped with advanced audio-visual equipment.

2．考查demand引导的宾语从句要用虚拟语气。Demand在表示“要求”时，所引导的宾语从句要用虚拟语气should+动词原形，should也可省略。故本句可译为：Before the new product is launched, the boss has demanded that the advertising agency (should) carry out a survey to collect/gather information about potential clients.

3．考查face的用法。“某人面对某事时”可用“sb. face sth.” 或用“sb. be faced with...”。根据语境可知，此句是由when引导的状语从句。故本句可译为：When they are facing/ (faced with) many uncertainties, it is natural/normal parents to feel anxious about their children's academic performance.

4．考查固定用法。“Bear ...in mind”为固定用法，意为“把......记住”。根据语境可知，bear

的宾语中含有一个状语从句，“只要按部就班实现每个短期目标”可译为“as long as we reach every short-term goal step by step”，第二句中“取得突破”要运用“make one breakthrough”。故本句可译为：Bear in mind that as long as we reach every short-term goal step by step, we can make one breakthrough after another in scientific research。

9．高中英语翻译题：Translation

1．这些保存完好的历史建筑让游客们流连忘返。 (reluctant)

2．教师对学生所产生的影响对于学生的未来发展来说可能意味着成与败的区别。 (impact) 3．中国政治和经济实力的提升如此之快，学中文的外国人越来越多。 (So)

4．好的爱情是你通过一个人看到整个世界，坏的爱情是你为了一个人舍弃了整个世界。(while)

【答案】

1．The well-preserved historical buildings make the tourists reluctant to leave.

2．The impact that the teachers have on future development of students may mean the difference between success and failure.

3．So fast has China's political and economic strength risen that an increasing number foreigners begin to learn Chinese.

4．Good love is that you see the whole world through one person, while bad love is that you abandon the world for one person.

【解析】

【分析】

本题考查翻译句子，注意按括号内的提示词翻译。

1．考查“make+宾语+宾补”结构。be reluctant to表示“不愿……”，根据句意可知本句使用“make+宾语+宾补”结构，陈述的是客观事实，应该用一般现在时，故翻译为：The well-preserved historical buildings make the tourists reluctant to leave.

2．考查定语从句。have impact on表示“对……有影响”，difference between A and B表示“A 和B间的不同”，根据句意可知本句使用定语从句，关系代词指代先行词impact并在从句中作have的宾语，陈述的是客观事实用一般现在时，故翻译为：The impact that the teachers have on future development of students may mean the difference between success and failure.

3．考查so…that引出的倒装。在so…that…结构中，当so+副词位于句首时，要采用部分倒装，故翻译为：So fast has China's political and economic strength risen that an increasing number foreigners begin to learn Chinese.

4．考查表语从句和while的用法。根据句意可知本句使用while表示两种情况的对比，同时使用表语从句，从句成分完整，用that仅起连接作用，无实义，故翻译为：Good love is that you see the whole world through one person, while bad love is that you abandon the world for one person.

10．高中英语翻译题：Translation

1．阅读诗歌译本就如同穿着雨衣淋雨，你永远无法感知到水滴的碰撞。(like)

2．为了抹去过往的痛苦回忆，她决定将所有他的信件付之一炬。(wipe)

3．他文科很棒，所以很有机会被他心仪的大学录取。(stand)

4．他的言论使得一件之前无人问津的小事变成了所有人现在都不得不关注的国际事件。(to which)

【答案】

1．Reading a translation of a poem is like wearing a raincoat in the rain, you can never feel the collision of water droplets.

2．In order to wipe the painful memories, she decided to set all his letters on fire.

3．He stands out in liberal arts, so he has a good chance of getting admitted to the university he wants.

4．His comments turned a small matter that no one had cared about before into an international event to which everyone now has to pay attention.

【解析】

1．“阅读诗歌译本”用动名词作主语，like意为“像”，是介词，后面接名词或动名词作宾语。故翻译为：Reading a translation of a poem is like wearing a raincoat in the rain, you can never feel the collision of water droplets.

2．表示“为了”，可用“in order to do”或“to do”结构，“抹去”是wipe，“决定做某事”是decide to do。故翻译为：In order to wipe the painful memories, she decided to set all his letters on fire.

3．表示“很棒”，可用“stand out”。“被……录取”可用“be admitted to”表示。定语从句用he wants表示。故翻译为：He stands out in liberal arts, so he has a good chance of getting admitted to the university he wants.

4．表示“使……转变成……”，可用turn…into…。表示“关注”，可用pay attention to。用定语从句来修饰a small matter 和an international event。故答案为His comments turned a small matter that no one had cared about before into an international event to which everyone now has to pay attention.

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