新四六级翻译部分必备五大类词汇 经济 历史 教育 社会 科技 pdf

2016新四六级翻译部分必备五大类词汇

(经济、历史、教育、社会、科技)

此篇翻译部分必备五大类词汇涵盖经济商业、历史文化、科技生活、教育发展、社会民生等四六级必考的五大类。

资料我选取自各处，有网上资源、有四六级真题、有口译翻译教程等，将其整合起来供大家所用。

特别说明：四级考生至少要把画粗线的黑体部分单词记忆下来，六级考生尽量抽时间多背。

1经济商业类

现代化modernization

经济全球化economic globalization

国际地位international status/standing

贸易惯例trade practice

股东stockholder

合伙人partner

耗费时间的time-consuming

决策decision-making

商业冒险；企业项目venture

收益return

精英elite

招待会reception

谋利seek gain

创新innovation

利益集团interest group

推进promote;advance;push on

主题subject

国内生产总值GDP（gross domestic product）履行perform;fulfill;carry out

信守observe

条约treaty

共赢win-win

福祉welfare;happiness

停滞be at a standstill

倒退go backwards

追求pursue

普遍性universality

基础设施infrastructure

拉动stimulate

战略规划strategic program

总需求aggregate demand

总供给aggregate supply

企业文化corporate/entrepreneurial culture

企业形象corporate image(Cl);enterprise image 跨国公司cross-national corporation

创业精神enterprising spirit;pioneering spirit

外资企业foreign-funded enterprise

猎头公司head-hunter

假日经济holiday economy

人力资本human capital

航空和航天工业aerospace industry

飞机制造工业aircraft industry

电子工业electronic industry

汽车制造工业car industry

娱乐业entertainment industry

信息产业information industry

知识密集型产业knowledge-intensive industry

国有大中型企业large and medium-sized state-owned enterprises 轻工业light industry

博彩业lottery industry

制造业manufacturing industry

垄断行业monopoly industries

市场多元化market diversification

市场经济market economy

市场监管market supervision

购买力purchasing power

熊市bear market

牛市bull market

城镇化urbanization

房地产real estate

首付down-payment

业主home owner

个人购房贷款individual housing loan

经济全球化economic globalization

经济特区special economic zones(SEZ)

经济增长economic growth

泡沫经济bubble economy

关税tariff

纳税人tax payer

宏观经济macro economy

货币投放量the size of money supply

流动性过剩excess liquidity

经济过热overheated economy

通货膨胀inflation

抑制通货膨胀curb inflation

注入流动性to inject liquidity

贴现率discount rate

存款准备金率reserve requirement ratio(RRR)公开市场业务open market operation(OMO)

逆回购reverse repurchase agreement;reverse repo

引导降低市场借贷成本to guide the market borrowing costs to a lower level 稳健的货币政策prudent monetary policy

微调货币政策to fine-tune monetary policy

硬着陆hard landing

软着陆soft landing

二十国集团Group of Twenty(G2O)

财政部长Finance Minister

全年预期经济增长目标the expected growth target for the whole year

经济活力economic vitality

大规模经济刺激计划a massive economic stimulus package

结构改革structural reform

硬资产hard assets

软资产soft assets

有形资产tangible assets

经济走廊economic corridor

整顿市场秩序to rectify the market order

反垄断antitrust;anti-monopoly

定价浮动price fluctuations

谋求利益最大化to maximize profit

债务审计audit of debt

地方性政府债务local government debt/liability

公共财政体制改革an overhaul of the public finance system 债务管理debt management

信用支持credit support

价值观体系value system

融资financing

2社会民生类

社会地位social status

社会保障social security

城际巴士shuttle bus

大龄青年single youth above the normal matrimonial age

独生子女the only child in a family

单亲single parent

福利彩票welfare lotteries

家政服务household management service

民工migrant laborers

名人celebrity

农村剩余劳动力surplus rural labor/laborers

青春youth

青春期puberty

全民健身运动nationwide fitness campaign

全国人口普查nationwide census

社会保险social insurance

暂住证temporary residence permit/card

青少年犯罪juvenile delinquency

性骚扰sexual harassment

走私smuggling

歧视discrimination

性别歧视gender/sexual discrimination

年龄歧视age discrimination

工作歧视job discrimination

文盲illiteracy

贫富分化disparity between the rich and the poor

盗版pirated/illegal copies

一国两制One Country,Two Systems

三个代表the Three Represents Theory

两会（人大、政协）Two Conferences(NPC and CPPCC)南南合作South-South Cooperation

南北对话North-South Dialog

人大常委会People’s Congress Standing Committee

法制观念awareness of law

法制国家a country with an adequate legal system

改革开放reform and opening-up

公务员civil servants

和谐并存harmonious coexistence

计划生育family planning

计划生育基本国策the basic state policy of family planning

精神文明建设the construction of spiritual civilization

居委会neighborhood committee

科教兴国national rejuvenation through science and education 可持续发展sustainable development

廉洁高效honesty and high efficiency

两岸关系cross-straits relations

两岸谈判cross-straits negotiations

领土完整territorial integrity

民族精神national spirit

普选制general election system

求同存异seek common ground while shelving differences

人大代表NPC member

物质文明和精神文明material and spiritual civilization

小康社会a well-off society

小康水平a well-off standard

一个中国原则the one-China principle

与时俱进keep pace with the times

综合国力overall national strength

共同愿望common desire

“走出去”（战略）going global

不结盟non-alignment

单边主义unilateralism

多边政策multilateralism

多极世界multipolar world

人口老龄化aging of population

人口出生率birth rate

社区月服务community service

道德法庭court of ethics

盗用公款embezzlement

3教育发展类

高等教育机构institutions of higher learning 中国教育工作者Chinese educators

经典著作classic books

职业学校vocational school

开设课程offer a course

课程curriculum

表明show clearly;indicate

教育设施educational facilities

教育投入investment in education

九年义务教育nine-year compulsory education

学校管理委员会school board

引入人才recruit/introduce(foreign)talents

成人夜校night school for adults

在职进修班on-job training courses

政治思想教育political and ideological education

毕业生分配graduate placement;assignment of graduate

充电update one’s knowledge

初等教育elementary education

高等教育higher education

大学城college town

大学社区college community

高等教育“211工程”the“211Project”for higher education 高等学府institution of higher education

综合性大学comprehensive university

文科院校colleges of(liberal)arts

理工科大学college/university of science and engineering 师范学院teachers’college;normal college

高分低能high scores and low abilities

高考(university/college)entrance examination

高校扩招the college expansion plan

教育界education circle

教育投入input in education

考研take the entrance exams for postgraduate schools

课外活动extracurricular activities

必修课required/compulsory course

选修课elective/optional course

基础课basic courses

专业课specialized courses

课程表school schedule

教学大纲teaching program;syllabus

学习年限period of schooling

学历record of formal schooling

学分credit

启发式教学heuristic teaching

人才交流talent exchange

人才战competition for talented people

商务英语证书Business English Certificate(BEC)

适龄儿重入学率enrollment rate for children of school age 升学率enrollment rate

硕博连读a continuous academic project that involves postgraduate and doctoral study

素质教育quality-oriented education

填鸭式教学cramming method of teaching

希望工程Project Hope

走读生extern;non-resident student

住宿生boarder

研究生graduate student;post-graduate(student)

应届毕业生graduating student;current year’s graduate

校园数字化campus digitalization

校园文化campus culture

学汉语热enthusiasm in learning Chinese

学历教育education with record of formal schooling

学龄儿重school-ager

学前教育preschool education

学生减负alleviate the burden on students

应试教育exam-oriented education

职业道德work ethics;professional ethics

记者招待会press conference

国家教委State Education Commission

国家统计局State Statistical Bureau

职业培训job training

职业文盲functional illiterate

智商intelligence quotient(IQ)

助学行动activity to assist the impoverished students

4科技生活类

网络世界cyber world

网络文化cyber culture

网络犯罪cyber crime

网上购物online shopping

高产优质high yield and high quality

高科技园high-tech park

工业园区industrial park

火炬计划Torch Program(a plan to develop new and high technology)信息港information port

信息革命information revolution

电子货币e-currency

人工智能artificial intelligence(AI)

生物技术bio-technology

克隆cloning

基因工程genetic engineering

转基因食品genetically modified food(GM food)

试管婴儿test-tube baby

基因哭变genetic mutation

网络出版e-publishing

三维电影three-dimensional movie

光谷optical valley

虚拟银行virtual bank

信息化informationization

信息高速公路information superhighway

新兴学科new branch of science;emerging discipline 纳米nanometer

个人数字助理personal digital assistant(PDA)

生态农业environment-friendly agriculture

技术密集产品technology-intensive product

数码科技digital technology

同步卫星geostationary satellite

神舟五号载人飞船manned spacecraft Shenzhou V

风云二号气象卫星Fengyun II meteorological satellite 登月舱lunar module

多任务小卫星small multi-mission satellite(SMMS)

多媒体短信服务Multimedia Messaging Service(MMS)电子商务e-business;e-commerce

电子管理e-management

办公自动化Office Automation(OA)

信息高地information highland

信息检索information retrieval

电话会议teleconference

无土栽培soilless cultivation

超级杂交水稻super-hybrid rice

科技发展scientific and technological advancement

重点项目key project

国家重点工程national key projects

南水北调South-to-North water diversion

西电东送West-East electricity transmission project

西气东输West-East natural gas transmission project

网络造谣fabricating online rumors

恶意侵害他人名誉maliciously harming the reputation of others 停止月服务closure/shutdown of service

公司歇业closure of business

道路封闭road closure

人为操作差错man-made operational mistakes

生态系统ecosystem

森林生态系统forest ecosystem

海洋生态系统marine ecosystem

垄断价格to monopolize the price

垄断市场to monopolize/forestall/captive/corner the market 限购私用汽车to curb the purchase of vehicles for private use 汽车限购vehicle purchase restrictions

汽车购买配额vehicle purchase quotas

车牌摇号a lottery for license plates

牌照单双号限行odd-even license plate system

黑名单制度a blacklist system

执业医师practicing physician;licensed doctors

二代身份证2nd-generation ID cards

防伪技术anti-forgery technology

非法交易illegal transaction

冒名顶替identification fraud

洗钱money laundering

挂失to report the loss

补办to re-apply/post-register

户籍household registration

居住证residence permit

山洪暴发flash floods

水位water level

低洼地区low-lying areas

淹没农田to inundate crops

大桥崩塌bridge collapse

最严重受灾地区worst-hit/worst-stricken area

直接经济损失direct economic loss

应急系统emergency response system

闯红灯running red light

遮挡、污损号牌blocking or defacing license plates 扣分处罚point penalty

酒驾drunk driving

终身禁驾lifetime ban from driving

退休金pension

出资contribution

税收taxation

津贴allowance

能源消耗energy consumption

污染物pollutant

排放discharge

全球变暖global warming

民主化democratization

5历史文化类

戏剧drama/opera

话剧modern drama/stage play

戏曲Chinese local opera

交响乐symphony

音响acoustic/sound

节奏rhythm

京剧Peking opera

功夫Kungfo

太极Tai Chi

木偶戏puppet show

皮影戏shadow play

杂技acrobatics

相声witty dialogue comedy

刺绣embroidery

苏绣Suzhou embroidery

织锦brocade

泥人clay figure

书法calligraphy

中国画traditional Chinese painting

水墨画Chinese brush painting

中国结Chinese knot

中国古代四大发明the four great inventions of ancient China 火药gunpowder

印刷术printing

造纸术paper-making

指南针the compass

青铜器bronze ware

瓷器porcelain;china

唐三彩tri-color glazed pottery of the Tang Dynasty 景泰蓝cloisonne

秋千swing

武术martial arts

儒家思想Confucianism

儒家文化Confucian culture

道教Taoism

墨家Mohism

法家Legalism

佛教Buddhism

孔子Confucius

孟子Mencius

老子Lao Tzu

庄子Chuang Tzu

墨子Mo Tzu

孙子Sun Tzu

象形文字pictographic characters

文房四宝（笔墨纸观）

the Four Treasures of the Study(brush,ink stick,paper,and ink stone)八股文eight-part essay

五言绝句five-character quatrain

七言律诗seven-character octave

旗袍cheongsam

中山装Chinese tunic suit

唐装Tang suit

风水Fengshui;geomantic omen

阳历Solar calendar

阴历Lunar calendar

闰年leap year

十二生肖zodiac

春节the Spring Festival

元宵节the Lantern Festival

清明节the Tomb-sweeping Day

端午节the Dragon-boat Festival

中秋节the Mid-autumn Day

重阳节the Double-ninth Day

七夕节the Double-seventh Day

春联spring couplets

庙会temple fair

爆竹firecracker

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16.neglect [ni.glekt]vt.忽视，忽略;疏忽，玩忽n.疏忽，玩忽 17.addicted [..diktid]沉迷的 18.quarrel [.kw.r.l]n.争吵;失和的原因vi.争吵;反对，挑剔 19.indulge [in.d.ld.]vt.沉溺(于);纵容，迁就，肆意从事 20.suspension [s..spen..n]n.暂停;暂时剥夺;悬架;悬浮液;悬挂 21.interfere [.int..fi.]vi.(with，in)干涉，介入;妨碍，干扰 22.reunite [r..ju.na.t]v. 使再结合; 使重聚; 使再联合; 再结合; 重聚; 再联合 23.candidate [.k.ndideit]n.申请求职者;投考者;候选人 24.via [.vai.]prep.经由，经过，通过 25.terrorist [.ter.rist]n.恐怖分子 26.frontier [.fr.nti.]n.边境;[the～]边缘，边远地区[ pl.]前沿 27.deprive [di.praiv]vt.(of)剥夺，使丧失 28.regret [ri.gret]n.懊悔，遗憾，抱歉 29.breach [bri:t.]n.破坏;不和;缺口vt.攻破;破坏 30.considerable [k.n.sid.r.b.l]a.相当大(或多)的 31.resist [ri.zist]v.抵(反)抗，抵制;抗，耐;拒受的影响 32.impulsive [im.p.lsiv]a.推进的;冲动的 33.prosperity [pr..speriti]n.兴旺，繁荣