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六种主动表被动

六种主动表被动
六种主动表被动

主动表被动常见的六种形式

英语动词,通常都是主动形式表主动意义、被动形式表被动意义。但在有些情况下,却要用主动形式表被动意义。现将这些情况总结如下:

1、某些系动词+形容词

常见的这类系动词有:look, feel, smell, sound, taste, prove, turn out(结果是,证明是)等。例如:This coat feels very soft and smooth.

What he said sounds reasonable.

The medicine tastes bitter.

All he said proved (to be) true.

The flowers smelling sweet (= which smell sweet) in the botanic garden attract the visitors to the beauty of nature. (04上海)

We wanted to get home before dark, but it didn’t quite turn out as planned.(04浙江)

2、某些用作不及物意义的动词+副词

常见的这类动词有:wash, clean, cook, eat, drink, brew, fry, bake, iron, cut , dye , dry, sell, read, write, teach, translate, record, wear, draw, drive, ride, lock, unlock, close ,shut ,open, break, smoke, play, act, wind up, make up, blow, keep, burn, light , strike(划着), fire , pull, fill, begin, start, finish, complete,

run(运转), stop, end, owe, print, move, let(出租), carry, handle, kill, , milk, pack, pick, split 等。

这时:(1)句子的主语通常指物。(2)用来表示主语的内在品质、特征、状态或性质。(3) 通常和副词easily, well, quickly, smoothly, badly, poorly, nicely, wonderfully, perfectly, comfortably 等连用。例如:He paid all that was owing.

The tea is brewing.

Because the shop is closing down, all the T-shirts are sold at half price.(04浙江)

—What are you going to do this afternoon?

—I am going to the cinema with some friends. The film finishes quite early, so we are going to the bookstore after that. (05重庆)

Books of this kind sell well. ( 99上海).

This knife cuts easily.

This kind of cloth washes well, irons easily and wears long.

The paper tears easily.

This article translates well and reads easily.

The pen my father gave me as a birthday gift writes smoothly.

The school opens at 7∶45 and classes begin at 8:00.

The cigar smokes badly.

The cakes eat deliciously.

---Mummy, can I put the peaches in the cupboard?

---No, dear. They don’t keep well. Put them in the fridge instead. (02北京)

His voice doesn't carry well.

This material does not dye well but dries quickly.

The damp match won't strike.

须注意:在这里动词都是当作不及物动词使用,用主动形式表被动强调的是主语本身所具有的某种内在的品质,促进、妨碍或阻止动词表示动作的实现;如果用被动语态则强调外界作用造成的影响,动词表示的动作的实现与否和主语的品质无关,主要取决于动作的执行者。试比较:

This novel doesn’t sell well. 这本小说销售不畅。(是小说本身的原因)

These novels have not been sold. 这些小说没有销出去。(由于其它原因没有卖出去,与小说本身无关)

The door won’t lock.门锁不上。(门本身有毛病)

The door wasn’t locked.门没锁。(人没把门锁上,与门本身无关)

The text teaches well. 这篇课文好教。(由于课文本身的内容才使得这课文“好教” )

The text is not taught well. 这篇课文没有教好。(与课文本身无关,问题是动作执行者没有把课文教好。

3、某些不及物动词(短语)

常见的这类动词有:happen, occur, take place, belong to ,break out, last, run out ,go out(熄灭), go down(下降),cost, spread,come(传来),come on(开始), come out(出版), come up(出现), come into being(产生), come to one’s mind(想起), come about(发生), come true, give out, suit, fit, add

up(to),catch fire, measure, weigh

The war broke out in 1938 and lasted eight years.

The big house belongs to me.

The first textbooks written for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 18th century.

The bridge measures 30 meters across.

The news came that our team had won the game.

A terrible accident happened last night.

The price has gone down,but I doubt whether it will remain so.(99全国卷)

The evening news comes on at seven o’clock and lasts only thirty minutes.(04全国卷II)

4、某些介词+名词

常见的介词有:under, beyond, in, on, for, out of 等。

(1) “under +名词”结构, 表示某事“在进行中”。例如:

The whole matter is under discussion (=is being discussed).

He is said to be under arrest for stealing.

The house under repair is our classroom building.

类似的结构还有:under construction (在建造中),under treatment(在治疗中), under question(在审讯中),under attack(在进攻中),under consideration(在考虑中),under contact(在联系中),under examination(在审查中),under investigation(在调查中),under review(在审议中),under treatment(在医治中),under trial(在受审中),under control(在被控制中)等。

(2) “beyond +名词”结构,表示“超出(胜过)……范围、限度”。例如:

The news is beyond belief(= The news can’t be believed).

类似的结构还有beyond one’s reach(鞭长莫及),beyond one’s control(无法控制),beyond one’s understanding(无法理解),beyond one’s expectation(始料不及), beyond one’s power(力所不能及)等。

(3) “on +名词”结构, 表示“在从事…… 中”。例如:

Today some treasures are on show in the museum (= are being showed).

常见的还有:on sale(出售),on show(展出), on trial(受审)等。

(4) “out of +名词”结构,表示“超出…… 之外”,例如:

The plane was out of control (can’t be controlled).。

常见的有:out of sight(超出视线之外),out of one’s reach(够不着), out of fashion(过时),out of question(毫无疑问)等。

(5) “for +名词”结构,表示“适于……,有待于……”。例如:

That house is for sale. (= That house is to be sold).

The shop is for rent.

(6) “in +名词”结构,表示“在……过程中或范围内”例如:

The book is not yet in print.(=is not yet printed)

The house is in sight now.

5、动词不定式

(1) 主语+及物动词+宾语+ to do(作定语)。这时,不定式虽与被修饰词(宾语)之间是动宾关系,但与句子的主语有主谓关系。另外,不定式若是不及物动词时,应加上结构上或意义上所需要的介词。例如:

I have a meeting to attend today.

Do you have anything to say?

Would you like something to drink?

She had to find a room to live in.

I have borrowed a novel to read during the vacation.

I have several models for you to choose from.

但是如果不定式和主语之间没有这种主谓关系,则需要用不定式的被动形式。例如:

I'm going to Beijing next week. Do you have anything to be taken to your parents?

I’ll go to the post office. Do you have a letter to be posted?

以上两句用不定式的被动形式作定语,表明you 不是take/ post 动作的执行者。

(2) 主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语+ to do(作定语)。这时,不定式与被修饰词(直接宾语)之间是动宾关系,而与间接宾语之间有主谓关系。另外,不定式若为不及物动词时,应加上结构上或意义上所需要的介词。例如:

He lent me some books to read.

Give me a pen to write with.

He lent me a piece of paper to write on.

(3) This/ That) + be +名词+ to do(作定语)。例如:

This is an easy question to answer.

That is a good place to live in.

(4) there be +名词+ to do(作定语)。

此结构中,用来修饰主语的不定式可以用被动形式,也可以用主动形式,在口语中用主动形式的时候更多一些。例如:

There is nothing to worry about.

There is no time to lose (to be lost).

There are still many difficulties to overcome (to be overcome).

但有时候用主动和被动可分别表示不同的意思:不定式用主动式作定语,重点在人,用被动形式作定语,重点在物。试比较:

There is nothing to do now. (We have nothing to do.)

There is nothing to be done now. (We can do nothing now.)

There is nothing to see. (nothing that is worth seeing)

There is nothing to be seen. (nothing there at all)

(5) 主语(人或物) + be + 形容词+ to do (作状语)。

常见的形容词有:easy, hard, difficult, dangerous, nice, good,interesting, important, fit,impossible,pleasant,light, heavy, bitter, comfortable, cheap, expensive, funny, exciting, delicious 等。若不定式动词是不及物时应加上结构上或意义上所需要的介词。例如:

The water in the lake is unfit to drink.

The strawberries are nice to eat.

The problem is easy to work out.

The man is hard to please.

The room is expensive to live in .

(6) 主语+及物动词+形容词+ to do(作宾补)。这时,不定式与宾语之间有动宾关系,而与句子的主语有主谓关系。另外,不定式为不及物动词时,应加上结构上或意义上所需要的介词。例如:

I find the lecture difficult to understand.

I find him pleasant to work with.

(7) “too +形容词+ to do(作状语)”结构中。例如:

This book is too difficult to understand completely.

The passage is too hard to translate.

(8) “疑问代词+ 不定式”结构中。例如:

I don't know what to do next.

She will tell you which bus to take.

Do you know whom to go with?

The mother didn’t know who to blame for the broken glass.

(9) “be + to do(作表语) 结构中。例如:

The house is to let.

I feel it is your husband who is to blame for the spoiled child. (02上海)

The reason is not far to seek.

6、动名词

下列结构中的动名词必须用主动形式表示被动意义:

(1) want (need, demand, require, request) “需要”+ 动名词。例如:

These young seedlings will require looking after

He is ill; he needs sending to hospital.

Your hair demands cutting.

但在这这些动词后接不定式时,则必须用被动形式表被动意义。例如:The room needs to be cleaned.

He is ill; he needs to be sent to hospital.

2) be worth(值得)+动名词。例如:

The film is very instructive and is well worth seeing.

Life won't be worth living without friendship.

It's hardly worth mentioning.

被动语态:主动表被动形式

被动语态:主动表被动形式 1) 当open, close, shut, lock, move等用作不及物动词且表示主语的某种属性时,通常用主动形式表示被动意义: The door won’t shut. 这门关不上。 The supermarket doors shut automatically. 超市的门是自动关的。 【注】该用法的不及物动词通常与can’t, won’t 等连用,注意它与用被动语态含义不同:The window won’t shut. 这窗户关不上。(说明主语的属性——窗户有问题了) The window won’t be shut. 这窗户将不用关上。(窗户本身没问题,只是不用关) 有时可能用主动和被动形式均可,只是强调重点稍有不同:Suddenly the door opened. 突然门开了。(不强调动作执行者) The door was suddenly opened. 门突然被打开了。(强调动作执行者) 2)当read, wash,clean, cook, cut, wear, carry,sell 等用作不及物动词且表示主语的某种属性时,通常要用主动形式表示被动意义: The cloth washes well. 这种布料好洗。

The book sells quickly. 这书销售得快。 This cheese doesn’t cut easily. It’s too soft. 这乳酪不容易切,太软了。 This shirt will wear very long. 这衬衫可以穿很久。 【注】该用法通常与well, easily, slowly, quickly等副词连用,并且在用于以上意思时通常不宜直接使用被动语态形式。不过在某些特殊情况下也可用被动语态,只是含义稍有不同(用主动形式表示主语的属性,用被动形式表示动作执行者所执行的动作):The sentences read clearly. 这些句子读起来很清楚。(即这句子没有歧义) The sentences are read clearly. 这些句子被读得很清楚。(指读的人读得好) 另外,以上用法有时也可能用于进行时态: The vegetables are cooking.蔬菜正在煮着。 Is the book selling well? 这书销售情况如何? (3)某些表示开始和结束的动词(begin,start, finish, end等),当主语为事物且不强调动作的执行者时,可用主动形式表示被动意义: When does the concertbegin? 音乐会什么时候开始? The play ended at ten o’clock. 戏10点钟结束。

主动形式表被动意义

主动形式表被动意义 1. 1)系动词没有被动形式,但有些系动词常表示被动意义。常见的有taste(吃起来), sound (听起来), prove(证明是), feel(摸上去感到)等,例如: Your reason sounds reasonable. Good medicine tastes bitter to the mouth. 2)一些与can't(不能)或won't(不会)连用的动词。常用的有: lock(锁住), shut(关上) , open(打开), act(上演)等,例如: The door won't open. It can't move. 3)一些与well(很), easily(容易地), perfectly(十分地)等连用的动词,如: sell(销售) , wash(洗), clean(打扫), burn(燃烧), cook(煮)等,例如: The book sells well. These clothes wash well. 4)用在“主语+不及物动词+主语补语”句型中的一些不及物动词,例如: This material has worn thin. The dust has blownsintosthe house. 2. 1)动名词 be worth(值得), want (=need)(需要), need(需要), require(需要)后所用的动名词,必须用主动结构表示被动意义,例如: These young seedlings will require/need looking after (=need to be looked after) carefully. Your hair wants/needs cutting (needs to be cut). 2) 作定语:不定式结构常表示动宾关系,即用不定式的主动形式表示被动意义。这种情形最常出现在“There+be+主语+修饰主语的不定式”和“及物动词+宾语(或双宾语)+修饰宾语的不定式”结构中,特别是“主语+have+宾语+修饰宾语的不定式”结构中,例如: He has a family to support. There is a lot of work to do. 当然,这里的不定式在个别情形下也可用被动形式,含义区别不大,例如: There is so much work to do/to be done. 在“主语+be+形容词+不定式”句型中,有时主语是不定式结构的逻辑宾语,这是应用主动形式表示被动含义。适合于此结构的形容词比较多,最常用的有amusing(有趣的),

非谓语动词用主动表被动的八种情形

非谓语动词用主动表被动的八种情形 (1)不定式to blame, to let用作表语时,通常要用主动形式表示被动意义: Who is to blame?该怪谁呢? The house is to let.此屋出租。 (2)某些“be+形容词+to do”结构中的不定式通常要用主动形式表示被动意义: The question is difficult to answer.这问题很难回答。 Your writing is impossible to read.你的书写没法认。 Do you think the water is safe to drink?你认为这水喝起来安全吗? 【注】①这类结构的特点是句子主语就是其后不定式的逻辑宾语,按理说其中的不定式要用被动形式,但习惯上却要用主动表被动。这类形容词常见的有awkward, convenient,dangerous, difficult, easy, hard, impossible, interesting, nice, pleasant, safe, tough, tricky,unpleasant等。 ②有时形容词后跟有名词,在名词后用作定语的不定式用主动形式表示被动意义:It’s a difficult book to read.那是一本难读的书。 It is a pleasant thing to remember.这是一件值得记住的愉快的事。 ③有少数用于类似结构的形容词(如fit, ready, free等),其中的不定式用主动式和被动式均可: The water is not fit to drink [to be drunk].这水不适合饮用。 The letters are ready to post [to be posted].这信已准备好可以寄了。 (3)不定式用于某些动词(如have, have got, get, want, need等)的宾语后作定语时,如果不定式的逻辑主语就是句子的主语,则要用主动形式表示被动意义:

动词的语态2主动表被动

动词的语态2主动表被动 中学英语中主动表被动常见的六种形式 英语动词,通常都是主动形式表主动意义、被动形式表被动意义。但在有些情 况下,却要用主动形式表被动意义。现将这些情况总结如下: 1、某些系动词+形容词 常见的这类系动词有:look ,feel ,smell, sound, taste, prove, turn out(结果是,证明是)等。例如: This coat feels very soft and smooth. What he said sounds reasonable. The medicine tastes bitter. All he said proved (to be) true. The flowers smelling sweet (= which smell sweet) in the botanic garden attract the visitors to the beauty of nature. We wanted to get home before dark, but it didn’t quite turn out as planned. 2、某些用作不及物意义的动词+副词 常见的这类动词有:wash, clean, sell, read, write, lock, unlock, close ,shut ,open, break, tear, cut, read 等。 这时:(1)句子的主语通常指物。 (2)用来表示主语的内在品质、特征、状态或性质。 3) 通常和副词 easily, well, quickly, smoothly, badly, poorly, nicely, wonderfully, perfectly, (

主动形式表被动含义

我是英语专业的,或许能帮助你~!!楼主记得给分啊~!!2011—12--23 主动语态形式表示被动意义在初三英语教学当中,被动语态的学习是一个重点,学生常常在做选择填空和完形填空当中,会遇到一些用主动语态形式表示被动意义的题目,他们常常会犯一些错误。例如以下的一道选择题:The cotton very soft.(棉花摸起来很软)A、is felt B、feels C、was felt D、feel这道题的正确答案是B,而往往很多同学选择A。他们觉得应该用被动结构,其实这就是一个典型的“某些表示状态特征的系动词,就是用主动语态形式表示被动意义”的题目。为了避免学生再遇到类似的问题,犯同样的错误,本人觉得在初三复习当中,在不增加学生过多负担下,有必要将一些初中学生接触过的这一方面的内容,做一下简单的归纳。英语中主动语态形式并不都表示主动意义,有时可表示被动意义,因为被动语态不如主动语态用得普遍,在不引起误解的情况下,可用主动语态表示被动意义。常见的有以下几种情况。一、某些表示状态特征的系动词,如:look,sound,smell,taste等用主动语态形式表示被动意义。如:This kind of cloth feels very soft.这种布料摸起来很软。The music sounds beautiful. 这音乐听起来很美。The cake smells nice. 这蛋糕闻起来香。The meat tastes terrible. 这肉尝起来变味了。二、表示某些“需要、要求”意义的动词,如need、want、require等后的动名词的主动语态形式表示被动意义。如:The bike needs mending. 这辆自行车需要修理。Your hair wants cutting. 你的头发该理了。The story requires reading carefully.这篇故事需要仔细阅读。三、形容词worth后接的动名词用主动语态形式表示被动意义。The book is well worth reading. 这本书很值得读。The clock isn’t worth repairing. 这闹钟不值得修。The film is worth seeing. 这部电影值得一看。四、作表语的形容词,如difficult,easy,hard,nice,possible,impossible等之后的不定式作状语时,用主动语态形式表示被动意义。此时,不定式表示的动作与其主语一般为动宾关系。如:Is English difficult to learn? 英语难学吗?The maths problem is not easy to work out.这道数学题不容易解。I think apples are nice to eat.我认为苹果好吃。五、某些动词,如:lock,open,sell,wash等,特别是与副词badly,easily,well等连用时,常常用主动语态形式表示被动意义。如:The door won’t lock. 这门锁不上。This kind of colour TV sells well. 这种彩电很畅销。Does the cloth wash well?这布耐洗吗?The shop opens at eight in the morning.商店早上八点开门。六、不定式作定语,与被修饰动词的名词或代词构成被动关系,表示被动意义。如:I have lots of homework to do today.今天我有许多家庭作业要做。I want to get something to drink. 我想弄点喝的。Would you like something to eat?你想要点吃的吗?当然“学无定法”,英语的学习不能靠死记规则,关键要提高语感,真正养成用英语思维的习惯,才能做到活学活用。

动名词主动表被动的三种类型

在某些特殊结构中,动名词可以用主动形式表示被动意义,这主要见于以下几种情况: 一、“需要”型 在need, want, require几个表示“需要”的动词后,英语习惯上用动名词的主动形式表示被动意义。如: He needs encouraging. 他需要鼓励。 Your hair wants cutting. 你需要理发了。 The front gate requires mending. 前门需要修理。 从意义上看,以上三句的动名词均含有被动意味,但用的都是主动形式。不过,如果改用不定式,则要用被动式,如上面也可说成: He needs to be encouraged. 他需要鼓励。 Your hair wants to be cut. 你需要理发了。 The front gate requires to be mended. 前门需要修理。 二、“值得”型 这类词比较典型的有三个,它们是(be) worth, deserve, merit——它们后面跟的动名词习惯上要用主动式表示被动意义,不能直接使用被动式。如: The film is worth seeing twice. 这个片子值得看两遍。 None of it is worth keeping. 这东西一点儿也不值得保存。 They merit praising. 他们值得表扬 说明:从搭配上看,be worth 和merit 后只能跟动名词,不能跟不定式;而deserve 后则通常是接不定式的。如: They deserved to be congratulated. 他们值得祝贺。 She deserved to win because she was the best. 她有资格获胜,因为她是最优秀的。 只有当它后面所接动词具有被动意义时才可用动名词,且要用主动形式表示被动意义;此时若改成不定式,则要用被动形式。如: 我认为他的文章不值一读。 I don’t think his article deserves reading. =I don’t think his article deserves to be read.

主动表被动的13种情况

主动表示被动的13种情况回顾 主动表示被动的13种情况回顾 各位同学国庆节快乐: 被动语态是英语学习中的主要语法项目,是高考每年必考项目。 要想正确地使用被动语态,就须注意哪些动词是及物的,哪些是不及物的。特别是一词多义的动词往往有两种用法。 在英语学习中,有许多地方按中文思维要用被动语态,但英语表达思维方式就必须用主动表被动,这对许多学生来说是一个难点,常常让他们感到不好学,不好掌握。解决这一问题唯有在学习过程中多留意积累。在此小结如下13种主动表示被动的情况: 一、不及物动词与状语连用,用以表示主语的品质和状态常见动词是:cut, sell, read,write, fill, cook, lock, wash, drive, keep等。 1.This knife cuts well.这把刀好切。 2.These books sell well.这些书好卖。 3.The pen writes smoothly.这支笔写起来流畅。

4.Meat won’t keep long in such hot weather.肉 在这样热的天气里放不长久。 5.The cloth washes well.这种布好洗。 二、一些连系动词的主动式+形容词。常见动look,smell,taste,sound,feel,prove,turn out等。 1.The apples taste good. 2.The flower smells wonderful. 3.The news proved/turned out true. 4.Cotton feels soft. 三、不定式在某些形容词之后,且与主语有动宾关系。不定式修饰作表语和宾语补足语的形容词时,结构:主语+系动词+形容词+ 不定式;动词+宾语+形容词+不定式。如果形容词是表示难易、利弊等含义: 用于此结构的常见形容词有: hard,defficult,easy,heavy,fit,good,comfortable,conve nient,impossible,convenient, cheap, expensive,(便利的,方便的), 等。 1.The problem is easy to do. 2.The question is difficult to answer. 3.The box is heavy to carry.

动词的主动形式表示被动之意(附练习及答案)

动词的主动形式表示被动之意 一、系动词无被动语态:以主动形式表示被动之意 常见的系动词有: ①be 动词 ②. 起来(7 个):look/seem/appear, feel(感觉,摸起来),sou nd, smell, taste e.g. She seems/appears happy. It smells terrible. ③(逐渐)变得 /变成: become, grow, get, turn, come, go e.g. His wish has come true. People often went hungry in the old days. The tree is growing tall. ④保持: keep, stay e.g. We must keep quiet in the reading room. 二、下列动词(词组)没有被动式: 1、happen, take place, break out, belong to ,cost, take 2、不及物动词 sell, wash, read , write, open, close, shut, lock, wear 等,常用主动形式表示被动意义。 Ol、An accident was happened yesterday. (x)昨天发生了一起事故。 An accident happened yesterday. O2、 The flower smells sweet. 这花闻起来很香。 O3、 The watch looks good. 这表看起来很好。 O4、 This book sells well. 这本书畅销。 O5、 The kind of cloth washes well. 这种布很容易洗。 O6、 The article reads well. 这篇文章读起来很好。 O7、 The supermarket opens at 8:00 in the morning. 超市在早上八点钟营业。 08、The door won ' t close/sh这门关不上。 O9、 The door locks easily. 这门容易锁。

被动语态主动表被动

被动语态主动表被动 1) 表示状态特征的连系动词+adj./n.,用主动式表被动义。 (look,sound,feel,smell,taste, prove, appear,make,...) The steel feels cold. 2) 表示“开始、结束、运动”的动词用主动式表被动义。 (begin,open,start,stop,end,finish,shut, move,run,...) The shop opens at 6 am. every day. 3) 表示主语的属性特征的动词+副词well/ badly/easily/smoothly,用主动式表被动义。(read,write,set,sell,wash, clean, wear, open,cook,lock,shut,dry,eat,drink,...) The pen writes smoothly. 4) 作“需要”讲的want/need/require后接动名词作宾语时,用主动式表被动义;当然也可接不定式的被动式作宾语。Your jacket needs washing/ to be washed. 5) 不定式在某些形容词后作状语,且和句子的主语(或宾语)构成动宾关系时,用主动式表被动义。(difficult,easy,hard,fit,pleasant,good, comfortable,light,heavy, dangerous, safe,...) ? e fish is not fit to eat. 6) 不定式作后置定语,与被修饰的名词构成动宾关系,又和该句主语(或宾语)构成主谓关系时,用主动式表被动义; 但若用在there be结构中,主动、被动均可(口语中常用主动式)。 ?I have a lot of homework to do. ?There are many things to do/to be done. 7) be to blame表示“应受批评,责备”,用主动式表被动义。The boy is to blame for what he has done. 8)不及物动词和一些不及物动词短语没有被动语态。 ?rise,happen,succeed,remain,... ?take place,break out,belong to,lose heart,consist of,add up to,... 9)含双宾语的主动句变被动句,一般变间接宾语(指人)为主语较多。若把直接宾语(指物)改为主语,则在间接宾语前加上适当的介词。 ?在下列动词后,常在间接宾语前加to: bring, give, hand, lend, offer, pass, sell,show,pay,promise,take,teach, etc. ?在下列动词后,常在间接宾语前加for: buy,build,cook,cut,choose,find,fetch,do,fix,get,keep,make,order,paint,sing,etc. 注意:see,watch,hear,notice,feel,make, listen to, look at等动词/短语后作宾语补语的不定式都不带to;但改成被动语态后必须带to。

主动形式表示被动含义的用法归纳

主动形式表示被动含义的用法归纳 主动语态表示被动含义是学习语态的难点,也是高考考查的热点。现归纳如下: [考查热点1] 感官动词常用作系动词(如taste,feel,smell ,sound,look,smell等),常用主动形式表示被动含义。例如:How sweet the music sounds! The flowers smell sweet. That sounds very reasonable. [考查热点2] 某些动词如cut,drive,pay,write,read,sell,keep,prove,weigh,number,drink,wear,pay,wash,open,cost,lock,last等常用主动形式表被动含义,这时常和well,easily,perfectly,badly,slowly等方式副词连用,这种用法多用来说明主语的特征、性质或所处的状态等。例如: The pen writes quite smoothly. The book sells well. [考查热点3]在too…to结构中常用不定式的主动形式表示被动含义。例如: It's too good a chance to miss. [考查热点4] 有些及物动词如cook,burn,print,prepare等有时会用进行时态表示被动含义。例如: The potatoes are cooking. The dictionary is printing. [考查热点5] 在“need/want/require+V-ing”及“bear/stand+V-ing”结构中用动名词的主动形式表示被动含义,这时相当于不定式的被动式。例如: My car needs/wants/requires repairing.=My car needs/wants/requires to be repaired. [考查热点6]在There be句型中,something,anything,nothing等不定代词以及名词之后的不定式往往用主动形式表示被动含义。例如: There is nothing to do — I'm bored. There are six letters to write tonight. [考查热点7] be+to blame/to seek等结构具有的特点是作表语的不定式与句子的主语有逻辑上的动宾关系,因而用主动形式表被动含义。例如: A better way is to seek. Nobody is to blame for the accident. [考查热点8] 当不定式所修饰的名词或代词是及物动词的直接宾语,而间接宾语是不定式的逻辑主语时,可以用不定式的主动式代替不定式的被动式。例如:

主动表被动的13种情况

主动表示被动的13种情况回顾 一、不及物动词与状语连用,用以表示主语的品质和状态常见动词是:cut, sell, read,write, fill, cook, lock, wash, drive, keep等。 1.This knife cuts well.这把刀好切。 2.These books sell well.这些书好卖。 3.The pen writes smoothly.这支笔写起来流 畅。 4.Meat won’t keep long in such hot weather. 肉在这样热的天气里放不长久。 5.The cloth washes well.这种布好洗。 二、一些连系动词的主动式+形容词。常见动look,smell,taste,sound,feel,prove,turn out 等。 1.The apples taste good. 2.The flower smells wonderful. 3.The news proved/turned out true. 4.Cotton feels soft. 三、不定式在某些形容词之后,且与主语有动宾关系。不定式修饰作表语和宾语补足语的形容词

时,结构:主语+系动词+形容词 + 不定式;动词+宾语+形容词+不定式

。如果形容词是表示难易、利弊等含义: 用于此结构的常见形容词 hard,defficult,easy,heavy,fit,good,comfortabl e,convenient,impossible,convenient, cheap, expensive,(便利的,方便的), 等。 1.The problem is easy to do. 2.The question is difficult to answer. 3.The box is heavy to carry. 4.The project is impossible to complete in a year. 5.The question is difficult to answer.这 个问题很难回答。 6.The work is easy to do.这项工作很好做。 7.I found the car comfortable to ride in. 我觉得这种车很好坐。 8.They think it difficult to finish the work in such bad weather.他们认为在这样恶劣 的天气里很难完成这项工作。 9.That makes poetry difficult to write.那 就使得诗很难写。

英语主动表被动用法归纳

英语主动表被动用法归纳 一、谓语动词用主动表被动的五种情形 (1)某些连系动词(如look, sound, smell, feel, taste, prove等)要用主动表被动,因为连系动词为不及物动词,它们没有被动语态形式: That dog looks dangerous. 那只狗看起来很危险。 Your idea sounds a good one. 你的想法听起来很好。 My advice proved to be wrong. 我的意见证实是错的。 (2)当open, close, shut, lock, move等用作不及物动词且表示主语的某种属性时,通常用主动形式表示被动意义: The door won’t shut. 这门关不上。 The supermarket doors shut automatically. 超市的门是自动关的。 【注】该用法的不及物动词通常与can’t, won’t 等连用,注意它与用被动语态含义不同:The window won’t shut. 这窗户关不上。(说明主语的属性——窗户有问题了) The window won’t be shut. 这窗户将不用关上。(窗户本身没问题,只是不用关) 有时可能用主动和被动形式均可,只是强调重点稍有不同: Suddenly the door opened. 突然门开了。(不强调动作执行者) The door was suddenly opened. 门突然被打开了。(强调动作执行者) (3)当read, wash, clean, cook, cut, wear, carry等用作不及物动词且表示主语的某种属性时,通常要用主动形式表示被动意义: The cloth washes well. 这种布料好洗。 The book sells quickly. 这书销售得快。 This cheese doesn’t cut easily. It’s too soft. 这乳酪不容易切,太软了。 This shirt will wear very long. 这衬衫可以穿很久。 【注】该用法通常与well, easily, slowly, quickly等副词连用,并且在用于以上意思时通常不宜直接使用被动语态形式。不过在某些特殊情况下也可用被动语态,只是含义稍有不同(用主动形式表示主语的属性,用被动形式表示动作执行者所执行的动作):The sentences read clearly. 这些句子读起来很清楚。(即这句子没有歧义) The sentences are read clearly. 这些句子被读得很清楚。(指读的人读得好) 另外,以上用法有时也可能用于进行时态: The vegetables are cooking. 蔬菜正在煮着。 Is the book selling well? 这书销售情况如何?

动词不定式主动形式表示被动意义

动词不定式主动形式表示被动意义 1、look ,feel ,smell, sound, taste等系动词在句中做谓语 This coat feels very soft and smooth. Her voice sounds very pleasant.. The dishes taste delicious. 2.有些动词做不及物动词,用来表示主语的内在品性或性质。 如:wash, clean, cook, iron, cut , sell, read, wear, feel , draw, write , sell 等 The book sells well. This knife cuts easily. My new pen writes well. 3.在need , require, want , worth (adj )后的动名词可以主动表被动 The door needs repairing. This book is worth reading. Her mother is ill .She needs looking after. 4.在疑问词what/which/whom+不定式结构中,主动表被动 I don’t know which to choose . He asked me what to do . 5.在某些固定句型中, 动词不定式作定语, 用主动形式表被动意义。 1)have(give, show)sth. to do 在这种句型中的不定式与前边的名词有动宾关系, 又和句中另一名词或代词构成主谓关系。例如: I have a lot of things to do this afternoon. to do与things是动宾关系, 与I是主谓关系。否则, 在表示被动意义时, 仍需要被动式。试比较: Have you anything to do this afternoon? 今天下午你有事要做吗? (to do是由you发出的) Have you anything to be taken to your parents? 你有要带给你父母的东西吗? (谁带不得而知) 再如: Please get me something to read. 请给我弄点读的材料。 He'll show you the right path to take. 他会给你指出要走的正确的路。 There is much work to do. Have you any questions to ask? Would you like something to drink? 2)It(This, That)+be+a/an+adj. + n. +to do 在这种句型中, 不定式与前面的名词有动宾关系。动词不定式可改为动词不定式复合结构。 例如: This is a difficult question to answer. 这是个难答的问题。 question与to answer为动宾关系。to answer可改为 for me to answer。

不定式主动表被动

首先,要先明确不定式被动式的意义:如果不定式的逻辑主语是动作的承受者,不定式需用被动语态 例:He dislikes to be praised in public. 他不喜欢当众被表扬。(“他”作为动作"praise"的承受者,故用不定式) 用主动表被动的情况: 1、句中存在名词或代词可以作为不定式的逻辑主语,构成逻辑上的主谓关系 例:Mr.Bird gave the dog a few bones to eat. 这里是dog eat bone,也就是说是狗作为不定式中“吃”这个动作的主语,所以,可以用主动表被动 如果不具有这种结构,则仍需要用被动 例:The news reporter raised a few questions to be answered. 记者提了几个问题有待回答。(这里问题是由别人回答,而句中未出现具体有谁回答,也就是“answer”这个动词没有出现具体主语,所以要用被动) 2、在“形容词+不定式”的结构中,如果不定式与句子主语构成逻辑上的动宾关系,用主动表被动 例:The plane is dangerous to fly. 这架飞机开起来很危险 句中是“开” “飞机”,不定式中的动词"fly"与主语“plane”构成动词与宾语的关系 3、在there be结构中,用不定式主动表被动 例:There is always much housework to do in the house. 这里用to do而非to be done,一定要记住~ 4、在特定句子中要用主动表被动 例: 1)The house is to let. 这房子待出租。(用to let ,而非to be let) 2)He is not to blame. 他不该被责备

英语中主动形式表被动的用法

英语中主动形式表被动的用法 1.表示被动含义的主动动词 1)系动词没有被动形式,但有些系动词常表示被动意义。常见的有taste(吃起来), sound (听起来), prove(证明是), feel(摸上去感到)等,例如: Your reason sounds reasonable. 你的理由听起来很合理。 Good medicine tastes bitter to the mouth. 良药苦口。 2)一些与can't(不能)或won't(不会)连用的动词。常用的有: lock(锁住), shut(关上) , open(打开,营业), close(关门), cut(切割), weigh(重), act(上演),例如: The door won't open. 这门打不开。 It can't move. 它不能动。 This shop opens much earlier than it used to. Each stone weighs 2 tons. 3)一些与well(很), easily(容易地), perfectly(十分地)等连用的动词,如: sell, wash, clean, burn, cook, wash, write, last, read, wear等。这种“动词+副词”结构,常表示事物内部特有的属性。例如: The book sells well. 这种书很畅销。 These clothes wash well. 这些衣服很耐洗。 4) 用在“主语+不及物动词+主语补语”句型中的一些不及物动词, 例如: This material has worn thin. 这料子已磨薄了。 The dust has blown into the house. 灰尘被风吹进了房子。 This kind of cloth washes well and lasts long. The pen my father gave me as a birthday gift writes smoothly. Written in simple English, this article reads easily. 5) 某些不及物动词,如happen, occur, cost以及短语,如come out(出版), come up (出现), come into being(产生)come to one’s mind(想起), turn out(证明是), come about(发生), break out(爆发), belong to(属于)等,本身表被动含义,所以它们常用主动形式。 The first textbooks written for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 18th century. Suddenly an idea came to his mind. It never occurred to me to phone you. 2.表示被动含义的主动结构 1)动名词 be worth(值得), want (=need)(需要), need(需要), require(需要)deserve(应该)等后所用的动名词,必须用主动结构表示被动意义,例如: These young seedlings will require/need looking after (=need to be looked after) carefully. 这些幼苗将需要小心的照管。 Your hair wants/needs cutting (needs to be cut). 你的头发该剪了。

主动表被动

主动表被动 一、谓语动词用主动表被动的四种情形 (1) 连系动词没有被动语态形式(如look, sound, smell, feel, taste, prove等)要用主动表被动,: That dog looks dangerous. 那只狗看起来很危险。 Your idea sounds a good one. 你的想法听起来很好。 My advice proved to be wrong. 我的意见证实是错的。 (2) open, close, shut, lock, move等表示主语的某种属性时,通常用主动形式表示被动意义: The door won’t shut. 这门关不上。 The supermarket doors shut automatically. 超市的门是自动关的。 【注】该用法的不及物动词通常与can’t, won’t 等连用 (3) read, wash, clean, cook, cut, wear, carry等表示主语的某种属性时,通常用主动形式表示被动意义:The cloth washes well. 这种布料好洗。 The book sells quickly. 这书销售得快。 This cheese doesn’t cut easily. It’s too soft. 这乳酪不容易切,太软了。 This shirt will wear very long. 这衬衫可以穿很久。 【注】该用法通常与well, easily, slowly, quickly等副词连用 (4) 表示开始和结束的动词(begin, start,end等),当主语为事物,可用主动形式表示被动意义: When does the concert begin? 音乐会什么时候开始? The play ended at ten o’clock. 戏10点钟结束。 二、非谓语动词用主动表被动的六种情形 (1) 不定式to blame, to let,to seek用作表语时,通常要用主动形式表示被动意义: Who is to blame? 该怪谁呢? The house is to let. 此屋出租。 The reason is not far to seek. 这理由不难找到。 (2) 某些“be+形容词+to do”或者“动词+宾语+形容词++to do。结构中的不定式通常要用主动形式表示被动意义: The question is difficult to answer. 这问题很难回答。 Your writing is impossible to read. 你的书写没法认。 Do you think the water is safe to drink? 你认为这水喝起来安全吗? I found the car comfortable to ride in. That makes poetry difficult to write. 【注】这类结构的特点是句子主语就是其后不定式的逻辑宾语,按理说其中的不定式要用被动形式,但习惯上却要用主动表被动。这类形容词常见的有convenient, dangerous, difficult, easy, hard, impossible, interesting, nice, pleasant, safe, fit等。 (3) 不定式用于某些动词(如have, get, want, need等)的宾语后作定语时,如果不定式的逻辑主语就是句子的主语,则要用主动形式表示被动意义:

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