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新视野大学英语第三版读写教程第三册课后答案

新视野3答案Unit 1

Text A

V ocabulary

deviate

vi.

start doing sth. different from what is expected or agreed 背离；偏离

preclude

vt.

(fml.) prevent sth. or make sth. impossible 阻碍；阻止；妨碍

Better options may come along later, and taking the first option will preclude them from being free for the later and better ones. 后面可能会出现更好的选择，选了第一个他们就无法自由选择后面更好的了。

premier

(only before noun) best, largest, or most important 最好的；最大的；最重要的The best women players from 56 nations began to compete for what is the premier team prize in women's tennis. 来自56个国家的最好的女子选手开始竞夺女子网球最重要的团体奖。

[C] a prime minister 首相；总理

Today's paper reports that the premier has given up the idea of visiting his hometown. 今天的报纸报道说，总理已经放弃了访问其故乡的想法。

whereby

ad.

(fml.) used for saying that sth. is done according to the method, arrangement, rule, etc. that has been referred to 凭那个；借以

Officials proposed a system of double-checking on traders whereby they would be obliged to list every item exported and imported. 官员们提出了一个对贸易商进行复核的制度，这样贸易商将被迫列出进出口的每一个项目。

civic

a. (only before noun)

1 relating to the people who live in a town or city or the duties and responsibilities

that they have as citizens 公民的；市民的

She felt it was her civic duty to give the police the names of the destroyers. 她觉得向警察提供那些破坏者的名字是她作为一个市民的责任。

2 relating to a town or city 城镇的；城市的

He takes on a lot of responsibilities, both at work and in civic affairs. 在工作和市政事务方面他承担了许多责任。

patriotic

feeling a lot of love, respect, and duty toward your country 爱国的；有爱国心的The Chinese people have a glorious patriotic tradition, and they are great peace-loving people. 中国人民具有光荣的爱国传统，是伟大的、热爱和平的人民。

clear-cut

definite and easy to understand, recognize, or make a decision about 明确的；清楚的You have to be really clear-cut about who you are and what you're trying to achieve. 你必须真正清楚你是谁，你想达到什么目的。

inhibit

vt.

make it difficult for a process to start or continue in a normal way 阻碍；妨碍；抑制This strict supervision of their activities will make them less decisive and may inhibit them from giving orders or taking charge of the situation. 对他们行动的这种严密监控将使他们优柔寡断，还可能会妨碍他们发布命令、掌控局势。

scholarly

1 sb. who is scholarly knows a lot about a particular subject or studies sth. seriously 博学的；学问精深的

This extraordinarily scholarly young man had already advanced far in the study of art. 这位学问极其渊博的年轻人已经在艺术研究领域取得了卓越的成绩。

2 connected with scholars or the formal study of a subject 学者的；学术的Recently, scholarly research is showing that marriage, by and large, makes people happier, healthier, and better off financially. 近来，学术研究大多显示婚姻使人更幸福健康，经济上更富裕。

idiot

[C] (infml.) sb. who behaves in an extremely stupid way 笨蛋；傻子

bypass

vt.

1 avoid dealing with sb. or sth., esp. because you think you can achieve sth. more quickly without using them （做某事时）避开，越过（某人）

A flexible plan can allow us to bypass unnecessary tasks and ignore unimportant interruptions. 一个灵活的计划可以让我们避开不必要的任务，忽略不重要的干扰。

2 avoid the center of a town or city by using a road that goes round it 绕过；绕…走Roadways, bridges, overpasses, and interchanges could run through or bypass urban areas. 公路、桥梁、天桥和立体交叉道穿过或绕过城区。

persecution

[C, U] extremely bad treatment of sb., esp. because of their race, religion, or political beliefs （尤指因种族、宗教或政治信仰而进行的）迫害，残害

Unfortunately, the persecution of religious minorities has been common in the history of the world. 遗憾的是，在世界历史上，对宗教少数派的迫害很常见。misfortune

1 [C] sth. harmful or unpleasant that happens to sb. 不幸的事；灾难

Very often, comedians use the misfortunes in their personal life to create jokes and make other people laugh. 很常见的是，喜剧演员用他们个人生活中的不幸来制造笑料，给其他人带来笑声。

2 [U] bad luck 厄运；不幸

I have no doubt that the misfortune of a serious illness in his family caused his financial difficulties. 我可以肯定他家人不幸得了重病导致他经济困难。

glamor

[U] a special quality that makes a person, place, or situation seem very exciting, attractive, or fashionable 魅力；吸引力

She has the glamor of a movie star as it is rarely seen in office environments. 她具有

电影明星的魅力，而这种魅力在职场是很少见的。

glamorous

attractive and interesting in an exciting and unusual way 极富魅力的；非常吸引人的She became an entertainment journalist because she wanted to spend her working life

in the glamorous world of celebrities and top politicians. 她成为了一名娱乐新闻记者，因为她想在风光无限、满是社会名流和著名政治家的圈子里工作。

tragic

causing or involving great sadness, because sb. suffers or dies 可悲的；悲惨的；不

幸的；悲剧性的

When she heard about her husband's tragic experience, she could hardly choke back her tears. 当她听到自己丈夫的不幸经历时，几乎无法抑制住自己的眼泪。

spur

[C] sth. that encourages sb. to do sth. 刺激；激励；鞭策；鼓舞

The soccer team's manager said that the team's success on Saturday would be a spur which would lead to even greater effort this season. 这支足球队的经理说球队周六的胜利将会鼓舞球队在本赛季更加努力。

vt.

1 encourage sb. to do sth. 刺激；激励；鞭策；鼓舞

The promise of bonuses or gifts can spur workers to higher achievement. 承诺给工

人奖金或礼品可以激励他们取得更大的成绩。

2 cause sth. to happen 使发生

The discovery of diamonds and gold spurred wealth and immigration in this region.

钻石和黄金的发现使该地区财富激增，并引发了涌往该地区的移民潮。optimism

[U] a tendency to be hopeful and to expect that good things will probably happen 乐观；乐观主义

Although they were poor, disabled or ill, they faced life with optimism and vigor. 虽然他们贫穷、残疾或疾病缠身，但他们乐观而充满活力地面对生活。dedication

[U] the large amount of time and effort that sb. spends on sth. 奉献；献身

The volunteers' dedication and support have been invaluable for the Art Association's funds and for managing them effectively. 在艺协基金及其有效管理上，志愿者的奉献和支持是非常宝贵的。

commend

vt. (fml.)

1 praise sb. or sth. formally or publicly （正式或公开）表扬，称赞，表彰

I would like to commend you for the support you give with your excellent articles to rural artists and craftspeople. 我十分赞赏你通过精彩的文章而给予农村艺术家和手艺人的支持。

2 tell sb. that a person or thing is good, useful, or suitable 推荐

I don't usually commend everyone who does a good job; I only commend people who do an excellent job. 对工作干得好的人我不是都推荐，我只推荐工作成绩优异的人。

uphold

vt.

(fml.) show that you support sth. such as an idea by what you say or do 支持；拥护；维护

The president swore to uphold the constitution. 总统宣誓维护宪法。

endeavor

[C, U] an effort to do sth., esp. sth. new or difficult 努力；尽力

Driving is a serious endeavor and all drivers must remain alert, awake, and aware to reduce the number of accidents on the roads. 驾车是一个严肃认真的行为，所有的司机都必须保持警觉，头脑清醒，尽力减少道路事故的发生。

vi.

(fml.) (~ to do sth.) try very hard to do sth. 努力做（某事）；尽力做（某事）They endeavor to tell the stories behind each picture, allowing visitors to see paintings of landscapes with a greater understanding. 他们尽力去讲述每幅画背后的故事，让参观者欣赏风景画时有更深层的理解。

statesman

[C] an experienced political leader that many people respect 政治家

diligent

(fml.) sb. who is diligent works very hard and very carefully 勤奋的；用功的

Both ants and bees are extremely diligent insects. Therefore, we have a saying for a person who works very carefully and hard: "He is as diligent as a bee." 蚂蚁和蜜蜂

都是极其勤劳的昆虫。因此，对那些工作认真努力的人，我们有句俗话说得好：“他像蜜蜂一样勤劳。”

diligently

ad.

勤奋地

He worked diligently and spent long hours in the laboratory. 他工作勤奋，大量的时间都花费在了实验室。

pursuit

[U] the process of trying to achieve sth. 追求；寻求

The main reason for the changes was the pursuit of profit. 作出这些改变主要是为

了追求利润。

ranch

[C] a very large farm in the western US or Canada, where cows, horses, or sheep are bred （美国或加拿大西部的）大牧场

prestige

[U] the high reputation and respect that sb. or sth. has earned, based on their impressive achievements, quality, etc. 声望；名望；威信

The old universities of Oxford and Cambridge still have a lot of prestige. 古老的牛

津大学和剑桥大学仍然享有很高的声望。

circuit

n. [C]

1 a series of places that are regularly visited by sb. involved in a particular activity （与某种活动相关的人）定期前往的一系列场所

2 the complete path that an electric current flows around 电路；回路；线路

3 a journey all the way around the edge of sth. 环形路线

unprecedented

1 never having happened or existed before 前所未有的；史无前例的

The vice-president would take the unprecedented step of using federal money to raise the salaries of some teachers. 副总统将采取史无前例的措施，利用联邦基金来提高部分教师的工资。

2 the greatest in size, amount, degree, etc. that has ever been known （大小、数量、程度等）前所未知的，空前的

In the late 1950s, the slaughter of dolphins began on an unprecedented scale. 20世纪50年代后期，对海豚前所未有的大规模屠杀开始了。

nominate

vt.

officially suggest that sb. should be given a job, or that sb. or sth. should receive a prize 提名；推荐

The private school's director nominated Mr. Williams as his official representative at the conference. 在这次会议上，该私立学校的校董提名威廉斯先生为他的官方代表。

appoint

vt.

1 choose sb. to do a particular job or have a particular position 任命；委派；指派He was hospitalized last week, the next day after he was appointed to the finance ministry. 他上周在被委派到财政部任职后的第二天就住院了。

2 (fml.) choose a time or place for sth. to happen 确定，指定，约定（时间或地点）His young instructor failed to turn up at the appointed time. 在约定的时间，他的年轻导师没能出现。

abortion

[C] a medical operation in which a developing baby is removed from a woman's body so that it is not born alive 人工流产；堕胎

expend

vt.

(fml.) use time, energy, money, etc. to do sth. 花费；消耗；支出

We will have to expend all our energies on the development of our communities rather than on political party quarrels. 我们必须把所有的精力放在社会发展上，而不是政党之争上。

threat

1 [C, U] a situation or activity that could cause harm or danger 危害；威胁

Even the most security-conscious computer user is under constant threat from computer viruses. 即使是最具有安全意识的计算机用户也常常面临计算机病毒

的威胁。

2 [C] an occasion when sb. says that they will cause you harm or problems, esp. if you do not do what they tell you to do 恐吓；威胁

Officials say they received a bomb threat at about 9:30 a.m. 官员们说上午9:30左右他们收到了炸弹恐吓。

inward

1 (only before noun) felt or experienced in your own mind but not obvious to other people 内心的；精神的

The story caters to everyone's inward yearning for success. 这个故事迎合了大家内心追求成功的渴望。

2 going toward the inside or center of sth. 向内的；向中心的

It is useful to consider the external and inward factors of landscaping for the new building. 考虑一下新建筑环境美化的内外部因素是有用的。

robust

1 firm and determined 坚定的；强硬的

I would prefer to take a robust attitude. 我宁愿采取坚定的态度。

2 (of a person) strong and healthy （人）强壮的，强健的

The healthy and robust young man has a glorious future before him. 这个年轻人身强力壮，前途辉煌。

maintain

vt.

make sth. stay the same; keep 保持；维持

Only a few people nowadays are able to maintain friendships into adulthood. 如今只有少数人能将友谊维持到成年了。

slack

vi.

try to avoid working 偷懒；逃避工作

He felt so tired after the long journey that he ignored his job and began to slack off when he was at work. 长途旅行后他感到非常疲倦，于是对工作漠不关心，开始

在工作中偷懒。

1 loose and not pulled tight 松弛的；不紧的

After being washed too many times, the elastic band in her skirt became slack, and

she had to replace it with a new one. 她裙子上的松紧带洗的次数太多了，都变松了，她不得不换了条新的。

2 not taking enough care to make sure sth. is done well 松懈的；懈怠的；疏忽的Since he came into power one month ago, the new mayor has done a lot to change the slack image of his city's government. 自从一个月前上任以来，新市长做了许多工

作来改变市政府的懒散形象。

transcend

vt.

(fml.) become free of negative attitudes, thoughts, or feelings that limit what you can achieve 超越，摆脱（消极的态度、思想或情绪）

She was able to transcend her own suffering and help others. 她能够战胜自身的痛

苦并帮助他人。

handicap

n. [C]

1 a disadvantage that prevents you from doing sth. well 障碍；不利条件

Smoking is a known handicap to sleep. 人们已知吸烟对睡眠不利。

2 (old-fashioned) a physical or mental injury or illness that is severe and permanent （身体或智力的）缺陷，残疾（该词现在被认为具冒犯义）

Often some physical or mental handicap prevents a child from learning. 身体或智力

上的某种缺陷常常妨碍孩子学习。

feat

[C] sth. impressive that sb. does 技艺；业绩；功绩

This feat has never been approached by any player in baseball history. 在棒球历史上，这一业绩还没有任何选手达到过。

Phrases and expressions

remove sth. / sb. from sth.

take sth. or sb. away from a place 移开；拿开；去掉；从…机构开除

The new computerized system removed 700 people from their jobs. 新系统的计算机化使得700人失去了工作。

deviate from sth.

be different from sth.; do sth. differently from what is usual or expected 背离；偏离；违背

Those who deviate from one part of the plan are almost certain to deviate from the whole in the end. 偏离部分计划的人最终几乎一定会背离整体计划。

preclude sb. from doing sth.

prevent sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事；妨碍某人做某事

write sb. / sth. off

decide that sb. or sth. is a failure or not worth paying any attention to 认定…失败（或没有价值、不可救药等）

Don't write John off too soon; he may surprise you! 不要过早放弃约翰，他也许会出乎你的意料！

fail in sth.

not be successful in achieving sth. 做…失败；未能做到…

I'm sorry to tell you that your friend failed in his attempt to get the position. 很抱歉地告诉你，你朋友争取得到这个职位的尝试失败了。

triumph over

defeat sb. or sth.; be successful 打败；战胜；成功

The Qin triumphed over six rival states and emerged as the only power posed to unify China. 秦国战胜了六国对手，成为统一中国的唯一强权。

in (the) pursuit of sth.

in the process of looking for or trying to find sth. 在追求…的过程中；在寻求…的过程中

Unfortunately, not every magazine is produced and edited in the pursuit of excellence. 遗憾的是，不是每本杂志的制作和编辑都力求卓越。

work one's way to / through / into

achieve sth. gradually by working （通过努力）逐步达到

He spent 16 years with one company and worked his way into a top management position. 他在一家公司干了16年，通过努力最后成为了公司高层。

act as

perform a particular role or function 充当；起作用

My dictionaries act as great helpers in my study. 我的字典是我学习中的好帮手。fall down

fail because of a particular reason or in a particular way 不足；不够好

The local authority is falling down on the job of keeping the streets clean. 地方政府没能做好保持街道整洁的工作。

Proper names

Winston Churchill 温斯顿? 丘吉尔（1874-1965，英国保守党政治家，二战期间担任英国首相，1951-1955年再度出任英国首相）

Harrow 哈罗公学（Harrow School，位于伦敦西北角，英国历史悠久的著名公学之一）

Albert Einstein 阿尔伯特? 爱因斯坦（1879-1955，美国物理学家、数学家）Thomas Edison 托马斯? 爱迪生（1847-1931，美国发明家）

Abraham Lincoln 亚伯拉罕? 林肯（1809-1865，美国第16任总统）

Sandra Day O'Connor 桑德拉? 戴? 奥康纳（1930-，美国首位联邦最高法院女法官）

Stanford Law School 斯坦福大学法学院

Supreme Court Justice （美国）最高法院大法官

Reading comprehensive——Understanding

1.He achieved fame for his wit, wisdom, civic duty, and abundant courage.

2.They were thought to be slow learners in childhood, but they overcame their childhood difficulties and made magnificent discoveries that benefit the entire world today.

3.His strong will.

4.It means to keep their focus on achieving a positive end result, instead of letting small problems get in the way of good results.

5.Because they have the will to overcome profound obstacles and to work diligently in the pursuit of their goals, and have the passion for success.

6.Because firms preferred to hire less qualified men rather than risk hiring a female lawyer, which was unprecedented.

7.We should never give up on our dream, and one day we can change the world and make it a better place.

8.The secret of success is built upon a burning inward desire — a robust, fierce will and focus — that fuels the determination to act, to keep preparing, to keep going even when we are tired and fail.

Reading comprehensive——Critical thinking 1.You may have tried and failed many times before you finally get success. But it does not matter. What matters is whether you can summon up (鼓起) all your courage again and again to face the hardships standing in the way of success.

2.Luck, talent, good relationships with your colleagues, etc.

3.? When I have realized that I am pursuing something that is hard to achieve, I would try to stick to the goal. But I will begin to think of what I can do to improve the situation. When it still doesn't work, I would try to analyze what the problem is and then make some changes and probably reset my goal.

? Yes, sometimes we are pursuing the wrong goal which can never be achieved, only to find ourselves in deep frustration and profound fatigue. In this situation, I may give up the wrong goal and set up another goal that is achievable.

4.? Following the guidance of senior people.

? Getting sound advice from our parents.

? Setting a correct goal.

? Achieving success step by step.

? Developi ng good interpersonal relationships.

Language focus——Words in use

1.whereby

2.pursuit

3.inhibit

4.maintain

5.patriotic

6.transcended

7.endeavors

8.dedication

9.prestige 10.nominate

Language focus——Word Building：practice 1

1.inhabit

2.participant

3.attendant

4.pollutant

5.descendant

6.contestant

7.tolerant

8.resultant/resultful

9.neglectful 10.resourceful 11.boastful

12.respectful

Language focus——Word Building：practice 2

1.resultant

2.tolerant

3.pollutants

4.inhabited

5.contestants

6.descendants

7.attendants

8.respectful

9.participants 10.neglectful 11.resourceful

12.boastful

Language focus——Banked cloze

1.eventually

2.premier

3.endeavor

4.bypass

5.handicaps

https://www.sodocs.net/doc/697270630.html,mitted

7.attained 8.transcend 9.feats 10.slightest

Language focus——Expressions in use

1.removed from

2.failed in

3.in the pursuit of

4.deviated from

5.precludes...from

6.triumph over

7.work their way into

8.written off

Structure analysis and writing ——Structure writing——Practice

新视野大学英语读写教程__第三册(vocabulary答案+翻译)

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