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计算机专业英语答案

Computing Essentials 2008课后练习题答案详解

Chapter 1: Information Technology, The Internet, and Y ou

Crossword Puzzle Answers:

Across

Num. Clue Answer

1 The most essential part of an information system. People

7 Coordinates computer resources. Operating System

10 Modifies signals for processing. Modem

12 Data that has been processed by the computer. Information

13 Unprocessed facts. Data

14 Notebook computer that accepts handwritten input.. Tablet PC

Down

Num. Clue Answer

2 Uses computers to become more productive. End User

3 Rules or guidelines to follow when using software, hardware, and data. Procedures

4 Created by word processors. Document Files

5 Specialized programs that allow input and output devices to communicate. Device Drivers

6 Created by database management programs. Database Files

8 The physical equipment of a microcomputer. H ardware

9 The world’s largest computer network.Internet

13 Provides step-by-step instructions to the computer. Software

Num Multiple Choice Answers Matching Answers

1 B E

2 B F

3 A I

4 B H

5 D A

6 D C

7 A G

8 C B

9 D D

10 D J

Chapter 2: The Internet, The Web, and Electronic Commerce

Crossword Puzzle Answers:

Across

Num. Clue Answer

2 Provide users a connection to the Internet. ISP

3 Unwelcome e-mail. Spam

5 Explore the Web. Surf

7 Internet uploading and downloading service. FTP

8 Steals credit card information. Carder

9 A file, such as a document or worksheet, that is attached to an e-mail message.

Attachment

10 Involves the sale of a product to another business.B2B

13 Connection to Web resources. L ink

15 Process of transferring information from a remote computer to the computer one is using.

Download

Down

Num. Clue Answer

1 The sites that a search engine returns after running a keyword search. Hits

4 Special program written in Java. Applet

5 Locates information online. Search Engine

6 Location of Web resource. URL

11 Program that provides access to Web Browser

12 Used to block certain sites. Filter

14 Provides high-speed connection using existing telephone lines. DSL

Num Multiple Choice Answers Matching Answers

1 d i

2 a d

3 c g

4 c e

5 a f

6 a c

7 a h

8 a j

9 d a

10 b b

Chapter 3: Basic Application Software

Crossword Puzzle Answers:

Across

Num. Clue Answer

4 Rectangular area that contains messages. Window

5 System to organize and retrieve data. DBMS

8 Collection of individual applications. Software Suite

10 Rearrange records using a field.Sort

11 Formed by intersection of row and column. Cell

14 Collection of related data. Database

16 Flyer, report, newsletter, Web page. Document

17 These make up a presentation. Slides

18 Question or request for data in a database. Query

Down

Num. Clue Answer

1 List of commands. Menu

2 Rectangular grid of rows and columns used in programs like Excel.Worksheet

3 Has records and fields. Table

6 Controls format and placement of slides. Master Slide

7 Requests user input. Dialog Box

9 Moves insertion point to next line. Word Wrap

12 Series of cells. Range

13 A vertical block of cells one cell wide. Column

15 Contain buttons and menus. Toolbars

Num Multiple Choice Answers Matching Answers

1 D J

2 D A

3 B C

4 D H

5 D B

6 A D

7 B I

8 B E

9 C G

10 D F

Chapter 4: Specialized Application Software

Crossword Puzzle Answers:

Across

Num. Clue Answer

2 Used to create real-time 3-D animation. VRML

4 Design tool used to plan multimedia presentations. Story Board

6 Editing software used to create MP3s. ACID

8 A type of personal Web site where articles are regularly posted. BLog

9 Creating a site. Web authoring

10 Representation of overall site design. Graphical map

13 Image recorded as a collection of objects. V ector image

15 Widely used type of Web animation. Flash

Down

Num. Clue Answer

1 Composed of thousands of pixels. Bitmap image

3 Special effect that blends images together. Morphing

5 User participation. Interactivity

7 Allows responses like “OK” and “Great!”Fuzzy Logic

11 Dots that make up an image. Pixels

12 Connection between pages in a multimedia presentation. Link

14 Attempt to develop computers that mimic human senses. AI

Num Multiple Choice Answers Matching Answers

1 A I

2 A G

3 A D

4 B E

5 A C

6 B F

7 C H

8 B B

9 A J

10 B A

Chapter 5: System Software

Crossword Puzzle Answers:

Across

Num. Clue Answer

5 Program that makes copies of files in case of damage or loss. Backup

6 Boot that occurs when the computer is already on. Warm boot

8 Combination of several utility programs in one package. Utility Suite

9 Allows communication between devices and the operating system. Driver

11 Concentric rings on a disk. Tracks

12 Used to control and coordinate networked computers. NOS

Down

Num. Clue Answer

1 Location to store related files.Folder

2 Computer that coordinates all communication between other computers. Network server

3 Uses graphical elements to communicate with the operating system. GUI

4 Broken-up file stored in different sectors. Fragmented

5 Starting or restarting a computer. Booting

7 Operating system with over 80 percent of the market. Windows

10 Graphic objects on the desktop used to represent programs and other files. Icons

Num Multiple Choice Answers Matching Answers

1 C J

2 D D

3 C F

4 A B

5 A G

6 C H

7 B A

8 B E

9 A I

10 C C

Chapter 6: The System Unit

Crossword Puzzle Answers:

Across

Num. Clue Answer

6 Assists with the installation of expansion cards. Plug and Play

8 Memory which improves processing by acting as a temporary high-speed holding area between memory and the CPU. Cache

10 Controls the speed of operations. System Clock

Down

Num. Clue Answer

1 Part of a microcomputer that contains the CPU. System Unit

2 Controls and manipulates data to produce information. Microprocessor

3 The number of bits that can be accessed by the microprocessor at one time. Word

4 Holding area for data, instructions, and information. Memory

5 Used to connect external devices to system unit via ports. Cable

7 Unit consisting of eight bits. Byte

9 Most widely used microprocessor binary coding scheme. ASCII

Num Multiple Choice Answers Matching Answers

1 D J

2 B A

3 C C

4 B H

5 B G

6 A I

7 A D

8 C E

9 B F

10 C B

Chapter 7: Input and Output

Crossword Puzzle Answers:

Across

Num. Clue Answer

6 Used to grade multiple choice exams. OMR

9 Specialized digital camera that broadcasts images over the Internet. WebCam

10 Records images digitally on a disk. Digital camera

13 Most popular input device used for computer games. Joystick

14 Delivers much clearer picture than regular TV. HDTV

16 Resolution is expressed as a matrix of these dots. Pixel

17 Keyboard that rolls up for storage and transport. Flexible

Down

Num. Clue Answer

1 The distance between each pixel. Dot pitch

2 Most commonly used way to input data. Keyboard

3 Button rotated to scroll through information displayed on the monitor.Wheel Button

4 Most widely used type of mouse. Mechanical

5 Type of terminal that does no processing. Dumb

7 Number of times a screen is redrawn each second. Refresh rate

8 Measure of resolution. dpi

11 Keys that turn features on and off. Toggle

12 Translates processed information into hard copy. Printer

15 Bar code system used in supermarkets. UPC

Num Multiple Choice Answers Matching Answers

1 A I

2 B E

3 A F

4 B J

5 D A

6 A B

7 D G

8 C D

9 D C

10 B H

Chapter 8: Secondary Storage

Crossword Puzzle Answers:

Across

Num. Clue Answer

5 Improves hard-disk performance by anticipating data needs. Disk caching

6 Web-based storage. Internet drive

7 Invisible wedge-shaped division of a track. Sector

8 Portable and removable storage device. Floppy

10 Runs through each track of a stack of platters. Cylinder

11 How tightly the bits can be packed next to each other. Density

Down

Num. Clue Answer

1 Ring of concentric circles without visible grooves. Track

2 Grouped disk drives treated as one hard disk by the computer system. RAID

3 Measures the amount of time required to retrieve data. Access time

4 Represent 1s and 0s. Pits and lands

9 Disk with 500 times the storage as a standard floppy. Zip

Num Multiple Choice Answers Matching Answers

1 A G

2 A A

3 C J

4 A I

5 C D

6 A B

7 C H

8 D C

9 D F

10 C E

Chapter 9: Communications and Networks

Crossword Puzzle Answers:

Across

Num. Clue Answer

5 Interprets and routs incoming radio frequencies. Base station

7 Continuous electronic waves. Analog

9 Configuration of a network. topology

10 Network interface card. NIC

11 Transfer speed or transfer rate. bps

12 Short range wireless communication standard. bluetooth

14 Measurement of the width of the communication channel. bandwidth

Down

Num. Clue Answer

1 Node that requests and uses resources available from other nodes. client

2 Each device in the network handles its own communications. Bus network

3 Device that allows links between LANs. Network gateway

4 Process that converts digital to analog. modulation

6 Pieces of a message sent over the Internet. packets

8 Global positioning system. GPS

13 Any device that is connected to a network. node

15 Uses existing telephone lines to provide high-speed connections. D SL

16 Central node for other nodes. hub

Num Multiple Choice Answers Matching Answers

1 C G

2 B B

3 A A

4 D I

5 C H

6 D E

7 B C

8 B J

9 D D

10 D F

Chapter 10: Privacy and Security

Crossword Puzzle Answers:

Across

Num. Clue Answer

3 Malic ious software Malware

6 Program that records keystrokes and activities Keystroke logger

7 Used to record virtually everything done on a computer Snoopware

8 Those who gain access to systems for the fun and challenge H acker

9 Includes the locations of sites visited by your browser History file

Down

Num. Clue Answer

1 Programs that record information on Web site visitors. Cookie

2 Device that separates the computer from the power source. Surge protector

4 Study of human factors related to the things people use. Ergonomics

5 Those who gain access to systems for malicious purposes Cracker

Num Multiple Choice Answers Matching Answers

1 A G

2 A H

3 D F

4 B A

5 B B

6 C C

7 D J

8 C D

9 B I

10 D E

Chapter 11: Information Systems

Crossword Puzzle Answers:

Across

Num. Clue Answer

3 Level of management concerned with strategic planning.Top

5 Identifies, investigates, and develops new products and services. Research

9 Report produced upon request. Demand

10 Someone who makes decisions in a DSS. User

11 Model that helps middle-level managers in long-range planning. Tactical

12 Information worker involved in the creation of information. K nowledge worker 14 Concerned with calculating employee paychecks. Payroll

16 Specialized information system that knowledge workers use. KWS

17 Keeps track of summaries of all foregoing transactions. General ledger

Down

Num. Clue Answer

1 The buying of materials and services. Purchasing

2 Plans, prices, promotes, sells, and distributes goods and services.Marketing

4 Form that shows supply and order information. Purchase order

6 Report that calls attention to unusual events. Exception

7 Help top-level managers oversee operations and develop plans. ESS

8 Information worker that distributes information. Data worker

13 Use data from TPS to support middle managers. MIS

15 Level of management concerned with decision making. Middle

Num Multiple Choice Answers Matching Answers

1 B H

2 B J

3 A F

4 D D

5 D G

6 A B

7 C A

8 C C

9 C I

10 B E

Chapter 12: Databases

Crossword Puzzle Answers:

Across

Num. Clue Answer

1 Used to control access to internal networks. Firewall

3 Items that contain both data and instructions to manipulate the data. Objects

6 Proprietary database. Data bank

7 Type of processing where data collected over time is processed at one time. Batch

8 Facts or observations about people, places, things, and events. Data

13 Data captured or saved using a microphone. Audio

16 Multiple files on the same subject or person. Data redundancy

17 Points connected like the branches of a tree. Nodes

Down

Num. Clue Answer

2 Type of database available over the Web. Web

4 Similar objects grouped together. Classes

5 A collection of related fields. Record

6 Problems that occur when one or more files are overlooked. D ata integrity

9 Uniquely identifies each record. Primary field

10 Technique used to search databases for information and patterns. D ata mining

11 Focuses on the meaning and content of the data. Logical view

12 Distinctive field in each record of a database. Key Field

14 Descriptions of how data is to be manipulated.Methods

15 Person, place, thing, or object. Entity

Num Multiple Choice Answers Matching Answers

1 D E

2 B C

3 B D

4 C I

5 A B

6 C A

7 D H

8 A G

9 A J

10 A F

Chapter 13: Systems Analysis and Design

Crossword Puzzle Answers:

Across

Num. Clue Answer

3 Systems implementation Conversion

8 Collection of activities and elements organized to accomplish a goal. System

9 Build a model that can be modified before the system is installed. Prototyping

10 Automated design tool. CASE

12 Approach where new system is tried in only one part of an organization.Pilot

14 Shows levels of management and formal lines of authority. Organization chart

15 List of questions. Checklist

Down

Num. Clue Answer

1 1st step in the design phase. Feasibility

2 Study an organization’s systems.Systems analysis

4 System’s performance is compared to the original specifications.S ystem audit

5 Approach where new system is implemented slowly over time. Phased

6 Conversion done by abandoning old system and starting the new. Direct approach

7 Diagram that shows the information flow within an organization. Data flow

11 Shows the relationship between input and output documents. Grid chart

12 Old and new systems are operated side by side. Parallel

13 The most commonly overlooked activity in the implementation phase. Training

Num Multiple Choice Answers Matching Answers

1 A G

2 D H

3 A F

4 C D

5 D C

6 D A

7 A B

8 D I

9 A J

10 C E

Chapter 14: Programming and Languages

Crossword Puzzle Answers:

Across

Num. Clue Answer

1 Writing a program. Coding

6 A list of instructions for the computer to follow. Program

9 Represent the steps needed to solve a programming problem. Program flowchart

10 Programmer that ensures current programs remain error free. Maintenance

12 The problem a user is trying to solve. Objective

13 Structure that describes a process that may be repeated while a condition is true. Loop

14 Testing and then eliminating errors. Debugging

15 Tools that provide some automation in program design, coding, and testing. CASE

Down

Num. Clue Answer

1 Converts procedural language into machine language code. Compiler

2 Error that is a violation of the rules of a programming language. Syntax

3 The final step in testing a program. Beta testing

4 Software engineer. Programmer

5 Sequence, selection, and loop. Logic structure

7 Processing steps used in top-down program design. Module

8 Error that occurs when an incorrect calculation is used. Logic

9 Outline of the logic of the program you will write. Pseudocode

11 Process by which a program is organized into objects. OOP

Num Multiple Choice Answers Matching Answers

1 A I

2 B H

3 C G

4 B J

5 C D

6 B B

7 B C

8 C E

9 D F

10 B A

Chapter 15: Y our Future and Information Technology

Crossword Puzzle Answers:

Across

Num. Clue Answer

4 Inputs customer information and other data. Data entry worker

6 Repairs and installs computer components and systems. Computer Technician

8 Acting in anticipation of future problems, needs, or changes. Proactive

9 Develops and maintains Web sites. W ebmaster

10 Plans and designs information systems. System analyst

11 Prepares instruction manuals and technical reports. Technical writer

12 Designs, tests, and researches encryption procedures. Cryptographer

Down

Num. Clue Answer

1 Person that is unfamiliar with computers. Na?ve

2 Creates, tests, and troubleshoots computer programs. Programmer

3 Person that feels learning about computers is an imposition. F rustrated

4 Creates and formats publication-ready material. Desktop publisher

5 Instructs users on the latest software and hardware. Computer trainer 7 Person that feels the idea of using a microcomputer is overrated. Cynic

Num Multiple Choice Answers Matching Answers

1 D D

2 B J

3 A H

4 D A

5 C E

6 D I

7 C B

8 A G

9 D C

10 B F

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