新核心综合学术英语教程unit答案全

综合学术英语教程3 答案

Unit 1 Definition

Keys to the Exercises

Task 1 Familiarizing Yourself with Definition

Reading1 Great Leaps in Modern Technology

2. Technology, on the other hand, is more of an applied science. It is where tools and knowledge

are used for the study of a particular science. For example, the science of energy can have

technology as its application. In the case of energy as a subject in science, solar panels can be

used for a variety of technologies, an example of which are solar-powered lights.

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Task 2 Understanding Lectures through Definition

Listening 1

1. phobia, hypnophobia, cynophobia, aerophobia

2. 1) T 2) F 3) F 4) T 5) T 6) T 7) F 8) F

3.

Task 3 Reading Definition Articles

1. 1) Indigenous knowledge means knowledge belonging to the country, rather than being

brought there from another country.

2) All the list items will probably be included since the title is rather broad and general.

3) For open discussion

2. 1) International knowledge system.

2) Knowledge capital, physical and financial capital.

3) It contains the skills, experiences and insights of people, applied to

maintain or improve their

4) Medicine and veterinary medicine.

5) It is considered the social capital, meaning an essential resource for

survival and means of

sustenance and livelihood.

6) a) It is inappropriate for new challenges or it adapts too slowly; b)

The introduction of

foreign technologies or development concepts that promise short-term gains or solutions to

problems that they cannot sustain.

7) Agriculture, animal husbandry and ethnic veterinary medicine, primary

health care,

preventive medicine and psychosocial care, saving and lending.

8) A higher variance of traits, less susceptible to the frequent droughts, reduce risks.

9) a) Indigenous knowledge is vital for its bearers; b) Become fully aware

of its value and

contributions to the intended objectives; c) It is an integral part of global knowledge in its

own right.

10) An integration or combination of indigenous knowledge and foreign knowledge.

Reading 2 Indigenous Knowledge

3. 1) r. override 2) j. expertise 3) d. intimate 4) a. unanimous 5) g.

intrusion

6) u. dissemination 7) c. insights 8) l. susceptible 9) n. incorporating

10) f. vanish

11) m. interaction 12) s. scenario 13) i. detrimental 14) p. implement

15) k. alleviation

16) b. encompass 17) o. validate 18) h. impending 19) e. interweave 20) t. rational

4. For reference:

The two articles both employ definitions for the introduction of the terms and examples to

validate each facet. Both use classifications, descriptions, comparison and contrast for further

analysis. One big difference lies in the perspective to view the title, with the first a rather

holistic discussion ranging from the status quo to the settlement of the existing problems and

the second a partial focus on chiefly its applications.

Reading 3 Ultrasonics

5. 1) component 2) accumulate 3) spherical 4) navigate 5) fatigue

6) harness 7) version 8) synonymous 9) inhibit 10) integrity

11) uniform 12) detect 13) incidence 14) monitor 15) probe

16) intensity 17) convert 18) proceed 19) visualize 20) inspect

6. Attention: there is a mistake here, the first should be Para. K

Para. K—e Para. B—a Para. C—c Para. D—f Para. E—h

Para. F—d Para. G—j Para. H—i Para. I—b Para. J—g

7. 1) E 2) F 3) Para. E 4) E 5) F 6) Para. H 7) Para. H 8) E

8. For open discussion

Task 4 Writing an Essay of Definition

Reading 4 Disruptive Technologies

1.

5. For reference only

1) Natural breathing will be provided by the robot for the patient during surgery.

2) The pressure will have to be reduced by us.

3) All instruments need to be sterilized.

4) For us, some physical and technical factors may be considered/ taken into consideration.

5) If we make sustained efforts, there is a chance that the environment will be improved.

6) Some specific demands of the scientific establishment have to be made.

7) The presence of the country has been felt more than ever by the whole

world.

8) It seems that other explanations are hard to be found.

9) The interaction between organism and environment is being perceived.

10) The tests work most effectively if what will be measured can be most precisely defined.

Integrated Exercises

2. 1) component 2) integrity 3) mobilize 4) option 5) monitor 6) navigate

7) encompass

8) compromise 9) incorporate 10) implement 11) impending 12) scenario 3. 1) The survey encompasses social, political, and economic aspects of the situation.

2) In some countries power is synonymous with corruption.

3) The strike shut down many airports, but international f lights were unaffected.

4) The scenery is beautiful but inaccessible to most ordinary travelers.

5) The conflict deprived him of the means of livelihood.

6) Such animals can withstand the extremes of weather.

7) The rise in the time spent on the Internet is concomitant with the massive loss of

sociability.

8) Many inventions such as gunpowder and the compass originated in China.

9) The frequency of mining accidents has decreased over the past 10 years.

10) The maximum number of places offered by the medical school for the

applicants is 15.

5. 1) Scientists should warn people about PM 2.5 and the need to restrict their children’s

outdoor activities to avoid even the minimal damage.

2) The local government has implemented a development program for the mountain climbers

to leave the surrounding region unaffected.

3) We can reduce the risks to zero since we are sure of what risks they are running.

4) To combat your anxiety, you should compel yourself to visualize a

promising future in which a problem has already been settled.

5) He holds that developed countries should be held accountable for

economic growth on a global scale.

6) Trash is not yet fully utilized, leading to overlooking the potential in it.

7) A large number of females choose the option of personal finance to

achieve control of their own lives.

8)The university has decided to invest in the project because it has many

technical advantages over other similar ones.

9) Trees can provide shelter for both man and animals, which we tend to overlook.

10) We are trying to achieve a sound understanding of liberal arts courses,

which encompasses a wide range of subjects.

Listening 2

A. (1) F (2) T (3) T (4) F (5) T (6) T (7) T

B. (1) Clouding computing is about the provision of computer resources like

SaaS, PaaS, and infrastructure provision while private computing

isn’t.

(2) 67.

(3) Because the Industrial Revolution is not a thing, and it cannot be

defined by some specific products. It is a transformation or a

transition involving concepts, ideas, ways of production, changing

attitudes, etc.

(4) Because it is more than just technology, as the speaker further

compares it to electricity, which has transformed from an innovation

to much more of a utility service.

(5) Ubiquitous.

Listening 3

A. (1) C (2) B (3) A (4) C (5) D

B. compressed, whisper, external, pockets, panic, assembly, psychological,

reflection, simultaneous, architecture, figure out, legitimate, instantaneous, clicking, addicted

C. (1) B, C (2) C

Unit 2 Classification

Keys to the Exercises

Task 1 Familiarizing Yourself with Classification

1. 1) Man-made or anthropogenic causes, and natural causes.

2) Pollution (burning fossil fuels, mining coal and oil, etc.), the

production of CO2 ( the increase of population, the demolition of trees, etc.).

3) CO2 is a greenhouse gas that traps heat in the Earth’s atmosphere.

4) Classification helps us to determine and understand the relationship

of the parts of a subject which is studied by us. Classification is made on the basis of a clear definition.

5) In order to make a clear and logic classification, one needs to follow

a principle of classification and go on with a system consistently.

For example, the categories of classification should be mutually exclusive and no overlapping is allowed.

Reading 1 Causes for Global Warming

2. Coal is the most abundant fossil fuel resource. It provides about

one-quarter of the total energy the world uses, and 40 percent of the electricity generated worldwide is powered by coal. The steel industry also is greatly dependent upon this fossil fuel. Like other depleting sources of global energy, coal reserves are also on a steep decline.

Moreover, coal is a greenhouse gas nightmare. Natural gas is comprised mostly of methane, although it also contains ethane, propane and butane.

It is a convenient and efficient energy source. The major consumers of natural gas are the residential, commercial and industrial sectors. It is also used to generate electricity. Unlike other fossil fuels, natural

gas is cleaner and causes less pollution. Like other fossil fuels, this resource is depleting rapidly.

Task 2 Understanding Lectures through Classification

Listening 1

1. Unconscious motivation, unconscious conflict, the id, the ego, the superego, etc.

2. 1) T 2) F 3) F 4) F 5) T 6) F 7) T 8) F

3. Idea One: The existence of an unconscious motivation

Idea Two: The notion of unconscious dynamics or conflict

4. There are two interesting ideas in Freud’s theory: first, the existence

of unconscious motivation; second, the concept of unconscious conflict.

Freud believes that unconscious motivation might play an important role in a lot of situations, such as marriage, forgetting a person’s name, calling out the wrong name etc. In his view, there are three processes going on in the head, namely, id, ego and superego, which are in violent internal conflict. Id functions on “the Pleasure Principle”, while ego

works on “the Reality Principle” and superego is the internalized rules of a society. Ego is in between id and superego.

Task 3 Reading Classification Articles

Reading 2 Renewable Energy Sources—A Brief Summary

1. 1) Renewable energy is energy which comes from natural resources such

as sunlight, wind, rain, tides, and geothermal heat, which are renewable (naturally replenished).

2)□√ The purpose of using renewable energy sources.

□√ The classification of renewable energy sources.

□√ The examples of different types of renewable energy sources.

□√ The advantages and disadvantages of various types of renewable energy sources.

□√ The history of the use of different energy sources.

□ How energy is obtained from various sources.

3) I would write:

(1) The definition of the renewable energy.

(2) The classification of the renewable energy.

(3) The advantages and the disadvantages of various types of renewable energy sources.

2. 1) The signing of the Kyoto Treaty.

2) It converts the sun’s rays into energy.

3) The main demerit is that it is limited.

4) Sailors, farmers and architects.

5) The main advantage is that this doesn’t produce any by-products that

can be harmful to the environment.

6) Because the Earth’s crust continuously decays, replenishing the heat.

7) They use the force of the water to push the turbine which in turn powers

a generator thus generating electricity.

8) It poses a problem for fish and aquatic plants on both sides of the dam.

9) They contain no petroleum, and they are nontoxic and biodegradable.

10) The Environmental Protection Agency.

3. 1) j. evolution 2) s. solar 3) a. architect 4) l. geothermal 5) p. preserve

6) b. biodegradable 7) r. radioactive 8) f. crusade 9) h. distribute 10) q. radiant

11) i. domestic 12) t. validation 13) k. generator 14) d. capture 15)

g. definitely

16) n. install 17) e. consumption 18) m. harness 19) o. internal 20) c. blade

Reading 3 Types of Pollution

5. 1) voluntary 2) construction 3) contamination 4) eruption 5) regulation

6) deforestation 7) yield 8) irrigation 9) confine 10) sewage

11) hazardous 12) residential 13) vapor 14) decay 15) erosion

16) disrupt 17) particulate 18) underground 19) concentration 20) combat

6.

7.

8. My summary is: Even if solar energy is limited, it enjoys a long history

and has been advancing constantly, thus enabling us to convert heat into electricity, which can be stored, ready for use.

Task 4 Writing an Essay of Classification

Reading 4 Types of Sustainability

1.

5. 1) Declarative sentences are mostly employed in academic writing, despite

the occasional utilizations of interrogative sentences.

2) To support the truths, reliable evidence is quoted by scholars in all disciplines.

3) Much importance should be attached to the comprehension of the

difference between education and training.

4) A person who exposes himself to the sunlight for excessive time is

susceptible to malignant melanoma.

5) Students doing temporary jobs display a better performance in their academic studies.

6) American frontier is deeply rooted in many aspects of American character.

7) The direct involvement of many a foreign country is evident in the

process of US territorial expansion.

8) Parents need to equipped with much care and knowledge while raising a kid.

9) Environment plays a vital role in the growth of plants.

10) In the past, Beijing was ravaged by dust storms for 20 days annually. Integrated Exercises

2. 1) motivation 2) demolish 3) symptom 4) combat 5) capture 6) distribute

7) assert 8) yield

9) internal 10) emergence 11) adherence 12) disrupt

3. 1) Internet access is available in the students’ dormitory.

2) If you can harness your energy, you’ll be rewarded with huge accomplishments.

3) It has been confirmed that foul weather is highly hazardous for sea navigation.

4) The governmental nuclear waste disposal plan aroused fierce protests

from the local residents.

5) Extinction of this rare species of bird is foreseeable if effective measures are not taken.

6) While delivering a public speech, a speaker must articulate his/her arguments.

7) I highly esteem his current research on stem cells.

8) A speaker cannot always secure the cooperation of the audience.

【免费下载】综合学术英语教程练习答案

Unit Two Task1Familiarizing Yourself with Classif ication 1.Skim the f ollowing passage f or the answ ers to the questions below. 1) Man-made or anthropogenic causes, and natural causes. 2) Pollution (burning fossil fuels, mining coal and oil, etc.), the production of CO 2( the increase of population, the demolition of trees, etc.) 3) CO 2 is a greenhouse gas that traps heat in the Earth’s atmosphere. 4) Classif i cation helps us to determine and understand the relationship of the parts of a subject which is studied by us. Classification is made on the basis of a clear definition. 5) In order to make a clear and logic classification, one needs to follow a principle of classification and go on with a system consistently. For example, the categories of classification should be mutually exclusive and no overlapping is allowed. Reading1Causes for Global Warming Task2Understanding Lectures through Classif ication Listening1 1.Listening to the lectur e and write down wha tev er y ou believ e is impor tant, especially the classif ica tions of key terms. Unconscious motivation, unconscious conflict, the id, the ego, the superego, etc. https://www.sodocs.net/doc/8215083824.html,e y our notes.D ecide if the sta tements below ar e true(T)or false(F).Then justify y our answ ers,in the space pr ovided,b y giving evidence fr om the talk. 1) T2) F3) F4) F5) T6) F7) T8) F 3.Listen again,paying a ttention to the f ollowing classif ica tions and then complete the tables below. Idea One: The existence of an unconscious motivation Idea Two: The notion of unconscious dynamics or conflict 4.Listen again and piece y our notes together into a shor t summar y.Then r etell the lectur e to y our par tner. There are two interesting ideas in Freud’s theory: first, the existence of unconscious motivation; second, the concept of unconscious conflict. Freud believes that unconscious motivation might play an important role in a lot of situations, such as marriage, forgetting a person’s name, calling out the wrong name etc. In his view, there are three processes going on in the head, namely, id, ego and superego, which are in violent internal conflict. Id functions on“the Pleasure Principle”, while ego works on “the Reality Principle”and superego is the internalized rules of a society. Ego is in between id and superego. Task3Reading Classif ication Articles Reading2Renewable Energy Sources—A Brief Summary 1.W ork with a par tner or a gr oup of3—4students.Study the title and phr ases in bold of Reading 2and discuss the f ollowing questions. 1) Renewable energy is energy which comes from natural resources such as sunlight, wind, rain, tides, and geothermal heat, which are renewable (naturally replenished). 2) √The purpose of using renewable energy sources. √The classification of renewable energy sources. √The examples of different types of renewable energy sources.

研究生学术综合英语课文翻译unit1-4

第一单元? 如何发表演说 斯蒂芬·卢卡斯? ???? 在人类创造的万物中，语言可能是最卓越的一项创造。通过语言，我们可以分享经验、阐明价值观念、交流思想、传播知识、传承文化。确实，语言对于思想本身至关重要。和流行的信仰不同的是：语言并不是简单地反映事实，而是通过对事件意义的思考来帮助人们感悟现实。? ???? 优秀的演说者尊重语言并懂得如何驾驭语言。语言是演说者展示才能的工具，对于他们来说，如同其他职业的工具一样,语言也有特殊的功用。作为一名演说者，你应该意识到话语的意义，并懂得如何准确无误地使用语言，使其表达清楚，趣味横生，恰如其分。? 如同数字对于会计的重要性一样，准确地使用语言对于演说者至关重要。在没有确切知道一个词语的意思之前，千万不要盲目使用。碰到没有把握的词语，一定要查词典追根究底。当你准备演讲之前，一定要不断地问自己：“我究竟想说些什么？我究竟想表达什么样的意思？”因此，对于一篇演讲稿的用词来说，必须准确无误。? 如果语言表达清楚无误，听众就能很快抓住你的意思。鉴于此，演说者应该使用那些对于大多数人来说非常熟悉的词语，这些词语不需要任何专业背景就能够理解；演说者应该使用那些表达具体而不是相对抽象的词语；并且千万不要乱堆砌辞藻，哗众取宠。? 准确生动地使用语言能够使你的演说贴近生活。有一种方法可以使你的语言更加生动形象，那就是通过展开联想或创造语言图示。通过使用表达具体的词语、明喻或者暗喻等手法可以展开想像。明喻是对事物不同之处的比较，不过有些是相同的：它们总是包含“像……一样”或者“如同……一样”这样的连词。暗喻是一种隐性的比喻，它能够把两个形式不同但是有一些相通之处的事物联系在一起，暗喻不包含“像……一样”或者“如同……一样”这样的连词。? 另一种让你的演说生动形象的方法是注重语言的节奏感。有四种修辞格可以让你的语言富有节奏感：排比、重复、头韵和对比。排比是将一组或一系列具有相似结构的词语、短语或者句子排列在一起；重复是在一系列短句或者长句的开头或者结尾使用相同的一句话或者一组词语；头韵是指邻近或者相邻的几个句子中的首个词语的辅音字母相同；对比是将一些意思相反的词语或者句子并列在一起，通常使用排比结构。 恰当地使用语言是指语言的运用要符合特定的场合、特定的观众和特定的主题。同时，恰当地使用语言还意味着演说者要有自己的语言风格，而不是模仿他人的口吻。如果演说者的语言在各个方面都能够做到恰如其分，那么这篇演说成功的机率就会大大提高。??????? 优秀的演说并不是空穴来风、缺乏论据的决断。演说者必须找到强有力的论据来支持其观点。实际上，熟练地使用论据经常是区别一篇优秀演说词和一篇空洞演说词的关键所在。一般来说，通常有三种论据材料：事例、统计数据和证词。? ???????在演说过程中，你可以使用一些简明扼要的例子——比如过去发生的一个很具体的事件——有时候，你可以罗列好几个简明的例子，借此增强听众的印象。扩展性的例子——描述、叙述或者奇闻轶事——通常长一些，但更具体。夸张性的例子描述想像中的情形，这种例子能够将相关的想法有效地传达给听众。这三种例子都能够帮助演说者理清思绪、加强印象或者使演说更加娓娓动听。为了使表达更加富有效果，例子应该生动活泼，丰富多彩。 只要演说者对于统计数据用之得当并且加以解释，这些数据将有助于有效地传达信息，听众也能从统计数据中获益匪浅。最重要的是：演说者应该对统计数据了如指掌，并且运用得恰如其分。由于数据很容易操纵和捏造，因此，对于演说者来说，一定要确保图表没有张冠李戴，并且要确保统计方法正确，数据来源可靠。?

(完整word版)学术综合英语课后答案解析

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精心整理 Unit Two Task1Familiarizing Yourself with Classif ication 1.Skim the f ollowing passage f or the answ ers to the questions below. 1) Man-made or anthropogenic causes, and natural causes. 2) Pollution (burning fossil fuels, mining coal and oil, etc.), the production of CO( the increase of population, the demolition of trees, etc.) 1. 2. 3.Listen again,paying a ttention to the f ollowing classif ica tions and then complete the tables below. Idea One: The existence of an unconscious motivation Idea Two: The notion of unconscious dynamics or conflict 4.Listen again and piece y our notes together into a shor t summar y.Then r etell the lectur e to y our par tner. There are two interesting ideas in Freud’s theory: first, the existence of unconscious motivation; second, the concept of unconscious conflict. Freud believes that unconscious motivation might play an important role in a lot of situations, such as marriage, forgetting a person’s name, calling out the wrong name etc. In his view, there are three processes going on in the head,

(超详细答案)综合学术英语教程2答案上海交通大学出版蔡基刚

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