大一 本科英语重点复习资料

英语复习资料

一．单词

1. shock

n.震惊v.使震惊（同义surprise、amaze、astonish）be shocked/ surprised/amazed/astonished at 被……震惊

2. means

n.方法、手段、工具（同义way、approach）

means/way/approach to ……的方法、途径

means of 意味着

by all means 当然

3. economy

n.经济adj.economic 经济的

规律：部分名词末尾y变ic成为形容词

如：n.academy 学术adj.academic 学术上的

1)补充规律：部分名词末尾变al成为形容词

如：n.culture 文化adj.cultural 文化的

n.nature 自然adj.natural 自然的

2)补充规律：部分动词末尾变ation成为名词

如：https://www.sodocs.net/doc/8915369038.html,municate 交流https://www.sodocs.net/doc/8915369038.html,munication 交流

v. globalize 使全球化n.globalization 全球化

3)补充规律：部分词形容词末尾为ant变为ance成为名词如：adj. tolerant 宽容的n. tolerance 宽容

3.influence

n.影响=effect v.影响=affect

have (a/an) influence on 对……有影响

4. talent

n.才能（同义：gift、ability、genius、competence、capability）

a talent for ……的才能

5. sympathize

v.同情n. sympathy 同情心

sympathize with 对……表示同情

6. major

adj.主要的；大多的n. majority 大多数

反义：minor adj.次要的n. minority 少数

7. solicit

v.请求，乞求（同义：beg、ask、require、request、appeal）

拓展：表示请求、命令、建议的动词后加虚拟语气should do, should 可省

例：I solicit you (should) help me.

8. scheme

n. 方案；计划；阴谋（同义：plan）

v. 计划；设计；体系;图谋

scheme for 为……设计

scheme for power 篡位

9. drama

n. 戏剧

adj. dramatic 戏剧性的；引人注目的；令人印象深的（同义：impressive）

adv. Dramatically 戏剧化地

10. inspire

v.鼓励（同义：encourage）

inspire sb to do 激励某人去做某事

inspire sb with sth 用某事激励某人

inspire sth in sb 激发某人使其有sth

11. consider

v.考虑n. consideration 考虑

take consideration of; take sth into consideration 考虑某事

12. compete

v. 竞争adj。competitive 有竞争性的

n. competition 竞赛n. competitor 竞争者

13. bar

v. 禁止（同义:abandon、forbid、prohibit）（反义:allow、permit）bar/ abandon/forbid/prohibit from doing 禁止做……

14. memory

n. 记忆；内存adj. memorable 值得纪念的

memory for 纪念……

in memory of 为了纪念……

15. direct

v. 指示；指挥；命令n. director 导演n. direction 指示；方向direct sb to do/give sb direction on指挥/命令某人做某事

16. optimism

n. 乐观主义（翻译：pessimism 悲观主义）

adj. optical 乐观的

17. comic

adj. 滑稽的；有趣的；戏剧的（反义：tragic 悲剧的）

n. comedy 喜剧（反义：tragedy 悲剧）

18. prosperous

adj. 成功的；兴旺的；发达的；繁荣的；有利的

n. prosperity 繁荣

19. inform

v. 通知；告诉

inform sb of /about sth 通知某人某事

20. occupy

v. 占据；占了

occupy oneself with/in doing 某事占了某人……

21. target

n. 领域；听众；针对的对象v.以……为目标

the target of ……针对的对象是

hit the target 达到目标

be targeted towards/be aimed at 以……为目标

22. irrespective of 不顾……

=regardless of

=despite of

=in spite of

23. contribute

v. 投稿；捐献；贡献；出力n. contribution 贡献

contribute to 捐献；有助于

24. restlessly

adv. 不安的；慌张的；不停的

adv. restless 焦躁不安的；不安宁的；得不到满足的

n. restlessness 坐立不安；不安定

25. express

v. 表达n. expression 表达

give expression to 表达

二．词组

be fussy about 挑剔be involved in 包含于；与……有关be native to 与生俱来laugh at 嘲笑；因……发笑

rely on 依赖，依靠 a required course 必修课

play an important role 起重要作用know about 了解；知道

full off 充满；尽是in a word 一句话；总而言之

broaden one’s horizons 开阔眼界attract one’s attention 吸引某人注意all the time 始终fall asleep 入睡

shake head 摇头rub hands 搓手

hurry up 赶快go away 离开

after all 究竟in addition to 除……之外（还）subscribe to 订阅make an effort 努力

make up one’s mind 下定决心have a good time 过得愉快

take an interest in 对……感兴趣devote to 把……献给

intend to do=mean do 打算做get on with 与……相处

be rooted in 扎根于feed up with 厌倦

appeal to吸引owing to 由于；因为

in ruins 严重受损fend off 抵御

in line with 符合be composed of 由……组成

be incorporated into 合并；收录sum up 总结；概括

be known for 因……出名beat up 痛打

be different from 与……不同in the contention of 角逐

pay attention to 注意find out 发现；查明

in (the) face of sth 面对；面临in handy 派得上用场

impact on 对……的影响persuade to do 说服某人做consumer durables 耐用消费品serve as 充当

depend on 依赖refer to 目标是

consist of 由……组成according to 根据

be similar to 跟……类似 a variety of 各种

be made of 由……制成be made up of 由……组成

the flow of ……的流动by means of 凭借，通过

date back to 回溯到be regarded as 被认为是

be far removed from 与……非常不一样

with a hand in something 插手某事stick to sth 坚持

struggle to do 尽力做某事take on 装出；承担；接受

no longer 不再spread to sb 传播给某人

be curious about 对……感到好奇break……apart 把……分开三．翻译句子

英译汉

1.Years later, when she spoke on the Oscar stage again, people were

shocked by her pure and fluent English.

几年后，当她再次站在奥斯卡的舞台上，人们被她纯正流利的英语震惊了。

2.This explain why college English, as a required course, plays an

important role in university education.

这就是为什么大学英语，作为一门必修课，在大学教育中起极其重要作用的原因。

3.Learning English can help you not only grasp a language, but also

gain new thoughts, new ideas and different information from other culture.

学习英语不仅能使学生掌握一门语言，更重要的是能获得得新思维、新观念，得到来自另一种文化的启迪。

4.Though China has a long history of about 5,000 years, it’s not enough

for students to know only about their native customs and culture.

尽管中国拥有五千年的历史，但是对于学生们来说，仅仅了解本国的文化习俗是不够的。

5.The better students learn English, the more information they can get

from the Internet.

英语学得越好，学生从网上获得的信息就越多。

6.His father found out his son’s talent and made a great effort to

develop it.

他的父亲发现儿子的音乐天赋，作了极大努力来发展它。

7.In 1792, Beethoven came to Vienna, where he decided to stay and try

to make a career for himself.

1792年贝多芬来到维也纳，他决定在这里留下来，并给自己开创一番事业。

8.He liked the peace and simple life in the countryside.

他喜欢农村平静简单的生活。

9.He admired its leader, Napoleon, and intended dedicating his Third

Symphony to him.

他钦佩他的领袖拿破仑，打算把他的第三交响曲献给他。

10.There was no one to challenge his right to be the musical king of

Vienna.

再也没有人能够对贝多芬成为维也纳音乐之王作出挑战。

11.In Chinese culture, water is an important natural element.

在中国文化中，水是一个重要的自然元素。

12.It creates a calming atmosphere and inspires happiness.

它创造出宁静的气氛与和平。

13.The center is a venue for swimming, diving, synchronized swimming

and water-polo games during the period of the Olympic Games.

水上中心在奥运会期间成为集游泳、跳水、花样游泳、水球比赛的地点。

14.After the games, the center became a large water recreational center

open to the public.

奥运会结束后，中心对公众开放，成为大型水上康乐中心。15.The National Aquatics Center, known as “The Water Cube”, was one

of the most dramatic and exciting venues to feature sporting events for the Beijing Olympics in 2008.

被称为“水立方”的国家水上运动中心，是2008年北京奥运会最激动人心的体育场馆之一。

16.His repeated theme is to praise the optimism and confidence of

Chinese people in the face of difficulties and hardships.

他导演的影片主题经常是赞美中国人民面对困难和不幸所表现出来的乐观主义和自信心。

17.The movie Red Sorghum is full of moving edits, attractive close-ups,

and colorful images.

《红高粱》这部影片充满了富于变化的剪辑、惊人的特写镜头和绚丽的影像。

18.The movie is very different from his others. Qiu Ju is in a

documentary style, giving it a brave look, however, the others are in fixed style or colored photograph.

该片和他的其他影片不太一样，秋菊没有固定不变的模式或奢华色彩的影像，而是拍成了一种记录片的形式，使得影片给人一种勇敢坚毅的感觉。

19.House of Flying Daggers, which was produced in 2004 and set in

the Tang Dynasty and had a bold use of color, is very beautiful.

2004年他拍了《十面埋伏》，故事发生在唐朝，影片中大胆使用色彩，非常漂亮。

20.In 2006, he made Curse of the Golden Flower, an amazing period

epic. It was acted by Gong Li, Jay Chow and Chow Yun Fat.

2006年他导演了《满城尽带黄金甲》，这是一部令人惊叹的史诗片，由巩俐、周杰伦、周润发主演。

21.Advertising is one of the oldest forms of public announcement and

occupies a vital position in a product.

广告是最古老的公众宣传形式之一，并在产品销售中占据着重要地位。

22.The consumer market has become highly competitive with a new

brand being born almost every day.

由于每天都会有新产品诞生，消费者市场已经变得具有高度的竞争力。

23.Advertising is in handy here.

广告真是派得上用场的

24.Advertising should be targeted towards the audience in such a way

that it forms a positive impact on the customer and in the process creates brand recognition.

广告应当以预期的观众为目标，并且能够对顾客和品牌声誉形成积极影响。

25.The aim is to persuade customers to try that product.

广告的目的是说服顾客尝试这种产品。

26.Pablo Picasso was a pioneer, a master and a protean master, with a

hand in every art movement of the century.

毕加索是一位先驱、一位大师、一个多才多艺的画坛巨匠，他参与了20世纪美术界的每一个运动。

27.No one knew what to expect from him next.

没有人知道他下一幅画会带给人们什么。

28.If the subjects I have wanted to express have suggested different ways

of expression, I have never hesitated to use them.

如果我要描绘的对象有不同的表述方式，我总会毫不犹豫的采用。

29.He might have painted it flat, as though it had no depth.

它可以将一张脸画成好像毫无深度的平面。

30.When he died in 1973, at the age of ninety-two, he still took up his

paints and brushes to start a new picture as if he were seeing things for the first time.

他1973年逝世，享年92岁，就在那个时候，他还拿起颜料和画笔开始创作新的作品，仿佛第一次见识这个世界。

汉译英

1.英语是现代人必须学会使用的重要交流工具。

English is an important means of communication that modern people must learn to use.

2.随着经济和文化的全球化，英语变得越来越重要。

With the development of economic and cultural globalization, English is becoming more and more important.

3.在英语学习过程中，学生们将会了解到更多的西方文化。

While learning English, students will know more about Western culture.

4.学习英语能帮助学生提高获取信息和处理信息的能力。

Learning English can help students improve their ability to obtain and process information.

5.总而言之，学英语对于艺术学校的学生来说是非常重要的。

In a word, learning English is very important for art majors.

6. 他不仅以才能出名，而且是出名的好心人。

He is famous not only for his talent, but also for his kindness.

7. 我很同情你，我自己也有过类似的不幸遭遇。

I sympathize with you, because I also have had the similar unlucky

experience.

8. 她毕生致力于科学。

She dedicates her whole life to science.

9. 为老板煮咖啡不是我份内的事。

My job doesn’t include making coffee for the boss.

10. 他们曾向世界上最强的球队挑战并将他们打败。

They had challenged and beat the most of powerful team in the world.

11. 这座佛寺建于17世纪初，距今已有近四百年的历史了。

This temple was built in the beginning of the 17th century which has had the history of four hundred years nearly.

12. 外国人第一次来北京时都要去参观故宫。

Foreigners who first came to Beijing always visit the Imperial Palace.

13. 一切非法建筑都必须拆除。

All illegal building must be demolished.

14. 水立方是专门为2008年北京奥运会建造的。

The National Aquatics Center was built for Beijing Olympics in

2008 specially.

15. 鸟巢于2003年3月面向全球公开征集规划设计方案。

The Bird’s Nest solicited design schemes facing the whole world in March 2002.

16. 唐朝是一段以开明著称的时期。

Tang Dynasty was a period known for its liberality.

17. 他们将所拍胶片中不合意的部分予以删除。

They edited out the undesirable films.

18. 你会发现都市生活中许多便利之处。

You may find out many advantages in urban life.

19. 现在的校园和二十年前的样子不一样了。

The campus is different from what it was twenty years ago.

20. 我们在战争期间吃了许多苦头。

We suffered from many hardships during the war.

21. 别把那个塑料袋扔了，会用得着的。

Don’t throw the plastic bag away, it will come in handy.

22. 我试图使他相信危险的确存在。

I try to convince him of the reality of the danger.

23. 从某种意义上来说，你犯那个错误我倒很高兴，因为那个错误会

对你起警示作用。

In a way, I’m glad you made that mistake, because it will serve as warning to you.

24. 你双手手指的总数是10.

The number of your fingers is ten.

25. 她不顾一切后果，决心这样做。

Irrespective of the consequences, she is determined to do it.

26. 孩子们总是模仿他们的老师。

Children always imitate their teachers.

27.他的言行就好像没有常识似的。

He behaves as if he had no common sense.

28. 我们正掀起一场反对吸烟的运动。

We are starting a movement against smoking.

29. 我不仅学英语还学法语。

I’m learning French as well as English.

30. 他对公司的成功作出了重要贡献。

He has made an important contribution to the company’s success. 四．句型

1.the +比较级……，the +比较级……

翻译：越……，越……

例：The better students learn English, the more information they can get from the Internet.

英语学得越好，学生从网上获得的信息就越多。

2.if引导的虚拟语气

3.将来时态

1)助动词shall/will+动词原形，表示将要发生的行为

例：I shall go there tomorrow.

2)一般现在时表示时刻表里规定的时间或用在时间、条件从句中

例：The train to Beijing leaves at five this afternoon.

Please let me know when/if she arrives.

3)be going to+不定式，表示主观上打算要做的事；表示行为即将发

生或肯定要发生

例：How are you going to apply for the job?

Look at the dark sky. It’s going to rain.

4)be +不定式，表示按计划、安排将要发生的动作或行为

例：The hotel is to enlarge its business next year.

5)be +doing,一般用于go、come、leave、start、return、stay等动词，

表示就要发生的行为

例：Three other applicants are coming to the interview.

本科大学英语课程教学改革方案文件

本科大学英语课程教学改革方案 一、改革目标 加强大学英语基础知识与基本技能训练，培养学生英语综合应用能力，兼顾大学英语等级考试成效。 （一）教学要求定位在教育部《大学英语课程教学要求》的一般要求，各项技能指标达到《大学英语课程教学要求》基本指标，较大幅度提高参加国家大学英语四级考试（以下简称四级考试）成绩。 （二）调整教学安排，采取整体教学加分类强化的模式，促进英语成绩优秀者冲击《大学英语课程教学要求》较高要求，培养更多英语应用能力强的学生。 二、改革方案 （一）非艺术类本科生 总体教学安排为二学年四学期，周课时为4，总课时256，共16学分。上机自主学习作为辅助教学，不计入总课时。第一学期安排四周集中上机时间，由英语教师指导自主学习内容、任务和要求，学生必须认真学会自主学习模式，完成教师布臵的任务。四周后，自主上机，学生可自主选择时间和学习内容。 1.第一学期教学安排 所有本科生按照教学计划进行教学，另外对高考英语成绩排列前30%的新生，从校历第七周至第十五周，安排每周2学时的四级考前强化。这部分学生可参加12月份举行的四级考试。 2．第二学期教学安排 所有本科生按照教学计划进行教学，另外依据第一学期课程成绩确定第二批前30%学生（第一批已参加四级考试成绩达425分以上的学生除外），从校历第五周至第十六周，安排每周2学时的考前四级强化，这部分学生可参加6月份举行的四级考试。第一学期中参加四级考试成绩达425分的学生也继续跟班学习，并自行抓紧课后学习，参加6月份举行的六级考试 3．第三、四学期教学安排 第三、四学期教学主要针对尚未参加四级考试和前两个30%中少部分已参加四级考试但未达到425分的学生进行教学，除课内每周四课时外，还要增加课外强化，这部分学生可参加12月份举行的四级考试。12月份四级考试达不到425分的学生在第四学期同样以课内外相结合的安排进行教学，参加当年6月份举行的四级考试。 第一学年内已在四级考试中达到425分的学生，在第二学年里以选修英语类选修课的方式完成另外8个大学英语必修学分的学习任务。在第三学期参加四级考试达425分的学生，第四学期也以英语类选修课的方式完成另外4个大学英语必修学分的学习任务。

大一英语期末考试试题精选

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大学英语预备阶段练习（一） （Unit 1~4） ⅠWord Building Directions: Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the words given in the brackets. 1.Thank you very much for your ____ advice. I followed it and succeeded at last. (value) 2.His business has ____ rapidly since his brother came to help. (development) 3.After a two-day discussion, we finally found a ____ to the difficult problem. (solve) 4.Prices ____ high for quite a while .People began to complain about it. (remaining) 5.I don’t think it ____ to finish all the work today. We can go on with it tomorrow.(necessity) 6.It is obviously not ____ to leave a 3-year-old boy alone at home. (properly) 7.The tourists saw a beautiful ____ when they climbed onto the top of the mountain.(scene) 8.Traveling in the desert is a challenging ____ to most people. ( inexperience) 9.____, I don’t think it possible to finish the task in two days. (person) 10.The government must make sure that the economy is developed in the right ____.(direct) ⅡVocabulary and Structure Directions: Choose the best one from the four choices to complete the sentence. 11.The temperature ____ throughout the day in that part of the country. A. very B. remains C. differs D. varies 12.The game is full of violence and will certainly have a bad ____ on young players. A. meaning B. pain C. loss D. influence 13.The warm-hearted elderly lady downstairs is always ____ to help others. A. real B. ready C. practical D. polite 14.The question is ____ difficult in the exam today. Don’t you think so? A. therefore B. since C. rather D. otherwise 15.She used to live in a lovely ____ building near the sea. A. 3-story B. 3-stories C. 3-classed D. 3-classes 16.There are different ____ of transport in big cities for you to choose when you go out. A. means B. mean C. meanings D. meaning 17.They did not take a rest until the job was ____ finished. A. straightly B. specially C. completely D. fairly 18.The bookstore owner ____ the old magazines with a new ones to attract more readers. A. required B. reviewed C. repeated D. replaced 19.Would you like to buy the book? It is ____ reading. A. worthy B. firm C. further D. worth 20.She wears sunglasses to ____ her eyes from the sunshine in summer. A. prepare B. produce C. protect D. provide 21.We all like her very much for her pleasant ____: kind, gentle and warm-hearted. A. character B. chance C. chairman D. skills 22.All the students enjoyed the wonderful ____ by the professor that afternoon. A. discussion B. lecture C. advice D. solution 23.If you have confidence in yourself first, you will not be _______ by others easily. A.won B. doubled C. defeated. D. delayed 24.The little girl developed a strong _______ on her new friends.

2018年人文英语1期末复习资料.doc

第二部分样题一 一、交际用语（共计10 分，每小题 2 分） 1~5 题：选择正确的语句完成下面的对话。 1．— Hi, Wang Xin, nice to meet you! — Hi, Liu Hui. A． Nice to meet you too. B． How do you do ？ C． I'm fine, thank you. 答案： A 解析：本题考查“互相问候”的交际用语。第一说话人以nice to meet you（见到你很高兴）问候对方时，答 语应用 nice to meet you too来回应，所以答案是A。 2．— How about going to the class together？ — A． Of course not. B． That sounds great. C． I don't like it. 答案： B 解析：本题考查“提出建议”的交际用语。第一说话人提出一起去上课的建议，如果赞同，根据给出答案，答 语应该是这听起来不错；如果不赞同，则应委婉礼貌地拒绝， C 答案语气太强硬，不太礼貌，所以答案是 B。3．— Thank you for sharing this with me. — A． Nothing. B． You can share, too. C． My pleasure! 答案： C 解析：本题考查“回复致谢”的交际用语。My pleasure是It's my pleasure的缩写，意为“不客气、很荣幸”。常见的表达“不客气”的短语还有：You are welcome/don't mention it/Sure thing等，所以答案是C。4．— What will you buy for the Spring Festival？ — A． I will buy gifts for my family. B． Clothes are on sale. C． I want to go shopping. 答案： A 解析：本题考查“购物”的交际用语。“新年到了，你想买点儿什么呢”，应作出针对性的回答，即为 A 项：“我想买些礼物送给家人” ；其余两项回答不够清晰，所以答案是A。 5．— — It's dark brown. A． How about his weight？ B． Is he a tall guy？ C． What color is his hair？ 答案： C 解析：本题考查“表示询问”的交际用语。第二说话人回答的“dark brown 深褐色”是颜色，因此推断出第一 说话人应该是询问跟颜色有关的问题，所以答案是C。 二、词汇与结构（共计30 分，每小题 2 分） 6~20 题：阅读下面的句子，从A、 B、 C三个选项中选出一个能填入空白处的正确选项。