2018全年CATTI二级笔译试题+解析(完整版)

2018-11

【英译中】【Passage 1】

New drone footage gives a glimpse of the damage that Hawaii’s Big Island sustained in the wake of volcanic explosions in recent days. Smoke can be

seen billowing off the lava as it creeps down roads and through wooded areas toward homes. Fires are visible with terrifying streams of brightness breaking through the surrounding areas of black. After a day of relative calm,Kilauea roared back in full force on Sunday,spewing lava 300 feet in the air,encroaching on a half mile of new ground and bringing the total number of destroyed structures to 35.

从无人机拍摄到的最新视频中，可以大概了解到近日火山喷发后，夏威夷大岛所遭受的损失情况。火山岩浆在道路上、树林里蔓延，直逼住家，岩浆所到处浓烟滚滚。在一片漆黑中可见多处大火，火光十分刺眼。基拉韦厄火山经过相对平静的一天后，周日又火力全开，将岩浆喷到300英尺高空，又侵蚀了半英里土地，共有35处建筑遭摧毁。

There have been 1,800 residents evacuated from their neighborhoods where cracks have been opening and spilling lava.In evacuated areas with relatively low sulfur dioxide levels, residents were allowed to return home for a few hours to collect belongings on Sunday and Monday. Officials said those residents – a little more than half of the evacuees — were allowed to return briefly, and they would continue to allow residents in if it could be done safely.

由于地面开裂、岩浆涌出，1800社区居民被疏散。周六周日，在二氧化硫浓度不高的被疏散区域，居民获准回家几个小时收拾家中物品。当地官员称，这些居民——约占被疏散居民总数的半数多些——被准许回家短暂停留，并且在保证安全的前提下，允许其他居民回家。

“Things got pretty active,” an official said at a Saturday press conference. “The eight volcanoes were pretty active, to the point where lava was spewing and the flow started spreading so we got additional damage out there.I’m not sure wh at the count is, but we thought it was just continuing to go. Fortunately, seismicity has laid down and the volcanoes have gone quiet now.” But officials had cautioned that while the lava flow was quiet, it wouldn’t be for long. “More volcanoes could open up, the existing ones could get active again.” There’s a lot of lava under the ground so eventually it’s going to come up.”

“这些火山变的很活跃，”一位官员在周六举行的新闻发布会上称，“有八个火山变的很活跃，岩浆喷出后，四处扩散，因此我们那里损失又多了些。我现在还不了解损失总数，但我们认为这个数字仍在不断攀升。庆幸地是，现在地震强度已经减弱，火山也开始平息下来了。”但是官员警告称，虽然岩浆流动慢下来了，

但是不会维持太久。“还有更多地火山可能会爆发，现有的火山可能再次变得活跃。”地表下面有许多岩浆，这些岩浆最终会喷发出来。

The island was also rocked by a earthquake on Friday, which caused landslides near the coast, but minimal structural damage. The United States Geological Survey (USGS) said Sunday the island had experienced more than 500 earthquakes – 13 with a magnitude greater than — in the 24 hours following the quake. But, the concern for residents continues to be the lava and gas emitted from volcanoes.“The lava is definitely destroying people’s homes—we don’t have an exact count – but it is a devastating situation.” Hawaii County head said Saturday. “There’s no way we could’ve predicted this.”

夏威夷大岛周五发生级地震，导致海岸附近出现滑坡，但建筑物没出现什么损坏。美国地质调查局（USGS）周日表示，大岛发生级地震后，在24小时内又发生了500多次余震，其中13次震级超过级。然而，居民所担心的依然是火山喷出的岩浆和气体。“岩浆肯定还在摧毁人们的房子——我们目前还没有得到确切的数字——但情况十分严重。”夏威夷郡负责人周六称，“我们也没有办法预测到现在这种情况。”

【英译中】【Passage 2】

Just as in America, in Britain too, the story told by official statistics does not

always match people’s experience.That is especially true in places like Newcastle, a former shipbuilding city, which lost out to competition from Asia in the 1970s and has seen living standards stagnate ever since.The . economy, we are told, is booming.

比如，在美国，还有英国，官方统计数据和人们的感受并不总是相符，这种情况对诸如纽卡斯尔这样的城市来说尤为如此。纽卡斯尔此前曾是一个造船城市，20世纪70年代不敌来自亚洲国家的竞争，人民生活水平从此一直停滞不前。我们被告知，美国经济正快速发展。

In the past two quarters, gross domestic product has risen by more than 3%, the stock market is soaring and unemployment is down to a 17-year low of %. Many people, though,don’t feel that upside.The perception gap is huge. Unemployment, more broadly measured, is higher than the headline number suggests because many people have simply given up looking for work or are working in part-time jobs when they want a full-time job.

前两个季度，国内生产总值（GDP）增长超3%，股市飘红，失业率降至%，创17年来的新低。但是，许多人感受不到这种经济增长。数据和人们感知之间的差距十分巨大。若从广义程度上衡量失业率，那么它则要比报纸头条刊登的数字要高些，因为许多人干脆不找工作了，或者在找工作时做着兼职工作。

One of the prime faults of GDP is that it deals in averages and hide the inequality. And averages don’t tell us very much at all.Barring a few recessions,the . economy has been on a near relentless upward path since the 1950s. Yet according to a Pew Research Center report, the average hourly wage for nonmanagement private-sector work was $ in 2014, just $ higher than in 1964, adjusted for inflation.

GDP的一个主要缺陷就是它反映的是总数和平均数。看总数的话，就看不到不平等的一面，而平均数根本没有什么实质性的信息。美国经济自20世纪50年代以来除了几次经济衰退外，一直不断高速增长。但皮尤研究中心（Pew Research Center）的一份报告表明，扣除通货膨胀因素后，2014年私营部门非管理层员工的时薪为美元，比1964年仅多出美元。

Studies suggest that people care more about relative than absolute wealth.If that is true, then as a minority have become richer, the majority have grown more miserable. In a famous experiment carried out at Emory University, two monkeys were put side by side and given cucumbers as a reward for performing a task. When one of the monkeys was given better-tasting grapes instead, the monkey receiving cucumbers became distraught,flinging its now despised reward at its trainer.The problems with using GDP as a barometer go beyond masking inequality.

多项研究显示，比起绝对所得，人们更加关心相对所得。如果事实是那样的话，在少数人变富的同时，多数人就得变的更穷。埃默里大学（Emory University）做过一个的着名实验，将两只猴子放在一起，每完成一项任务就奖励一根黄瓜。将给一只猴子的黄瓜替换成更美味的葡萄后，另一只猴子变的十分狂乱起来，并拿嫌弃的黄瓜砸向训练人员。除了掩盖经济不平等情况这个弊端外，将GDP作为经济晴雨表还存在其他问题。

Invented in the US in the 1930s,the figure is a child of the manufacturing age–good at measuring physical production but not the services that dominate modern economies. How would GDP measure the quality of mental-health care or the availability of day-care centers and parks in your area Even the Belarusian economist who practically invented GDP do not like the fact that it counted armaments and financial speculation as positive outputs. Above all, he said,GDP should never be confused with well-being.That suggests we need to find different ways of measuring our success.For the most part,we have become obsessed with a single measure that offers only limited information.

GDP是美国在20世纪30年代提出的，属于制造业时代的产物，适用于统计物质生产，却不适合衡量在现代经济中处于主导地位的各种服务。GDP如何衡量精神健康护理的质量，如何衡量社区周围的日托中心和公园的存在价值即便是实际发明GDP的白俄罗斯经济学家也不喜欢将军备和金融投机归入到GDP统计中。他说，总之，永远不要将GDP与民生混为一谈。这意味着我们需要寻找其他方法

来衡量经济增长的成就。但是在大多数情况下，我们只信奉单一的衡量方法（即GDP），虽然它提供信息的有限。

中译英

译前认知：第一篇文章选自2016年4月19日有关网络安全和信息化工作座谈会上的讲话内容。看似简单陈述和概括总结的话语，然而要理解透彻，翻译出一定的水平。其实很有难度。

译文风格和遣词造句的把控：将直译与意译进行有机结合。即：该忠实陈述的，考生要坚持忠实的翻译原则；而不该平铺直叙的成分和句段，考生要做到意译的合理嫁接。避免一条道走到黑。同时，一定要抓住句子的主干，做到胸有成竹，再下笔翻译。不要看完就立刻翻译，而是要搞清楚的句子的主干与修饰成分，理清前后句子的内在逻辑关系后，再下笔安排遣词造句，这才是有的放矢。从而，也从根本上避免了语言的无序、逻辑混乱和主次含糊的嫌疑。

Passage One

原文：互联网是一个社会信息大平台，亿万网民在上面获得信息、交流信息，这会对他们的求知途径、思维方式、价值观念产生重要影响，特别是会对他们(、)对国家、对社会、对工作、对人生的看法产生重要影响。网民来自老百姓，老百姓上了网，民意也就上了网。各级党政机关和领导干部要学会通过网络与公众保持联系(走群众路线)，经常上网(，)看看，聊聊天、发发声，了解群众所思所愿，收集好想法好建议，积极回应网民关切、解疑释惑。

译家精编译文：As a large platform for social information, the Internet has an important effect on their ways of seeking knowledge and mode of thinking as well as values especially on their views to the country, society and work and life now that it enables hundreds of millions of netizens to get and exchange information. Party and government organs and leading cadres at all levels should learn to keep in touch

with the public through the Internet, for instance, we can often surf the Internet, chat and voice to understand what the masses think and want, collect good ideas and suggestions and actively respond to netizens' concerns, solve doubts and confusions based on the fact that public opinions are consciously expressed in Internet by netizens from common people.

译家深入翻译解析要义：

1）本大段，由两个独立的句子组成。所以，第一句主要是在说互联网，语意主干是互联网对网民产生了重要影响，而其他的成分诸如：求知途径、思维方式、价值观念，对他们(、)对国家、对社会、对工作、对人生的看法等等，均为围绕主干而展开的修饰和补充说明成分。同时，从整体上，对互联网本身的特质做了阐释，即：互联网允许网民获得信息并对信息进行交流。

2）第二大段，旨在说明各级党政机关应该怎么做的问题。即：应该与公众保持联系(走群众路线)，经常上网(，)看看，聊聊天、发发声，了解群众所思所愿，收集好想法好建议，积极回应网民关切、解疑释惑。因为网民来自老百姓，老百姓上了网，民意也就上了网。所以前后成分互为因果。

3）结合文章出处，应采用第一人称“我们”，这样才能做到先入为主。并且全文的重中之重都在于“我们要怎样做的问题”。所以，采用译文“we”来做句子的主语，并进行合理的句段搭建，意义十分重大。抓住了“我们”，也就抓住了整篇文章主干中的主干。

原文：网民大多数是普通群众，来自各行各业(四面八方)，各自经历不同，观点和想法肯定是五花八门的，不能要求他们对所有问题都看得那么准、说得那么对。要多一些包容和耐心，对建设性意见要及时吸纳，对困难(的人)要及时帮助，对不了解情况的要及时宣介，对模糊认识要及时廓清，对怨气怨言要及时化解，对错误看法要及时引导和纠正。

译家精编译文：We should not only be more tolerant and patient, absorb constructive opinions in time, help those who are in difficulties in time, publicize those who do not know the situations timely, clear up vague knowledge timely, resolve complaints and grievances in time and guide and correct their wrong views in time, but also cannot ask them to view all the issues so accurately and say so correctly under the background that the varied opinions and ideas are originated from their owned different experience from all walks of life and most of the netizens are from ordinary people.

译家深入翻译解析要义：

1）本大段，对“我们” 提出了两方面的“要求”。即：第一，我们要多一些包容和耐心，对建设性意见要及时吸纳，对困难(的人)要及时帮助，对不了解情况的要及时宣介，对模糊认识要及时廓清，对怨气怨言要及时化解，对错误看法要及时引导和纠正。第二，我们不能要求网民对所有问题都看得那么准、说得那么对。

2）结合我国的现实情况。即：网民大多数是普通群众，来自各行各业(四面八方)，各自经历不同，观点和想法肯定五花八门。本句的主干在于观点和想法五花八门。其余成分则为围绕主干而进行的补充说明。

3）搞清楚句子成分，前后关系，那么文章的遣词造句和整体操控将译如反掌。

最后，鉴于时间和精力关系，对Passage 2的真题不再进行抢先试译。对Catti

二级英语实战翻译真题感兴趣的人群，可及时参加由译家举行的Catti二级笔译翻译真题的辅导与培训方案。一站式地掌握Catti二级笔译真题的翻译精髓！

2018-05

英译中

Passage One: Near Cambodia's Temple Ruins, a Devotion to Learning

走进破败的柬埔寨庙宇，感受学习的热情。

Millions of tourists come here every year to visit the ancient ruins of Angkor Wat, an influx that has helped transform what once resembled a small, laid-back village into a thriving and cosmopolitan town with thumping nightlife and more than 10,000 hotel rooms.

每年，都有数以百万计的游客造访吴哥窟，以观赏当地古老的历史遗迹，而这个游客聚居之地，也一改往日偏僻村落的闲适之常态，一举成为一座经济发展呈迅猛之势的国际化城镇。一万间宾馆客房拔地而起，赋予游客激情四射的夜生活。

But the explosion of the tourism industry here has also done something less predictable. Siem Reap, which had no universities a decade ago, is now Cambodia’s second-largest hub for higher education, after the capital, Phnom Penh.

但是，吴哥窟旅游业的爆棚式发展，也取得了某些意料之外的成果。十年前，暹粒还是一片学术的不毛之地，而今，暹粒已发展壮大成为柬埔寨第二大高等教育中心，高等院校规模仅次于首都金边。

The sons and daughters of impoverished rice farmers flock here to work as tour guides, receptionists, bartenders and waitresses. When their shifts are over, they study finance, English and accounting.

来自贫困稻农家的儿女们，一股脑地涌向暹粒。他们在这里要么做导游，要么从事接待工作；要么做调酒师，从事服务生的活计。每及轮班结束后，他们便会一头扎进金融、英语和会计的学习之中。

The establishment of five private universities here is helping to transform the work force in this part of Cambodia. Employers say that English proficiency is rising and that workers who attend universities stand out for their ability to express themselves and make decisions. A generation of students who would otherwise have had little hope to study beyond high school are enduring grueling schedules to get a degree and pursue their dreams.

暹粒设立的五所私立大学，正为改观当地的劳动人口推波助澜。老板们表示，员工的英语水平正在飞跃，接受高等教育的员工能表达自己的意愿，然后作出相应的决策，从而，也就容易在职场中脱颖而出。这一代学生本未对在高中毕业后继续深造寄予厚望，而现在，他们正在努力地完成繁重的学业，以期获得学位，追寻梦想。

Khim Borin, a 26-year-old tour guide by day and law student by night, says he wants to become a lawyer. But he sometimes has trouble staying awake in class during the high tourist season, when he spends hours scaling vertiginous temple steps and baking in the tropical sun.

时年26岁的金波林，白天做导游，晚上却是一名主修法律的学生。波林声称，他梦想成为一名律师。然而，在旅游的旺季，他每天都要爬上那令人晕眩的神庙台阶，且还不得不在热带阳光的炙烤下暴晒数个小时，这不免让他在晚间的课堂上心力交瘁。

But the symbiosis of work and study here came together without any master plan.

而在暹粒，工作与学习相得益彰，并无任何的总体规划。

It was driven largely by supply and demand: universities opened to cater to the dreams of Cambodia’s youth — and offered flexible hours in sync with the rhythms of the tourist industry.

供求关系是其中最主要的推动因素：开办大学就是要为柬埔寨的年轻人实现夙愿，按照旅游业的工作节奏，灵活地设置学习课时。

After graduation, students who work and study at the same time often have an edge over fresh graduates who have never worked before, for whom starting a career can be difficult, Ms. Chan and others say. University students are “more communicative,” she said. “If they don’t like something, they speak out.”

陈女士和其他人皆表示，相较于那些没有工作经验的应届生，半工半读的学生往往在毕业后有着更大的优势，那些从未工作过的学生在其职业生涯的起始阶段总难免挫折。陈女士还认为，“大学生‘与人交流起来更加坦率’。对于不喜之事物，他们定会和盘托出。”

Ms. Chan and others say they are lucky that Angkor’s temples have proved so popular with tourists. If it were not for the sandstone structures nestled in the

jungles, Siem Reap would probably have remained a backwater. Last year, million tourists visited Siem Reap, half of them foreigners, according to the Cambodian Ministry of Tourism.

陈女士等人还说，吴哥窟神庙能如此地备受游客追捧，那是多么地幸运倍至。若不是出于这片丛林里的砂岩建筑群，暹粒可能仍然还是一个闭塞的小村落。据柬埔寨旅游部统计，去年共计有330万游客造访暹粒，而其中一半的游客为外来人士。

英译中

Passage Two

Faculty shortage could thwart India's education dream

师资短缺已成为印度教育梦的绊脚石

本标题的翻译主要集中在对单词thwart的准确释义上。翻译新手往往会字对字进行翻译，而且对thwart的理解偏颇。Could thwart说明了Faculty shortage对India's education dream的直接影响。所以，既要避免字对字，又要兼顾文采，还要译文传神。那我认为可以抛开原文的语序限定，将thwart直接翻译为绊脚石。从而，起到一箭三调的作用。

At one of the better colleges in India's capital, there is just one large room for 140 faculty members to sit and have a cup of tea or grade papers. "If even half show up, there aren't enough chairs," said Amin, a history professor there. "There is no other place to work. In this situation, how do you expect teachers to work"

玛丽学院，作为印度首都新德里设施较好的学院之一，也只配备了一个大房间，以供140名教工集体休憩或阅卷。“即便该房间只容留70名教职员工，那办公座椅也不够用，”玛丽学院的一位历史学教授阿明如是说。“在别无他处办公的窘境下，教员们该怎么安心工作呀”

本段原文英语看似简短、平淡，实则暗藏的语义内容较为丰富。这就需要充分发挥汉语的优势，对原文进行细致的解剖和深入的语言雕琢。首句：At one of the better colleges in India's capital, there is just one large room for 140 faculty members to sit and have a cup of tea or grade papers. 本段理解主要集中在单词better，句子there is just one large room和句子to sit and have a cup of tea的理解上。Better一定要翻译出较好的意思，而且根据上下文，要在译文进行增译处理。即：不仅仅要翻译出较好，还得强调是设施较好。否则不但体现不出既定的语境，

而且还会为下一句的遣词造句之顺利出场增加唐突性。句子there is just one large room的理解，一定要翻译出仅仅/只配备有一个大房间。而句子to sit and have a cup of tea，其中的to sit可以翻译为就坐，但这样显得译文过于平淡，如果将就坐和喝茶一起来理解的话，无非就是休息或者休憩。所以，have a cup of tea其实是可以做省译处理。后句和尾句："If even half show up, there aren't enough chairs," said Amin, a history professor there. "There is no other place to work. In this situation, how do you expect teachers to work"这两句在理解上，难度都不算大。但还是有一些需要注意的地方，比如history professor，千万不能翻译为历史教授，正确的理解为历史学教授。而尾句"There is no other place to work. In this situation, how do you expect teachers to work"鉴于语意的连贯性，可以将其一道整合起来理解，尽量避免字对字。

The lack of amenities for faculty members is not the only issue. After 30 years at Mary College, which is one of dozens administered by the University of Delhi, Ms. Amin makes the equivalent of

$22,000 a year - less than half of what some of her better students will make in their first jobs. New opportunities offer not just more money for graduates but also mobility and flexibility, which are virtually unheard of for faculty at most of India's colleges and universities.

然而，印度教育所面临的问题不仅仅是教员设施的不足。尽管，阿明女士在贵为德里大学下设的其中之一所院校的玛丽学院已执教30载，但她的年薪只有22,000美元。这样的薪资还不及她执教过的那些得意门生们首份工作年薪的一半。新的机遇不仅仅为大学毕业生带来了更为丰厚的经济回报，而且还为工作赋予了流动性和灵活性，而这些福利都是印度大学教员们闻所未闻的。

本段原文英语依然延续了简洁的表达文风，将教员与大学毕业生的收入进行了强烈的对比。故，在对本段汉语译文的编织中，要尤其注意感情色彩的铺陈和合理演绎。整句看似形容结构很繁杂，其实主旨就一条，那就是印度教育所面临的问题不仅仅是教员设施的不足，还有收入回报悬殊的问题。本段几乎无语言难点，全文只需要抓住After 30 years at Mary College, which is one of dozens administered by the University of Delhi这一句，并对其进行合理的语言架构，突出句子暗含的感情色彩。一定要翻译出玛丽学院贵为德里大学的下设院校，突出玛丽学院的身份和优越性，从而进一步凸显主人公阿明案例的代表性。把控好该段的核心要义，则整句的遣词造句便是顺理成章，水到渠成。

All this means that India is facing a severe shortage of faculty members. But it is not just low pay and lack of facilities that are being blamed. According to a government

report published last year, a massive expansion in higher education combined with a poor supply of PhD's, delays in recruitment and the lack of incentives to attract and nurture talent has led to a situation in which 40 percent of existing faculty positions remain vacant. The report's authors, mostly academics, found that if the shortfall is calculated using the class size recommended by the government, this figure jumps to 54 percent.

诸此种种，无不意味着印度正遭遇着教工严重短缺的问题。但不能将其仅仅归咎于薪资低廉和设施匮乏。根据去年发布的一份政府报告，高等教育的大规模扩张，博士数量的供不应求，加之招聘滞后与吸纳和培养人才激励措施的缺乏。这一切致使现有教职工岗位空缺率高达40％。该份政府报告的作者大多从事学术研究，他们研究发现，如果按照印度政府倡导的班级规模来计算话，则现有教职工岗位空缺率将骤增至54％。

本段虽然句子较为分散，但是语意很是连贯。详细讲述了造成师资短缺的根源。本段语言难点也较少，全文的难点在于According to a government report published last year, a massive expansion in higher education combined with a poor supply of PhD's, delays in recruitment and the lack of incentives to attract and nurture talent has led to a situation in which

40 percent of existing faculty positions remain vacant对这个长句的理解上。鉴于该句修饰成分较多，翻译的时候要拿捏好哪些是铺垫成分，哪些是句子的主干，而哪些是从句。哪些是概括，哪些是解释成分。搞清楚句子的复杂结构，本句的翻译可谓峰回路转，柳暗花明。学员可以根据译文，来揣度这其中的深意。

Experts say this is the clearest sign that India will fail to meet the goal set by the education minister, who has pledged to more than double the size of the country's higher education system by 2020. They say that while the ambition is laudable, the absence of a long-term strategy to develop faculty will ensure that India's education dream remains just that.

专家们表示，这清晰地表明印度将难以实现其教育部长所设定的目标，即承诺将在2020年前使印度高等教育学生的数量翻一番。专家们一致认为，虽然这一雄心壮志值得嘉许，但由于缺乏培育教员的长期战略，印度的教育梦也只能是空想。

本段语言较为概括。本段语言难点也较少，难点在于对尾句They say that while the ambition is laudable, the absence of a long-term strategy to develop faculty will ensure that India's education dream remains just that的理解上。要揣摩句子间的情感转折色彩，remains just that在此可理解为搁浅或者空想。Mr. Balakrishnan of

Indian institute of technology in Delhi, meanwhile, was more optimistic. He felt India could enroll as much as 25 percent of eligible students in colleges and universities - about twice the current figure - by the end of this decade. "Tangible changes are happening," he said. "The debate that has happened in the last few years has taken people out of their comfort zones. There is more consensus across the board that we need to scale quality education."

而位于德里的印度理工学院巴拉科瑞斯南先生则持更为乐观的态度。他认为，到2020年，印度届时可从高等学府招募到25%的优秀毕业生作为高教职工。这个比率约为现今的两倍。“真实的变化正在进行，”巴拉科瑞斯南先生如是说。“过去这几年间喋喋不休的论辩结果就是人们已经走出了安乐窝。普及素质教育，已然成为所有人的共识。”

本段应该算整篇文章的压轴段落。原文语言不仅精简，而且晦涩难懂。还掺杂了一些不太常用的表达。让人不得不佩服出题官的用心良苦。本段难点主要集中在词组Comfort zones的准确释意和结尾两句The debate that has happened in the last few years has taken people out of their comfort zones. There is more consensus across the board that we need to scale quality education的理解。这两句我结合全文进行了个性化的语言编织，旨为翻译学员提供一种理解维度。

中译英

Passage One

2000多年前，亚欧大陆上勤劳勇敢的人民，探索出多条连接亚欧非几大文明的贸易和人文交流通路，后人将其统称为“丝绸之路”。千百年来，“和平合作、开放包容、互利共赢”的丝绸之路精神薪火相传，极大地促进了沿线各国繁荣发展。

More than two millennia ago, the valiant and industrious people from Eurasia have explored several routes for trade and people-to-people exchanges linking the major civilizations of Asia, Europe and Africa, which are collectively called the Silk Road by later generations. For thousands of years, the Silk Road Spirit of "peace and cooperation, openness and inclusiveness, mutual benefit and win-win situations" has been passed from generation to generation, greatly promoting both prosperity and development of those countries along the Silk Road.

进入21世纪，面对复苏乏力的全球经济形势，纷繁复杂的国际和地区局面，传承和弘扬丝绸之路精神更显重要。“一带一路”建设是一项系统工程，要坚持共商、共建、共享原则，积极推进沿线国家发展战略的相互对接。“一带一路”致力于亚欧非大陆及附近海洋的互联互通，建立和加强沿线各国互联互通伙伴关系，构建

全方位、多层次互联互通网络，实现沿线各国多元、自主、平衡、可持续的发展。“一带一路”的互联互通项目将发掘区域内市场的潜力，促进投资和消费，创造需求和就业，增进沿线各国人民的人文交流。

In the 21st century, it is more important for the Silk Road Spirit to be inherited and expanded in face of the weak recovery of the world economy and complex international as well as regional situations. In the principle of shared deliberation, actively promoting mutual docking of Development Strategies along the Silk Road will be a pressing matter of the moment now that “the Belt and Road Initiative” is a systematic project.

“一带一路”的互联互通项目将发掘区域内市场的潜力，促进投资和消费，创造需求和就业，增进沿线各国人民的人文交流。

The Belt and Road Initiative aims to promote the connectivity of Asian, European and African continents as well as their adjacent seas, establish and strengthen partnerships among the countries along the Belt and Road, establish all-dimensional and multi-tiered connectivity networks, so as to achieve diversified, independent, balanced and sustainable development of all these countries. The connectivity projects of “the Belt and Road Initiative” will tap potential of regional market, improve investment and consumption, create demands and employments, and enhance people-to-people exchanges among all relevant countries.

Passage Two

2016年，中国的一个三口之家的碳排放量平均为吨。目前，这个数字已升至吨。而在北京、上海、广州等大城市，每个家庭的平均碳排放量已接近10吨。碳汇(Carbon Sink)主要是指森林吸收并储存二氧化碳的能力。森林是陆地生态系统中最大的碳汇库。在降低大气中温室气体浓度、减缓全球气候变暖中具有十分重要的独特作用。

In 2016, the carbon emission of a family with three members in China averaged tons, but now, it has risen to tons. In metropolises such as Beijing, Shanghai and Guangzhou and so on, the average carbon emission of each household is close to 10 tons. Carbon Sink function refers to the capability that a forest absorbs and stores carbon dioxides as forests are the largest carbon sinks of the terrestrial ecosystem, which play an important and unique role in reducing the concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere and reliving global warming.

据统计数字，每人每年只需要种3棵树，就可以吸收个人当年排放的二氧化碳。目前中国正在开展公众可参加的碳汇林项目，如将建四川大熊猫栖息地的熊猫碳汇林项目等。作为碳排放大户的一些企业也已行动起来，先后在全国十多个省区建碳汇林60多万公顷。中国将推广购买碳汇、种植碳汇林等行动，加快植树造林步伐，增加森林碳汇功能。

As the statistics indicate that a person only plants three trees per year capable of absorbing the carbon dioxide he/she has emitted into the atmosphere. At present, China is developing the carbon sink projects allow the public to participate in, for instance, the carbon sink project is built for the Sichuan Giant Panda Sanctuaries. And accordingly, as major carbon emitters, some enterprises have also taken actions to plant more than 600,000 hectares of carbon sink forests in a dozen provinces and regions around China. China will promote the purchase of carbon sinks and plantation of carbon sink forests, so as to speed up afforestation and perfect the function of forest carbon sink.

catti二级笔译2008年5月汉译英真题

汉译英： 试题一：必作题（汉译英）（20分） 从19世纪80年代之后的鸦片战争、甲午战争，到庚子之乱乃至20世纪30年代的日本侵华战争，中国惨遭东西方列强的屠戮和极其野蛮的经济掠夺；再加上封建腐败和连年内乱，中国主权沦丧、生灵涂炭、国力衰弱、民不聊生。深重的灾难、惨痛的事实使中华民族深知和平之珍贵、发展之重要。这样的历史实践形成了中国人民渴望和平、企求安定的心理，坚定了中国人民走和平发展道路的信念。 1949年新中国成立后，我们在发展道路上艰辛探索，既经历过成功的喜悦，也经受过失败的挫折。从1978年开始，中国开启了新的征程，从计划转向市场，从封闭转向开放，从自成一体转向融入经济全球化，走独立自主地建设中国特色社会主义的道路，取得了举世瞩目的辉煌成就。实践充分证明，坚持走和平发展的道路是正确的，既符合中国国情，又顺应时代潮流。中国将沿着这条和平发展的道路，坚定不移地走下去。 试题二：选作题（泽译英）（20分） 1968年我从北京来到陕西，惟一挂念的是在故乡身患绝症的老母亲。母亲的时日已经不多，身边再无亲人，离别成为我心中最沉重的痛。 惟一能传递母亲信息的就是那枚小小的邮票。母亲当时已经双目失明，信是让别人代写的，内容千篇一律的干枯，邮票却是母亲自己摸索着贴上去的，她贴了一叠信封，随用随取，为的是不给别人添麻烦。 每回接到母亲来信，我都要抚摸贴在信封右上角的邮票，那是母亲亲手贴上去的，它贴得规正却无画面感，很多时候是头朝下的，因为母亲根本看不见，她是凭感觉在贴。 邮票残留着母亲的手印，承载着母亲的挂念，那上面有母亲的气息。凝视中，我常常泪眼模糊…… 来自母亲的邮票一张一张地攒着，它们是母亲的替代。我对邮票的认识源自于此。

2019年CATTI二级笔译英译汉真题及参考答案

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(完整版)2018全年CATTI二级笔译试题+解析(完整版)

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Section 1 V ocabulary and Grammar (60 points) This section consists of 3 parts. Read the direction for each part before answering the questions. Part 1 V ocabulary Selection In this part, there are 20 incomplete sentences. Below each sentence, there are 4 choices marked by letters A, B, C, and D respectively. Choose the word which best completes each sentence. There is only ONE right answer. Blacken the corresponding letter as required on your machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET. 1. From a young age, children begin a continuous process of evaluating themselves in the _____ of the opinions and comments of those around them. a. contrast b. return c. light d. spite 2. If you’re forced outside for hours ____ end, especially doing something physical, consider dumping water over your head or on your neck. a. at b. to c. in d. on 3. One reason for the cost of wave power is the need to make the equipment _____ to storm damage and corrosion. a. impassable b. impertinent c. imperious d. impervious 4. The study found that one in four people has missed an important appointment, and that nearly one in five has fallen ____ with a friend

2019年catti笔译二级试题：宜家

英格瓦·坎普拉德可不是一般的亿万富翁。这位宜家家具帝国的创始人乘坐经济舱旅行，开着一辆有十年历史的沃尔沃汽车，总是下午去买水果和蔬菜，因为这时价格往往便宜些。如果有人问他生活中有什么奢侈的消费时，他的回答是：我偶尔喜欢买一件高档衬衫或一条围巾，吃点瑞典鱼子酱。? 坎普拉德先生是战后欧洲最杰出企业家之一。宜家创建于1943，当时仅仅从事邮购业务，现如今已经发展成为在全球31个国家经营，员工总数超过7万的国际化零售业巨头。 宜家的销售额逐年上涨。宜家的产品目录是全世界印数最多的印刷品，每年达到不可思议的1.1亿册。坎普拉德先生也变得异常富有。根据美国《福布斯》杂志，他的身价达到134亿美元(87亿英镑)，位列全球第17位。 宜家之所以取得了令人惊异的成功，首先是因为它那简单得令人难以置信的经营理念：向老百姓提供设计精美而又买得起的家具。其次就是坎普拉德本人，有魅力、谦逊、随和。他的思想和价值观绝对是宜家哲学的核心。 坎普拉德先生因生活极其节俭而闻名遐迩。他清洗用过的塑料杯以便再次利用。前不久，他决定不再让那位已经为他理发多年的瑞典理发师继续为他提供服务，原因是在现居地瑞士他找到一位理发师，每次只收14瑞士法郎(6英镑)。?这数字合理，?他笑着说。 宜家所有的高管都十分了解成本意识的重要性。公司不鼓励他们乘坐头等舱或商务舱旅行。?最好的领导方式是以身作则?，坎普拉德先生说过，?让我坐头等舱，而让我的同事们坐旅游舱，是我绝对不能接受的。?

他巡视宜家集团的店铺时，他总是要和员工们握手或拥抱，以此向员工传递一种?伙伴?的感觉，这种做法在瑞典绝不多见。?叫我英格瓦，?他对员工说。他不喜欢打领带，而是喜欢敞开衬衫的领口，这样的衣着方式也突显了他的不拘礼节和没有等级观念。 在个人生活方面和事业方面坎普拉德先生都经历过艰苦的奋斗过程。他一直与读写困难症和其他疾病抗争。 他性格中很突出的一点就是对细节的偏执性关注。巡视他的商店时，他不仅和经理们交谈，还要和最基层的员工以及顾客们交谈。在最近一次视察宜家的六家瑞典门店时，他说，?发现了100个需要讨论的细节性问题。? 在他自己看来，他最大的优点就是选择正确的人员来管理他的企业。 他下定决心不让宜家集团上市，因为股东的短期要求和企业长期的规划会有冲突。?我讨厌急功近利的决策。如果你想实施长效的决策，上市后就很难了。进入俄罗斯市场时，我们就曾不得不决定要亏损十年。? 自1986年从集团总裁位置上退下来以后，坎普拉德先生就慢慢地从业务中淡出。尽管他承认自己非常不愿意完全退出，但他仍然坚持说自己是?参与过多，过问的细节太多。?问题是：假如没有坎普拉德先生，宜家能否恒久存在?宜家是否太过于依赖其创始人?宜家控制权渐渐从坎普拉德先生转移到他的三个儿子手中以后，宜家帝国能否继续辉煌? 【参考译文】

CATTI 二级笔译历年真题以及答案2006至2017

https://www.sodocs.net/doc/8f7867820.html, CATTI二级笔译历年真题以及答案 英汉翻译八大注意事项 陈炳发全国翻译专业资格（水平）考试英语专家委员会委员 有幸多次参与国家人事部组织、外文局实施并管理的全国翻译资格(水平)考试的阅卷、质检工作，我发现，一些考生翻译水平还是不错的，但对于翻译的基本常识缺乏了解，不知道如何规范地处理数字、人名、地名、机构名、缩略语以及其他问题，因而或多或少地影响了个人的成绩。以下是我收集整理的一些考试中常见的“雷区”，可能对考生提高考试成绩有所助益。 一、数字 关于数字用法的问题，国家主管部门已有具体规定，各翻译出版机构以及一些国际组织也有自己的专门规定。有志于从事翻译职业的人应该对这些有起码的了解。 一般的规定是，对于纯粹属于计量或统计范畴的数值，无论原文是否使用阿拉伯数字，译文一般用阿拉伯数字。例如：原文“654,321,000”，译文中照抄“654,321,000”即可;不能译为6亿5千4百32万1千。原文“fifty million”，可译为“5 000万”;不能译为“五十百万”，

https://www.sodocs.net/doc/8f7867820.html, 或“50百万”。对于万以上数字，中文一般以“万”和“亿”为单位;原文“half a billion”，可译为“5亿”。原文“five trucks”，可译为“5辆卡车”;原文“3-4 percent”，可译为“3%-4%”;原文“five percentage points”，可译为“5个百分点”。 原文用英文数字或罗马数字表示的，除纯粹属于计量或统计范畴的数值的情况外，译文用汉字。例如：原文“Chapter II”，可译为“第二章”，不能译为“第2章”;原文“Committee of Twenty-four”，可译为“二十四国委员会”，不能译为“24国委员会”;原文“Sixty-fourth Session”，可译为“第六十四届会议”，不能译为“第64届会议”。 在原文中，数字如作为词素构成固定的词、词组、惯用语、缩略语、具有修辞色彩的语句，以及邻近两个数字连用表示概数的情况，则译文中可使用汉字;整数一至十，如果不是出现在具有统计意义的一组数字中，可以用汉字，但要照顾到上下文，以便求得局部体例上的一致。例如：原文“quarter”，应译为“四分之一”;原文“three to four people”，则译为“三四人”;原文“Third World”，可译为“第三世界”;原文“several thousand people”，则译为“几千人”;原文“five principles”，可译为“五项原则”;原文“four or five hundred”，可译为“四五百”;原文“well over sixty”，可译为“六十好几了(年龄)”, 原文“50-odd years old”，可译为“五十出头”, 原文“a little over 30 years old”，可译为“三十挂零”等等。 对于数字的翻译还可以做出许多规定，但对于翻译(水平)考试而言，掌握以上三点就基本可以了。对于不规范的数字表述，诸如“6亿5千4百32万1千”之类，阅卷老师都是要酌情扣分的。

CATTI翻译资格考试二级笔译综合能力及实务真题详解

2003年12英语二级《笔译综合能力》试题 Part1 Summary Writing 1.Read the following English passage and then write a Chinese summary of approximately 300 words that expresses its main ideas and basic information (40 points, 50 minutes) Deceptively small in column inches, a recent New York Times article holds large meaning for us in business. The item concerned one Daniel Provenzano, 38, of Upper Saddle River, N.J. Here is the relevant portion: When he owned a Fort Lee printing company called Advice Inc., Mr. Provenzano said he found out that a sales representative he employment had stolen $9,000. Mr. Provenzano said he told the man that “if he wanted to keep his employment, I would have to break his thumb.” He said another Advice employee drove the sales representative to Holy Name Hospital in Teaneck, broke the thumb with a hammer outside the hospital, and then had a car service take the man home after the thumb was repaired. Mr. Provenzano explained that he “didn’t want to set an example” that workers could get away with stealing. The worker eventually paid back $4,500 and kept his job, he said. I know that you’re thinking: This is an outrage. I, too, was shocked that Provenzano was being prosecuted for his astute management. Indeed, I think his “modest proposal” has a lot to teach managers as they struggle with the problems of our people-centered business environment. Problems such as …. Dealing with the bottom 10%. GE made the system famous, but plenty of companies are using it: Every year you get rid of the worst-evaluated workers. Many managers object that this practice is inhumane, but not dealing with that bottom 10% leads to big performance problems. Provenzano found a kinder, gentler answer. After all, this employee would have been fired virtually anywhere else. But at Advice Inc., he stayed on the job. And you know what? I bet he become a very, very —very —productive employee. For most managers Provenzano’s innovative response will be a welcome new addition to their executive tool kit. And by the way, “executive tool kit” is clearly more than just a metaphor at Advice Inc. Being the employer of choice. With top talent scarce everywhere, most companies now want to be their industry’s or their community’s most desirable. Advice Inc. understood. The employee in question wasn’t simply disciplined in his supervisor’s office and sent home. No, that’s how an ordinary employer would have done it. But at Advice Inc., another employee —the HR manager, perhaps? —took time out his busy day and drove the guy right to the emergency room. And then —the detail that says it all —the company provided a car service to drive the employee home. The message to talented job candidates comes through loud and clear: Advice Inc. is a company that cares. Setting an example to others. An eternal problem for managers is how to let all employees know what happens to those who perform especially well or badly. A few companies actually post everyone’s salary and bonus on their intranet. But pay is so one-dimensional. At Advice Inc., a problem that would hardly be mentioned at most companies —embezzlement —was undoubtedly the topic of rich discussions for weeks, at least until the employee’s cast came off. Any employee theft probably went way, way —way —down. When the great Roberto Goizueta was CEO of Coca-Cola he used to talk about this problem of setting examples and once observed, “Sometimes you must have an execution in the public square!” But of course he was speaking only figuratively. If he had just listened to his own words, Goizueta might have been an even better CEO. Differentiation. This is one of Jack Welch’s favorite concepts —the idea that managers should treat different employees very differently based on performance. Welch liked to differentiate with salary, bonus, and stock options, but now, in what must henceforth be known as the post-Provenzano management era, we can see that GE’s great management thinker just wasn’t thinking big enough. This Times article is tantalizing and frustrating. In just a few sentences it opens a whole new world of management, yet much more surely remains to be told. We must all urge Provenzano to write a book explaining his complete managerial philosophy. 2.Read the following Chinese passage and then write an English summary of approximately 250 words that expresses its central ideas and main viewpoints (40 points, 50 minutes) 越是对原作体会深刻，越是欣赏原文的每秒，越觉得心长力，越觉得译文远远的传达不出原作的神韵。返工的次数愈来愈多，时间也花得愈来愈多，结果却总是不满意。……例如句子的转弯抹角太生硬，色彩单调，说理强而描绘弱，处处都和我性格的缺陷与偏差有关。自然，我并不因此灰心，照样“知其不可为而为之”，不过要心情愉快也很难了。

2018年下半年CATTI英语二级笔译实务真题

2018年下半年CATTI英语二级笔译实务真题 (总分：100.00，做题时间：180分钟) 一、英译汉(总题数：2，分数：50.00) 1. Passage 1 New drone footage gives a glimpse of the damage that parts of Hawaii's Big Island sustained in the wake of volcanic explosions in recent days.Smoke can be seen billowing off the lava as it creeps down roads and through wooded areas toward homes.Fires are visible with terrifying streams of brightness breaking through the surrounding areas of black.After a day of relative calm, Kilauea roared back in full force on Sunday, spewing lava 3,00 feet in the air, encroaching on a half mile of new ground and bringing the total number of destroyed structures to 35.There have been 1,800 residents evacuated from their homes in the Leilani Estates and Lanipuna Gardens neighborhoods where cracks have been opening and spilling lava.In evacuated areas with relatively low sulfur dioxide levels, residents were allowed to return home for a few hours to collect belongings on Sunday and Monday. Officials said those residents -- a little more than half of the evacuees -- were allowed to return briefly, and Magno said they would continue to allow residents in if it could be done safely. "Things got pretty active," an official said at a Saturday press conference." The eight volcanoes were pretty active, to the point where lava was spewing and the flow started spreading so we got additional damage out there. I'm not sure what the count is, but we thought it was just continue to go. Fortunately, seismicity has laid down and the vents have gone quiet now." But officials had cautioned that while the lava flow was quiet, it wouldn't be for long." More volcanoes could open up, the existing ones could get active again. There's a lot of lava or magma under the ground so eventually it's going to come up."The island was also rocked by a 6.9-magnitude earthquake on Friday, which caused landslides near the coast, but minimal structural damage. The United States Geological Survey (USGS) said Sunday the island had experienced more than 500 earthquakes -- 13 with a magnitude greater than 4.0 -- in the 24 hours following the 6.9-magnitude quake.The concern for residents continues to be the lava and gas emitted from vents, though. "This is lava, that is definitely destroying people's homes -- we don't have an exact count -- but it is a devastating situation and it's going to be everyday that it goes on," Hawaii County Managing Director Wil Okabe said Saturday. "Mother nature, there's no way we could've predicted this." （分数：25.00） __________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：( 近日，无人机新拍摄到的画面展现了夏威夷大岛（Hawaii's Big Island）在火山喷发后的破坏景象：岩浆顺着道路缓慢流淌，穿过树林，朝着村舍进发，产生的烟雾翻滚升腾。熊熊烈火闪耀着光芒，照亮四周的黑色区域。经过一天的相对平静期，基拉韦厄火山（Kilauea）于周日再次全力爆发，喷射出的岩浆高达300英尺，半英里土地被侵蚀，总共摧毁了35栋房屋。在地裂和岩浆喷发地区，1800名居民撤离他们居住的社区。而在二氧化硫水平相对较低的地方，居民则被允许在周日和周一抽几个小时回家拿出自己所需的物品。政府官员表示，在确保安全的情况下，大部分被疏散的居民可以暂时回家，后期他们还会允许更多的居民回家。

2016年5月CATTI二级笔译实务真题

2016年5月CATTI二级笔译实务真题 △英译汉 【第一篇】 Jane Goodall was already on a London dock in March 1957when she realized that her passport was missing. In just a few hours, she was due to depart on her first trip to Africa. A school friend had moved to a farm outside Nairobi and, knowing Goodall’s childhood dream was to live among the African wildlife,invited her to stay with the family for a while. Goodall, then 22,saved for two years to pay for her passage to Kenya:waitressing, doing secretarial work, temping at the post office in her hometown, Bournemouth, on England’s southern coast. Now all this was for naught, it seemed. It’s hard not to wonder how subsequent events in her life — rather consequential as they have turned out to be to conservation, to science, to our sense of ourselves as a species — might have unfolded differently had someone not found her passport, along with an itinerary from Cook’s, the travel agency, folded inside, and delivered it to the Cook’s office. An agency representative,documents in hand, found her on the dock. “Incredible,” Goodall told me last month, recalling that day. “Amazing.” Within two months of her arrival, Goodall met the paleontologist Louis Leakey —Nairobi was a small town for its white population in those days —and he immediately offered her a job at the natural-history museum where he was curator. He spent much of the next three years testing her capacity for repetitive work. He believed in a hypothesis first put forth by Charles Darwin that humans and chimpanzees sharean evolutionary ancestor. Close study of chimpanzees in the wild, he thought, might tell us something about that common progenitor. He was, in other words, looking for someone to live among Africa’s wild animals. One night, he told Goodall that he knew just the place where she could do it: Gombe Stream Chimpanzee Reserve, in the British colony of Tanganyika (now Tanzania). In July 1960, Goodall boarded a boat and after a few hours motoring over the warm, deep waters of Lake Tanganyika, she stepped onto the pebbly beach at Gombe. Her finding, published in Nature in 1964, that chimpanzees use tools —extracting insects from atermite mound with leaves of grass —drastically and forever altered humanity’s understanding of itself; man was no longer the natural world’s only user of tools. After two and a half decades of living out her childhood dream, Goodall made an abrupt career shift, from scientist to conservationist. 【第二篇】