《翻译与写作》英语试题答案及评分标准

《翻译与写作》（英语）试题答案及评分标准

Part I Translate the following English Idioms into Chinese. (15 points, 3 points for each)

1)盲人国里，独眼为王。

2)在魔鬼和深海之间。（进退维谷）

3)鸡没孵出来，就去数小鸡（过早乐观）

4)早起的鸟儿有虫吃。

5)单燕不成夏。

Part II. Put the following Chinese sentences into English. (20 points, 4 points for each)

1. Agriculture is the foundation of national economy。

2. Problems must be solved with great effort when they are discovered.

3．By now Xiren’s mother had come out to greet him too, and Xiren led Baoyu in.

4. Eight hours’ sleep must be guaranteed.

5 . A beauty was printed on the cover of the book.

Part III Translate the following English sentences into Chinese. （15 points, 3 points for each)

1)转回来走到大街上，我们加快了步伐，快速奔向小溪边，我们希望船夫在那

里等我们。

2)躲藏了一整天的太阳现在放射出万丈光芒。

3)哈丽特姑妈生活在那个悠闲舒适的年代，那时人们雇佣仆人做家务。

4)在建造一座金属大桥之前，必须考虑金属受热膨胀的现象。

5)目前，对机器人的控制需要一台较大的计算机，但动作缓慢，每个决定需要

进行大量运算。

Part IV Translate the following passage into Chinese. (20 points)

加州大学洛杉矶分校医疗中心的研究人员发现的有趣现象之一是，重症患者若能摆脱压抑的情绪，确实能够改善医疗环境。在一个有75名恶性黑色素瘤患者的实验项目中，人们发现，在病人的精神状态和其免疫系统的工作能力之间存在着直接的联系。（病人的精神状态与其免疫系统的工作能力<功能>直接相关。）

英译汉译文忠实、通顺、流畅，符合汉语语言规范; 汉译英译文忠实、通顺，措辞得当，译文符合英语规范。

Part V Note-writing (10 points.)

参考范文：

Dear George,

I have got a ticket to a computer fair. Though I would like to go there, I am unable to, because I have an important date on that day. As we all know, you am computer crazy; so I enclose the ticket to you. You can get to the fair by taking the No.

6 bus.

Wish you would enjoy yourself there.

All the best.

Yours,

Sally

便条写作的评分标准是根据格式、内容、语法、用词和字数来制定的，采用通篇分档计分，计分标准如下：

10－8分：格式正确，内容切题，表达清楚，文字连贯；句子结构和用词正确。字数符合要求。

7－5分：格式正确，内容切题，表达比较清楚，文字基本连贯；句子结构和用词无重大错误。字数符合要求。

4－2分：格式基本正确，内容基本功题，语句可以理解，但有较多的句子结构和用词错误，字数不够。

2－0分：只有少数句子可理解。

Part VI Writing (20 points.)

参考范文：

The Good and Bad Effects of Advertising

In most countries in the world, advertising is common. You can see posters on doors, signs on buses, pictures in magazines, and commercials on TV. Though these signs of advertising are often disliked, I feel that, overall, advertising has very positive results.

The harmful effects of advertising are obvious. When you are listening to beautiful music on the radio, a commercial is disturbing when it interrupts your program and changes your mood. Television commercials are the worst of all. Your program is stopped, and you are forced to watch an advertisement unless you actively change the channel or leave the room. I think that there should be laws to limit the advertisers’ right to interrupt TV and radio programs.

In general, however, I think that the positive results of advertisements are beneficial to society and individuals. When I do shopping, I can use advertisements in newspapers to compare prices, features, and quality of the product I want to buy. By being more informed, I can buy something that will benefit me in the long run. With

advertisements, people save a lot of time in shopping, looking for jobs, etc.

Adversity leads to prosperity. All in all, for a wise and educated shopper, the helpful effects of advertising outweigh the harmful effects.

短文写作的评分标准是根据内容、组织、语法和用词来制定的，采用通篇分档计分，计分标准如下：

20－17分：内容切题，表达清楚，文字连贯；句式有变化，句子结构和用词正确。文章长度符合要求。

16－13分：内容切题，表达比较清楚，文字基本连贯；句式有一定变化，句子结构和用词无重大错误。文章长度符合要求。

12－9分：内容切题，表达基本清楚，句子结构和用词有少量错误。文章长度符合要求。

8－5分：内容基本功题，语句可以理解，但有较多的句子结构和用词错误。文章长度基本符合要求。

4－1分：只有少数句子可理解。

0分：文不切题，语句混乱、无法理解。

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1调卷令certiorari 2遵循先例：stare decisis 3法系legal family 4大陆法civil law 管辖权jurisdiction 地区法院District court 巡回法院circuit court 治安法庭Justice court 社会主义法socialist law 众议院House of representative 行使exercise 1司法审查judicial review 起诉资格standing 事实上的损害injury in fact 行政协定executive decision共同决议common decision 分权separation of powers 制衡checks and balances 成熟原则ripeness 招标bids 宪法constitution 1刑法criminal law 轻微违法misdemeanor 报税单bill of entry 主观上的过错mental fault 非预谋杀人manslaughter 抢劫robbery 加重的aggravate 绑架kidnapping 盗劫larceny 伪证罪perjury 1the county is the subdivision 2the doctrine ---the maxim 3the federal entity4the enforcement of a claim5statutes or codes 6tradition custom,and precedent 7commom people ,versus legislation 8stare decisis , Latin9legal relationships /legal concept 10judicial branch /judicial dictatorships 1in the precess of a court ascertaining2than to statutory interpretation 3dose not have the ''prolixity"/dose not provide a ready solution 4congress though its "power of the purse" /power as commander -in- chief 5c hecks and balances provided for in the constitution 6and effects against unreasonable searches and seizures 7has no standing to challenge 8the policy of elimination of racial discrimination In places of accommodation/and ending the badges of servitude 1it is punishable by sanctions 2Most crimes or identified in statutes 3punished through imposition penalities 4violation of a misdemeanor 5which were committed before that /enactment of the law 6grand a criminal prosecution7as well as its substantive law 8crimes classified as felonies include murder9 authorized federal jurisdiction 10one can be held criminally liable 1 it is to tell the defendant that 2In US jurisprudence, however 3the right to trial by grand jury/protection against government tyranny 4 The prosecution at trial has the duty 5against arbitrary imposition of the capital punishment 6in an entirely different punishment/prosecution and conviction 7 privilege against self-incrimination8a common assumption abou t the nature of criminality 9"unreasonable" government searches and seizures is stated 10criminal procedure is "adversarial" 1 single issue of law 2dismissed or a defense was lost 3state a claim generally 4adequately represent the interests 5"fairness hearing" 6(the "plaintiff")to file suit in 7violatio n criminal law 8applying substantive law to real disputes 9 on part is entitled to judgment 10common law remedy/ equitable remedies

-翻译与写作2007

安徽大学 2007年攻读硕士学位研究生入学试题 试题名称：综合(翻译与写作)试题代码：318（所有答案必须写在答题纸上，写在试卷或草稿纸上一律无效） I.Translate the following passage into Chinese(50％) The English in fact,are strongly gifted with the rural feeling.They possess a quick sensibility to the beauties of nature,and keen relish for the pleasures and employments of the country.This passion seems inherent in them.Even the inhabitants of cities,born and brought up among brick walls and bustling streets,enter with facility into rural habits,and evince a tact for rural occupation.The merchant has his snug retreat in the vicinity of the metropolis,where he often displays as much pride and zeal in the cultivation of his flower-garden,and the maturing of his fruits,as he does in the conduct of his business, and the success of a commercial enterprise.Even those less fortunate individuals who are doomed to pass their lives in the midst of din and traffic，contrive to have something that shall remind them of the green aspect of nature．In the most dark and dingy quarters of the city,the drawing-room window resembles frequently a bank of flowers；every spot capable of vegetation has its grass-plot and flower-bed;and every square its mimic park，laid out with picturesque taste，and gleaming with refreshing verdure． II．Render the following into English(50％) 理直气和 “小姐！你过来！你过来！”顾客高声喊，指着面前的杯子，满脸寒霜地说，“看看!你们的牛奶是坏的，把我一杯红茶都糟蹋了!” “真对不起！”服务小姐赔不是地笑道，“我立刻给您换一杯。”新红茶很快就准备好了，跟刚才一样，同时还送上一份新鲜的柠檬和牛乳。小姐轻声地说：“我是不是能建议您，如果放柠檬，就不要加牛奶，因为有时候柠檬酸会造成牛奶结块。”顾客的脸一下子红了，匆匆喝完茶，走了。 有人问服务小姐：“明明是他‘土’，你为什么不还以一点颜色给他？他那么粗鲁地叫你， 你为什么不直说呢？” “正因为他粗鲁，所以要用婉转的方法对待，”小姐说，“理不直的人，常用气壮来压人。理直的人，要用气和来交朋友。” III．Writing(50％) Directions：For this part，yon are required to write a three-part composition of about300words on the following topic．In the first part of your writing，yon should state your thesis，and in the second part yon should support your argument with appropriate details．In the last part yon should bring what yon have written to a natural conclusion or summary．Your response should be presented on the Answer Sheet． Practical Course vs.T raditional Courses At present it is hard for college graduates to find jobs.Many people claim that college teachers should give priority to practical courses1ike computer science and business over such traditional ones as literature and11istory.What is your opinion? 共2页/第1页