英语翻译短文

The Workman's Compensation

How can someone, hour after hour, day after day, year in and year out, tighten approximately the same nut to the same bolt and not go mad? That most working people do not, in fact, go mad is due in large measure to a phenomenon so common that it is found wherever people labor in industry: taking it easy. It would take some kind of real mental case to do all the work one could all day long. No one expects it. Taking it easy on the job while someone else covers your work, or "working on and off," as it is usually called in America, is an established part of the working life.

Working on and off, however, has its limits. The rules are infinitely varied, subtle, and flexible, and, of course, they are always changing. Management, up to a certain level at least, is aware of the practice, and in some industries employs entire cadres of people to curtail or put an end to it. Simultaneously, the workers are subtly doing their best to keep it going and to extend it wherever possible.

Every worker has a highly developed sense of how much work is expected of him. When he feels that the expectation is excessive, he tries to do something about it. This instinct has to do with the political nature of work itself, something every modern worker understands. The bosses want more from the worker than they are willing to give in return. The workers give work, and the bosses give money. The exchange is never quite equal, and the discrepancy is called profit. Since the bosses cannot do without profit, workers have an edge. A good worker in a key spot could, so long as he kept up production, take all the coffee breaks he wanted, and the bosses would very likely look the other way. He could also choose to cut down on the coffee breaks, apply himself, and increase production, and then ask for and get more money. But that would be self-defeating, and he knows it. It would also place him in competition with other workers, which would be playing into the bosses' hands. What he would rather do is create some slack for himself and enjoy his job more.

At present on the West Coast, when a gang of longshoremen working on cargo start a shift, they often divide themselves into two equal groups and toss a coin. One group goes into the far reaches of the ship's hold and sits around. The other group starts loading cargo, usually working with a vengeance, since each one of them is doing the work of two men. An hour later, the groups change places. In other words, although my fellow longshoremen and I are getting paid for eight hours, on occasion we work only four. If someone reading this feels a sense of moral outrage because we are sitting down on the job, I am sorry. I have searched my mind in vain for a polite way to tell that reader to go to hell.

If you are that reader, I would recommend that you abandon your outrage and begin thinking about doing something similar for yourself.

You probably already have, even if you won't admit it. White collar office workers, too, have come under criticism recently for robbing their bosses of their full-time services. Too much times is being spent around the Mr. Coffee machine, and some people (would you believe it?) have even been having personal conversations on company time. In fact, one office-system expert recently said that he had yet to encounter a business work place that was functioning at more than about 60 percent efficiency.

Management often struggles hard to set up a situation where work is done in series: a worker receives an article of manufacture, does something to it, and passes it on to another worker, who does something else to it and then passes it on to the next guy, and so on.

The assembly line is a perfect example of this. Managers like this type of manufacture

because it is more efficient - that is, it achieves more production. They also like it for another reason, even if they will not admit it: it makes it very difficult for the worker to do anything other than work.

Frederick W. Taylor, the efficiency expert who early in this century conducted the time-and-motion studies that led to the assembly-line process, tried to reduce workers to robots, all in the name of greater production. His staff of experts, each armed with clipboard and stopwatch, studied individual workers with a view toward eliminating unnecessary movement. They soon found a great deal of opposition from the workers.

Most people not directly engaged in daily work express disapproval when they hear of people working on and off. A studied campaign with carefully chosen language - "a full day's work for a full day's pay," "taking a free ride" - has been pushed by certain employers to discredit the practice, and their success is such that I rarely discuss it except with other workers. My response is personal, and I feel no need to defend it: If I am getting a free ride, how come I am so tired when I go home at the end of a shift?

工作者的补偿

一个人怎么能时复一时，年复一年地把几乎相同的螺帽拧到相同的螺栓上而不发疯的呢？事实上，多数劳动者并不发疯多半是由于"不紧不慢"的现象很平常，在企业中只要有人工作的地方随处可见这种现象。一个人恐怕要有某种真正的精神病才能一整天竭尽全力地干活。没人希望这样。在别人帮你干活时，你就不紧不慢地干，也就是像美国人常说的那种"干干停停"是工作生涯的一个既定部分。

然而，干干停停有它的局限性。这些惯例的变化无休无止，很微妙、很有弹性。当然，它们总在变。至少在一定程度上管理部门知道这种做法。一些企业雇佣干部以减少或结束这种做法。同时，工人们巧妙地、尽全力使之继续下去并使之触及到可能的任何地方。

每个工人对自己干多少活都是高度敏感的。当他感到希望他做的事过多时，就会采取某些措施。这种天性与每个现代工人所懂得的工作本身的政治特性有关。老板希望从工人身上得到的比他们给予的要多；工人付出劳动，老板付出报酬。这个交换从来不会太平等，此差异叫做利润。由于老板不能没有利润，工人们就占了上风。一个在关键岗位的好工人，只要他保持产量不降低，可以随心所欲地利用工间休息，而老板可能装作没看见。工人也可以缩短工间休息，卖力干活，增加生产，然后要求并得到更多的钱。但他知道那是违背自己利益的，这样做也会将自己置于与他人竞争之中，这种竞争会有利于老板。那么，他宁愿为自己创造一些空闲，更好的享受工作。

目前在西海岸，从事船货装卸工作的一伙码头装卸工开始轮班时，经常分成两组，然后掷硬币决定先后顺序。一组走到船舱深处分散坐下。另一组开始装货，通常干得卖力，因为他们每人干着两人的活，一小时以后两组交位置换。换句话说，虽然我和工友们获得八小时的报酬，有时却只干四小时。如果有人读到此，为我们怠工而愤慨的话，我很抱歉。我白费心机的绞尽脑汁想找到一个礼貌的说法，但现在要告诉这位读者，让他见鬼去吧。

如果你是那个读者，我会劝你不要愤慨，开始为自己考虑一下类似的事情。即便你不承认，你可能已经想过了。近来，白领职员也由于不为老板全天服务而受到批评。在电煮咖啡机旁花了太多的时间。一些人甚至在工业时间进行私人交谈。事实上，一个办公制度专家近来说，他还没有遇到工作效率高于60%的商业网点。

管理部门经常努力创建一条龙式的工作：一个人接到产品后为之做些什么，把它传给另外一个工人，这个工人再做些什么，然后传给下一个工人，如此类推。装配线就是一个极好的例子。经理喜欢这种生产方式，因为它效率更高，也就是说能生产出更多的产品来。尽管老板不会承认，但还有另一个喜欢这种方式的原因，它使工人很难做工作以外的其他事情。

弗雷德里克·W·泰勒，是本世纪初进行时间和运动研究的效率专家，这种研究产生了装配线工序。他试图把工人变成机器人，只是为了更大的产量。他的专家组每人配有带弹簧夹子的书写板和秒表用来研究每个工人，使他们不能偷懒。很快他们发现工人们特别反对这种做法。

大多数不直接从事日常工作的人听到人们"干干停停"地工作时，会表示不赞同。一些雇主推行了一场预先计划的运动，和"全天工作付全天报酬""只拿钱不干活"这些精心选择的语言来诋毁这种做法。除了同其他工人，我很少谈起他们的成功。我的回答是个人观点，我感到没必要为之辩护：拿钱不干活，我下班回家后怎么会那么累呢？

Work, Labor, and Play

So far as I know, Miss Hannah Arendt was the first person to define the essential difference between work and labor. To be happy, a man must feel, firstly, free and, secondly, important. He cannot be really happy if he is compelled by society to do what he does not enjoy doing, or if what he enjoys doing is ignored by society as of no value or importance. In a society where slavery in the strict sense has been abolished, the sign that what a man does is of social value is that he is paid money to do it, but a laborer today can rightly be called a wage slave. A man is a laborer if the job society offers him is of no interest to himself but he is compelled to take it by the necessity of earning a living and supporting his family.

The antithesis to labor is play. When we play a game, we enjoy what we are doing, otherwise we should not play it, but it is a purely private activity; society could not care less whether we play it or not.

Between labor and play stands work. A man is a worker if he is personally interested in the job which society pays him to do; what from the point of view of society is necessary labor is from his own point of view voluntary play. Whether a job is to be classified as labor or work depends, not on the job itself, but on the tastes of the individual who undertakes it. The difference does not, for example, coincide with the difference between a manual and a mental job; a gardener or a cobbler may be a worker, a bank clerk a laborer. Which a man is can be seen from his attitude toward leisure. To a worker, leisure means simply the hours he needs to relax and rest in order to work efficiently. He is therefore more likely to take too little leisure than too much; workers die of coronaries and forget their wives' birthdays. To the laborer, on the other hand, leisure means freedom from compulsion, so that it is natural for him to imagine that the fewer hours he has to spend laboring, and the more hours he is free to play, the better.

What percentage of the population in a modern technological society are, like myself, in the fortunate position of being workers?

At a guess I would say sixteen per cent, and I do not think that figure is likely to get bigger in the future.

Technology and the division of labor have done two things: by eliminating in many fields the need for special strength or skill, they have made a very large number of paid occupations which formerly were enjoyable work into boring labor, and by increasing productivity they have reduced the number of necessary laboring hours. It is already possible to imagine a society in which the majority of the population, that is to say, its laborers, will have almost as much leisure as in ear5lier times was enjoyed by the aristocracy. When one recalls how aristocracies in the past actually behaved, the prospect is not cheerful. Indeed, the problem of dealing with boredom may be even more difficult for such a future mass society than it was for aristocracies. The latter, for example, ritualized their time; there was a season to shoot grouse, a season to spend in town, etc.

The masses are more likely to replace an unchanging ritual by fashion which it will be in the economic interest of certain people to change as often as possible. Again, the masses cannot go in for hunting, for very soon there would be no animals left to hunt. For other aristocratic amusements like gambling, dueling, and warfare, it may be only too easy to find equivalents in dangerous driving, drug-taking, and senseless acts of violence. Workers seldom commit acts of violence, because they can put their aggression into their work, be it physical like the work of a smith, or mental like the work of a scientist or an artist. The role of aggression into their work, be it physical like the work of a smith, or mental like the work of a scientist or an artist. The role of aggression in mental work is aptly expressed by the phrase "getting one's teeth into a problem."

工作，劳作和娱乐

据我所知，汉纳·阿伦特小姐是第一个给予工作和劳作之间本质区别的人。一个人要高兴，首先要感到自由，其次是感到重要。如果他被社会强迫做他不愿做的事，或者他喜欢做的事被社会忽视，被认为无价值和不重要，他就不会真正高兴。在一个从严格意义上来说奴隶制已被废除的社会里，一个人所做的事情具有社会价值的樗是他的工作得到了报酬。但今天的劳动者可以恰当地称为薪金的奴隶。如果他对社会提供给他的工作不感兴趣，但出于谋生和养家而被迫接受，这个人就称为劳作者。

与劳作相对的是玩，当玩耍时我们在享受，否则是不会去玩的，不过这纯粹是私人活动，社会对你玩或不玩是极不关心的。

处于劳作和玩之间的是工作。如果一个人对社会付酬给他的工作感兴趣的话，他就是工作者；从社会的观点看，工作是必要的劳作也是个人心目中自愿的玩。例如：这个区别不同于体力劳动和脑力劳动之间的区别；一个园艺工人或一个补鞋匠可能是工作者，一个银行职员可能是劳作者。一个人属于哪一种可以从他对休闲的态度看出来。对于工作者来说，休闲只是他为了有效地工作而放松和休息的时间，所以他可能少休息而不是多休闲。工作者可能致于冠状动脉血栓症，忘记妻子的生日。反之，对于劳作者来说，休闲意味着从强迫中的摆脱，因此他们会很自然地想花在工作上的时间越少，自由自在玩的时间越多就越好。

像我这样，幸运地成为工作者的人现代技术社会里占多大比例呢？我猜测为60%并且我认为这个数字将来不可能变大。

技术和劳动分工已产生了两点影响：通过在许多领域里减少对特殊力量和技巧的需求，它们使大量曾经愉快的有偿劳动变成了使人厌烦的工作，通过提高提高生产率减少了一些必要的劳动时间。已经有可能去设想这样一个社会：大多数人，即劳作者，将拥有几乎与早期贵州所享有的一样多的休闲。当一个人回忆过去贵族的所作所为，前景就不会乐观了。的确对于这样一个未来群众社会，应付无聊的问题比起来贵族们可能更困难。例如：后者使他们的时间仪式化，有射猎松鸡的季节、有镇上度日的季节等。群众更可能用时尚取代千篇一律的程式，而尽可能经常地改变时尚也符合某些人的经济利益。同样，群众也不能都有打猎的爱好，因为很快就会没有动物可供射猎。对于其他贵族娱乐活动，像赌博、决斗和战争，可能很容易在危险驾驶、吸毒和愚蠢的暴力行为中找到等价物。工作者很少有暴力行为，因为他们能把进取心放在他们的工作上，不管是铁匠从事的体力劳动，还是科学家或艺术家从事的脑力劳动。"把牙到某个问题中"这条习语很贴切地表示出进取心在智力工作中的作用。

很全-很详细的商务英语论文题目

商务英语论文题目 1、论文化因素对英汉翻译的影响 2、商务英语的特点及翻译技巧 3、商务函电翻译的用词技巧 4、商标名称的翻译与策略 5、汉语中新词汇的翻译技巧 6、商务谈判中的语言艺术 7、商务谈判的文化障碍 8、商务英语函电在对外贸易中的作用 9、商务英语函电翻译技巧 10、商务谈判中英语的重要性 11、浅谈商务英语写作时避免修饰语错位的方法 12、礼仪在商务谈判中的作用 13、浅谈涉外合同英语特色 14、电子商务对国际贸易的影响及对策 15、商务谈判的艺术性 16、跨文化的商务谈判 17、商务英语交往中的礼貌原则 18、如何翻译好日常商务文书 19、商务英语信函的语体分析 20、浅谈商务信函的文体特征 21、英语商务信函和合同中被动语态的语用意义及其翻译 22、商务英语汉英翻译中从句的运用技巧 23、论跨文化因素对商业广告英语翻译的影响 24、跨文化商务交际中的语言和非语言因素 25、浅谈英语告示语的语言特色与翻译 26、商务英语阅读研究 27、商务英语写作问题研究 28、商务英语考试技巧研究 29、商务英语听力策略研究 30、英语口语或语法在商务领域中的应用 31、商务函电交流研究 32、商务英语学习方法 33、跨文化交际与中西文化冲突 34、国际商务中的跨文化交际问题 35、商务谈判中的跨文化冲突 36、国际商务谈判中应注意的文化因素 37、国际商务谈判中的“文化壁垒” 38、广告英语的分类及分析 39、虚拟语气与商务英语表达 40、跨文化交际在商务英语学习中的运用 41、商务英语学习中跨文化交际能力的培养 42、商务英语在国际营销中的作用

43、术语在国际商务中的重要性 44、商务谈判语言技巧 45、浅析跨文化交际中的商务礼仪 46、例析论网络环境下商务英语的拓展学习模式 47、浅析商务英语汇商务英语中俚语的风格及翻译 48、商务英语教学中英语知识与商务知识的关系 49、商务英语中以谓语动词为中心的基本句型的翻译 50、商务英语的语言特色探讨 51、反译法在商务英语中的应用 52、奈达“等值”理论于商务英语翻译中的理解和应用 53、商务英语中的平行结构及其翻译方法 54、语用原则在商务英语应用中的度范畴 55、商务英语语篇文体特征分析 56、商务英语常用单词的多义现象例析 57、商务英语中的委婉表达及其翻译 58、商务英语翻译中的跨文化因素 59、商务英语中书面语言的文体特征及语用分析 60、社会文化迁移对中国式英语的影响 61、英语写作中常见中式英语分析 62、汉译英中遇到新词语的译法问题 63、美国英语习语与文化 64、中美日常交际中的文化差异 65、中西方文化差异及语言体现 商务英语论文题目|商务英语毕业论文题目参考 一、英语论文基本格式 1、毕业论文结构包括：主标题、论文摘要、正文（一般不少于5000字）、注释、参考书目，注释统一用尾注。 2、板式：毕业论文一律用计算机打印。（使用A4规格打印，每页30行） 二、阅读类参考题目以下参考题目对应的范文请到VIP留学生论文网下载，如需原创论文需与在线辅导老师沟通。 1、持续性交际法对商务英语学习者口语和写作能力提高的研究分析 2、商务英语文体学分析 3、语篇功能对等视角的商务英语翻译 4、高职商务英语专业实践课程开发 5、关联理论在商务英语阅读教学中的应用 6、成人商务英语教学中学生自主学习能力的培养 7、功能对等理论视角下的商务英语翻译 8、中职商务英语教学中跨文化交际意识的培养 9、论商务英语翻译中的文化转向 10、职前学生商务英语词汇教学法探索 11、商务英语中模糊语言的应用及其语用分析 12、从目的论角度看国际商务英语翻译的质量评估 13、高职院校商务英语精读教学中的任务型教学法 14、词典类型对翻译与习得商务英语新词作用的实证研究

商务英语翻译试题(二)试卷及答案-2

商务英语翻译试题(二)试卷及答案-2

商务英语翻译试题（二） Ⅰ词汇测试题：（2题，每题10分，共20分） 1．该组有10个商务英语英文词或词组，下面均有英文词或词组来进行解释。请将正确的选项标出，要求英英转换意义准确，符合商务英语规范。（10分） (1) promote A. to encourage the popularity, sale or development B. to change or vary C. to act as judge in an argument D. to speak or write to someone (2) to address A. to speak or write to someone, or to direct information at someone. B. to offer, supply C. to stipulate D. to come up with ideas (3) to indemnify A. to pay for the damage B. to state something officially C. to suggest an idea D. to use something instead of another (4) to cancel an order A. to confirm an order B. to deliver a letter C. to recommend a candidate D. to make void or of no effect (5) ceiling A. upper limit B. cancellation C. bottom D. the lowest point (6) tide over A. to help sb. during a period of difficulty B. to spend a lot of time doing C. to tie to sth. D. to try one’s best (7) carry out A. to take away B. to perform or complete C. to give or offer something D. to suggest an idea (8) to complicate A. to finish something B. to be dissatisfied with something C. to make something more difficult to deal with D. to compare with something (9) to put on an event A. to come up with ideas B. to come on for sth. 2

英汉互译

、英汉互译 二、下面画线部分的读音如果相同用“T”表示，不相同用“F”表示。 （）1. A. say B. play C. today D. May （）2. A. hear B. dear C. near D. here （）3. A. fly B. spy C. try D. family （）4. A. mouth B. this C. thank D. thin （）5. A. who B. whose C. why D. white 三、连词成句，注意字母的大小写和标点符号。 1. you Did football play ? 2. he How feel play ? 3. do What you yesterday did ? 4. went last hiking I weekend . 5. taller me than are 10cm You . 四、选择填空 （）1. This dog’s tail is long. That dog’s tail is _______. A. long B. longer C. heavier （）2.------What did you do last weekend? ------__________. A. I do my homework B. I went hiking C. I had a sore throat. （）3. My throat ________ sore. My nose ________. A. is, hurt B. are hurt C. is hurts （）4. We’re _________have a basketball match. A. going to B. go to C. is going （）5. How tall are you, Liu Xiang? A. I’m 74kg. B. I wear size 43. C. I’m 188cm. 五、根据下面短文的意思判断下面的句子是否正确，正确的在句子前面的括号里打“√”，不正确的打“×”。 Mike was busy last weekend . He did his homework Saturday morning. Saturday afternoon , he went to a supermarket . He visited his grandparents Saturday evening. He helped them cleaned the room. Sunday morning , Mike played football with his friends. Sunday afternoon he washed his clothes . Mike was busy but he was happy. ( ) 1. Mike read a book Saturday morning . ( ) 2. Mike went to a supermarket last Saturday . ( ) 3. Mike played basketball Sunday morning . ( ) 4. Mike helped his grandparents clean the room Saturday evening . ( ) 5. Mike was sad and bored last weekend.

仁爱英语八年级上册Unit 2 Topic 1 课文原文英汉互译

UNIT 2 Food and Health\n 第二单元食物与健康\n Topic 1 You should go to see a doctor.\n 话题1 你应该去看医生。\n Section A\n A部分\n 1a Listen, read and say\n 1a 听、读与说\n Betty: What's wrong with you? Do you have a cold?\n 贝蒂：你怎么了？你感冒了？\n Kangkang: No, I don't. I have a toothache.\n 康康：不，不是。我牙疼。\n Betty: I'm sorry to hear that. You should see a dentist.\n 贝蒂：听到这个消息我感到很难过。你应该去看牙医。\n Kangkang: I think I will.\n 康康：我想是要去看的。\n Betty: I hope you'll be well soon.\n 贝蒂：我希望你很快就没事了。\n Kangkang: Thank you.\n 康康：谢谢你。\n Section B\n B部分\n 1a Listen, read and say\n 1a 听、读与说\n Steve: Hey, Bruce. You look pale. What's the matter?\n 史蒂夫：嘿，布鲁斯。你看起来很苍白。怎么了？\n Bruce: Well, I have a headache and a cough. I'm feeling terrible! \n 布鲁斯：呃，我头疼还咳嗽。我觉得很难受！\n Steve: I'm sorry to hear that. How long have you been like this?\n

英语论文 商务英语的特点及翻译技巧

XX财经大学 自学考试毕业论文 题目商务英语的特点及翻译技巧专业商务英语 学生姓名论文编号 指导教师 2011 年度下 (上/下)

江西财经大学自学考试毕业论文指导登记表（一）姓名：乐笑丽专业：英语本科编号：论文攒些成绩（百分制）：论文题目：商务英语的特点及翻译技巧 开题报告（选题研究的意义及主要内容）： 自20世纪第二次世界大战以后，英语成为最强势的语言。同时，由于经济全球化的迅速发展，商务英语得到长足的发展。商务英语具有自己的语言特点; 要真正掌握商务英语及其翻译, 不仅需要精通英语语言知识, 还必须熟悉商务专业知识; 在商务英语翻译中必须遵循一定的翻译原则, 采用一些翻译策略引言：在我国加入WTO以后, 国际商务活动日益频繁。这些商务活动的许多领域, 如技术引进、对外贸易、招商引资、对外劳务承包与合同、国际金融、涉外保险、国际旅游、海外投资、国际运输等, 所使用的英语统称为商务英语。商务英语已成为世界经济活动中必不可少的语言交际工具。尤其是BEC( 剑桥商务英语证书) 在中国的普及, 使越来越多的人对商务英语及其翻译产生兴趣。 本文主要就商务英语的特点和翻译技巧进行论述。如：商务英语的专业性、内容缜密性等；如商务英语翻译的一词多义、词类转译、词义引伸、词量增减等技巧。 指导教师意见： 开题报告符合本科论文要求，同意开题。 指导教师签名：

商务英语的特点及翻译技巧 摘要 商务英语具有自己的语言特点; 要真正掌握商务英语及其翻译, 不仅需要精通英语语言知识, 还必须熟悉商务专业知识; 在商务英语翻译中必须遵循一定的翻译原则, 采用一些翻译策略引言：在我国加入WTO以后, 国际商务活动日益频繁。这些商务活动的许多领域, 如技术引进、对外贸易、招商引资、对外劳务承包与合同、国际金融、涉外保险、国际旅游、海外投资、国际运输等, 所使用的英语统称为商务英语。商务英语已成为世界经济活动中必不可少的语言交际工具。尤其是BEC( 剑桥商务英语证书) 在中国的普及, 使越来越多的人对商务英语及其翻译产生兴趣。 关键词：商务英语；翻译；理论；应用；技巧; 原则 Abstract Business English has its own language characteristics; To really master business English and translation, not only need to master English language knowledge, you must be familiar with business professional knowledge; In business English translation must follow the certain translation principles, using some translation strategy introduction: in China entered the WTO, international business activities increasingly frequent. The business activities of many areas, such as the introduction of technology, foreign trade, investment promotion, foreign labor contract and contract, the international finance, foreign insurance, international tourism, overseas investment, international transportation, using the English collectively referred to as business English. Business English has become the economic activity of the essential language communication tools. Especially BEC (Cambridge business English certificate) in China's popularization, make more and more people interested in business English and translation. Key words: Business English; Translation; Theory; Application; Skills; principle

商务英语翻译测试题及答案

商务英语翻译测试题及 答案 集团档案编码：[YTTR-YTPT28-YTNTL98-UYTYNN08]

I. Translate the following sentences paying attention to the meanings of words italicized.(15%) 1. The above quoted are the articles in great demand, which have won a high reputation in various markets. 2. The articles in this agreement must not be modified and ended

without the agreement by the both parties. 3. However, the tariff should not be greater in amount than the margin of price caused by dumping. 4. As usual, the lion’s share of the budget is for defense. 5. He once again imparted to us his great knowledge, experience and wisdom.

II. Translate the following sentences with extension.(15%) 1. There is a mixture of the tiger and ape in the character of Hitler. 2.China, which posted its highest growth rate in a decade, is Asia’s new star performer. 3. John took to his studies eagerly, and proved an adept pupil.

英汉互译短文

My favourite season<我最喜欢的季节> My favourite season is summer. I ofen wear my shorts and T-shirt. Sometimes I wear my jeans. In summer it is ofen sunny and hot. Sometimes rainy in summer. I usually swim with my father. Sometimes I eat ice-cream at home. （我最喜欢的季节是夏天。我经常穿着短裤和T恤。有时我穿牛仔裤。夏天里经常是既晴朗又炎热。有时也下雨。我经常跟我爸爸去游泳。有时我在家里吃冰淇淋。） My household(我的家人) There are five people in my house: grandma,grandfa,father, mother and me. My mother is a teacher,father is a doctor. They are both busy working. Usually,only my grandma,grandpa and I at home. They all love me very much. I am very fond of this home. （我家有五口人：姥姥，姥爷，爸爸，妈妈和我，我的妈妈是老师，爸爸是医生，他们的工作很忙，平时就我和姥爷、姥姥在家，他们很爱我，我很爱这个家。） My dog (我的狗) I have a dog. My dog name is DuDu.DuDu is fat. It wears a white coat. DuDu has two big eyes and two ears. It has one short mouth. My dog is smart. I like my dog. Do you like it?

商务英语翻译课程教学大纲

商务英语翻译课程教学大纲 课程编码：课程性质：专业方向课 课时： 36（20+16）学分：2 开课学期：第5学期先修课程：基础英语 适用专业：商务英语专业 课程简介： 《商务英语翻译》课程是为培养“英语+专业”的应用型涉外人才而设置，从英汉两种语言在表达上的差异入手，旨在通过向学生传授基本的翻译理论和技巧，并结合大量的实践训练，培养学生的翻译能力，从而提高其英语综合运用能力，并使学生能够胜任国际贸易中出现的各类实用文体以及简单的文字翻译工作。 一、课程教学目标 本课程以培养学生的翻译能力为目标，旨在使商务英语专业学生掌握和运用一些基本的翻译理论；能够在一些参考书的辅助下，熟练翻译名片、商标、标识、公司简介、产品说明、广告等商务英语方面的资料；能够掌握常见的组织机构的翻译方式；能够运用所学翻译技巧熟练翻译各类公关文稿；能够正确翻译商务信函和单证材料；能够正确熟练翻译各种常见商务报告，译文达意，格式恰当；能够辨识一些商务文本存在的翻译问题和错误。在大量实例训练中锻炼学生在商务语境下有效进行英汉、汉英互译、正确传达信息、顺畅开展交流的能力。 二、课程重点、难点 该课程教学重点是英语商务文本汉译的基本知识、理论和方法，难点是专业外贸知识及专业术语；跨文化交际理论与实践 三、整体课时分配

四、课程内容安排 （一）Unit1 Business Cards 主要内容：英汉名片的互译、设计和正确运用中英文商务名片、商务英语翻译中遵循正确的翻译原则 教学要求：帮助学生初步了解商务名片的互译特点与原则 其它教学环节：案例教学 （二）Unit 2 Signs 主要内容：商务环境中的常见中英文标识、中英文标识的语言特点及其常见翻译技巧 教学要求：帮助学生了解商务环境中的常见中英文标识，掌握常见翻译技巧 重点、难点：商务环境中的直译法和意译法 其它教学环节：情景教学 （三）Unit 3 Trademarks 主要内容：识别中英文商标、商标的翻译、转译法 教学要求：帮助学生了解中英文商标的翻译 重点、难点：商标翻译中的转译法 其它教学环节：案例教学 （四）Unit 4 Organizations 主要内容：识别组织机构名称、外来词翻译法 教学要求：帮助学生了解商务环境下常见的组织机构名称与外来词翻译 重点、难点：织机构名称 其它教学环节：交互教学 （五）Unit 5 Company Introductions 主要内容：公司简介翻译 教学要求：帮助学生掌握被动语态、名词从句、定语从句、状语从句和长句的拆合、转译。 重点、难点：长句的拆译，各类从句的转译 其它教学环节：案例教学 （六）Unit 6 Product Descriptions & Advertisement 主要内容：产品介绍的翻译和广告 教学要求：帮助学生掌握运用反译法进行英汉互译 重点、难点：反译法 其它教学环节：案例教学 （七）Unit 7 Business Contracts 主要内容：商务合同的翻译 教学要求：帮助学生掌握商务合同常见术语和句式、正确翻译常见合同文本、长句的处理 重点、难点：商务合同常见术语和句式 其它教学环节：案例教学 五、教材与学习资源 1. 教材： 谢金领.《世纪商务英语翻译教程》.大连理工大学出版社，2009. 2. 主要参考资料： 张新红等.《商务英语翻译》.高等教育出版社，2004.

英汉互译精选散文阅读-互助

英汉互译精选散文阅读-互助 L君跻身文坛，盖有年矣，但总是红不起来，颇感寂寞。于是，他找到了各种关系，以盛宴重礼把的评论家J君招待了一次。J君有感于其情之盛，慨然允诺说：“现在他们对你太冷落了，就是不公平!我一定要写一篇推荐你的作品的文章，登到大报上，你的作品的优点是……” Mr. L. had been a member of the literary circles for years without attracting any public attention. He felt rather deserted, and so he managed through various personal connections to invite Mr. J., a famous literary critic, to an elaborate dinner besides presenting him with expensive gifts. Mr. J. was quite moved by Mr. L.’s hospitality and promised right away, "It's not fair that you have been so ignored! I must write an article for a key newspaper to recommend your works. The merits of your works are... L君不等I君说完，慌忙摆手摇头，他说：“千万不必!千万不必!我只乞求您写一篇义正词严的文章把我批一个狗血淋头！积数十年之经验，我深知凡被您批了的，都能够风行全国，名震环球!而您也能够获得另一方面的美誉和利益，那才叫相反相成，相得益彰!” Mr. L. hastily cut in, shaking his head and waving his hands," No! No! I only beg you to write a very severe criticism against me. From my years of experience, I have come to the conclusion that all articles you criticize mill become popular not only in our country but also in the world. Meanwhile, you gain greater fame and interests through your criticism. Ibis is indeed `extremes meet' and hill only end up with mutual help and benefit!"

商务英语翻译论文开题报告

Outline The translation of business letter and contract 商务英语信函与合同的翻译 Abstract: 摘要： Key words: 关键词： Contents : Introduction : Chapter one: The translation of Business letter 1.1：The brief introduction of business letter 商务英语信函简介 1.1.1：The importance of business letter and translation 英语商务信函及其翻译的重要性 1.1.2：The elements of english business letter 英语商务信函的构成要素 1.2：The language character of business letter 英语商务信函的文体和语言特征 1.2.1: 英语商务信函的词汇特征 1.2.2商务英语信函的篇章结构特征 1.3：英语商务信函翻译中的文体对等 1.3.1：语言的简洁规范

1.3.2：译文使用书面语要做到礼貌诚恳 1.3.3：尽量使用商务用语，体现商业风格Chapter two: The translation of Business contract 2.1:商务合同的基础知识 2.1.1: 概念与文体 2.1.2: 商务合同的主要内容 2.2.：合同英语的词汇特点几翻译要点 2.2.1：用词专业，具有法律意味 2.2.2: 用词正式，准确 2.3：合同英语的句法特点及翻译要点 2.3.1：长句及其翻译 2.3.2：条件句及其翻译 2.4: 商务合同的翻译标准 2.4.1：准确严谨 2.4.2: 规范通顺 Conclusion: Acknowlegements: Bibliography :

最新商务英语翻译期末试题及答案

试卷号： ********学院20**学年度第1学期 期末考试试卷 考试年级 13.14.15 专业商务英语科目商务英语翻译出卷老师 ***** 试题号一二三四总分 得分 一请将下列合成词译成汉语:（1* 15=15） 1. free-spender 2. good--to—excellent care 3. office-bearer 4 . character-building 5 Bad news travels quickly. 6 knock-out system 7 marriage lines 8 nest egg 9 off-hour hobby 10 off-the-job training 11 on-the-job training 12 on-the-spot broadcasting 13 pension insurance

14 red-hot news 15 red-letter day 二下面的句子可采用增减词法来翻译,请写出具体的增词法或具体的减词法:（2*5=10）1.Rumors had already spread along the streets and lanes. 2. I could knit when I was seven. 3. The day when he was born remains unknown. 4.We live and learn. 5.Once you are in , you wouldn't be allowed to get out. 三写出下列每组分别属于何种合译：（2*5=10） 1．to and from here and there off and onup and down 2．often and often by and by men and men hours and hours 3．thick and thin within and without off and on fair or foul 4．forgive and forget now or never high and dry mend or end 5．bread and butter pick and steal odds and ends house and home 四. 按要求用所学过的翻译技巧翻译下例句子:（3*5=15） 1.我没注意到这一点.(用正译法) 2.你的工作令人满意.(用反译法) 3.我们不应该听闲话.(用正译法)

英汉互译励志短文

英汉互译励志短文 导语：梦想是一个可以离我们很近，又很远的东西。下面由我为大家整理的英汉互译励志短文，希望可以帮助到大家！ Today is an excellent day for small improvements. Whatever is working for you, find a way to improve it just a little. There’s no need to make a huge change, just a small one, something you can do right now. If you called just one additional customer each day, over the course of the next month you would talk to about 20 new people. If you learned just one more new word each day, in the next year you would increase your vocabulary by more than 300 words. Small improvements can add up over time into big accomplishments. Look around you. Consider the work you do each day. Think about how you could do it just a little bit better. In a marathon race, each step the winner takes is just a little bit longer and a little bit faster than each stride taken by the 100th place finisher. Yet over the course of the race, that small difference adds up in a big way. Do just a little bit more today, and tomorrow too, and each day after that. Anyone can make just a small improvement, and that can make a big, big difference. 翻译：再多一点点

商务英语翻译课程标准

《商务英语翻译》课程标准 适用专业：商务英语专业课程编码：TA0B28 开设时间：第5学期课时数：72学时 ? 一、课程概述 本课程旨在传授翻译理论知识及实用的翻译方法和技巧，培养学生独立完成英汉翻译任务。课程是翻译理论为基础，结合实际的典型翻译例文向学生传递实用的翻译技巧，与此同时培养学生的举一反三的能力，最后通过实际的翻译任务锻炼学生的实际翻译能力。 课程设计从商务英语教学的实际需要入手，结合基本的翻译理论、方法以及实际外贸业务对英汉翻译的专业知识需要，在比较全面的介绍英汉翻译知识的同时也为学生补充了大量实际有用的专业翻译方法和技巧，使学生不仅对英汉互译有进一步的学习，同时也可以将所学翻译技巧充分运用于实际工作，从而真正做到学有所用。 坚持以高职教育培养目标为依据，遵循“结合理论联系实际，以应知、应会”的原则，以培养锻炼职业技能为重点。注重培养学生的翻译理论灵活运用能力和翻译实践能力。把实践和创新素质的培养贯穿于教学中，采用翻译任务独立完成等方式注重发展学生独立思维和专业应用能力。培养学生在翻译过程中分析、解决实际问题的能力。 ?

二、课程培养目标 1.方法能力目标 （1）熟悉英语翻译的理论知识。 （2）掌握翻译的标准和原则。 （3）熟悉各种商务文体翻译的过程。 （4）了解译者的工作原则和职业操守。 2.社会能力目标 （1）能够处理对外贸易企业的日常涉外文件翻译。 （2）能够对外贸企业各种函电进行专业翻译。 （3）能够做到对外贸易工作过程中的陪同口译。 3.专业能力目标 （1）熟练掌握词义的选择和引申、词类转译法、增词法、省词法、被动结构的译法和正反、反正的译法。 （2）掌握各种名词性从句的译法、长句的译法和直译、意译法。 （3）能够熟悉掌握商业名片的翻译、标识的翻译、公司介绍的翻译、产品说明书的翻译、商业广告的翻译、商务函电的翻译、外贸单证的翻译等各种实用商务文体的英汉互译。 （4）熟悉各种实用文体的翻译技巧和典型句型，能够在词典的帮助下独立翻译各种基本实用商务文体。

英汉互译原文

Wall Street Take a Dive Ronald Reagan’s 1985 budget took a thunderous shelling last week. Day after day, jittery Wall Street investors fired sell orders, hitting stock prices with their heaviest declines since 1982. Testifying in Washington, Federal Reserve Chairman Paul V olcker fired the single most damaging salvo by warning that the deficits envisaged in the budget pose a “clear and present danger”, threatening to keep interest rates high and tip the economy into a new recession. The size of the deficits is staggering. Rudolph Penner, director of the Congressional Budget Office, predicted that if policy is not changed, the flow of red ink will swell from $190 billion this year to $326 billion by 1989. In testimony on Capitol Hill, the President’s men acknowledged that the economy was in danger. Chief Economic Adviser Martin Feldstein, known as the Administration’s “Dr.Gloom,”agreed with Penner’s warning that the deficit could reach the $300 billion range by the evd of the decade. If that happened, said Feldstein, federal borrowing would be swallowing 75% of American savings and putting powerful upward pressure on interest rates. Even Treasury Secretary Donald Regan, usually an optimist and a critic of Feldstein’s dour outlook, admitted that “without proper fiscal and monetary policies, there is a possibility of our slipping back into a recession in the U.S.”Unless the Federal Reserve speeds up growth of the U.S money supply , warned Treasury Under Secretary Beryl Sprinkel, a recession could start this year. 译文：华尔街股价下跌 罗纳德里根1985财政年度的财政预算，上周遭到了猛烈的抨击。华尔街的投资者深感不安，每天都要下令抛售股票，压低股票价格，导致1982年以来最大幅度的下跌。联邦储备局主席保罗沃尔克在华盛顿作证时，放了最厉害的一炮。他告诫说：从财政预算中可以预见的赤字，带来“清清楚楚的、实实在在的危险”，使得利率居高不下，使得经济失去平衡。 赤字数额高得惊人。国会预算审议室主任鲁道夫彭纳语言：如果政策不改变，赤字的泛滥将从今年的一千九百亿美元，增至1989年的三千二百六十亿美元。 总统的幕僚在国会作证时承认，经济处于危险状态。总统的首席经济顾问马丁费尔斯坦，人称政府中的“忧郁博士”，他赞同彭纳提出的告诫：至80年代末，赤字将达到三千亿美元这一幅度。费尔斯坦说，如果出现这一情况，联邦政府的举债将耗去美国人积蓄的75%，产生强大的压力是利率上涨。财政部长唐纳德里甘本来是个乐天派，对费尔斯坦的忧郁观点常持批评态度，可是就连他也承认：“没有正确的财政金融政策，美国可能再度陷入经济衰退。”财政部次长贝利尔斯普林克警告说：如果联邦储备局不加速美国的货币供应量，今年就会出现经济衰退。

商务英语翻译论文

翻译中搜索引擎的应用 2011-01商务英语靳立钰 互联网的普及，对翻译工作带来了极大便利。有效利用搜索引擎是进行网络辅助翻译中极其重要的一环。文章将以谷歌、百度和必应三个搜索引擎为例，阐述搜索引擎在翻译中的使用。 关键字：搜索引擎；翻译（2-5个） 在翻译实训中广告词的翻译时，我翻译到了德芙巧克力的广告词，关键词是“德芙，纵享丝滑”，将其放在百度中搜索到的翻译结果是“Dove, pampering and silky”。将相同的关键词放到谷歌中，搜到的结果是“Dove, vertical enjoy silky”，然而在必应中得到的结果则是“Dove, even silky”，由于德芙品牌是众所周知的，就想到肯定有自己的官方网站，经过一点时间找到了官网，官网中的翻译结果是“The silky smooth taste of DOVE”，采用这种翻译是最准确的。 在企业简介的翻译中，“厂区占地面积33133平方米”是我负责的翻译内容，在有道词典中的到的翻译结果是“The factory covers an area of 33133 square meters”，在谷歌中搜索得到的结果是“Covers an area of 33,133 square meters”，在必应词典中搜到的结果是“Factory covers an area of 33,133 meters”，由此也可以得出同样的关键词在不同的搜索引擎中搜索到的结果是不同的，经过维基百科等反复查证，最终得出使用率最高的是“The company has 33133 square meters”。 一、网络辅助翻译概况 互联网的普及，对各个行业都带来了巨大的变化，翻译工作也不例外。目前翻译过程中利用计算机来辅助翻译工作可以使我们译者借助网络涵盖无限资讯的能力来最快地获取最新最全面的信息，更加迅速准确地理解各种术语的含 义及其对应的译语用词，从而节省大量的人力物力，更保障了翻译工作的及时性和准确性。 对于不同的搜索引擎，相同的关键字，搜索的结果也会不同。相比较而言，维基百科中的搜索结果更精确，运用范围最广，也是在学习过程中用到最多的网络工具。在利用百度、谷歌、海词、词霸、有道词典、必应翻译时不能直接利用机器翻译出来的结果，如果翻译的是句子，通常都是顺着汉语的句子顺序翻译，不是地道的英语，这样的翻译