新编大学英语4的习题+试卷

Quiz2

Training and education follow different patterns in different regions.

培训和教育在不同的地区遵循不同的模式。

I will incorporate the new findings in my report.

我要把新发现并入我的报告。

Do you approve of her choice?

你赞成她的选择吗？

Was it gender discrimination or were the female students simply superior writers?

是性别歧视还是女生天生就是擅长于写作呢?

He has a bias against Japanese products.

他对日本的产品有偏见。

He is an active participant in the civil rights movement.

他是人权运动的积极参加者。

All the students are assigned to suitable jobs.

所有的学生都分到了合适的工作。

The spread of computers has considerably deprived us of our time for reading.

电脑的普及极大地剥夺了我们阅读时间。

There is no risk of your catching cold if you wear warm clothes.

如果穿暖和的衣服,你就不会有感冒的风险。

The scenery there was beautiful beyond expression.

那儿的风景美丽得无法形容。

国际旅游可能会给当地环境和历史造成的灾难性的影响。

International tourism may bring about a disastrous impact on local environment and history.

2. 法律是为保卫人民的权利和财产而制定的。

Laws are constituted to protect individual rights and properties.

3. 这位艺术家的无穷创造力让我赞叹。

It amazes me how much creativity this artist has.

4. 我们应该制订出一项策略，用来对付这种情况。

we should work out a strategy to deal with this situation.

5. 以牺牲健康来求得工作上的成功是不值得的。

Success in your job is not worth the sacrifice of your health.

It is not worthwhile to sacrifice your health for success in your job.

Quiz3

1.(1) a good role model (2) pose for a picture/photograph (3) handle every situation (4) take the place of parents (5) wear a seat belt (6) potentially serious risks (7) act accordingly (8) assess a risk

2.(1) This course is designed as an introduction to the subject.

(2) Parents also should set an example for their children by not abusing drugs.

(3) This is the church where they used to worship.

(4) The advantages of the scheme outweigh its disadvantages.

(5) He gave of his intelligence and heart to his fellowmen.

(6) Pressure was put on them to delay the games indefinitely.

(7) He is partial to detective stories.

(8) Breaking the vase is purely accidental; she does not mean to do it.

(9) The economists predicted an increase in the rate of inflation.

(10) The male to female ratio was almost 3:1.

(11) The football match tonight is China versus France.

(12) We'll get there somehow, by boat or otherwise.

.unit 1

4) I asked my boss for clarification 解释5) sensitive to light敏感6) Mutual encouragement互相鼓励

7) made fun of him 8) persists in his opinion/viewpoint坚持自己的观点

9) to be the focus/center of attention 注意的焦点10) we buy our tickets in advance提前

11）Beyond the reach of 12）fall in love with 13）flash a smile 笑容一闪14）make an attempt to do Unit2

1）a pat on the back 表扬2）attach importance to 认为重要3）be on to sth 在做有意义的事

4）follow up5）make a habit of 6）make sbs day 过的快活7）pass along传递8）shy away from 回避9）turn around 向好的方向发展9）walk of life 行业，职业11）take sth seriously 认真对待

Unit 3

1) turn out 2) carry over保持下去3) call on叫学生回答问题4) put away 收好5) fallen behind

6) take over 7）up to 1）at a disadvantage 2）be accustomed to 3)be typical of 典型4)be in a minority 5)go too far 做的过分6）a bunch of 一群7）pull together 组织好

Unit 4

1）be up to 2）involove sb in 3）sacrifice。。。for为。。。牺牲4）by its very nature本质上

5)for the sake of 为了…起见6)not in the least 绝对不7)on occasion 有时,间或8)time and again

9)feed back反馈10)proceed to往下进行11)date back to

unit 5

1) is bound to 2) follow their lead 以sb为榜样

3) goes too far/is going too far 做得过火4) take the place of

5) dropped out 退出退学6) have a fit大怒7) measure up to 达到

8) look up to尊敬9) Let’s face it 10) you name it凡是你说得出的

11）place sb on a pedestal当偶像12）pose for a picture 摆姿势照相1）look to 指望，期待

2）measure sb against 3）on the surface4）on top of除。。。之外，还5）be bound up with有密切关系7）be up against面临8）come in for blame 挨批评9）dawn on me。。。突然意识到

Unit 6

1) On the strength of基于2) all manner of 各种3) feed on由。。。助长，滋润

4) reduce…to简化，使sb陷入某种状态5) end up 6) associated with 有关联7) focus on

8) turned to 9) participate in 参加10)be involved in卷入

11）on the straight of 基于…影响12）in question 讨论中13）range from to涉及，包含

unit 7

1) deprived of 剥夺2) for the sake of 为了3) get away with

4) dropped out 5) by no means一点也不

6) got down to 开始做某事7) distinguish…from区别，辨认

8) look back on 回顾9) gone through

10) after all 11) be rid of 摆脱12) on my own

13）act out 表现出来14）take a close look at仔细看

15）do sth from memory凭记忆做15）against all odds尽管困难极大

16）be accustomed to 17）cast out赶出去18）prey on 折磨

unit 8

1）adjust to 2）insist on 3）summon up鼓起勇气4）think of 。。。as 5）keep pace with 保持同步

6）attritude to 归因于7）in all honesty 坦诚的8）break for 突然跑向9）be subject to 易遭受10）in effect 实际上11）to the effect 大意是

(From unit 1 book4)

1.These insects can ______ the color of their surroundings.

A) start over B) back out C) take on 披上，呈现D) catch on

2.At the end of his trial, he was ______ of murder.

A) convicted 定罪，一般搭配of B) convinced C) sentenced 宣判，一般搭配to D) condemned

3.The court considers a financial ______ to be an appropriate way of punishing him.

A) option B) duty C) obligation D) penalty 处罚

4.He was ______ of selling state secrets and arrested last month.

A) doubted 疑问B) suspected 怀疑C) respected D) inspected

5.Applicants should demonstrate a ______ with American history.

A) popularity B) simplicity C) familiarity D) similarity

6.We were introduced by a ______ friend who thought we might like to go out together.

A) principal B) mutual相互的C) fictional D) critical

7.When a joke is told, it triggers an entire ______ of jokes from a person’s memory bank.

A) string B) struggle C) stream D) ring

8.The new reforms have not met with ______ approval within the government..

A) conditional B) universal普遍的C) original D) casual

9.The promises are so far from reality that they are ______.

A) predictable B) intentional C) initial D) laughable

10.She felt the warm sun on her ______ arms.

A) blank B) hollow C) vacant D) bare

11.When the fire alarm rang, we ______ outside the emergency exist.

A) arrested B) assembled 排成一队C) entertained D) attempted

12.Manufacturing is Canada’s most important economic activity, ______ 17 percent of the work-force.

A) engages B) and to engage C) that it engages D) engaging 分词结构的主语和主句主语一致

(From unit 2 book4)

1.There are 500 people ______ in the Western Civilization class.

A) enrolled报名B) ensured C) enriched D) entitled

2.Helen made a ______ decision to board a train for London to visit her aunt.

A) precise B) vague C) spontaneous D) tough

3.We’ve done a lot of work and we ______ a break.

A) worth（价值上的）值B) deserve值得得到C) determine D) deprive

4.There is nothing like winning to ______ the morale of athletes.

A) boost 鼓舞B) tolerate C) refold D) thrive

5.The world’s governments have done______ nothing to combat the threat of nuclear accidents.

A) particularly B) vitally C) virtually 几乎D) noticeably

6.He is ______ with having saved the company from bankruptcy.

A) acknowledged B) thanked C) owed D) credited （be credit for：因什么而受到赞扬）

7.The diamond is pretty, but that crack makes it ______.

A) imperfect B) insincere C) inspiring D) incomplete

8.Parents’ views influence their children’s ______ of the world.

A) assumptions B) permissions C) perceptions D) receptions

9.The policeman ______ his shoulders as if to say there was nothing he could do about this matter.

A) lowered B) shrugged C) lifted D) folded

10.Their tone suggests there’s a deepening ______ between them.

A) acquaintance B) familiarity C) achievement D) intimacy

11.Your sweater will ______ if you wash it at too high a temperature.

A) steer B) switch C) shrink D) flood

12.The ______ in the poem has mostly to do with death.

A) imagery比喻B) imaginary C) imagination D) album

(From unit 3 book4)

1.As far as the rank of position is concerned, an associate professor is ______ to a professor,

though they are almost equally knowledgeable.

A) attached B) superior C) previous D) inferior

2. A university ______ of teachers, administrators and students.

A) consists B) composes C) constitutes D) contains

3.One male teacher says he tends to ______ the girls more because they’re more focused.

A) fall behind B) call on C) light up D) carry over

4.This hot and spicy dish is very ______ of the food in the south of the country.

A) featured B) characterized C) distinct D) typical

5.At speed above 50 miles per hour, serious injuries ______ increase.

A) dramatically B) indirectly C) deliberately D) unintentionally

6.The judge was ______ in favor of the third candidate who was his neighbor’s son.

A) based B) biased C) balanced D) self-centered

7.As teachers’ pets in classroom, boys get most of their teachers’ attention even when they are in a ______.

A) population B) majority C) minority D) disadvantage

课文原句，即使是少数也能得到老师的大部分关注

8.I don’t ______ of smoking in public places.

A) approve B) oppose C) appoint D) assign

9.The nuts are crushed in order to ______ the oil from them.

A) contract B) abstract C) extract 提取，压出D) subtract

10.The aim of science is to surely amass and ______ knowledge.

A) sympathize B) realize C) systematize D) socialize

11.I don’t think this question is subordinate ______ the main aim of our company.

A) with B) to C) for D) on

12.Male domination and female ______, to some degree, still exist in many aspects of social lives.

A) superiority B) inferiority C) subordination D) participation

13.In gender-biased schools, the girls were being deprived ______ a vital learning experience that wouldaffect their entire lives.A) from

B) away C) of D) out

(From unit 4 book4)

1.The ship’s generator broke down, and the pumps had to be operated ______ instead of mechanically.

A) manually B) artificially C) automatically D) systematically

2.The company ______ women and minorities whenever possible.

A) arises B) promotes C) applauds D) applies

3.It’s ______ impossible to get home in less than an hour when the traffic is heavy.

A) workably B) unknowingly C) expectantly D) practically 几乎

4.There are three ways to ______ this problem.

A) approach B) attempt C) approve D) apply

5.It is the factory’s decision to ______ short-term profits for the sake of long-term growth.

A) stimulate B) sacrifice C) cultivate D) intervene

6.If you ______ four by three the answer is twelve.

A) add B) subtract C) multiply D) divide

7.We should not ______ these ideas just because they are unfamiliar.

A) dismiss B) desire C) disrupt D) decrease

8.The family continues to be the ______ source of care and comfort for people as they grow older.

A) awkward B) primary C) original D) contrasting

9.She’s ______ to religious education in schools.

A) approved B) opposed C) appealed D) objected

10.We made plans for a visit, but ______ difficulties with the car prevented it.

A) expectant B) relevant C) consequent D) subsequent 接下来的

11.The flavor of most foods can be ______ by good cooking.

A) enhanced增强B) raised C) boosted D) increased

12.There is a dispute over land but we believe we have found a ______ solution to this problem.

A) conscious B) workable C) incomplete D) humorous

13.It is ______ the manager to sort out the problems and make sure things are done on time.

A) for the sake of B) in the hope of C) back to D) up to

Quiz 4

1. She never laughed, lose her temper.

A) or she ever did B) or did she ever C) nor did she ever D) nor she ever did

2. It was very difficult to guess what his to the news would be.

A) impression B) reaction C) comment D) opinion

3. She is a musician than her brother.

A) much of B) more of C) much as D) more as

4. I think it most desirable that Tom to job since he has practical experience.

A) is assigned B) will be assigned C) be assigned D) has been assigned

5. She believed that education should be a preparation for life, that a person learns by doing, and that teaching must the curiosity and creativity of children.

A) seek B) stimulate C) shape D) secure

6. If he doesn’t tell her the truth now, she’ll simply keep on asking him until he .

A) does B) has done C) will do D) would do

7. It is reported that Americans eat as they actually need every day.

A) protein as much twice B) twice as much protein

C) protein as twice much D) twice protein as much

8. The committee is totally opposed any changes being made in the plan.

A) of B) on C) to D) against

9. I hope all the precautions against pollution, suggested by the local government, will be seriously considered here.

A) while B) since C) after D) as

10. The corporate manager was critical the way we were doing the work.

A) at B) in C) of D) with

11. I don’t think his remarks are to our discussion.

A) reliable B) respectable C) relevant D) dependent

12. The suggestion that the governor the prizes was accepted by everyone.

A) would present B) present C) presents D) ought to present

13. She will surely finish the job on time she’s left to do it in her own way.

A) in that B) so long as C) in case D) as far as

14. On New Year’s Eve, Paris holds an outdoor which attracts a crowd of a million or more people.

A) incident B) event C) case D) affair

15. the temperature rising so rapidly, we couldn’t continue the experiment.

A) Since B) For C) As D) With

16. The lawyer advised him to drop the , since he doesn’t stand a chance of winning.

A) event B) incident C) case D) affair

17. Things might have been much worse if the mother on her right to keep the baby.

A) has been insisting B) had insisted C) would insist D) insisted

18. The boy spent as much time playing computer games as he studying.

A) does B) had C) was D) did

19. If people feel hopeless, they don’t bother to the skills they need to achieve success.

A) adopt B) acquire C) accumulate D) assemble

20. The ship’s generator broke down, so the pumps had to be operated instead of mechanically.

A) manually B) artificially C) automatically D) synthetically

21. If I harder at school, I would be sitting in a comfortable office now.

A) worked B) were to work C) had worked D) were working

22. Professor Liu, for his informative lectures, received a warm welcome from his students.

A) knowing B) known C) to be known D) having known

23. The project was almost complete when we received orders to no further with it.

A) progress B) proceed C) march D) promote

24. Arriving home, the girl told her parents about all the which occurred in her dormitory.

A) occasions B) matters C) incidents D) issues

25. Obviously, this new rule is applicable to everyone without .

A) exception B) exclusion C) modification D) substitution

26. She claimed she was unfairly from her post.

A) referred B) deserted C) omitted D) dismissed

27. She was to be the dean of this department last month.

A) applied B) pointed C) appointed D) applied for

28. The republication of the poet’s most recent works will certainly his national reputation.

A) magnify B) widen C) enlarge D) enhance

29. She was a really wonderful mother and sacrificed everything her children.

A) for B) to C) with D) into

30. It was so dark outside that he was just able to the road in the dark.

A) understand B) know C) get D) discern 识别Quiz 5

1. He ___ his cattle on the top meadow.

A) grew B) pastured C) fed D) put

2. Moslems hold their ____ in mosque every Friday.

A) pray B) worship C) respect D) ceremony

3. ______ their differences, the couple were developing an obvious and genuine affection for each other.

A) But for B) For all C) Above all D) Except for

4. These goods are _______ for export, though a few of them may be sold on the home market.

A) essentially B) completely C) necessarily D) remarkably

5. American women were _____ the right to vote until 1920 after many years of hard struggle.

A) ignored B) neglected C) refused D) denied

6. Mike’s uncle insists ______ in this hotel.

A) staying not B) not to stay C) that he would not stay D) that he not stay

7. I don’t think it advisable that Tim _______ to the job since he has no experience.

A) is assigned B) will be assigned C) be assigned D) has been assigned

8. You _______ him so closely; you should have kept your distance.

A) shouldn’t follow B) mustn’t follow C) couldn’t have been following D) shouldn’t have been following

9. I didn’t _______ to take a taxi but I had to as I was late.

A) assume B) suppose C) mean D) hope

10. A lorry _______ Jane’s cat and sped away.

A) ran over B) ran into C) ran through D) ran down

11. Tryon was extremely angry, but cool-headed enough to________ storming into the boss’s office.

A) prevent B) prohibit C) turn D) avoid

12. He moved away from his parents, and missed them _____ enjoy the exciting life in New York.

A) too much to B) enough to C) very much to D) much so as so

13. Last year the advertising rate ______ by 20 percent.

A) raised B) aroused C) arose D) rose

14. The sale usually takes place outside the house, with the audience ______ on benches, chairs or boxes.

A) having seated B) seating C) seated D) having been seated

15.It is important that the hotel receptionist _______ that guests are registered correctly.

A) has made sure B) made sure C) must make sure D) make sure

16. Mark often attempts to escape _____ whenever he breaks traffic regulations.

A) having been fined B) to be fined C) to have been fined D) being fined

17. Some old people don’t like pop songs because they can’t ____ so much noise.

A) resist B) sustain C) tolerate D) undergo

18. He wasn’t appointed chairman of the committee, ______ not very popular with all its members.

A) to be considered B)considering C) being considered D) having considered

19. Everything we eat and drink contains some salt; we can meet the body’s need for it from natural sources without turning _______ the salt bottle.

A) up B) to C) on D) over

20. Some women ______ a good salary in a job instead of staying home, but they decided not to work for the sake of the family.

A) must make B) should have made C) would make D) could have made

21.Most broadcasters maintain that TV has been unfairly criticized and argue that the power of the medium is _______.

A) granted B) implied C) exaggerated D) remedied

22. If I hadn’t stood under the ladder to catch you when you fell, you _____ now.

A) wouldn’t be smiling B) couldn’t have smiled C) won’t smile D) didn’t smile

24. ____ before we depart the day after tomorrow, we should have a wonderful dinner party.

A) Had they arrived B) Would they arrive C) Were they arriving D) Were they to arrive

24. If the whole operation _____ beforehand, a great deal of time and money would have been lost.

A) was not planned B) has not been planned C) had not been planned D) were not planned

Quiz 7

Directions: Choose the choice that best completes the sentence.

I’m so busy looking for a job these days that I have not ________ time to work on my thesis.

A. adequate

B. appropriate

C. equivalent

D. adept

2.Perseverance is ________ for one’s success.

A. major

B. emphatic

C. crucial

D. critic

3. He certainly ________ to be sent to prison.

A. deserts

B. serves

C. worthes

D. deserves

4. What has happened during that moment can not be ________ from his memory.

A. washed

B. erased

C. cleaned

D. deleted

5. The words you choose have effects on whether you can ________ your ideas or not.

A. stimulate

B. formulate

C. express

D. form

6. You should learn to be ________ of others.

A. excusable

B. forgive

C. forgiving

D. forbidden

7. A serious of problems ________ up.

A. popped

B. jumped

C. posed

D. arose

8. He is ________ as having said that our salary would be higher next month.

A. appointed

B. discussed

C. quoted

D. introduced

9. ________ his business will make a profit.

A. Suppose

B. Supposedly

C. Supposing

D. Probable

10. You shouldn’t be so hard on your son, ________ he is only six years old.

A. but

B. therefore

C. so

D. after all

11. You should ________ lose your confidence.

A. by all means

B. by any means

C. by some means

D. by no means

12. He is ________ his rights as a citizen.

deprived B. separated C. deprived of D. deprived

13. With so many things in my mind, I can hardly ________ to work.

a. get down B. get C. get away D. get up

14. What he has ________ enriched his life experience.

a. gone through B. gone to C. gone by D. gone in

15. Let bygones be bygones. Don’t always ________ it.

a. look down upon B. look back on C. look to D. look after

武汉大学2013—2014学年度第一学期2012级《大学英语三级》期末试卷（A卷）

Part II Reading Comprehension (30%)

Passage One

The number of people who are obese is rising. About 1.2 billion people in the world are overweight and at least 300 million of them are obese, even though obesity is one of the 10 most preventable health risks, according to the World Health Organization. In the United States, more than 97 million adults — that’s more than half — are overweight and almost one in five adults is obese. Among teenagers and kids 6 years and older, more than 15% are overweight — that’s more than three times the number of young people who were overweight in the 1970s. At least 300,000 deaths every year in the United States can be linked to obesity.

People gain weight when the body takes in more calories than it burns off. Those extra calories are stored as fat. The amount of weight gain that leads to obesity doesn’t happen in a few weeks or months. Because being obese is more than just being a few pounds overweight, people who are obese have usually been getting more calories than they need for years.

Genes — small parts of the DNA that people inherit from their parents and that decide traits like hair or eye color — can play an important role in this weight gain. Some of your genes tell your body how to metabolize food and how to use extra calories or stored fat. Some people burn calories faster or slower than others do because of their genes.

Obesity can run in families, but just how much is due to genes is hard to decide. Many families eat the same food, have the same habits (like snacking in front of TV), and tend to think alike when it comes to weight issues (like urging children to eat a lot at dinner so they can grow “big and strong”). All of these situations can contribute to weight gain, so it can be difficult to figure out if a person is born with a tendency to be obese or overweight or learns eating and exercise habits that lead to weight gain. In most cases, weight problems arise from a combination of habits and genetic factors. Certain illnesses, like thyroid gland problems or unusual genetic disorders, are uncommon causes for people gaining weight.

Sometimes emotions can fuel obesity as well. People tend to eat more when they are upset, anxious, sad, stressed out, or even bored. Then after they eat too much, they may feel bad about it and eat more to deal with those bad feelings, creating a tough cycle to break.

One of the most important factors in weight gain is a sedentary lifestyle. People are much less active today than they used to be, with televisions, computers, and video games filling their spare time. Cars dominate our lives, and fewer people walk or ride bikes to get somewhere. As lives become busier, there is less time to cook healthy meals, so more and more people eat at restaurants, grab takeout food, or buy quick foods at the grocery store or food market to heat up at home. All of these can contain much more fat and calories than meals prepared from fresh foods

at home.

16. Which of the following statements about obesity is TURE?

A) In the United States, more than 97 million adults are obese.

B) Obesity also occurs to teenagers and young children.

C) Obesity is an incurable health risk.

D) Obesity is the sole reason for at least 300,000 deaths every year in the United States.

17. Many factors may contribute to obesity. Which of the following is NOT mentioned by the author?

A) Genes.B) Emotions.C) Different jobs.D) Lifestyle.

18. When family influence is concerned, all of the following situations can contribute to weight gain, except that ________.

A) family members eat the same foods.

B) family members have the same habits, such as snacking in front of the TV.

C) family members tend to think alike when it comes to weight issues.

D) family members have the similar emotional problems.

19. Which of the following word has the opposite meaning to SEDENTARY, used in the last paragraph?

A)comfortable B)quick C)positive D) active

20. Which of the following is regarded by the author as a healthier choice?

A) Drive a car to get somewhere all the time.

B) Prepare meals from fresh foods at home.

C) Buy quick foods at the grocery store to heat up at home.

D) Watch TV or play computer every night.

Passage Two

I’ve been writing for most of my life. The book Writing Without Teachers introduced me to one distinction and one practice that has helped my writing processes tremendously. The distinction is between the creative mind and the critical mind. While you need to employ both to get to a finished result, they cannot work in parallel no matter how much we might like to think so.

Trying to criticize writing on the fly is possibly the single greatest barrier to writing that most of us encounter. If you are listening to that 5th grade English teacher correct your grammar while you are trying to capture a fleeting thought, the thought will die. If you capture the fleeting thought and simply share it with the world in raw form, no one is likely to understand. You must learn to create first and then criticize if you want to make writing the tool for thinking that it is.

The practice that can help you past your learned bad habits of trying to edit as you write is what Elbow calls “free writing”. In free writing, the objective is to get words down on paper non-stop, usually for 15-20 minutes. No stopping, no going back, no criticizing. The goal is to get the words flowing. As the words begin to flow, the ideas will come out from the shadows and let themselves be captured on your notepad or your screen.

Now you have raw materials that you can begin to work with using the critical mind that you’ve persuaded to sit on the side and watch quietly. Most likely, you will believe that this will take more time than you actually have and you will end up staring blankly at the page as the deadline draws near.

Instead of staring at a blank screen start filling it with words no matter how bad. Halfway through your available time, stop and rework your raw writing into something closer to finished product. Move back and forth until you run out of time and the final result will most likely be far better than your current practices.

21. When the author says the creative mind and the critical mind “cannot work in parallel” (Line 4, Para. 1) in the writing process, he means

________.

A) one cannot use them at the same time

B) no one can be both creative and critical

C) they are in constant conflict with each other

D) they cannot be regarded as equally important

22. What prevents people from writing on is ________.

A) putting their ideas in raw form

B) trying to capture fleeting thoughts

C) attempting to edit as they write

D) ignoring grammatical soundness

23. What is the chief objective of the first stage of writing?

A) To get one’s ideas down.B) To collect raw materials.

C) To choose an appropriate topic.C) To organize one’s thoughts logically.

24. One common concern of writers about“free writing” is that ________.

A) it does not help them to think clearly

B) it takes too much time to edit afterwards

C) it overstresses the role of the creative mind

D) it may bring about too much criticism

25. In what way does the critical mind help the writer in the writing process?

A) It allows him to sit on the side and observe.

B) It saves the writing time available to him.

C) It helps him to come up with new ideas.

D) It refines his writing into better shape.

Passage Three

I am a writer. And by that definition, I am someone who has always loved language. I am fascinated by language in daily life. I spend a great deal of my time thinking about the power of language — the way it can evoke an emotion, a visual image, a complex idea, or a simple truth. Language is the tool of my trade. And I use them all — all the Englishes I grew up with.

Recently, I was made keenly aware of the different Englishes I do use. I was giving a talk to a large group of people, the same talk I had already given to half a dozen other groups. The nature of the talk was about my writing, my life, and my book, The Joy Luck Club. The talk was going along well enough until I remembered one major difference that made the whole talk sound wrong. My mother was in the room. And it was perhaps the first time she had heard me give a lengthy speech, using the kind of English I have never used with her — a speech filled with carefully constructed grammatical phrases, burdened, it suddenly seemed to me, with nominalized forms, past perfect tenses, conditional phrases, all the forms of standard English that I had learned in school and through books, the forms of English I did not use at home with my mother.

Just last week, I was walking down the street with my mother, and I again found myself conscious of the English I was using, the English I do use with her. We were talking about the price of new and used furniture and I heard myself saying this: “Not waste money that way.” My husband was with us as well, and he didn’t notice any change in my English. And then I realized why. It’s because over the twenty years that we have been together I’ve often used the same kind of English with him, and sometimes he even uses it with me. It has become our language of intimacy, a different sort of English that relates to family talk, the language I grew up with.

You should know that my mother’s expressive command of English doesn’t reflect how much she actually understands. She reads financial reports, listens to Wall Street Week, converses daily with her stockbroker, and reads many types of books with ease. Yet some of my friends tell me they only understand 50 percent of what my mother says. Some say they understand 80 to 90 percent. Some say they understand none of it, as if she were speaking pure Chinese. But to me, my mother’s English is perfectly clear, perfectly natural. It’s my mother tongue. Her language, as I hear it, is vivid, direct, and full of observation and imagery. That was the language that helped shape the way I saw things, expressed things, made sense of the world.

Lately, I’ve been giving more thought to the kind of English my mother speaks. Like others, I have described it to other people as “broken” English. But I shrink with pain when I say that. It always bothered me that I can think of no way to describe it other than “broken”, as if it were damaged and needed to be fixed, as if it lacked certain wholeness and soundness. I’ve heard other terms used, “limited English”, for example. But they seem just as bad, as if everything is limited, including people’s perceptions of the “limited” English speaker.

26. According to the author, a writer is a person who ________.

A) can use standard language B) loves language

C) uses only simple language D) can use different languages

27. Her recent talk made her realize that ________.

A) her mother speaks poor English

B) she spoke better English than her mother

C) she couldn’t speak standard English in the presence of her mother

D) she uses different Englishes

28. Her husband didn’t notice her change in her English because ________.

A) she has been using the same “broken” English with him

B) he didn’t pay close attention to what she said

C) his native language wasn’t English

D) she has been using standard English with him

29. We can conclude from paragraph 4 that ________.

A) her mother understands more than she can speak

B) her mother is better at speaking than understanding

C) her mother is a capable stockbroker

D) her mother’s English is perfect

30. Which of the following statements is false about the “limited” English of the author’s mother?

A) It affected the author’s perception of the world.

B) It was damaged and needed to be fixed.

C) It helped the author perceive the world.

D) It restricted other people’s understanding.

Passage Four A for Y, B for N, and C for NG.

Examinations have become a well-established means of measuring a person’s understanding of a subject. It has been argued that examinations may help to identify the most able learners and motivate learners to work hard. However, in recent years, the need for examinations has been brought into question as a result of the pressure they exert on students. In this essay, I examine arguments that support examinations and those that do not. I then go on to consider whether or not examinations should be retained as the main mode of assessing learning.

Many education experts have presented evidence to show that examinations encourage students to take their work seriously by giving them a concrete goal to aim for. Without examinations schools would almost certainly have far greater numbers of poorly motivated students than is the case at present. In the examination students are stimulated by the competitive atmosphere to produce the best work and time pressures simply reflect that in the real world all tasks are tackled under time constraints. Examinations stimulate hard work and healthy competition, which reflects the realities of the outside world.

However, examinations can affect the psychological state of candidates and cause some severe psychological problems. In fact, research findings show that students who are relaxed tend to do better than those who are anxious.

The next consideration is the measuring function of examinations. Society needs a standardized system of assessment for deciding who will further education and who will do particular jobs. Many important selection procedures rely on examination results. For example, without the objective measurements offered by examination results employers would find it very difficult to know who to employ and at which level of responsibility to employ people. University administrators would also have no way of knowing who was suitable to undertake degree-level studies. Examinations also help educational institutions to measure the effectiveness of their own teaching methods.

The validity of examination results has, however, been challenged by Fan, who argues that examinations encourage students to memorize information rather than understand it thoroughly. Examinations may not provide a valid standardized way to compare students’ ability, if they only measure what a candidate has memorized rather than understood. If high grades are achieved at the expense of “deep” learning they are meaningless and can not be treated as valid.

A third argument in favor of examinations is that the alternative mode of assessment, continuous assessment by coursework, has serious disadvantages. In continuous assessment students, particularly the poorer ones, get a great deal of help from teachers. This attention pulls them up to a higher overall grade than they may have achieved in an examination. Further, continuous assessment has a “levelling” effect---teachers avoid awarding grades at the top and bottom of the scale---with the result that students’ marks cluster around the mean grade. Employment and future study decisions are then made very difficult because students appear to be mostly of the same ability. Examinations, however, have the effect of spreading students more realistically over the full range of possible grades and the results obtained in this way provide employers and universities with much more reliable data on which to base their decisions

However, some educators argue that continuous assessment ensures that teachers will cover the full range of topics on the subject syllabuses. Teachers are always very anxious about examinations results and feel that their competence is judged, to a large extent, on the results achieved by their students. Consequently, teachers often concentrate only on what is directly relevant to examinations. Continuous assessment ensures that all topic areas on the syllabus are given equal attention.

In this essay, I have discussed some of the main arguments for and against the use of examinations as the main mode of assessing learning. Benefits of examinations were explained, for example, their provision of a standardized form of assessing candidates’ suitability for employment or further studies, and their potential to stimulate students to work hard by creating a competitive atmosphere. I also analyzed some of the main arguments against examinations. Drawbacks include the harmful psychological effects they have on some students and the claim that examinations encourage memorization rather than understanding of information. I also pointed out that concern about examinations may cause some teachers to limit the topic areas covered in a course.

Evaluating the evidence leads to conclude that examinations should be retained. They are a reasonably reliable indicator of students’ academic ability and allow employers and educational administrators to base their judgments on objective rather subjective or impressionistic data. I am not, however, in favor of examinations being the only form of assessment. I would recommend that most courses of study should allot (分配) 40% of marks to continuous assessment but the remaining 60% should be reserved for the examination. In this way, a fair chance will be achieved between grades scored throughout a period of study and those earned under examination conditions

31. A discussion of the advantages and disadvantages of examinations is presented in the passage.

32. To avoid severe psychological problems caused by examinations, the American authorities grant teenagers the admission to universities without

taking entrance examinations

33. One of the benefits of examinations is that they encourage deep understanding of information rather than memorization

34. Continuous assessment is not favored because it doesn’t ensure that all topic areas on the syllabus are given equal attention.

35. The author holds the view that on the whole examinations are beneficial.

Part III Vocabulary (20%)

Directions: For each of the following incomplete sentences, there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Choose the one that best completes the sentence, and then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.

36. The ______ from political activity to family life was hard to handle.

A) steer B) shrink C) switch D)schedule

37. Drugs can alter your ______ of reality.

A) conception B) assumption C) imagination D) perception

38. That newspaper printed ______ of the incorrect statements about the effect of that medicine on its front page .

A) assignments B) characteristics C) clarifications D) calculations

39.The 1980s were ______ by high inflation and high unemployment.

A) classified B) characterized C) constructed D) conceited

40. The local authority decided that the present housing conditions ______ a risk for the mother and baby.

A) constituted B) conducted C) concluded D) concerned

41. He said he greatly regretted the violations as they were ______.

A) undecided B) unintentional C) universal D) unsafe

42. My children ______ on my good cooking.

A) fed up B) were fed up C) thrived D) were thrived

43. Anyone who can’t use a computer is at a(n) ______ these days.

A) advantage B) disadvantage C) minority D) majority

44. On the hillside, we could see the ______ shapes of sheep coming through the mist.

A) vague B) vulgar C)valid D) violent

45. I’m sure that he is able to turn the company _____ within two years.

A) over B) on C) around D) out

46. Many species of wild animals have ______ disappeared from the surface of the earth.

A) inherently B) vitally C) identically D) virtually

47. ______ a friend’s advice, he bought $50, 000 of shares in a television company.

A) Acting on B) Acted on C) Based on D) Basing on

48. As children grow older, parents should let their children decide how to use their time or spend their money but not ______ help them too much

if they make the wrong decision.

A) naturally B) unconsciously C) practically D) automatically

49. I haven’t seen that student of mine for a long while. Has she _______?

A) dropped out B) signed up C) pulled together D) fallen behind

50. We should not ______ these ideas just because they are unfamiliar.

A) sacrifice B) dismiss C) confirm D)discern

51. The earthquake, the tsunami and a ______ gas explosion left the town in ruins.

A) consequent B) deliberate C) subordinate D) subsequent

52. It gradually ______ me that I still had talent and ought to run again.

A) came upon B) dawned on C) impressed on D) dated back to

53. The cruise liner will arrive on Friday unless bad weather ______.

A) intervenes B) interrupts C) involves D) incorporates

54. Among the items ______ for the leaders' summit is discussion of the TPP (Trans-Pacific Partnership Agreement).

A) in the arena B) on the platform C) on the agenda D) on a pedestal

55. His fellow-directors are not ________ to running the business without him.

A) up B) down C) able D) over

56. Professional image and fluent English may ______ our chances of success in job interviews.

A) plus B) illuminate C) confine D) multiply

57. Bill felt so confused that he hasn’t been able to ______ his new plan so far.

A) accumulate B) formulate C) fortitude D) stimulate

58. There is a willow in the yard that ______the house of light.

A) provides B) derives C) prevents D) deprives

59. If work schedules were more flexible, different companies could ______ their office hours to reduce the rush.

A) stagger B) stick to C) expand D) sacrifice

60. There is a ______ connection between cigarette smoking and lung cancer.

A) definite B) immeasurable C) deficient D) dominating

61. Parents shouldn’t ______ their children from the realities of life because they will have their own life in the end.

A) spoil B) support C) shelter D) forgive

62. Apple has admitted that its latest operating system harbors a bug that can ______ delete data belonging to the computer owner.

A) extremely B) consciously C) deliberately D) accidentally

63. Large number of fans have also gathered outside Jackson’s home with lit candles to ______ the star while playing his greatest hits.

A) recall B) mourn C) undertake D) associate

64. There is no news; ______, she went on hoping.

A) so B) moreover C) accordingly D) nonetheless

65. It seems he has a very good relationship with his colleagues. How did he ______ cheating his colleagues?

A) get rid of B) keep away from C) get away with D) get along with

66. Born in 1969, Linus was named after Linus Pauling, the _____ American chemist and double Nobel Prize winner.

A) studious B) potential C) eminent D) intense

67. A(n) _____ piece of work is done by two or more people or groups working together.

A) constructive B) collaborative C) tolerant D) intellectual

68. The very idea of intellectual property is a western one. Has China, the home of the compass, ever tried to charge the millions of sea-going

voyagers for the use of such an essential item? Copyright protection is _____ to human progress and should not be enshrined in law.

A) clumsy B) self-righteous C) blatant D) detrimental

69. Long-lived people might well possess genes which help to prevent them _____ particular diseases such as cancer and heart disease.

A) contracting B) assigning C) involving D) boosting

70. To enter these markets, Western companies must _____ to authorities details not only of their products but also of the processes whereby their

products are created.

A) sparkle B) resist C) plough D) disclose

71. Thinking that the “old days” were better than “these days” and complaining about how the world is _____ and criticizing the younger generation

are sure signs of an early death.

A) misusing B) irritating C) deteriorating D) entertaining

72. Exercise doesn’t make you eat more and so get fatter. On the contrary, after an exercise session the appetite is _____ and the body continues

to burn calories for many hours.

A) suppressed B) skipped C) refuted D) feasted

73. Mike is buying his expensive house with the help of a large loan, which he has to pay back _____ over the next twenty years.

A) to this day B) in installments C) out of hand D) for ages

74. The British love of the pound is given as the main reason for not adopting the euro, but, in fact, there is a more _____reason for the UK’s wish

to keep the pound: the pound is very strong against the euro and indeed against most of the old European currencies.

A) pragmatic B) monetary C) progressive D) stubborn

75. Dust _____ ---- whether from inside or outside the building ---- can cause sinusitis and bronchitis.

A)interference B) inhalation C) manufacture D)emission

Part IV Translation (10%)

Directions: Translate the Chinese given in the brackets into English. Please use words and expressions learned in the texts. (Each black will be filled in with only ONE word.)

76. Fast cars __________ __________ John（对……有吸引力）, but he can’t afford one.

77.___________ _____________（互相鼓励）can be a great help, especially in the early days.

78. The two former enemies ___________ an ___________（达成共识）and shook hands.

79. Who around you ___________ （值得）a note of thanks or approval?

80.“___________ ___________（对……的偏见）girls is not something new: it has existed for

a long time in our history.” she argued.

81.The government is committed to ___________（促进）the development and use of public transportation.

82. It is all very well to be frugal（节约）, but he ___________ too ___________（做得过火）.

83. These products ___________ ___________ to（达到）the national standards.

84. Keep on doing that and you’ll ___________ ___________（最后以……为结局）in serious trouble.

85. The light is so dim that I cannot ____________ one speaker____________ another（区分）

Part V Writing (15%) Campus Life

1. 有的大学生认为大学生活是丰富多彩，充实的；

2. 有的大学生对校园生活不满意；

3. 你理想中的大学生活是什么样的？

新编大学英语Book-4-第三版课后答案

新编大学英语Book-4-第三版课 后答案 Unit 1 Vocabulary 1 1) entertaining / entertainment / entertained /en terta iner 2) recog ni zable / recog ni zed / recog niti on 3) tempti ng / temptati on / tempt 4) reas oned /reas oning / reas on able / reas on 5) a nalyzed / an alytical /an alyst /nanl ysis 6) valuable / valuati on / valued values /value 7) humorist / humor /humorous /humorist 8) un dersta ndable /un dersta nding /un dersta nd /mis un dersta nd

Tan slati on 1) Lively behavior is normal_for a four-year-old child.(活泼的举止是正常的) 2) Fast cars appeal to John, but he can 't afford one.(速度快的车对??…有吸引力) 3) Dave required a lot of time to study the diverse argume nt. (多种多样的论据) 4) I asked my boss for clarification, and she expla ined the project to me aga in. （我要求我的上司为我解释清楚） 5） Photographic film is very sensitive to light. （对光很敏感） 6） Mutual encouragement _can be a great help, especially in the early days. （互相鼓励） 7） Jimmy cried when people made fun of him. （拿他开玩笑） 8）John won 't give up. He persists in his opinion. （坚持他的观点） 9） Ted always wants to be the focus/center of

新编大学英语4课文翻译(包括课后文章翻译)和答案

Reading comprehension 1略 2 BDCAC AADBB Vocabulary 1. 1) A. entertaining B. entertainment C. entertained D. entertainer 2) A. recognizable B. recognized C. recognition 3) A. tempting B. temptation C. tempt 4) A. reasoned B. reasoning C. reasonable D. reason 5) A. analyzed B. analytical C. analyst D. analysis 6) A. valuable B. valuation C. valued/values D. values 7) A. humorist B. humor C. humorous D. humorless 8) A. understandable B. understanding C. understand D. misunderstood 2. 1) a sense of responsibility 2) a sense of safety/security 3) a sense of inferiority 4) a sense of superiority 5) a sense of rhythm 6) a sense of justice 7) a sense of shame 8) a sense of helplessness 9) a sense of direction 10) a sense of urgency 3. 1) Lively behavior is normal 2) Fast cars appeal to 3) diverse arguments 4) I asked my boss for clarification 5) sensitive to light 6) Mutual encouragement 7) made fun of him 8) persists in his opinion/viewpoint 9) to be the focus/center of attention 10) we buy our tickets in advance 4. 1）certain/sure 2) involved 3) end 4) behavior 5) disciplining 6) agreed 7) individually 8) first 9) response 10) question 11) attempt 12) voice 13) directly 14) followed 15) trouble Unit 2 便笺的力量 Reading comprehension 1略 2 FFTFTFTFTTFTFT Vocabulary 1. Creating Compound Words

新编大学英语4 单词默写表

1 ★ 官僚主义者 漫画家 ★ 澄清，解释 ▲ 小丑 # 喜剧演员 # 相声 # 双关语 有趣的，令人愉快的 熟悉，精通 聚会 幽默（作）家；有幽默感的人 缺乏幽默感的 ★ 笨蛋，蠢材 ★ 恼火的，不耐烦的 可笑的，荒唐的 笑，笑声 误用；滥用 相互的；彼此的 # 神气活现地走或移动 最重要的，主要的 # 双关语 有礼貌的，有教养的；有品位的 ▲ 谜，谜语 # 出谜语的人 有选择地 # 机制，结构 # 滑稽表演，打闹剧 ★ 闪亮的，闪光的 一连串，一系列 # 使人产生邪念的，挑逗的 ★ 戏弄，取笑 ★ 怂恿，引诱（某人）去做 普遍的，全体的 ★ 粗俗的，庸俗的 在某人伸手够不着的地方 对某人一笑 努力做某事，试图做某事 嘲弄；拿。。。开玩笑 ▲ 贵族 集合，聚集；收集；组合，装配 # 发条装置 证明，（宣判）。。。有罪； 囚犯 ★ 温暖舒适的；亲切友好的 过时的；老式的 发觉，察觉 戏剧，电视剧 小说的，虚构的 园丁，园艺工人 ★ 等级制度 # 未完成的部分 审判不公，误判 道德上的，道义上的 ▲ 着魔，迷恋；困扰人的想法 刑罚，惩罚，处罚 可预料的，可预言的 心理地 短缺，缺乏，不足 ★ 使不安，扰乱 ▲ 行踪，去向 # 侦探小说、电影 不正确地，错误地 以 结束 简而言之，总之 极有规律性和准确性地；顺利地 呈现（某种品质），以 面貌出现

被捕，在押 确实，（用于强调某个观点） 2 # 冷淡的，超然离群的 描绘，描述 的特征 报纸或书页上的栏 ★ 赞美的，赞赏的 ★ 诚挚而友好的 值得，应得，应受 ★ 不利条件，缺点，弊端 企业，公司 新意；勃勃生机 不真诚的 激励人心的；启发灵感的 ★ 激起 的好奇心（或兴趣），迷住 投资（额） 远距离的，长途的 市长；镇长 ▲ 备忘录 # 导师，指导者 重大事件，里程碑 ▲ 早该发生的；早该完成的 便笺本，拍纸簿 富有诗意的 ▲ 从事者，实践者；医师，律师 精确的，准确的 # （书页）折角的，破旧的，翻旧了的 ★ 接受者，接收者 ▲ 品味，体验；品尝 # 潦草地书写，乱涂乱画 ★ 多愁善感的，多情的 鼓舞人心的 ▲ 文具，信纸 兴旺，繁荣；茁壮成长 天河 打字机 # 冷淡的 # 乐观的，快乐的 含糊的，不明确的；不清楚的，模糊的 差不多实际上 # 良好祝愿 表扬 在手边，在近处 认为 重要；重视 认识到 的重要意义；有头绪 采取后续行动 鼓舞，激励 养成 的习惯 使某人非常高兴 传递，转交 （由于害怕或缺乏信心等）回避（做某事），躲避 （使）向好的方向发展 行业，职业；社会阶层 # 皮夹子 ▲ 脱口而出 不乐 # 棺材 令人愉快的；漂亮的 # 易怒的；不安的 农舍 ▲ 不停地 # 淘气，调皮 # 新手的，生手的 没有恶习新手 允许

新编大学英语4课后答案 part

新编大学英语4 unit4课后答案 Reading Comprehension1. 1 Introduction Para 1 It is introduced in the article how teachers and parents can encourage creativity in children. 2 An important strategy for parents and teachers to follow Para. 2-3 A. The strategy: To encourage children to spend time thinking and developing new ideas. B. The significance for adopting the strategy: If children can be taught to think creatively they will be better able to function in tomorrow’s society. 3 The definition of creativity Para. 4-5 A. Who successful students and adults are: Those who can find a number of ways to approach problems. B. What creative people can do: They can use what they have to produce original ideas that are good for something. 4 A big problem in school Para. 6 The problem: Children can obtain and give back information but can’t figure out ways to apply what they know in new situations. 5 A new approach to teaching Para 7 A. The approach: Combining the basics with the activities where students must use their imaginations. B. How to do so: By asking questions and meanwhile praising their ideas and new thoughts.

新编大学英语4unit2book4听力原文和答案核对版

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