铁路工程英语常用词汇
铁路工程英语常用词汇
铁路线railway line；railroad line
铁路网railway network；railroad network
铁道科学railway science
铁路技术railway technology
铁路等级railway classification
国有铁路national railway；state railway
地方铁路local railway；regional railway
私有铁路private railway
合资铁路joint investment railway；jointly owned railway
标准轨铁路standard-gage railway
窄轨铁路narrow-gage railway
米轨铁路meter-gage railway
宽轨铁路broad-gage railway
单线铁路single track railway
双线铁路double track railway
多线铁路multiple track railway
重载铁路heavy haul railway
高速铁路high speed railway
电气化铁路；电力铁路electrified railway；electric railway
干线铁路main line railway；trunk railway
市郊铁路suburban railway
地下铁道；地铁subway；metro；underground railway 工业企业铁路industry railway
矿山铁路mine railway
轻轨铁路light railway；light rail
高架铁路elevated railway
单轨铁路；独轨铁路monorail；monorail railway
磁浮铁路magnetic levitation railway；maglev
森林铁路forest railway 山区铁路mountain railway
既有铁路existing railway
新建铁路newly-built railway
改建铁路reconstructed railway
运营铁路railway in operation；operation；operating railway
专用铁路special purpose railway
干线trunk line；main line
支线branch line
铁路专用线railway special line
货运专线railway line for freight traffic；freight special line；freight traffic only line
客运专线railway line for passenger traffic；passenger special line；passenger traffic only line
客货运混合铁路railway line for mixed passenger and freight traffic
铁路运营长度；运营里程operation length of railway；operating distance；revenue length
列车运行图train diagram
铁路建筑长度construction length of railway
区间section
区段district
轨距rail gage；rail gauge
轮重wheel load
轴重axle load
最大轴重maximum allowable axle load
限制轴重axle load limited
限界clearance；gauge
限界图clearance diagram
铁路建筑限界railway construction clearance；structure clearance for railway；railway structure gauge
基本建筑限界fundamental construction clearance；fundamental structure gauge
桥梁建筑限界bridge construction clearance；bridge structure gauge
隧道建筑界限tunnel construction clearance；tunnel structure gauge
铁路机车车辆限界rolling stock clearance for railway；vehicle gauge
机车车辆上部限界clearance limit for upper part of rolling stock
机车车辆下部限界clearance limit for lower part of rolling stock
装载限界loading clearance limit；loading gauge
阔大货物限界clearance limit for freight with exceptional dimension；clearance limit for oversize commodities
接触网限界clearance limit for overhead contract wire
列车与线路相互作用track-train interaction
轮轨关系wheel-rail relation；wheel-rail interaction
粘着系数adhesion coefficient
车轮滑行wheel sliding；wheel skid
车轮空转wheel slipping
牵引种类kinds of traction；category of traction
牵引方式mode of traction
牵引定数tonnage rating；tonnage of traction
装载系数loading coefficient
速度speed
持续速度continuous speed
限制速度limited speed；speed restriction
均衡速度balancing speed
构造速度construction speed；design speed
最高速度maximum speed
临界速度critical speed
重载列车heavy haul train
高速列车high speed train 超长超重列车exceptionally long and heavy train
列车正面冲突train collision
列车尾追train tail collision
列车尾部防护train rear end protection
伸缩运动fore and aft motion
蛇行运动hunting；nosing
列车压缩train running in
列车拉伸train running out
列车分离train separation
列车颠覆train overturning
列车动力学train dynamics
列车空气动力学train acrodynamics
机车车辆振动vibration of rolling stock
纵向振动longitudinal vibration
横向振动lateral vibration
垂向振动vertical vibration
摆滚振动rock-roll vibration
浮沉振动bouncing；vibration
测滚振动rolling ；vibration
测摆振动swaying；vibration
点头振动pitching；nodding
摇头振动yawing；hunting
机车车辆共振resonance of rolling stock
机车车辆冲击impact of rolling
纵向冲击longitudinal impact
横向冲击lateral impact
垂向冲击vertical impact
货运站综合作业自动化automation of synthetic operations at freight station
行车指挥自动化automation of traffic control
编组场综合作业自动化automation of synthetic operations in marshalling yard
铁路运营信息系统railway operation information
system
铁路数据交换系统railway data exchange system
运营系统模拟simulation of operation system
铁路法railway law
铁道法规railway act
铁路条例railway code
铁路技术管理规程regulations of railway technical operation
综合运输comprehensive transport；multi-mode transport；intermode transport
国际铁路联运international railway through traffic
大陆桥；洲际铁路transcontinental railway；intercontinental railway；land-railway
国际联运协定agreement of international through traffic 国际联运议定书protocol of international through traffic 国际铁路联运公约convention of international railway through traffic
铁路新线建设newly-built railway construction
铁路技术改造technical reform of railway；technical renovation of railway；betterment and improvement of railway
铁路主要技术条件main technical standard of railway；main techincal requirement of railway
单位工程unit project
分部工程part project
分项工程item project
预可行性研究pre-feasibility study
项目建议书proposed task of project
可行性研究feasibility study
设计阶段design phase；design stage
三阶段设计three-step design；three-phase design
两阶段设计two-step design；two-phase design
一阶段设计one-step design；one-phase design 初步设计preliminary design
技术设计technical design
扩大初步设计enlarged preliminary design；expanded preliminary design
施工图设计construction detail design；working-drawing design
变更设计altered design
设计概算approximate estimate of design；budgetary estimate of design
个别概算individual approximate estimate
综合概算comprehensive approximate estimate
总概算sum of approximate estimate；total estimate；summary estimate
修正总概算amended sum of approximate estimate；revised general estimate
调整总概算adjusted sum of approximate estimate
投资检算checking of investment
预算定额rating of budget；rating form for budget
概算定额rating of approximate estimate；rating form for estimate
投资估算investment estimate
估算指标index of estimate
机械台班定额rating per machine per team；rating per machine-team
工程直接费direct expense of project；direct cost of project
工程间接费indirect expense of project；indirect cost of project
工程预备费reserve fund of project
设计鉴定certification of design；appraisal of design 竣工决算final accounts of completed project
铁路用地right-of-way
铁路勘测railway reconnaissance
调查测绘survey and drawing of investigation；investigation survey；investigation surveying and sketching
地形调查topographic survey
地貌调查topographic feature survey；geomorphologic survey
地质调查geologic survey
经济调查economic investigation；economic survey
水文地质调查hydrogeologic survey
土石成分调查survey of soil and rock composition
土石物理力学性质physical and mechanical properties of soil and rock
土石分类classification of soil and rock
地基承载力bearing capacity of foundation；bearing capacity of ground；bearing of subgrade
隧道围岩分级classification of tunnel surrounding rock 地质图测绘survey and drawing of geological map；surveying and sketching of geological map
勘探exploration；prospecting
挖探excavation prospecting
钻探boring；exploration drilling
物探geophysical prospecting
室内测试indoor test；laboratory test
原位测试in situ test
静力触探static sounding；static probing；cone penetration test
动力触探试验dynamic penetration test
标准贯入试验standard penetration test
区域地质regional geology
工程地质engineering geology
不良地质unfavorable geology
特殊地质special geology
工程地质条件engineering geologic requirement；engineering geologic condition
气象资料meteorological data
冻结深度freezing depth
地震基本烈度basic intensity of earthquake；seismic basic intensity
工程地质图engineering geological map
地层柱状图column diagram of stratum；graphic logs of strata；drill log of stratum
洪水调查flood survey
河道调查river course survey
冰凌调查ice floe survey；frazil ice survey
汇水区流域特征调查survey of catchment basin characteristics
水文断面hydrologic sectional drawing；hydrologic section；hydrologic cross-section
主河槽main river channel
设计流速design current velocity
设计高程；设计标高design elevation
河流比降slope of river；comparable horizon of river 历史洪水位historic flood level
最高水位highest water level；HWL
通航水位navigation water level；NWL
桥涵水文hydrology of bridge and culvert
水利半径hydraulic radius
桥前壅水高度backwater height in front of bridge；top water level in front of bridge
桥渡勘测设计survey and design of bridge crossing
水面坡度slope of water surface
水文测量hydrological survey
泥石流流域catchment basin of debris flow
分水岭watershed；dividing ridge
汇水面积catchment area；water collecting area；drainage area
洪水频率flood frequency
设计流量design discharge
设计水位design water level
施工水位construction level；construction water level；working water level
设计洪水过程线designed flood hydrograph
容许冲刷allowable scour
一般冲刷general scour
局部冲刷local scour；partial scour
铁路测量railway survey
线路踏勘；草测route reconnaissance
初测preliminary survey
定测location survey；alignment；final location survey 导线测量traversing；traverse survey
光电导线photoelectric traverse
地形测量topographical survey
横断面测量cross leveling；cross-section survey；cross-section leveling
线路测量route survey；profile survey；longitudinal survey
既有线测量；旧线测量survey of existing railway
线路复测repetition survey of existing railway；resurvey of existing railway
测量精度survey precision；precision of survey
均方差；中误差mean square error
最大误差；极限误差maximum error；limiting error 中线测量center line survey
中线桩center line stake
加桩additional stake；plus stake
外移桩shift out stake；stake outward；offset stake
水准点高程测量benchmark leveling
中桩高程测量；中平center stake leveling
曲线控制点curve control point 放线setting-out of route；lay out of route
交点intersection point
副交点auxiliary intersection point
转向角deflection angle
分转向角auxiliary deflection angle
坐标方位角plane-coordinate azimuth
象限角quadrantal angle
经纬距plane rectangular coordinate
断链broken chain
投影断链projection of broken chain
断高broken height
铁路航空摄影测量；铁路航测railway aerial photogrammetry
铁路航空勘测railway aerial surveying
航带设计flight strip design；design of flight strip
铁路工程地质遥感remote sensing of railway engineering geology
测段segment of survey
航测选线aerial surveying alignment
航测外控点field control point of aerophotogrammetry 全球定位系统global positioning system；GPS
像片索引图index of photography
三角测量trigonometric survey；triangulation
精密导线测量precise traverse survey；accurate traverse survey
三角高程测量trigonometric leveling
隧道洞外控制测量ouside tunnel control survey
隧道洞内控制测量in tunnel control survey；through survey
隧道洞口投点horizontal point of tunnel portal；geodetic control point of portal location of adit
桥轴线测量survey of bridge axis
铁路选线railway location；approximate railway
location；location of railway route selection
平原地区选线location in plain region；plain location 越岭选线location of mountain line；location of line in mountain region；location over mountain
山区河谷选线mountain and valley region location；location of line of in mountain and valley region
丘陵地段选线hilly land location；location of line on hilly land
工程地质选线engineering geoligic location of line
线间距distance between centers of tracks；midway between tracks
车站分布distribution of stations
方案比选scheme comparison；route alternative
投资回收期repayment period of capital cost
纸上定线paper location of line
缓坡地段section of easy grade；section of gentle slope 紧坡地段section of sufficient grade
非紧坡地段section of unsufficient grade；section fo insufficient grade
导向线leading line；alignment guiding line
拔起高度；克服高度height of lifting；lifting height；ascent of elevation
横断面选线cross-section method of railway location；location with cross-section method；cross-section method for location of line
展线extension of line；development of line；line development
展线系数coefficient of extension line；coefficient of development line
套线overlapping line
线路平面图track plan；line plan
线路纵断面图track profile；line profile
站坪长度length of station site 站坪坡度grade of station site
控制区间control section；controlling section
最小曲线半径minimum radius of curve
圆曲线circular curve
单曲线simple curve
缓和曲线transition curve；easement curve；spiral transition curve
缓和曲线半截变更率rate of easement curvature；rate of transition curve
复曲线compound curve
同向曲线curves of same sense；adjacent curves in one direction
反向曲线reverse curve；curve of opposite sense
夹直线intermediate straight line；tangent between curves
坡度grade；gradient；slope
人字坡double spur grade
限制坡度ruling grade；limiting grade
加力牵引坡度pusher grade；assisting grade
最大坡度maximum grade
临界坡度critical grade
长大坡度long steep grade；long heavy grade
动力坡度momentum grade
均衡坡度balanced grade
有害地段harmful district
无害地段harmless district
变坡点point of gradient change；breake in grade
坡段grade section
坡段长度length of grade section
坡度差algebraic difference between adjacent gradients 竖曲线vertical curve
分坡平段level stretch between opposite sign gradient
缓和坡度slight grade；flat grade；easy grade
起动缓坡flat gradient for starting
加速缓坡easy gradient for acceleration；accelerating grade
坡度折减compensation of gradient；gradient compensation；grade compensation
曲线折减compensation of curve；curve compesation 隧道坡度折减compensation of gradient in tunnel；compensation grade in tunnel
绕行地段detouring section；round section
换侧；换边change side of double line
容许应力设计法allowable stress design method
破损阶段设计法plastic stage design method
极限状态设计法limit state design method
概率极限状态设计法；可靠度设计法probabilistic limit state design method
地震系数法seismic coefficient method
路基subgrade；road bed；formation subgrade
岩石路基rock subgrade
渗水土路基permeable soil subgrade；pervious embankment
非渗水土路基non-permeable soil subgrade；impervious embankment
特殊土路基subgrade of special soil
软土地区路基subgrade in soft soil zone；subgrade in soft；clay region
泥沼地区路基subgrade in bog zone；subgrade in morass region；subgrade in swampland
膨胀土地区路基；裂土地区路基subgrade in swelling soil zone；subgrade in expansive soil region
盐渍土地区路基subgrade in salty soil zone；subgrade in saline soil region
多年冻土路基subgrade in permafrost soil zone
特殊条件下的路基subgrade under special condition 河滩路堤embankment on plain river beach
滨河路堤embankment on river bank
水库路基subgrade in reservoir；embankment crossing reservoir
崩塌地段路基subgrade in rock fall district；subgrade in collapse zone
岩堆地段路基subgrade in rock deposit zone；subgrade in talus zone；subgrade in scree zone
滑坡地段路基subgrade in slide
岩溶地段路基；喀斯特地段路基subgrade in karst zone 洞穴地段路基subgrade in cavity zone；subgrade in cavern zone
风沙地段路基subgrade in windy and sandy zone；subgrade in desert
雪害地段路基subgrade in snow damage zone；subgrade in snow disaster zone
泥石流地段路基subgrade in debris flow zone
路基横断面subgrade cross-section
路基面subgrade surface；formation
路基面宽度width of the subgrade surface；formation width
路拱road crown；subgrade crown
路肩Road shoulder；subgrade shoulder
路肩高程formation level；shoulder level
路堤embankment；fill
路堑cut；road；cutting
半堤半堑part-cut and part-fill section；cut and fill section
基床subgrade bed；formation
基床表层surface layer of subgrade bed；formation top layer；surface layer of subgrade
基床表层bottom layer of subgrade；formation base layer；bottom layer of subgrade bed
线路工程railway line engineering
铁路勘测；铁道勘测railway reconnaissance
铁路选线；铁道选线railway route selection；railway location；approximate railway location；location of railway route selection
经济勘察economic investigation
地质调查geological survey；geologic survey
方案比较project comparison
铁路勘探；铁道勘探railway exploration
铁路测量；铁道测量railway survey
线路测量route survey；profile survey；longitudinal survey
曲线测量curve survey
既有线测量survey of existing line；survey of existing railway
铁路线路图；铁道线路图railway map
定线location of line
铁路设计；铁道设计railway design
线路设计track design
平面设计plane design
纵断面设计longitudinal section design
横断面设计transverse section design
曲线设计curve design
车站设计station design
站场设计design of stations and yards
标准设计standard design
线路等级line grade
铁路限界；铁道限界railway clearance
建筑限界construction clearance
设计规范code of design
设计标准design standard
铁路线路；铁道线路railway line
铁路曲线；铁道曲线railway curve 缓和曲线transition curve；easement curve；spiral transition curve
小半径曲线small-radius curve
曲线半径curve radius
曲线超高super elevation on curve；cant；elevation of curve
欠超高inadequate super elevation；deficient super elevation
未被平衡加速度unbalanced acceleration
竖曲线vertical curve
坡道gradient
坡度grade；gradient；slope
限制坡度ruling grade；limiting grade
坡度折减grade compensation；compensation of gradient；gradient compensation
避难线refuge siding；catch siding
双线插入段double track interpolation
铁路连接线；铁道连接线railway connecting line
隧道内线路line in tunnel
桥头引线bridge approach
站线siding
站线长度length of station line
铁路标志；铁道标志railway sign
警冲标fouling point indicator；fouling post
线路中心线track center line；central lines of track
线间距离；线间距distance between centers of lines；distance between centers of tracks；midway between tracks 线路试验；线路实验track test；road test；running test 路基subgrade
铁路路基；路基；铁道路基railway subgrade；subgrade 软土路基soft soil subgrade
沙漠路基desert subgrade
冻土路基permafrost subgrade
膨胀土路基subgrade in swelling soil zone
路基基床subgrade bed
路堤embankment；fill
高路堤high-fill embankment
路堑cut；road cutting
深路堑deep cutting
路肩road shoulder；subgrade shoulder
边坡side slope
护坡revetment；slope protection；pitching
路基滑动subgrade slip
滑坡防治landslide preventive treatment
路基排水subgrade drainage
塑料排水板plastic drainage board
路基加固subgrade strengthening
土工织物geotextile
挡土墙；挡墙retaining walls
锚定板anchor plate
锚杆anchor bolt
抗滑桩antiskid pile；anti-slide pile；counter-sliding pile 加筋土reinforced earth
植被vegetation
路基防护subgrade protection
防护工程protective engineering
防护林protection forest
防沙sand proof
固沙stabilization of sand
输导砂sediment transport
路侧建筑物roadside structure
排水沟weeper drain；weep drain；drainage ditch；drain ditch
挡风墙wind-shield wall；wind-break wall
隔声墙sound-proof wall
防雪栅snow fence；snow guard 轨道理论track theory
轨道设计track design
轨道参数track parameter
轨距track gauge；rail gage；rail gauge
轨距加宽track gauge widening
轨底坡cant of rail；rail cant
轨道力学track dynamics；track mechanics
轨道强度track strength
轨道阻力track resistance
道床阻力trackbed resistance；ballast resistance
扣固力fastening force
钢轨应力rail stress
轨道承载力track bearing capacity
轨道稳定性track stability；stability of track
轨道试验；轨道实验track test
轮轨关系wheel-rail interaction；wheel-rail relation
轮轨动力学wheel-rail dynamics
轮轨作用力wheel-rail force
轮轨接触wheel-rail contact
接触应力contact stress
轨道结构track structure
轨道track
铁路轨道；轨道；铁道轨道railway track；track
线路上部建筑；轨道track superstructure；track
重型轨道heavy track
宽轨枕轨道broad sleeper track
板式轨道slab track；slab-track
整体道床轨道monolithic roadbed track
防振轨道anti-vibration track
高架轨道elevated track
无缝线路jointless line；continuously welded rail track；jointless track
桥上轨道结构bridge deck track structure
隧道内轨道结构track structure in tunnel
钢轨steel rail
重型钢轨heavy rail
长钢轨long rail
焊接长钢轨long welded rail
缩短轨shortened rail；standard shortened rail；fabricated short rail used on curves；standard curtailed rail
热处理钢轨heat-treated rail
合金钢轨alloy steels rail
旧钢轨used rail
钢轨钢rail steel
钢轨螺栓孔rail bolt hole
轨缝rail gap；joint gap
钢轨焊缝rail welding seam
钢轨接头rail joint
异型接头compromise joint
伸缩接头expansion joint
焊接接头welding joint；welded joint
绝缘接头track section insulator；insulated joint
胶接接头adhesive joint
鱼尾板fish plate
鱼尾螺栓fish bolt
扣件fastening；rail fastening
弹性扣件elastic fastening；elastic rail fastening
弹条式扣件elastic rod type fastening
分开式扣件separated fastening；separated rail fastening；indirect holding fastening
扣板式扣件clip fastening
刚性扣件rigid fastening
垫圈ring
道钉spike；track spike；rail spike；dog spike
螺纹道钉threading spike；screw spike
垫板tie-plate；tie plate 橡胶垫板rubber tie-plate；rubber tie plate
防爬器anticreeper；anti-creeper；rail anchor
轨距拉杆gauge tie rod
轨下基础underrail foundation；sub-rail foundation；sub-rail track bed
轨枕sleeper；tie；cross tie
木枕wooden sleeper；wooden tie
混凝土枕；砼枕concrete sleeper；concrete tie
轨枕板；宽轨枕sleeper slab；broad sleeper
钢枕steel sleeper；steel tie
合成轨枕composite sleeper
纵向轨枕longitudinal tie
岔枕points sleeper；switch tie；turnout tie
桥枕bridge tie；bridge sleeper
轨排track panel；track skeleton
枕下胶垫rubber pad under sleeper
道床track bed；ballast bed
碎石道床ballast bed
整体道床monolithic track bed；solid bed；integrated ballast bed；monolithic concrete bed
沥青道床bituminous raodbed；asphalt roadbed；asphalt cemented ballast bed
石棉道床asbestos ballast
道碴ballast
道床覆盖ballast cover
轨道附属设备track auxiliary equipment
钢轨涂油器rail lubricator
融雪器snow melter
复轨器replacer；re-railer；rerailing device
脱轨器derailer
车挡bumper；bumper post
道岔switch；point；turnout；switches and crossings
单开道岔single point；simple turnout；lateral turnout
双开道岔double turnout
三开道岔three-throw turnout；symmetrical three throw turnout；three-way turnout
交分道岔slip switch
高速道岔high-speed switch
切线型道岔tangent turnout
道岔设计turnout design
过岔速度switch crossing speed
辙叉frog；crossing
整铸辙叉integrated cast frog
锰钢辙叉manganese steel frog crossing
焊接辙叉welding frog crossing
组合辙叉combined frog；assembled frog
可动心轨辙叉movable point frog；movable-point frog 可动翼轨辙叉movable wing rails；movable-wing frog 核子密度湿度测定determination of nuclear density-moisture
路基承载板测定determination of bearing slab of subgrade
预留沉落量reserve settlement；settlement allowance
反压护道berm with superloading；berm for back pressure；counter swelling berm
石灰砂桩lime sand pile
换土change soil；soil replacement
爆破排淤blasting discharging sedimentation；silt arresting by explosion；discharge of sedimentation by blasting
抛石挤淤throwing stones to packing sedimentation；packing sedimentation by throwing stones；packing up sedimentation by dumping stones
路堑石方爆破rock cutting blasting；rock blasting in cut
定向爆破directional blasting 浅孔爆破shallow hole blasting
深孔爆破deep hole blasting
洞室药包爆破chamber explosive package blasting；chamber blasting
扬弃爆破abandoned blasting；abandonment blasting
抛掷爆破pin-point blasting
松动爆破blasting for loosening rock
药壶爆破pot hole blasting
裸露腰包爆破adobe blasting；contact blasting
路堑边坡cutting slope；side slope of cut
堑顶top of cutting slope；top of cutting
路堑平台platform of cutting；berm in cutting
弃土堆waste bank；bankette；spoil bank
挡土墙retaining wall
重力式挡土墙gravity retaining wall
衡重式挡土墙balance weight retaining wall；gravity retaining wall with relieving platform；balanced type retaining wall
锚定板挡土墙anchored retaining wall by tie rods；anchored bulkhead retaining wall；anchored plate retaining wall
加筋土挡土墙reinforced earth retaining wall；reinforced soil retaining wall
锚杆挡墙anchored bolt retaining wall；anchoraged retaining wall by tie rods
管柱挡墙cylindrical shaft retaining wall
沉井挡墙caisson retaining wall
抗滑桩anti-slide pile；counter-sliding pile
护墙guard wall tielu 铁路施工
护坡slope protection；revertment；pitching
排水沟weep drain；drainage ditch；drain ditch
边沟；侧沟side ditch
天沟gutter；overhead ditch；intercepting ditch
吊沟suspended ditch
跌水hydraulic drop
截水沟intercepting ditch；catch-drain
急流槽chute
排水槽drainage channel
渗水暗沟blind drain
渗水隧洞leak tunnel；permeable tunnel；drainage tunnel
渗井leaching well；seepage well
渗管leaky pipe
平孔排水horizontal hole drainage
反滤层reverse filtration layer；inverted filter；protective filter
检查井inspection well；manhole
砂井；排水砂井sand drain
隔断层insulating course；insulating layer
透水路堤pervious embankment；permeable embankment
渗水路堤immerseable embankment
排水砂垫层sand filled drainage layer；drainage sand blanker
坡面防护slope protection
护岸revetment；shore protection
导流堤diversion dike
拦石墙stone cut off wall；stone falling wall；buttree 落石槽stone falling channel；trough for catching falling rocks
柴排firewood raft；mattress；willow fascine
固沙造林stabilization for sands by afforestation
挡风墙wind-break wall
防风栅栏wind break fence
砂土液化sand liquefaction
中-活载CR-live loading；China railway standard loading
桥梁标准活载standard live load for bridge
桥梁荷载谱bridge load spectrum
换算均布活载equivalent uniform live load
设计荷载design load
主力principal load
恒载dead load
土压力earth load
静水压力hydrostatic pressure
浮力buoyancy
列车活载live load of train
列车离心力centrifugal force of train
列车冲击力；冲击荷载impact force of train
冲击系数coefficient of impact
人行道荷载sidewalk loading
附加力subsidiary load；secondary load
列车制动力braking force of train
列车牵引力tractive force of train
风荷载wind load
列车横向摇摆力lateral swaying force of train
流水压力pressure of water flow
冰压力ice pressure
冻胀力frost heaving force
特殊荷载particular load
船只或排筏的撞击力collision force of ship or raft
地震力seismic force
地震烈度earthquake intensity
地震震级earthquake magnitude
施工荷载constructional loading
荷载组合loading combination
铁路桥railway bridge
公铁两用桥combined bridge；combined highway and railway bridge；combined rail-cum-road bridge
跨线桥；立交桥overpass bridge；grade separation bridge；flyover
高架桥viaduct
旱桥dry bridge
人行桥foot bridge；pedestrian bridge
圬工桥masonry bridge
钢桥steel bridge
铆接钢桥riveted steel bridge
栓焊钢桥bolted and welded steel bridge
全焊钢桥all welded steel bridge
摩擦结合式高强度螺栓high strength friction grip bolt
扭剪式高强度螺栓torshear type high strength blot
螺栓示功扳手bolt wrench with indicator
混凝土桥concrete bridge
钢筋混凝土桥reinforced concrete bridge
预应力混凝土桥prestressed concrete bridge
先张法预应力梁pretensioned prestressed concrete girder 后张法预应力梁post-tensioned prestressed concrete girder
部分预应力混凝土桥partially prestressed concrete bridge
结合梁桥composite beam bridge
低高度梁shallow girder
无碴无枕梁girder without ballast and sleeper
型钢混凝土梁；劲性骨架混凝土梁girder with rolled steel section encased in concrete；skeleton reinforced concrete girder
简支梁桥simply supported beam bridge
连续梁桥continuous beam bridge
悬臂梁桥cantilever beam bridge
板桥slab bridge
空心板桥hollow slab bridge
板梁plate girder 工形梁I-beam
箱形梁box girder
槽形梁trough girder
桁架truss
拆装式桁架demountable truss
刚架桥；刚构桥rigid frame bridge
斜腿刚架桥；斜腿刚构桥strutted beam bridge；slant-legged rigid frame bridge
悬板桥；悬带桥stressed ribbon bridge
悬索桥；吊桥suspension bridge
斜拉桥cable-stayed bridge
浮桥pontoon bridge；floating bridge；bateau bridge 拱桥arch bridge
固端拱；无铰拱fixed-end arch
双铰拱two-hinged arch
三铰拱three-hinged arch
实腹拱spandrel-filled arch；solid-spandrel arch
空腹拱open-spandrel arch
双曲拱two-way curved arch；cross-curved arch
系杆拱；柔性系杆刚性拱tied arch
榔格尔式桥；刚性系杆柔性拱桥Langer bridge；flexible arch bridge with rigid tie
洛泽式桥；直悬杆式刚性拱刚性梁桥Lohse bridge；rigid arch bridge with rigid tie and vertical sespenders
尼尔森桥Nielsen systen bridge
尼尔森式骆泽梁桥；斜悬杆式刚性拱梁桥Nielsen type Lhse bridge；rigid arch bridge with fighd tie and inclined suspenders
活动桥movable bridge
竖旋桥bascule bridge
平旋桥swing bridge
升降桥lift bridge
正交桥right bridge
斜交桥skew bridge
曲线桥curved bridge
曲梁curved beam
特大桥super maior bridge
大桥major bridge
中桥medium bridge
小桥minor bridge
单线桥single track bridge
双线桥double track bridge
多线桥multi-track bridge
正桥；主桥main bridge
引桥approach spans
上承式桥deck bridge
半穿式桥；中承式half through bridge；midheight deck bridge
下承式桥through bridge
双层桥double-deck bridge
永久性桥permanent bridge
临时性桥；便桥temporary bridge
跨径；跨度span
净跨clear spam
桥梁全长overall length of bridge
桥下净空underneath clearance
主梁中心距center to center distance between main girder 节间长度panel length
梁高depth of girder
拱度camber
挠度deflection
节间panel
锚跨；锚孔anchor span
悬跨；吊孔suspended span
桥梁上部结构superstructure
腹板web plate 翼缘flange
翼缘板flange plate
弦杆chord member
腹杆web member
斜杆diagonal member
竖杆vertical member
吊杆suspender hanger
加劲杆stiffener
节点panel point
节点板gusset plate
拼接板splice plate
缀条lacing bar
缀板stay plate；tie plate
侧向水平联结系lateral bracing
横联sway bracing
制动撑架braking bracing
桥门架portal frame
纵梁stringer
横梁floor beam；transverse beam
桥面系floor system
端横梁end floor beam
起重横梁jacking floor beam
梁端缓冲梁auxiliary girder for controlling angle change 应变时效strain ageing
碳当量carbon equivalent
钢丝steel wire
钢丝束bundled steel wires
钢绞线steel strand
钢筋reinforcement；steel bar
箍筋stirrup
纵向钢筋longitudinal reinforcement
弯起钢筋bent-up bar
架立钢筋erection bar
构造钢筋constructional reinforcement
预应力筋tendon
套管sheath
梁腋haunch
拱圈arch ring
拱肋arch rib
拱顶rach crown
拱矢rise of arch
起拱点springing
拱腹soffit
拱腹线intrados
拱背钱extrados
桥塔bridge tower；pylon
索平面cable plane
缆索cable
斜缆stay cable；inclined cable
吊缆suspension cable
索鞍cable saddle
索夹cable band；cable clamp
锚座socket
锚碇anchorage
明桥面open deck；ballastless deck；open floor 桥梁道碴槽ballast trough
道碴桥面ballasted deck；ballasted floor
桥梁护轨guard rall of bridge
桥梁护木guard timber of bridge
桥枕bridge tie；bridge sleeper
桥上人行道sidewalk on bridge
步行板foot plank
避车台refuge platform
伸缩缝expansion joint
正交异性板orthotropic plate
栏杆railing；handrail；handrailing 泻水孔drainage opening
直结轨道track fastened directly to steel girders
抗剪连接件；抗剪结合件shear connector
支座bearing
固定支座fixed bearing
活动支座expension bearing；movable bearing
平板支座plate bearing
摇轴芝座rocker bearing
滚轴支座roller bearing
球面支座spherical bearing
板式橡胶支座laminated rubber bearing
盆式橡胶支座pot rubber bearing
聚四氯乙烯支座poly-tetrafluoroedthylene bearing；PTFE bearing
涡流激振wortex-excited oscillation
弛振galloping
颤振flutter
扰流板spoiler
风嘴wind fairing
桥梁自振周期natural vibration period of bridge
浮运架桥法bridge erection by floating
架桥机架设法erection by bridge girder erecting equipment
顶推式架设法erection by incremental launching
拖拉架设法launching method
赝架式架设法erection with scaffolding
悬臂架设法catilever erection；erection by protrusion
悬臂灌注法cast-in-place cantilever construction；free cantilever segmental concreting with suspended formwork 悬臂拼装法cantilevered assembling constrution；free cantilever erection with segments of precast concrete
预制混凝土构件precast concrete units；precast concrete members
活动模架逐跨施工法segmental span-by-span construction using form traveller
桥梁合龙closure
就地贯注法cast-in-place method；cast-in-situ method 活动吊篮travelling cradle
顶进法jack-in method
旋转法施工；转体施工erection by swing method
液压式张拉千斤顶hydraulic tensioning jack
桥梁下部结构substructure
桥台abutment
重力式桥台gravity abutment
埋置式桥台buried abutment
锚定板式桥台anchor slab abutment
U形桥台U-shaped abutment
耳墙式桥台abutment with cantilevered retaining wall
台身abutment body
前墙front wall
台帽abutment coping
翼墙wing wall
锥体护坡quadrant revetment；truncated cone banking 台后填方filling behind abutment
桥墩pier
空心桥墩hollow pier
实体桥墩solid pier
重力式桥墩gravity pier
柔性桥墩flexible pier
拼装式桥墩assembly pier；pier constructed with precast units
制动墩braking pier
柱式桥墩column pier
V形桥墩V-shaped pier
圆端形桥墩round-ended pier
圆形桥墩circular pier 矩形桥墩rectangular pier
排架式桥墩pile bent pier
墩身pier body；pier shaft
墩帽pier coping
围栏railing around coping of pier or abutment
承台bearing platform
破冰体ice apron；ice-breaking cutwater；ice guard
地基foundation；foundation soil；subgrade
加固地基improved foundation；improved ground
天然地基natural foundation；natural ground
桥梁基础bridge foundation
扩大基础spread foundation
明挖基础open-cut foundation；open excavation foundation
沉井基础open caisson foundation
浮式沉井基础floating caisson foundation
沉井刃脚cutting edge of open caisson
围堰cofferdam
双壁钢围堰钻孔基础double wall steel cofferdam bored foundation
预制钢壳钻孔基础prefabricated steel shell bored foundation
泥浆套沉井法slurry jacket method for sinking caisson
空气幕沉井法air curtain method for sinking caisson
沉箱基础pneumatic caisson foundation
管柱基础tubular column foundation
桩基础pile foundation
预制桩precast pile
就地灌注桩cast-in-place concrete pile；cast-in-situ concrete pile
螺旋喷射桩auger injected pile
摩擦桩friction pile
支承桩bearing pile
钻孔桩bored pile
挖孔桩dug pile
钢桩steel pile
钢管桩steel pipe pile
钢板桩steel sheet pile
板桩sheet pile
木桩timber pile
钢筋混凝土桩reinforced concrete pile
砂桩sand pile
挤密砂桩sand conpaction pile
流砂quick sand；drift sand
送桩pile follower
试桩test pile
斜桩batter pile；raking pile；spur pile
护筒pile casting
重锤夯实法heavy tamping method
灰土换填夯实法mothod of lime-soil replacement and tamping
灌注水下混凝土underwater concreting；concreting with tremie method
导流建筑物regulating structure
丁坝；挑水坝spur dike
顺坝longitudinal dam
河床铺砌river bed paving
码头wharf
排架bent
脚手架scaffold
悬空脚手架hanging stage；hanging scaffold
铁路涵洞railway culvert
涵洞孔径aperture of culvert
管涵pipe culvert
箱涵box culvert
拱涵arch culvert 盖板涵slab culvert
无压力涵洞inlet unsubmerged culvert
压力式涵洞outlet submerged culvert
半压力式涵洞inlet submerged culvert
明渠open channel；open ditch；open drain
倒虹吸管inverted siphon
潮汐河流tidal river
淤积silting；siltation
流冰ice drift
铁路轮渡railway car ferries
轮渡站ferry station
轮渡栈桥ferry trestle bridge
渡轮ferry boat
轮渡引线；轮渡斜引道ferry slip
铁路隧道railway tunnel
山岭隧道mountain tunnel
越岭隧道over mountain line tunnel
水下隧道；水地隧道subaqueous tunnel；underwater tunnel
地铁隧道subway tunne；underground railway tunnel
浅埋隧道shallow tunnel；shallow-depth tunnel；shallow burying tunnel
深埋隧道deep tunnel；deep-depth tunnel；deep burying tunnel
单线隧道single track tunnel
双线隧道double track tunnel
多线隧道multiple track tunnel
车站隧道station tunnel
地铁车站subway station；metro station
特长隧道super long tunnel
长隧道long tunnel
中长隧道medium tunnel
短隧道short tunnel
隧道群tunnel group
地铁工程subway engineering；metro engineering
洞口tunne ladit；tunnel opening
隧道进口tunnel entrance
隧道出口tunnel exit
迎坡；正面坡front slope
洞门tunnel portal
洞门框tunnel portal frame
端墙式洞门end wall tunnel portal
柱式洞门post tunnel portal
翼墙式洞门wing wall tunnel portal
耳墙式洞门ear wall tunnel portal
台阶式洞门bench tunnel portal
正洞门orthonormal tunnel portal；straight tunnel portal 斜洞门skew tunnel portal
明洞门open-cut-tunnel portal；gallery portal
衬砌lining
拱圈arch
边墙side wall
仰拱invert；inverted arch
底板floor
整体式衬砌integral lining
装配式衬砌precast lining；prefabricated lining
模筑衬砌moulded lining
洞口段衬砌lining of tunnel portal section
偏压衬砌unsymmetrically loading lining；eccentrically compressed lining
组合衬砌；复合衬砌composite lining
初期支护primary support
二次衬砌secondary lining
隔离层isolation layer
喷锚衬砌shorcrete bolt lining
下锚段衬砌；接触网锚段衬砌anchor-section lining 挤压混凝土衬砌extruding concrete tunnel lining
隔热层thermal insulation layer
明洞open-cut tunnel；tunnel without cover；gallery
拱形明洞arch open cut tunnel；arch tunnel without cover；arch gallery
棚洞shed tunnel；shed gallery
路堑式明洞cut-type open cut tunnel；cut-type tunnel without cover；cut-type gallery
半路堑式明洞part cut-type open cut tunnel；part cut-type tunnel without cover；part cut-type gallery
抗滑明洞anti-skid-type open cut tunnel；anti-skid-type tunnel without cover；anti-skid-type gallery
盖板式棚洞slab shed tunnel；slab shed gallery
刚架式棚洞framed shed tunnel；framed shed gallery
悬臂式棚洞cantilever shed tunnel；cantilever shed gallery
隧道专家系统expert system of tunnel
围岩surrounding rock
围岩压力pressure of surrounding rock
地层压力ground pressure；stratum pressure
松弛压力relaxation pressure
形变压力deformation pressure
围岩自承能力self-supporting capacity of surrounding rock
坑道自稳时间self-stabilization time of tunnel
弹性抗力elastic resistance
灌浆压力grouting pressure
落石冲击力impact force of falling stone
隧道埋置深度；埋深buried depth of tunnel
地温梯度geothermal dradient
地应力crustal stress
预留变形量deformation allowance
暗挖法subsurface excavation method
明挖法open-cut method
矿山法mining method；mine tunneling method
钻眼爆破法drilling and blasting method
新奥法New Austrian Tunnelling Method；NA TM
喷锚构筑法shotcrete-bolt construction method
掘进机法tunnel boring machine method
盾构法shield method
沉管法immersed tunnelling method
地下连续墙法underground diaphragm wall method；underground wall method；diaphragm wall method
全断面开挖法full-face tunnelling method
分部开挖法partial excavation method
台阶法benching tunnelling method
正台阶法positive benching tunnelling method
反台阶法negative benching tunnelling method
导坑heading
上下导坑法top and bottom heading method
上导坑法top-heading method
漏斗棚架法hopper-shed support tunnelling method
蘑菇形开挖法mushroom-type tunnelling method
侧壁导坑法side heading method
单侧导坑法single side heading method
双侧导坑法twin-side heading method
品字形导坑法top and twin-side bottom heading method 眼睛式开挖法spectacles type tunnelling method
超前导坑advance heading
扩大enlargement
拉槽pull trough；trench excavated
马口excavation of side wall at intervals
控制爆破controlled blasting
光面爆破smooth blasting
预裂爆破presplit blasting
先墙后拱法side wall first lining method 先拱后墙法arch first lining method；flying arch method 开挖工作面excavated surface；excavated work face
超挖overbreak
欠挖underbreak
找顶top cleaning
出碴mucking and removing
有轨运输track transportation
无规运输trackless transportation
拱圈封顶closing the toop of lining
墙顶封口seal；seal at the top of wall
喷射混凝土回弹rebound of shotcrete
隧道贯通tunnel holing-through
隧道贯通误差tunnel through error
隧道贯通面tunnel through plane
临时支护temporary support
构件支撑member support
钢拱支撑steel arch support
喷射混凝土支护shotcrete support
锚杆支护anchor bolt support
喷锚支护shotcrete and rock bolt support
系统锚杆system anchor bolt
超前支护advance support
超前锚杆advance anchor bolt
插板支护inserting plate support；forepoling
小导管预注浆pre-grouting with small duct
管棚支护pipe-shed support；pipe roofing support
格构拱；钢花拱；格棚拱trellis arch；lattice arch
喷射混凝土shotcrete；spray concrete
干喷混凝土dry shotcreting
湿喷混凝土wet shotcreting
潮喷混凝土；半湿喷混凝土half set shotcreting
喷射钢纤维混凝土steel fiber shotcrete；steel fiber reinforced shotcrete
防水混凝土waterproof concrete
预切槽precutting trough
辅助坑道service gallery
竖井shaft
斜井inlined shaft
横洞transverse gallery
平行导坑parallel heading
横通道transverse passage-way
调查坑道investigation gallery；survey tunnel
竖井联系测量shaft connection survey
隧道防水waterproofing of tunnel
防水等级classification of waterproof
防水层waterproof layer
防水板waterproof board；waterproof sheet
防水涂层waterproofing coating
隧道压浆pressure grouting of tunnel
止水带water stop tie
盲沟blind ditch
泻水洞drain cavern；drain tunnel
隧道运营通风permanent ventilation of tunnel
自然通风natural ventilation
机械通风mechanical ventilation
风道式通风ventilation by air passage
隧道通风帘幕ventilation curtain
列车活塞作用piston action of train
隧道射流式通风tunnel efflux ventilation；tunnel injector type ventilation
隧道通风试验tunnel ventilation test
隧道施工通风construction ventilation of tunnel
风管式通风ventilation by pipes
巷道式通风ventilation by ducts
隧道照明tunnel illumination；tunnel lighting
隧道防灾设施tunnel anti-disaster equipment 避车洞refuge hole；refuge recess；refuge niche
隧道火灾tunnel fire hazard
隧道报警装置tunnel warning equipment
隧道消防系统tunnel fire-fighting system
隧道瓦斯爆炸tunnel gas explosion
隧道监控量测tunnel monitoring measurement
隧道地表沉降tunnel ground subsidence
隧道拱顶下沉tunnel arch top settlement
隧道底鼓tunnel floor heave
隧道周边位移tunnel perimeter deflection
隧道地中位移tunnel surrounding mass deflection
隧道改建tunnel reconstruction
隧道落底under cut of tunnel
隧道挑顶top picking of tunnel
隧道套拱cover arch of tunnel
施工调查construction investigation
施工准备construction preparation
征地expropriation
拆迁removing
租地rented land
交接桩delivery-receiving stake
施工复测construction repetition；repetive survey；construction repetition survey
测量放样staking out in survey
土石方调配cut-fill transition
土石方体积图；土积图volume diagram of earth-rock work
隐蔽工程hidden project；hidden construction work
废弃工程abandoned project；abandoned construction work
工程运输engineering transportation
冬季施工cold weather construction；winter season construction
机械类常用英语词汇大全
机械类常用英语词汇大全 一字螺丝批 slot type screwdriver 一点透视 one-point perspective 二画 二合一黏合剂 epoxy resin adhesive 二合胶；混合胶 epoxy glue 二维的；平面的 two-dimensional 二进制 binary 二极管；整流子 diode 二号螺丝攻 second tap 二路开关 two-way switch 十进制的；公制的 metric 人工制品 artefact 人造板 man-made board 人体工程学 ergonomics; human engineering 人体尺寸 human dimension 人体测量学 anthropometry; anthropometrics 刀片 blade 刀身 blade 刀具 tool 刀具溜座 carriage 刀柱 tool post 刀架 tool rest 刀架底座 tool rest bracket 刀座帷；床鞍 apron 刀座鞍；溜板座 saddle 力 force 力三角形 triangle of force 力平行四边形 parallelogram of force 力多边形；多边形力学 polygon of force 力的分解 force resolution 力架；亮漆 lacquer 力矩 moment 力偶 couple 力矩定律 law of moment 力-距离图表 force-distance graph 力图 force diagram 力线 line of force 力点 effort 十字榫 cross halving joint 十字螺丝 Philip s head screw 十字螺丝批 Philip s type screwdriver 丁字尺；T 尺 tee square 三画 三爪夹头 three-jaw chuck 三角尺 set square 三角形结构系杆 triangulation tie 三角锉 triangular file 三维的；立体的 three-dimensional 三氯甲烷；哥罗芳 chloroform 三聚氰胺；蜜胺 melamine 三点透视 three-point perspective 上油漆 painting 上釉 enamelling 凡立水 varnish 叉形顶尖 fork centre 口罩 mask 士力；虫漆 shellac 士巴拿；扳手 spanner 大芯夹板；宽条芯夹板 blockboard; solid corestock-laminated board 大量制造 mass production
法律英语高频词汇
法律英语高频词汇 发回重审 remand a lawsuit for a new trial 发货人 consignor， shipper 发生法律效力 be legally effective 发现 discovery 发行审核委员会 the Issuance Examination Commission 发展规划 development plan 罚款 Fin 法案 bill 法定部门 statutory machinery 法定代表律师 Official Solicitor 法定代表人 legal representative 法定代理人 legal agent 法定继承 legal inheritance 法定继承人 legal heir 法定监护人 legal guardian 法定期限 time limit provided by law 法定义务 legal duty 法定语言 legal language 法定主管当局 statuory authority
法官法 judges law 法官考评委员会 committee for the examination and appraisal of judges 法规 laws and regulations 法纪 Law and Discipline 法纪监督 supervision over legal discipline 法理背景 jurisprudential background 法理背景 jurisprudential base 法理学 jurisprudence 法令 decree 法律程序文件 written process 法律冲突 conflict of laws 法律服务所 Legal Service Office 法律概念 legal concept 法律顾问处 Legal Consultant Office 法律后果 legal effect 法律解释权 power of law interpretation 法律面前人人平等 equality before the law 合法的 legitimate 法律上的财产处分 legal disposition of property
英语新闻词汇大全(附新闻词汇精选)
英语新闻词汇大全 accredited journalist n. 特派记者advertisement n．广告． advance n．预发消息；预写消息 affair n．桃色新闻；绯闻 anecdote n．趣闻轶事 assignment n．采写任务 attribution n. 消息出处，消息来源 back alley news n. 小道消息backgrounding n．新闻背景 Bad news travels quickly. 坏事传千里。banner n．通栏标题 beat n．采写范围 blank vt. "开天窗" body n. 新闻正文 boil vt．压缩(篇幅) box n. 花边新闻 brief n. 简讯 bulletin n．新闻简报 byline n. 署名文章 caption n．图片说明 caricature n．漫画 carry vt．刊登 cartoon n．漫画 censor vt. 审查(新闻稿件)，新闻审查chart n．每周流行音乐排行版 clipping n．剪报 column n．专栏；栏目 columnist n．专栏作家
continued story 连载故事;连载小说contributing editor 特约编辑 contribution n．(投给报刊的)稿件;投稿contributor n．投稿人 copy desk n．新闻编辑部 copy editor n．文字编辑 correction n．更正(启事) correspondence column读者来信专栏correspondent n.驻外记者；常驻外埠记者cover vt．采访;采写 cover girl n. 封面女郎 covert coverage 隐性采访;秘密采访 crop vt．剪辑(图片) crusade n．宣传攻势 cut n．插图vt．删减(字数) cut line n．插图说明 daily n．日报 dateline n．新闻电头 deadline n．截稿时间 dig vt．深入采访；追踪(新闻线索)；“挖”(新闻) digest n．文摘 editorial n．社论 editorial office 编辑部 daily 日报 morning edition 晨报 evening edition 晚报 quality paper 高级报纸 popular paper 大众报纸 evening paper 晚报
机械专业英语词汇汇总
机械专业英语词汇（大全） 金属切削metal cutting 机床machine tool 金属工艺学technology of metals 刀具cutter 摩擦friction 联结link 传动drive/transmission 轴shaft 弹性elasticity 频率特性frequency characteristic 误差error 响应response 定位allocation 机床夹具jig 动力学dynamic 运动学kinematic 静力学static 分析力学analyse mechanics 拉伸pulling 压缩hitting 剪切shear 扭转twist 弯曲应力bending stress 强度intensity 三相交流电three-phase AC 磁路magnetic circles 变压器transformer 异步电动机asynchronous motor 几何形状geometrical 精度precision 正弦形的sinusoid 交流电路AC circuit 机械加工余量machining allowance 变形力deforming force 变形deformation 应力stress 硬度rigidity 热处理heat treatment 退火anneal 正火normalizing 脱碳decarburization 渗碳carburization 电路circuit 半导体元件semiconductor element 反馈feedback 发生器generator 直流电源DC electrical source 门电路gate circuit 逻辑代数logic algebra 外圆磨削external grinding 内圆磨削internal grinding 平面磨削plane grinding 变速箱gearbox 离合器clutch 绞孔fraising 绞刀reamer 螺纹加工thread processing 螺钉screw 铣削mill 铣刀milling cutter 功率power 工件workpiece 齿轮加工gear mechining 齿轮gear 主运动main movement 主运动方向direction of main movement 进给方向direction of feed 进给运动feed movement 合成进给运动resultant movement of feed 合成切削运动resultant movement of cutting 合成切削运动方向direction of resultant movement of cutting 切削深度cutting depth 前刀面rake face 刀尖nose of tool 前角rake angle 后角clearance angle 龙门刨削planing 主轴spindle 主轴箱headstock 卡盘chuck 加工中心machining center
法律翻译常用词汇注释(D).doc
法律翻译常用词汇注释（D）D Damages damages在法律英语中表示损害赔偿金，要注意用的是复数形式，如果用单数，则表示损害。如incidental damages 附带损害consequential damages 间接损害claim damages for the breach of contract．因违约要损害赔偿金等。 Debenture debenture的意思是债券，通常指的是无担保债券。如bank debenture 金融债券bearer debenture 不记名债券coupon bank debenture 附息票金融债券customs debenture 海关退税凭单等。 Declaration declaration在法律英语中常用作申报，如customs declaration 报关，export declaration出口申报，income tax declaration个税申报等。 Decree 法庭判令。法庭聆讯后所作出的判令，可以分成暂时性判令“decree nisi”和永久性判令“decree absolute”，常见于离婚呈请的程序。一般而言，法庭颁出decree nisi后，在指定的期限过后，除非收到反对，否则都会颁出永久判令。 Deed
契约。是一种特别的合约，须要经过当事人签署、盖章并送交对方才算有效，契约上的盖章在法律上被视为一种有效的约因。 Defamation 诽谤。非法破坏他人名誉的行为，口头的毁谤和以书面的永久形式诽谤都可以构成民事索偿的理据或者刑事罪行。 Defence 抗辩。刑事或民事案件中的被告，否认有关的指控或申索，同时提出反对的支持事实。 Delegate delegate在法律英语中的意思是转让，通常指义务的转让，如：In accordance with the Law of the People’s Republic of China (hereinafter “China”), the consent of the creditors shall be obtained for the delegation of obligations to become effective.根据中华人民共和国（以下称“中国”）法律，义务的转让须取得债权人的同意方可生效。 Dependant 受养人。是指某人的某些家庭成员，需要依靠这个人提供的经济来支持生活，如果这个人因意外死亡，他的受养人因而遭受损失，是有权追究责任，要求赔偿有关的损失。 Discharge
新闻中常见英语词汇
一．国际事务： negotiations，delegate，delegation，summit 峰会 charter n. 特许状，执照，宪章 pledge n. 诺言，保证，誓言，抵押，信物，保人，祝愿vt. 许诺，保证，使发誓，抵押，典当，举杯祝……健康 vt. 特许，发给特许执照 promote peace 促进和平 boost economic co-op 加强经济合作 make concession/compromise 作出妥协 pass a resolution 通过决议 sanction n. 核准，制裁，处罚，约束力 vt. 制定制裁规则，认可，核准，同意 default n. 违约，不履行责任，缺席，默认值 vt. 疏怠职责，缺席，拖欠，默认 vi. 疏怠职责，缺席，拖欠，默认 veto a bill 否决议案 break the deadlock 打破僵局 a scientific breakthrough 科学突破 an unexpected outcome 出乎意料的结果 sign/ratify an accord/deal/treaty/pact/agreement 签署协议diplomatically isolated country 在外交上被孤立的国家diplomatic solutions 外交解决方案 hot spot 热点 take hostilities toward..... 对……采取敌对态度 ethnic cleansing 种族排斥 refugee，illegal aliens 非法移民 mediator 调解员 national convention 国民大会 fight corruption 反腐败 corrupted election 腐败的选举 peace process 和平进程 give a boost to... 促进 booming economy 促进经济发展 mutual benefits/interests 双赢 Defense Minister，evacuate，flee from Pentagon 五角大楼impose/break a deadline 规定/打破最后期限 retaliate 报复 banking reform 金融改革 commissioner 代表 go bankrupt 破产 file for bankruptcy 提出破产 deputy 代表
机械专业英语高频词汇讲解
机械专业英语高频词汇 metal cutting 金属切削 machine tool 机床 technology of metals金属工艺学 cutter 刀具 friction 摩擦 link 联结 drive/transmission 传动 shaft 轴 elasticity 弹性 frequency characteristic 频率特性 error 误差 response响应 allocation 定位 jig 机床夹具 term 语术 d ynamic 动力学 k inematic运动学 s tatic 静力学 a nalyse mechanics 分析力学 p ulling 拉伸 s hear 剪切 t wist 扭转 b ending stress 弯曲应力 i ntensity 强度 t hree-phase AC 三相交流电 m agnetic circles 磁路 t ransformer变压器 a synchronous motor 异步电动机 g eometrical 几何形状 p recision 精度 s inusoid 正弦形的 h itting压缩 A C circuit 交流电路 m achining allowance 机械加工余量 d eforming forc e 变形力 d eformation 变形 s tress 应力 r igidity 硬度 r igidity 刚度 h eat treatment 热处理 d ecarburization 脱碳 c ircuit 电路
f raising铰孔 semiconductor element 半导体元件 f eedback 反馈 g enerator 发生器 D C electrical source直流电源 g ate circuit 门电路 l ogic algebra//////algorithm逻辑代数 e xternal grinding 外圆磨削 internal grinding内圆磨削 p lane grinding 平面磨削 c arburization 渗碳 gearbox 变速箱 c lutch 离合器 r eamer铰刀 t hread processing 螺纹加工 s crew 螺钉 m ill 铣削 m illing cutter 铣刀 p ower 功率 w orkpiece 工件 g ear machining 齿轮加工 g ear 齿轮 m ain movement 主运动 d irection of main movem 主运动方向ent d irection of feed进给方向 f eed movement 进给运动 r esultant movement of fe 合成进给运动ed r esultant movement of cut 合成切削运动ting d irection of resultant cutting 合成切削运动方向motion c utting depth 切削深度 r ake face 前刀面 n ose of tool刀尖 r ake angle 前角 c learance angle 后角 p laning 龙门刨削 s pindle 主轴 h eadstock主轴箱 c huck 卡盘 m achining center 加工中心 l athe tool 车刀 l athe 车床 b ore 钻削镗削 t urning车削 g rinder 磨床
法律英语-法理常用词汇
按照法律规定according to law 按照确定的份额分享权力：be entitled to rights in proportion to his proper share of the credit 按照确定的份额分担义务：assume obligations in proportion to his proper share of the debt 案例教学法case system 案例汇编case book; case report; law report 柏拉图Plato 被视为be deemed as 被宣布为非法be outlawed; be declared illegal 比较法comparative law 比较法学comparative jurisprudence 比较法学派school of comparative jurisprudence 比较法制史comparative legal history 比较分析法method of comparative analysis 比较刑法comparative penal law 比较刑法学comparative penal jurisprudence 必然因果关系positive causal relationship 边缘法学borderline jurisprudence 变通办法adaptation; accommodation 补充规定supplementary provision 补救办法remedial measures 不成文法unwritten law 不成文宪法unwritten constitution
英语新闻常用词分类词汇表
政治 常见政治问题新闻词汇 ●Sanction制裁 ●Anarchy无政府状态 ●Ballot选票 ●Boycott联合抵制 ●Truce休战 ●Activist激进分子 ●Asylum政治庇护 ●Bill议案 ●Violate违反 ●Treaty协定 ●Parliament国会 ●House of commons下议院 ●Senate参议院 ●Congressman国会/众议院议员 ●Court法庭[院] ●House of lords上议院 ●Congress（美国等国的）国会、议会●Senator参议员 ●Legislature立法机关、立法机构 ●Procurator检察官 ●Security forces安全部队 ●Campaign运动选举 ●Cease-fire停火●Armed forces武装部队 ●Expel驱逐，放逐 ●Cabinet内阁 ●Casualty伤亡 ●Diplomatic tie外交关系 ●Ambassador大使，使节 ●Inflation通话膨胀 ●Reject否决 ●Statement声明 ●Interfere干涉 ●Unseat罢免 ●Protest示威 ●Democracy民主 ●Proposal提议 ●Domestic affairs内政 ●Resignation辞职 ●Impeach弹劾 ●Insurgent造反者，反抗国内政权的人●Multi-party elections多党选举 ●Amnesty特赦 ●Curfew宵禁 ●Anarchism无政府主义 ●Ballot选举票，投票，票数，投票 常见政治头衔新闻词汇 ●President总统 ●Premier总理 ●Secretary of state国务卿●Prime minister首相 ●Chief executive行政长官●Deputy president副总统●Foreign minister外长 ●Finance minister财长 ●Secretary-general秘书长●Chairman主席 新闻中出现的中国时政的词汇 ●Rapid economic growth快速经济增长 ●Disparate development发展不平衡 ●Flood-prevention project防洪工程 ●Building redundant project重复建设 ●Work contracted to households包干到户 ●Strive for a relatively comfortable life奔小康 ●Lighten the burden on the peasant（farmers）减轻农民负担●A constructive strategic partnership建设性战略伙伴关系 外交用词 ●Ambassador大使●Diplomacy外交●Consulate领事馆，领事任期，领事 的职位
常用新闻英语词汇
11.常用新闻英语词汇. 政治、法律、外交 1. Abortive coup attempt流产政变 2. Absent trial缺席审判 3. Absentee voting缺席投票 1 4. Absolute majority绝对多数 5. Absolute monarchy君主专制政体 6. Abstain from voting放弃,不投票 7. Abstention弃权 8. Accord协定,一致 9. Accredited journalist特记者 10. Acting president代总统 11. Action platform行动纲领 12. Action policy行动方针,实施方针 13. Administration party执政党 14. Administrative authorities行政当局 15. Administrative injunction行政命令 16. Administrative policy speech施政演 17. Advanced countries发达国家 18. Advisory body顾问团 19. Advisory committee咨询委员会 20. Agenda会议事项,议事日程 21. Agreed formula商定的方安 22. Aid-giving agency援助机构 23. Alien domination外国统治 24. Allied powers同盟国 25. All-out ban全面禁止 26. Ambassador-at-large巡回大使 27. Ambassador extraordinary and plenipotentiary特命全权大使 28. Amendment修正案,附加条款 29. Amicable relation友好关系 30. Amnesty 31. Anarchy大赦 32. Annex(领土)合并,兼并 33. Anxious澳、新、美三国防御体系 34. Appeasement policy绥靖政策 35. Appropriate authorities有关当局
机械专业英语复试词汇总结
机械英语词汇大全2 金属切削 metal cutting 机床 machine tool 金属工艺学 technology of metals 刀具 cutter 摩擦 friction 联结 link 传动 drive/transmission 轴 shaft 弹性 elasticity 频率特性 frequency characteristic 误差 error 响应 response 定位 allocation 拉孔 broaching 装配 assembling 铸造 found 流体动力学 fluid dynamics 流体力学 fluid mechanics 加工 machining 液压 hydraulic pressure 切线 tangent 机电一体化 mechanotronics mechanical-electrical integration 气压 air pressure pneumatic pressure 稳定性 stability 介质 medium 数学模型 mathematical model 画法几何 descriptive geometry 机械制图 Mechanical drawing 投影 projection 视图 view 剖视图 profile chart 标准件 standard component 零件图 part drawing 装配图 assembly drawing 尺寸标注 size marking 技术要求 technical
机床夹具 jig 动力学 dynamic 运动学 kinematic 静力学 static 分析力学 analyse mechanics 拉伸 pulling 压缩 hitting 剪切 shear 扭转 twist 弯曲应力 bending stress 强度 intensity 三相交流电 three-phase AC 磁路 magnetic circles 变压器 transformer 异步电动机 asynchronous motor 液压驱动泵 fluid clutch 液压泵 hydraulic pump 阀门 valve 失效 invalidation 强度 intensity 载荷 load 应力 stress 安全系数 safty factor 可靠性 reliability 螺纹 thread 螺旋 helix 键 spline 销 pin 滚动轴承 rolling bearing 滑动轴承 sliding bearing requirements 刚度 rigidity 内力 internal force 位移 displacement 截面 section 疲劳极限 fatigue limit 断裂 fracture 塑性变形 plastic distortion 脆性材料 brittleness material 刚度准则 rigidity criterion 垫圈 washer 垫片 spacer 直齿圆柱齿轮
法律英语常用词汇
法律英语实用单词讲解 accord释义：accord在普通英语中的含义是符合，一致，在法律英语中则表示和解或和解协议，指指债务人和一个债权人达成的、以偿还部分债务免除全部债务责任的协议。如reach an accord达成和解协议，accord and satisfaction和解与清偿等。 acquire释义：acquire在普通英语中的含义是获得，获取，而且通常指通过后天的努力获得。在法律英语中通常指对公司的购买，收购，我们通常所说的M&A，即是acquire的名词acquisition和merger 的缩写。如The foreign investor has acquired more than 10 PRC domestic enterprises engaging in related industries within a year. 外国投资者一年内并购中国境内关联行业的企业超过10个。 act释义：act在普通英语中的含义是行动，行为，在法律英语中通常理解为作为，与不作为forbear 相对应。如：Notwithstanding anything contained in this Act, the Minister may, on the recommendation of the Commission, direct the Commission to act or forbear from action释义：act在普通英语中的含义是行动，在法律英语中则理解为诉讼，相当于suit或lawsuit，如initiate an action提起诉讼，win an action在诉讼中获胜，defend oneself in an action在诉讼中为自己辩护等。 adopt释义：adopt的最常见含义是采用，通过，如adopt a law通过一项法律，adopt a proposal 采纳一个建议等，这种用法在法律英语中也较为常见。另外，adopt在法律英语中可能会用到一个含义是收养，如adopt an orphan according to law根据法律规定收养孤儿。 admission释义：admission是admit的名词，在普通英语中的含义是承认或接纳。在法律英语中，则通常是法律程序中的一个用语，意思是采纳，采信（证据），如The defendant challenged the admission of the evidence by the court on the ground that the evidence was irrelevant.被告以证据没有相关性为由反对法院对其予以采信。 affect释义：affect是普通英语中最常见最普通的单词之一，意思是影响，通常用在口语和非正式的场合中。但在法律英语，affect（本义没有改变，仍然是影响），确实非常正式的用法，通常不能用influence 等单词替换。如The failure of either party at any time or times to require performance of any provision hereof shall in no manner affect its right at a later time to enforce the same．任何一方在任何时候未要求另一方履行本协议任一条款，并在不影响其以后强制执行该条款的权利。 affiliate释义：affiliate是法律英语的常见单词之一，意思是关联方，关联公司，也可以associate或connected person表示。如“Affiliate” means any person or company that directly or indirectly controls a Party or is directly or indirectly controlled by a Party，including a Party's parent or subsidiary, or is under direct or indirect common control with such Party.“关联公司”指直接或间接控制一方(包括其母公司或子公司)或受一方直接或间接控制，或与该方共同受直接或间接控制的任何人或公司。 agent释义：agent也是法律英语中常见单词之一，意思是代理人，代理商，通常指商业代理，如果指非商业性质的代理，如替别人出席会议等，则可用proxy。 例句：Nothing in this Agreement or in the performance of any of its provisions is intended or shall be construed to constitute either party an agent, 1egal representative, subsidiary，joint venturer，partner，employer，or employee of the other for any purpose whatsoever． 参考译文：本协议的任何内容或本协议任何条款的履行，无意表示、亦不应被理解为任何一方为任何目的可以充当另一方的代理人、法定代表、子公司、合营方、合作伙伴、雇主或雇员。
英语新闻词汇大全
英语新闻词汇大全accreditedjournalistn.特派记者advertisementn．广告．advancen．预发消息；预写消息affairn．桃色新闻；绯闻anecdoten．趣闻轶事assignmentn．采写任务attributionn.消息出处，消息来源backalleynewsn.小道消息backgroundingn．新闻背景Badnewstravelsquickly.坏事传千里。bannern．通栏标题 beatn．采写范围 blankvt."开天窗"bodyn.新闻正文boilvt．压缩(篇幅) boxn.花边新闻 briefn.简讯 bulletinn．新闻简报 bylinen.署名文章 captionn．图片说明caricaturen．漫画 carryvt．刊登 cartoonn．漫画 censorvt.审查(新闻稿件)，新闻审查
chartn．每周流行音乐排行版 clippingn．剪报 columnn．专栏；栏目 columnistn．专栏作家continuedstory连载故事;连载小说contributingeditor特约编辑 contributionn．(投给报刊的)稿件;投稿contributorn．投稿人 copydeskn．新闻编辑部 copyeditorn．文字编辑 correctionn．更正(启事) correspondencecolumn读者来信专栏correspondentn.驻外记者；常驻外埠记者 covervt．采访;采写 covergirln.封面女郎 covertcoverage隐性采访;秘密采访 cropvt．剪辑(图片) crusaden．宣传攻势 cutn．插图vt．删减(字数)cutlinen．插图说明dailyn．日报 datelinen．新闻电头 deadlinen．截稿时间 digvt．深入采访；追踪(新闻线索)；“挖”(新 闻) digestn．文摘
英语新闻常用词汇大全(免费版)
英语新闻词汇大全accredited journalist n. 特派记者 advertisement n．广告． advance n．预发消息；预写消息 affair n．桃色新闻；绯闻 anecdote n．趣闻轶事 assignment n．采写任务 attribution n. 消息出处，消息来源 back alley news n. 小道消息 backgrounding n．新闻背景 Bad news travels quickly. 坏事传千里。 banner n．通栏标题 beat n．采写范围 blank vt. "开天窗" body n. 新闻正文 boil vt．压缩(篇幅) box n. 花边新闻 brief n. 简讯 bulletin n．新闻简报 byline n. 署名文章 caption n．图片说明 caricature n．漫画 carry vt．刊登 cartoon n．漫画 censor vt. 审查(新闻稿件)，新闻审查 chart n．每周流行音乐排行版 clipping n．剪报 column n．专栏；栏目 columnist n．专栏作家
continued story 连载故事;连载小说contributing editor 特约编辑 contribution n．(投给报刊的)稿件;投稿contributor n．投稿人 copy desk n．新闻编辑部 copy editor n．文字编辑 correction n．更正(启事) correspondence column读者来信专栏correspondent n.驻外记者；常驻外埠记者 cover vt．采访;采写 cover girl n. 封面女郎 covert coverage 隐性采访;秘密采访 crop vt．剪辑(图片) crusade n．宣传攻势 cut n．插图vt．删减(字数) cut line n．插图说明 daily n．日报 dateline n．新闻电头 deadline n．截稿时间 dig vt．深入采访；追踪(新闻线索)；“挖”(新闻) digest n．文摘 editorial n．社论 editorial office 编辑部 daily 日报 morning edition 晨报 evening edition 晚报 quality paper 高级报纸 popular paper 大众报纸 evening paper 晚报 government organ 官报
机械工程专业英语单词
Lesson 1 Basic Concepts in Mechanics 机械学的基本概念 mechanics n.力学 modify v.修改，调解，变更manageable a.可控制【管理】的 incline v.（使）倾斜 ramp n.斜板，斜坡【道】 slope v.（使）倾斜 friction n.摩擦 roll v.滚动 multiplier n.放大器，乘法器 broom n.扫帚 convert v.转变【化】 handle n.手柄【把】 sweep v.扫荡【描】，掠过efficiency n.效率 gauge vt.测【计】量，校验bearing n.轴承 ideal mechanical advantage 理想的机械效益 neglect vt.忽略Lesson 2 Basic Assumption in Plasticity Theory 塑性理论的基本假设 assumption n.假定 plasticity n.塑性 investigate v.调查，研究deformation n.变形 metal forming process 金属成型工艺【过程】 strain (rate) n.应变【速率】 strength n.强度 stress n.应力 yield stress 屈服应力 flow stress 流动应力 tensile stress 拉【伸】应力compressive stress 压【缩】应力 shear stress 剪【切】应力 geometry n.几何形状 elastic a.弹性的 springback n.回弹 bending n.弯曲，折弯
法律英语常用词汇最全
法律英语常用词汇大全
法律英语常用词汇大全 一、律师部分 案件受理费court acceptance fee 案情重大、复杂important and complicated case 案由cause of action 案子case 包揽诉讼monopolize lawsuits 被告defendant(用于民事、行政案件); the accused (用于刑事案件) 被上诉人appellee 被诉人respondent; defendant 本案律师councel pro hac vice 本地律师local counsel 毕业证diploma; graduation certificate 辩护词defense; pleadings 辩护律师defense lawyer 辩护要点point of defense 辩护意见submission 财产租赁property tenancy 裁定书order; ruling; determination(指终审裁定) 裁决书award(用于仲裁) 裁决书verdict(用于陪审团) 采信的证据admitted evidence; established evidence 草拟股权转让协议drafting agreement of assignment of equity interests 查阅法条source legal provisions 产权转让conveyancing 出差go on errand; go on a business trip 出国深造further study abroad 出具律师意见书providing legal opinion 出示的证据exhibit 出庭appear in court 传票summons; subpoena 答辩状answer; reply 代理词representation 代理房地产买卖与转让agency for sale and transfer of real estate