大学英语精读3(第三版)英汉互译Unit08

Daydreaming has always had a bad reputation, but now scientific research has revealed that daydreaming may actually improve your mental health and creativity. It can even help you achieve your desired goals.

白日梦的名声一向不好，但现在科学研究已揭示，白日做梦也许真能增进心理健康和提高创造力，白日做梦甚至可帮助你实现你渴望达到的目标。

Daydream a Little Eugene Raudsepp

做点白日梦　尤金·罗德塞普

"Daydreaming again, Barb? You'll never amount to anything if you spend your time that way! Can't you find something useful to do?"

“又在白日做梦啦，巴勃? 你要是老这样消磨时间，你将一事无成! 难道你就不能找点有益的事做吗?”

Many youngsters have heard words like those from their parents. And until recently this hostile attitude towards daydreaming was the most common one. Daydreaming was viewed as a waste of time. Or it was considered an unhealthy escape from real life and its duties. But now some people are taking a fresh look at daydreaming. Some think it may be a very healthy thing to do.

许多年轻人都听到他们的父母讲过类似的话。直到最近，这种对白日做梦的敌视态度仍是人们最常见的态度。白日做梦被视为浪费时间，或被看成是逃避现实生活及其责任的一种不健康的倾向。但现在有人对此持一种新的见解。有些人认为，白日做梦或许是一件十分有益于健康的事情。

Attitudes towards daydreaming are changing in much the same way that attitudes towards night dreaming have changed. Once it was thought that nighttime dreams interfered with our needed rest. But then researchers tried interrupting the dreams of sleepers. They learned that sleepers who aren't allowed to dream lose the benefits of rest. They become tense and anxious. They become irritable. They have trouble concentrating. Their mental health is temporarily damaged. To feel well again, they must be allowed to dream.

人们对白日做梦的态度正在改变，这与人们对夜间做梦的看法的变化有非常相似之处。人们曾一度以为夜间做梦干扰我们所需的休息。后来，研究人员设法打断睡眠者的梦。他们获悉不让睡眠者做梦，他们反而得不到有益的休息。这些人变得紧张不安，烦躁易怒。他们的注意力难以集中。他们会暂时在精神上受到损害。要恢复健康，就得让他们做梦。

Now researchers are finding that daydreaming may also be important to mental health. Daydreaming, they tell us, is a good means of relaxation. But its benefits go beyond this. A number of psychologists have conducted experiments and have reached some surprising conclusions.

如今研究人员正发现白日做梦对人的精神可能也有重要的影响。他们说，白日做梦是一种很好的休息方式。

其好处还不止于此。一些心理学家已经进行过试验，并得出一些令人吃惊的结论。

Dr. Joan T. Freyberg has concluded that daydreaming contributes to intellectual growth. It also improves concentration, attention span, and the ability to get along with others, she says. In an experiment with school children, this same researcher found that daydreaming led the children to pay more attention to detail. They had more happy feelings. They worked together better. Another researcher reported that daydreaming seemed to produce improved self-control and creative abilities.

琼·T·弗赖伯格博士得出结论说，白日做梦有助于智力的发展。她说，白日做梦还能使人更加专注，延长注意力集中的时间，并改善与别人相处的能力。在对上学的儿童进行的一项试验中，这位研究人员还发现白日做梦使孩子们更加注意细节。他们的精神更加愉快。他们相互间合作得更好。另一名研究人员报告说，白日做梦似乎能改善自我克制力与创造力。

But that's only part of the story. The most remarkable thing about daydreaming may be its usefulness in shaping our future lives as we want them to be. Industrialist Henry J. Kaiser believed that much of his success was due to the positive use of daydreaming. He maintained that "you can imagine your future." Florence Nightingale dreamed of becoming a nurse. The young Thomas Edison pictured himself as an inventor. For these notable achievers, it appears that their daydreams came true.

但这些仅是一部分情况。有关白日做梦的最引人注目的事情，或许是它在按我们自己的意愿创造未来生活方面所起的有益作用。工业家亨利·J·凯泽相信，他的成功相当程度上应归功于积极利用白日做梦。他坚持说:“你尽可以想象自己的未来。”佛洛伦斯·南丁格尔曾梦想成为护士。年轻的托马斯·爱迪生也曾把自己想象成一位发明家。对这些著名的成功者来说，似乎他们的白日梦统统变成了现实。

Dr. Harry Emerson Fosdick believed that the way we picture ourselves is often the way we turn out. He offered this advice: "Hold a picture of yourself ... in your mind's eye, and you will be drawn toward it. Picture yourself vividly as defeated, and that alone will make victory impossible. Picture yourself as winning, and that will contribute immeasurably to success. Do not picture yourself as anything, and you will drift ..."

哈里·埃默森·福斯迪克博士相信，我们想象自己成为什么样的人，结果往往就成为什么样的人。他劝告说:“在你的心目中树立起一个你自己的形象……，这样，你就会向这个形象靠拢。倘使你把自己惟妙惟肖地想象成一个失败者，单这一点就会使胜利化为泡影。你若把自己想象成一个胜利者，这将对你的成功起到不可估

量的作用。如果你心目中没有一个确立的形象，你就会随波逐流……”

The experiences of some athletes seem to confirm this belief. For instance, John Uelses, a former pole-vaulting champion, used daydreaming techniques before each meet. He would imagine himself winning. He would vividly picture himself clearing the bar at a certain height. He would go over all the details in his mind. He would picture the stadium and the crowds. He'd even imagine the smell of the grass and the earth. He said that this exercise of the imagination left memory traces in his mind that would later help his actual performance.

一些运动员的经历似乎证实了这种看法。例如，前撑杆跳冠军约翰·尤尔塞斯每次比赛前都使用白日做梦的技术。他想象自己赢得胜利。他逼真地想象自己在某一高度是怎样越过横竿的。他会把所有的细节一一地在脑海里审察一遍。他会想象到体育场和观众的情景。他甚至想象出草坪和泥土发出的气味。他说，这种想像力的运用在脑子里留下记忆痕。这些记忆痕将有助于他的临场发挥。

Why would a mental vision of success help produce real success? Dr. Maxwell Maltz, a surgeon and author, says this:"Your nervous system cannot tell the difference between an imagined experience and a real experience. In either case it reacts automatically to information that you give it ... It reacts appropriately to what you think or imagine to be true."

为什么脑子里的一个成功形象会有助于取得实际的成功?身为外科医生兼作家的马克斯韦尔·莫尔茨博士是这样解释的：“你的精神系统不能区别想象的经历和实际的经历。无论哪种情况，它都自动地对你给的信息作出反应……它对你信以为真或想象为实的情况做出恰当的反应。”

He believes that purposeful daydreaming builds new "memories" in the brain. These positive memories improve a person's self-image. And self-image has an important effect on a person's actions and accomplishments.

他相信，有目的的白日做梦在脑子里建立起新的“记忆”。这些积极的记忆可以改善一个人的自我形象。而自我形象对一个人的行动和成就有着重要的影响。

Can you use purposeful daydreaming to shape your own future? Why not try? Here is how those who believe in creative daydreaming recommend going about it. Choose a time when you can be alone and undisturbed. Close your eyes, to permit your imagination to soar more freely. Many people find that they get best results by pretending that they are sitting before a large screen. They project the desired image of themselves onto that screen.

你会利用有意识的白日做梦来创造自己的前程吗?你不妨试一试。下面是那些相信白日做梦的创造性的人推荐的方法。选一个你能独自一人不受打

扰的时间。闭上你的眼睛，让你的想像力更加自由地翱翔。许多人发现，如果假想自己坐在一个大的屏幕前，则可以获得最佳效果。他们可以将自己的理想的形象放映到这个屏幕上。

Now picture yourself — as vividly as possible — the way you want to be. Remember to picture your desired goals as if you had already attained them. Go over all the details of this picture. See them clearly and sharply. Impress them strongly on your memory. The resulting memory traces will supposedly start affecting your everyday life. They will help lead you to the attainment of your goals.

现在你就来尽可能生动地按你所希望的那样想象一下你自己吧。记住将你想达到的目标想象成似乎你已达到了。仔细琢磨一番这一图像的全部细节。每一个细节都要看得清楚、明晰。将这些细节深深地刻印在你的记忆里。这样生成的记忆痕，据信会影响你的日常生活。它们将帮助把你引向你要达到的目标。

Of course daydreaming is no substitute for hard work. If it's athletic achievement you want, you also have to get lots of practice in your sport. You have to work hard to develop skills. If it's school success you're after, you can't neglect studying. Daydreaming alone can't turn you into your heart's desire. But in combination with the more usual methods of self-development, it might make a critical difference. It could be the difference between becoming merely good at something and becoming a champion.

当然，白日做梦绝不能代替艰苦的努力。如果你要在运动上有所成就，你还得进行大量的练习。你得努力提高技术。如果你要学业优异，你绝不能忽视学习。单是白日做梦不能使你功成名就，如愿以偿。但与较为通常的自我提高的方法结合起来，它就有可能起关键性的作用。是仅仅干得好一些，还是成为冠军，其差别往往在此一举。

If what researchers are saying is true, a life lived without fantasies and daydreams isn't as rich and rewarding as life can be. So they suggest setting aside a few minutes each day for daydreaming. By so doing, you may improve your physical and mental well-being. By taking a ten- or fifteen-minute "vacation" into the realm of imagination each day, you may add much to the excitement and enjoyment of your life. And who knows: You might see your own daydreams come true.

假如研究人员所说是真，那么没有想入非非、白日做梦的生活就不可能是丰富多彩和富有成就的。因此研究人员建议每天留出几分钟用于白日做梦。这样做，可以改善你的身心健康。每天放上10分钟或15分钟的“假”，到想象的王国里去遨游一番，可以为你的生活增添许多兴奋和乐趣。说不定你真的会见到你的白日梦成为现实呢。

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