英国文学史选读__复习要点总结

《英国文学史及选读》第一册复习要点

1. Beowulf: national epic of the English people; Denmark story; alliteration, metaphors and understatements （此处可能会有填空，选择等小题）

2. Romance （名词解释）

3. “Sir Gawain and the Green Knight”: a famous roman about King Arthur’s story

4. Ballad（名词解释）

5. Character of Robin Hood

6. Geoffrey Chaucer: founder of English poetry; The Canterbury Tales (main contents; 124 stories planned, only 24 finished; written in Middle English; significance; form: heroic couplet)

7. Heroic couplet (名词解释)8. Renaissance（名词解释）9.Thomas More——Utopia

10. Sonnet（名词解释）11. Blank verse（名词解释）12. Edmund Spenser “The Faerie Queene”

13. Francis Bacon “essays” esp. “Of Studies”（推荐阅读，学习写正式语体的英文文章的好参照，本文用词正式优雅，多排比句和长句，语言造诣非常高，里面很多话都可以引用做格言警句，非常值得一读）

14. William Shakespeare四大悲剧比较重要，此外就是罗密欧与朱立叶了，这些剧的主题，背景，情节，人物形象都要熟悉，当然他最重要的是Hamlet这是肯定的。他的sonnet也很重要，最重要属sonnet18。（其戏剧中著名对白和几首有名的十四行诗可能会出选读）

15. John Milton 三大史诗非常重要，特别是Paradise Lost和Samson Agonistes。对于Paradise Lost需要知道它是blank verse写成的，故事情节来自Old Testament，另外要知道此书theme和Satan的形象。

16. John Bunyan——The Pilgrim’s Progress

17. Founder of the Metaphysical school——John Donne; features of the school: philosophical poems, complex rhythms and strange images.

18. Enlightenment（名词解释）

19. Neoclassicism（名词解释）

20. Richard Steele——“The Tatler”

21. Joseph Addison——“The Spectator”这个比上面那个要重要，注意这个报纸和我们今天的报纸不一样，它虚构了一系列的人物，以这些人物的口气来写报纸上刊登的散文，这一部分要仔细读。

22. Steel’s and Addison’s styles and their contributions

23. Alexander Pope: “Essay on Criticism”, “Essay on Man”, “The Rape of Lock”, “The Dunciad”; his workmanship (features) and limitations

24. Jonathan Swift: “Gulliver’s Travels”此书非常重要，要知道具体内容，就是Gulliver游历过的四个地方的英文名称，和每个部分具体的讽刺对象; （我们主要讲了三个地方）“A Modest Proposal”比较重要，要注意作者用的irony 也就是反讽手法。

25. The rise and growth of the realistic novel is the most prominent achievement of 18th century English literature.

26. Daniel Defoe: “Robinson Crusoe”, “Moll Flanders”, 当然是Robinson Crusoe比较重要，剧情要清楚，Robinson Crusoe的形象和故事中蕴涵的早期黑奴的原形，以及殖民主义的萌芽。另外注意Defoe的style和feature，另外Defoe是forerunner of English realistic novel。

27. Samuel Richardson——“Pamela” (first epistolary novel), “Clarissa Harlowe”, “Sir Charles Grandison”

28. Henry Fielding: “Joseph Andrews”, “Jonathan Wild”, “Tom Jones”第一个和第三个比较重要，需要仔细看。他是一个比较重要的作家，另外Fielding也被称为father of the English novel.

29. Laurence Sterne——“Tristram Shandy”项狄传

30. Richard Sheridan——“The School for Scandal”

31. Oliver Goldsmith——“The Traveller”(poem), “The Deserted Village” (poem) (both two poems were written by heroic couplet), “The Vicar of Wakefield” (novel), “The Good-Natured Man” (comedy), “She stoops to Conquer” (comedy),

“The Citizen of the World” (collection of essays)

32. Sentimentalism（名词解释）

33. Thomas Gray——“Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard”（英国诗歌里非常著名的一首，曾经被誉为“有史以来英国诗歌里最好的一首”）(a representative of sentimentalism and graveyard school of poets墓园派诗人)

* Graveyard School / Poets”: A term applied to eighteenth-century poets who wrote meditative poems, usually set in a graveyard, on the theme of human mortality, in moods which range from elegiac pensiveness to profound gloom. The vogue resulted in on e of the most widely known English poems, Thomas Gray’s “Elegy written in a country churchyard”. The writing of graveyard poems spread from England to Continental literature in the second part of the century and also influenced some American poets.

34. In the latter half of the 18th century, Pre-Romanticism; representative: William Blake and Robert Burns.

35. Thomas Percy——“Reliques of Ancient English poetry”许多中古的民谣都是在这个时期重新收集和整理起来的，这个集子是那个时代比较有名的一个民谣集。

36. William Blake比较重要，需要对主要作品有所了解，特别是Songs of Innocence 和Songs of Experience, 这两本集子的contrast一定要注意，另外Blake的写作特点也要注意，比如语言的简单明了，神秘主义氛围等。

37. Robert Burns伟大的苏格兰民族诗人, A Red Red Rose, Scots Wha Hae, Auld Lang Syne等名诗，写作特点: Scottish dialect; a poet of peasant and Scottish people; plain language; influence from Scottish folk songs and ballads; musical quality of his poems.

《英国文学史及选读》第二册练习题

I. 浪漫主义时期

I. Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that would best complete the statement and put the letter in the brackets.

1. English Romanticism is generally said to have begun with__A_in 1798.

A. the publication of Lyrical Ballads

B. the death of Sir Scott

C. the birth of William Wordsworth

D. the passage of the first Reform Bill in the Parliament

2. The Romantic Period is first of all an age of__B___.

A. Novel

B. poetry

C. drama

D. prose

3. Romanticism does not emphasize__D___.

A. the special qualities of each individual’s mind

B. the inner world of the human spirit

C. individuality

D. the features that men have in common

4.___B__ is not a Romantic poet.

A. William Blake

B. Sir Scott

C. P. B. Shelley

D. Lord Byron

5. _C____ is a Romantic novelist but is impressed with neo-classic strains.

A. Walter Scott

B. Mary Shelley

C. Jane Austen

D. Ann Radcliff

6. ____C_ is not characteristic of William Blake’s writing.

A. plain and direct language

B. compression of meaning

C. supernatural quality

D. symbolism

7. Wordsworth published Lyrical Ballads in 1789 with __B___.

A. Byron

B. Coleridge

C. Shelley

D. Keats

8. Wordsworth thinks that _D____ is the only subject of literary interest.

A. the life of rising bourgeoisie

B. aristocratic life

C. the life of the royal family

D. common life

9. Don Juan is the masterpiece of__A___.

A. Lord Byron’s

B. P. B. Shelley’s

C. John Keats’s

D. Samuel Coleridge’s

10. _A____ is not a novel written by Jane Austen.

A. Jane Eyre

B. Sense and Sensibility

C. Pride and Prejudice

D. Emma

II. Complete each of the following statements with a proper word or a phrase according to the textbook.

1. In essence, Romanticism designates a literary and philosophical theory which tends to see the__.individual ___as the very center of all life and all experience.

2. For the Romantics, _ human life ____ is not only the major source of poetic imagery, but also provides the dominant subject matter.

3. Wordsworth is regarded as a “worshipper of _ nature ____.”

4. According to the subjects, Wordsworth’s short poem s can be classified into two groups: poems about nature and poems about ____ human life _.

5. Coleridge’s achievement as poet can be divided into two remarkably diverse groups: _.the demonic ____ and the conversational.

6. As a leading Romanticist, Byron’s chief contribution is his creation of the “_ Byronic hero ____.”

7. “__ Ode to the West Wind ___” is Shelley’s representative work.

8. __ The odes ___ are generally regarded as Keats’s most important and mature work.

9. “Beauty is truth, truth beauty” is a famous line in Keats’s “__ Ode on a Grecian Urn ___.”

10. _ Pride and Prejudice ____is the most delightful of Jane Austen’s work.

III. Decide whether the following statements are true or false and write your answers in the brackets.

( T )1. The Romantic period is also a great age of prose.

( T )2. Romantics also tend to be nationalistic, defending their own literary heritage against the advocates of classical rules.

( F )3. Coleridge has been rewarded as Poet Laureate.

( F)4. Keats is one of the “Lake Poets.”

( F )5. Jane Austen is a typical Romantic writer.

IV. Name the author of each of the following literary work.

1. “The Rime of the Ancient Mariner”Coleridge

2. Songs of Innocence Blake

3. “Ode to a Nightingale”Keats

4. “A Song: Men of England”Shelley

5. The Prelude Wordsworth

V. Define the literary terms listed below

1. Romanticism

Romanticism is a movement that flourished in literature, philosophy, music and art in western culture during most of the nineteenth century, beginning as a revolt against classicism. There have been many varieties of Romanticism in many

different times and places. The leading features of Romantic movements are Wordsworth, Shelley, etc.

2. Ode

Ode is a complex and often lengthy lyric poem, written in a dignified formal style on some lofty or serious subject. Odes are often written for a special occasion, to honour a person or a season or to commemorate an event.

VI. For each of the quotations listed below please give the name of the author and the title of the literary work from which it is taken and then briefly interpret it.

1….Be through my lips to unawakened Earth.

The trumpet of a prophecy! O, Wind,

If winter comes, can Spring be far behind?

1. It is taken fro m Shelley’s Ode to the West Wind. In this poem, Shelley eulogizes the powerful west wind and expresses his eagerness to enjoy the boundless freedom from the reality. In these last lines, the poet shows his optimistic spirit for the future.

2. For oft, when on my couch I lie

In vacant or in pensive mood,

They flash upon that inward eye

Which is the bliss of solitude;

And then my heart with pleasure fills,

And dances with the daffodils.

2. It is taken from Wordsworth’s “I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud.” Th e poet thinks that it is a bliss to recollect the beauty of nature in his mind while he is in solitude. He expresses his strong affecting for nature in the poem

.

II.维多利亚时期

I. Each of the statement below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that would best complete the statement and put the letter in the brackets

1. The Victorian period roughly began at the enthronement of Queen Victoria in__B___.

A. 1835

B. 1836

C. 1837

D. 1838

2. The critical realists like Charles Dickens in the Victorian period wrote novels__D___.

A. representing the 18th century realist novel

B. criticizing the society

C. defending the mass

E. all the above

3. ___D__is not a Victoria novelist.

A. Charles Dickens

B. George Eliot

C. William Makepeace Thackeray

D. D. H. Lawrence

4. ___C__ is not a work by Charles Dickens.

A. Oliver Twist

B. David Copperfield

C. Middlemarch

D. A Tale of Two Cities

5. Wuthering Heights is a masterpiece written by___B__.

A. Charlotte Bronte

B. Emily Bront

C. Anne Bronte

D. Branwell Bronte

6. __A___ is not Thomas Hardy’s work.

A. The Mill on the Floss C. Jude the ObscureD. The Mayor of Casterbridge

7. “My Last Duchess” is __A___.

A. a dramatic monologue

B. a short lyric

C. a novel

D. an essay

8. Tennyson’s “Ulysses” gets its inspiration from the following works or writers except_B____.

A. Homer’s Odessey

B. Joyce’s Ulysses

C. Dante

D. Greek Mythology

9. In the 19th century English literature, a new literary trend _D____ appeared. And it flourished in the 1840s and in the early 1950s.

A. romanticism

B. naturalism

C. realism

D. critical realism

10. The title of the novel Vanity Fair was taken from__A___.

A. The Pilgrim’s Progress

B.Childe Harold’s Pilgrimage

C.G ulliver’s Travels

D.The Canterbury Tales

II. Complete each of the following statements with a proper word or a phrase according to the textbook

1. The aestheticists such as Oscar Wilde in the Victorian period advocated the theory of “_art for art’s sake ____.”

2. In the Victorian period, _ the novel ____became the most widely read and the most vital and challenging expression of progressive thought.

3. Charles Dickens is one of the greatest _ critical realist ____ writers of the Victorian Age.

4. Tennyson’s poem “__ Break, Break, Break ___” is in memory of his bosom friend Arthur Hallam.

5. Robert Browning is famous for his _ dramatic monologue ____.

6. George Eliot’s __ Middlemarch ___ is one of the most mature works in English literature.

7. Tennyson’s famous dramatic monologue based on the story in Greek Mythology is “_ Ulysses ____.”

8. __ Oliver Twist ___ is Dickens’ first child hero.

9. Jane Eyre represents those_ middle ____-class working women who are struggling for recognition of their basic rights and equality as a human being.

10. The most important poet of the Victorian Age was_ Tennyson____. Next to him were Robert Browning and his wife.

III. Decide whether the following statements are true of false and write your answers in the brackets.

( T )1. The Victorian period has been generally regarded as one of the most glorious in the English history.

( F )2. Tennyson is famous for his aesthetic viewpoint of “art for art’s sake.”

( F )3. Wuthering Heights is the masterpiece of C harlotte Bronte’s.

( F ) 4. Browning’s “Meeting at Night” and “Parting at Morning” were originally one poem in dramatic monologue.

( T )5. Naturalism has played an important part in Thomas Hardy’s work.

IV. Name the author of each of the following literary works.

1. The Posthumous Papers of the Pickwick Club Charles Dickens

2. The Tenant of Wildfell Hall Anne Bronte

3. In Memoriam Alfred Tennyson

4. The Mill on the Floss George Eliot

5. The Return of the Native Thomas Hardy

V. Define the literary terms listed below.

1. Dramatic Monologue

Dramatic Monologue is a kind of narrative poem in which one character speaks to one or more listeners whose replies are not given in the poem. The occasion is usually a crucial one In the speaker’s personality as well as the incident that is the subjects of the poem. An example of a dramatic monologue is “My Last Duchess” by Robert Browning.

2. Critical Realism

Critical Realism is a literary movement in the 19th century. It sticks to the principal of faithful representation of the 18th century realistic novel and carries its duty forward to the criticism of the society and the defense of the mass. The representativ e figures are Dickens, the Bronte’s, etc

VI. For each of the quotations listed below please give the name of the author and the title of the literary work from which it is taken and then briefly interpret it.

1. That same evening the gentleman in the white waistcoat most positively and decidedly affirmed, not only that Oliver would be hung, but that he would be drawn and quartered into the bargain. Mr. Bumble shoot his head with gloomy mystery, and said he wished he might come to good; where—unto Mr. Gamfield replied, that he wished he might come to him---which, although he agreed with the beadle in most matters, would seem to be a wish of a totally opposite description.

The next morning, the public were once more informed that Oliver Twist was again To Let, and that five pounds would be paid to anybody who would take possession of him.

1. It is taken from Charles Dickens’s Oliver Twist. This part describes how Oliver is punished for asking for more to eat and how he is therefore sold at three pound ten to a notorious chimney-sweeper. It reveals that the pitiable state of the orphan boy and the cruelty and hypocrisy of the workhouse board.

2. Thus, neither having the clue to the other’s secret, they were respectively puzzled at what each revealed, and a waited new knowledge of each other’s character and moods without attempting to pry into each other’s history.

Every day, every hour, brought to him one more little stroke of her nature, and to her one more of his. Tess was trying to lead a repressed life, but she little divined the strength of her own vitality.

2. It is taken from Thomas Hardy’s Tess of the D’Urbervilles. This part describes how Tess forgets about her past misfortune in the beautiful, pastoral dairy farm and unconsciously gives herself up to the attraction of Angel Clare.

III. 现代时期

I. Each of the statement below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that would best complete the statement and put the letter in the brackets

1. Modernism takes__C___as its theoretical base.

A. the irrational philosophy

B. the theory of psycho-analysis

C. both A and B

D. neither A nor B

2. Modernism rose out of__D___.

A. skepticism

B. disillusion of capitalism

C. irrational philosophy

D. al the above

3. Modernism is, in many aspects, a reaction against__B___.

A .romanticism B. Realism C. post-modernism D. all the above

4. __C___is not a movement in the modern period.

A. “the Angry Young Men”

B. “the Beat Generation”

C. “the Lost Generation”

D. “the Theater of the Absurd”

5. _A____ is not a representative figure in applying the technique of “the stream of consciousness” in his/her writing.

A. D. H. Lawrence

B. James Joyce

C. Virginia Woolf

D. Dorothy Richardson

6. Waiting for Godot is regarded as the most famous and influential play of the Theater of Absurd. It is written by_B____.

A. George Bernard Shaw

B. Samuel Beckett

C. John Galsworthy

D. Eugene O’ Neill

7. The Waste Land is__D___’s most important single poem.

A. Ezra Pound

B. William Butler Yeats

C. Alfred Tennyson

D. T. S. Eliot

8. __A___ is not D. H. Lawrence’s work.

A. Finnegans Wake

B. Sons and Lovers

C. Lady Chatterley’s Lover

D. The R ain Bow

9. __C___ is not James Joyce’s novel.

A. Ulysses

B. A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man

C. Dubliners

D. Finnegans Wake

10. “The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock” is written by_D____.

A. W. H. Auden

B. D. H. Lawrence

C. W. B. Yeats

D. T. S. Eliot

II. Complete each of the following statements with a proper word or a phrase according to the textbook

1.The French__ Symbolism ___, appearing in the late 19th century, heralded modernism.

2. Modernism rejects__ rationalism ___, which is the theoretical base of realism.

3.In stimulating the technical innovations of novel creation, the theory of the Freudian and Jungian__ psycho-analysis

___played a particularly important role.

4.Most of Bernard Shaw’s plays are concerned w ith political, economic, moral, or religious problems, and, thus, can be termed as___ problem plays __.

5._ D. H. Lawrence ____is famous for his frank discussion of “sex” in his works.

6.John Galsworthy’s trilogy is named_ The Forsyte Saga ___.

7.__ T. S. Eliot ___, an American Poet, took English Citizenship in 1927, and became a devout member of Anglican Church.

8._ The Waste Land ____is Eliot’s most important poetry, revealing the spiritual decadency and meaninglessness of life of the 20th century.

9.Most of Joyce’s works are concerning the life of his hometown_ Dublin ____.

10.Joyce’s “Araby” is a short story in his collection_ Dubliners

____.

III. Decide whether the following statements are true of false and write your answers in the brackets.

(F )1. The rise of modern poetry was, in some sense, a revolution against the conventional ideas and forms of the Romantic poetry.

(F )2.Writers like E. M. Forster and D. H. Lawrence are still conventional writers, as in their works, old traditions are still there.

( F )3.John Galsworthy has been awarded Nobel Prize for literature.

( T )4.John Galsworthy is a conventional writer, inheriting the fine traditions of the great Victorian novelists of the critical realism such as Dickens.

( F )5.James Joyce is a prolific writer, creating a great number of famous works.

IV. Name the author of each of the following literary works.

1.Modernism

2.Modernism is a movement in the 20th century. It takes the irrational philosophy and the theory of psycho-analysis as

its theoretical base and in many aspects is a reaction against realism.

3.Angry Young Men

Angry Young Men is a phrase applied to a number of British playwrights and novelists from the mid-1950s, who described various forms of social alienation and whose political views were radical and anarchic.

V. Define the literary terms listed below.

1. Pygmalion Bernard Shaw

2. “Sailing to Byzantium”W. B. Yeats

3. Woman in Love D. H. Lawrence

4. Ulysses James Joyce

5. The Man of Property John Galsworthy

VI. For each of the quotations listed below please give the name of the author and the title of the literary work from which it is taken and then briefly interpret it.

1. I will arise and go now, for always night and day

I hear lake water lapping with low sounds by the shore;

While I stand on the roadway, or on the pavements gray,

I hear it in the deep heart’s core.

1. It is taken from Yeats’s “The lake Isle of Innisfree.” In this poem, Yeats expresses his longing to escape from the city life and to live a secluded life by describing the peaceful, tranquil scene of the lake Isle of Innisfree, a legendary place for hermitage.

2. Now she began to combat in his restless fretting. He still kept up his connexion with Miriam, could neither break free nor go the whole length of engagement. And this indecision seemed to bleed him of his energy. Moreover. His mother suspected him of an unrecognized leaning towards Clara, and, since the latter was a married woman, she wished he would fall in love with one of the girls in a better station of life. But he was stupid, and would refuse to love or even to admire a girl much, just because she was his social superior

It is taken from D. H. Lawrence’s Sons and Lovers. Paul has love affairs with two girls, Miriam and Clar a. But he is so dependent on his mother’s love and help that he fails to achieve a fulfilling relationship with either girl.

English Literature ( Book II)

Romanticis

1.Romanticism（名词解释）要对浪漫主义兴起的时间，根源，主要特点，主要代表作家都有所了解。

2.William Wordsworth要知道他的“Lyrical Ballads”前言是英国浪漫主义时期开始的标志，也是宣言。Lake Poets （名词解释）。他诗歌的主要两类题材：nature and common people’s lives。

写过的著名作品：I wandered lonely as a cloud; To the cuckoo; Lines composed a few miles above Tintern Abbey; The solitary reaper; We are seven 等等。

3. Samuel Taylor Coleridge两首名诗：The Rime of the Ancient Mariner; Kubla Khan主要写作supernatural题材。

4. George Gordon Byron，Byronic Heroes (名词解释); 著名作品：Child Harold’s Pilgrimage要知道大致内容，另外此诗用Spenserian Stanza写成；Don Juan要知道大致内容。

5. Percy Bysshe Shelley著名作品：Queen Mab; The Revolt of Islam; Prometheus Unbound（lyrical drama，要知道大致内容及此剧与古希腊的“被束缚的普罗米修斯”不同之处及其意义。）其它名作: Ode to the West Wind; To a skylark 等等。

6. John Keats著名作品：Ode to Autumn; Ode to a Nightingale; Ode on a Grecian Urn”。注意Keats与Byron和Shelley 的不同，Keats的诗歌没有两人那么强的革命性，他的诗歌主要是为了缔造一个唯美的世界，为了追求美而写作的。

7. Charles Lamb：The Essays of Elia (humorous, archaisms, quotations from other writers)

8. Walter Scott: founder and great master of the historical novel; his death marks the ending of Romantic Period in English literature; famous novels: Rob Roy, Ivanhoe; features of his novels.

English Critical Realism

9. Critical Realism批判现实主义，要知道它兴起的时间，历史背景，主要代表人物及主要特点。

10. Charles Dickens主要作品: The Pickwick Papers (first novel); Oliver Twist; Dombey and Son; David Copperfield; A Tales of Two Cities等等，对这些主要作品除了第一部以外剩下的要对情节，主要人物形象，主题及其意义有所了解，另外要知道狄更斯的小说的特色。

11. William Makepeace Thackeray主要作品即Vanity Fair要知道这个题目出自John Bunyan的The Pilgrim’s Progress，另外小说的副标题“A novel without a hero”的意思，小说的情节，主题，人物形象都要了解。

12. Jane Austen主要作品：Pride and Prejudice其它5部小说知道名字即可，对于《傲慢与偏见》简单看一下它的

情节和主要人物。Austen的写作特点：thin plot, mostly everyday life of simple country society; good at writing young girls; modest satire; witty dialogues。

13. Charlotte Bronte主要作品Jane Eyre，要知道其情节和意义，另外简爱的人物形象也比较重要。

14. Emily Bronte主要作品Wuthering Heights，情节，人物形象及意义。勃朗特姐妹的小说虽然写作在批判现实主义时期，但其作品有明显的浪漫主义特色，比如包含的一些supernatural elements，特别体现在呼啸山庄中。

15. George Eliot主要作品: Adam Bede, The Mill on Floss.

Prose-writers and poets of the mid and later 19th century

16. Alfred Tennyson主要作品: In Memoriam, The Idylls of the Kings；有名的短诗Break, Break, Break; Crossing the bar 等，此人政治态度保守，作品追求形式上的完美，富于音乐性和色彩。

17. Robert Browning introduced dramatic monologue to poetry. His famous poems: “Home-thoughts from abroad” etc. Elizabeth Barrett Browning: “Sonnets from the Portuguese”.

18. Aestheticism唯美主义（名词解释）Oscar Wilde主要作品，写作特点及其意义简要了解。

Twentieth Century English Literature

19. John Galsworthy: 主要作品“The Forsyte Saga”注意这是两个trilogy构成的，可不是一本小说，其中比较重要的是“The Man of Property”就是书上介绍的那一部，要知道此部小说主人公的名字，以及这个主人公的性格，和小说主题。

20. George Bernard Shaw主要作品Mrs Warren’s Profession和Major Babara，对他作品的主要人物，情节，主题和意义要了解，他是比较重要的一个作家。

21. T. S. Eliot比较重要，特别是他的The Waste Land要知道包括哪几个部分，大概是什么情节，有什么象征意义，主题是什么，有什么写作特点。另外他著名的文章Tradition and the Individual Talent被认为是manifesto of modernist poetry.

22. Modernist fiction put emp hasis on the description of the characters’ psychological activities under the influence of Austrian doctor Sigmund Freud’s theories.

23. D. H. Lawrence重点作品Sons and Lovers这个作品明显受到弗洛伊德影响，特别是其中体现的Oedipus complex，对其人物，主题要有了解；The Rainbow及其续篇Women in Love要有简单了解，特别是对其主题。Lady Chatterley’s Lover简单了解即可。劳伦斯的思想特点以及局限性要了解。

24. Stream-of-consciousness（名词解释）

25. James Joyce其它作品简单了解，但Ulysses非常重要，需要知道题目来源，题目的含义，小说的主人公和情节，以及主题。

26. Virginia Woolf重要的意识流作家，主要作品要指导。书上主要介绍的是Mrs. Dalloway，其实她的其它几部作品特别是To the Lighthouse也比较出名，需要了解一下。

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2014-2015英国文学史及选读期末试题B

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班级_________________学号姓名考试科目英美文学史及作品选读【（1）】B卷闭卷共 5 页 学生答题不得超过此线····································密························封························线································

班级_________________学号姓名考试科目英美文学史及作品选读【（1）】B卷闭卷共 5 页 学生答题不得超过此线····································密························封························线································

(完整word版)吴伟仁--英国文学史及选读--名词解释

①Beowulf: The national heroic epic of the English people. It has over 3,000 lines. It describes the battles between the two monsters and Beowulf, who won the battle finally and dead for the fatal wound. The poem ends with the funeral of the hero. The most striking feature in its poetical form is the use if alliteration. Other features of it are the use of metaphors(暗喻) and of understatements(含蓄). ②Alliteration: In alliterative verse, certain accented(重音) words in a line begin with the same consonant sound(辅音). There are generally 4accents in a line, 3 of which show alliteration, as can be seen from the above quotation. ③Romance: The most prevailing(流行的) kind of literature in feudal England was the Romance. It was a long composition, sometimes in verse(诗篇), sometimes in prose(散文), describing the life and adventures of a noble hero, usually a knight, as riding forth to seek adventures, taking part in tournament(竞赛), or fighting for his lord in battle and the swearing of oaths. ④Epic: An epic is a lengthy narrative poem, ordinarily concerning a serious subject containing details of heroic deeds and events significantly to a culture or nation. The first epics are known as primacy, or original epics. ⑤Ballad: The most important department of English folk literature is the ballad which is a story told in song, usually in 4-line stanzas(诗节), with the second and fourth lines rhymed. The subjects of ballads are various in kind, as the struggle of young lovers against their feudal-minded families, the conflict between love and wealth, the cruelty of jealousy, the criticism of the civil war, and the matters and class struggle. The paramount(卓越的) important ballad is Robin Hood(《绿林好汉》). ⑥Geoffrey Chaucer杰弗里.乔叟: He was an English author, poet, philosopher and diplomat. He is the founder of English poetry. He obtained a good knowledge of Latin, French and Italian. His best remembered narrative is the Canterbury Tales(《坎特伯雷故事集》), which the Prologue(序言) supplies a miniature(缩影) of the English society of Chaucer’s time. That is why Chaucer has been called “the founder of English realism”. Chaucer affirms men and women’s right to pursue their happiness on earth and opposes(反对) the dogma of asceticism(禁欲主义) preached(鼓吹) by the church. As a forerunner of humanism, he praises man’s energy, intellect, quick wit and love of life. Chaucer’s contribution to English poetry lies chiefly in the fact that he introduced from France the rhymed stanza of various types, especially the rhymed couplet of 5 accents in iambic(抑扬格) meter(the “heroic couplet”) to English poetry, instead of the old Anglo-Saxon alliterative verse. ⑦【William Langland威廉.朗兰: Piers the Plowman《农夫皮尔斯》】

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吴伟仁的英国文学史及选读

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