英语考试翻译对照文本
以下内容由赵欣茹谢冬岱于建张馨匀那湛李爽袁新哲陈颂桥同学无私翻译。
Unit 7
1段
At its most basic, corporate culture is described as the personality of an organization, or simply as “how things are done around here”.
最基本的，企业文化被描述为一个组织的个性，或简单地作为“如何在这里做的事情”。
It guides how employees think, act and feel.
它指导员工如何思考、行动和感知。
Corporate culture is a broad term used to define the unique personality or character of a particu lar company or organization, and includes such elements as core values and beliefs, corporate e thics, and rules of behavior.
企业文化是一个广泛的术语，用来定义一个特定的公司或组织的独特的个性或性格，并包括核心价值观和信念，企业道德和行为规则等元素。
Organizations can be described using the same terms as we use to describe individuals.
组织可以使用与用于描述个人的相同术语来描述。
Organizations can be warm, aggressive, friendly, open, innovative, conservative, and so on. An organization’s culture is transmitted in different ways, including long standing and often unwritten rules, shared standards about its importance, prejudices, standards for social etiquette and demeanor, established customs for how to relate to peers and what is and it not appropriate behavior.
组织可以是温暖，积极，友好，开放，创新，保守，等等。组织的文化以不同的方式传播，包括长期的和通常不成文的规则，关于其重要性，偏见，社会礼仪和风度的标准的共同标准，如何与同伴联系的习惯，以及什么是不合适的行为
Thus, corporate culture communicates how people in an organization should behave, by establishing a value system conveyed through rites, legends and actions. Corporate culture means “the way we do things around here”. It represents a common conception held by the organization’s members.
。因此，企业文化通过建立礼仪，传说和行动传达的价值体系来传达组织中的人应该如何行为。企业文化意味着“我们在这里做事情的方式”。它代表了组织成员所持有的一个共同概念。
4~6段（此为额外翻译，买一送一，不是重点）
Attention to Detail Personalities: This type of organizations focuses attention on the details of the organization where they have made quality their driving themes. Ideal Steel had a culture with strong focus on quality and its attention to it has led to a prestigious quality designation. 注意细节型：这种类型的组织关注的是组织的细节，这种组织中他们已经有所成就。Ideal Steel有一种极其注重质量的文化，它对质量的这种关注度使得它得到了一个著名的质量称号。
Outcome Oriented Personalities: This type of organizations succeeds by focusing on result in certain aspects of their business. For instance, Nordstrom’s, the high quality department store retailer, focuses on customer services. Nordstrom’s employees know definitely what is expected of them and those expectations shape their behavior.
结果导向型：这种类型的组织认为成功由业务某些方面的结果决定。例如，Nordstrom的高质量百货零售商，专注于对顾客的服务。Nordstrom的员工很了解公司对他们的期望值是什么，这个期望值会塑造他们的行为。
People Orientation Personalities: Adobe-systems, the third largest manufacturer of personal computer software, treat its employees as “family”. One of the founders states; “Every capital asset we have at Adobe gets into an automobile and drives home at night. Without them, there is nothing of substance in this company. It is the creativity of individuals--not the machines--that determines the success of this company.”Other examples of organization with strong people cultures include Southwest Airlines, Hewlett-Packard, Toro Company, and
Quad/Graphics.
以人为本型：Adobe-systems是第三大的个人电脑软件公司，它把员工视为“家人”。创始人之一说：“在Adobe，我们所拥有的每个资本资产都会被搭载到汽车中，并在晚上开车回家。如果没有他们，这家公司是没有什么实质性的东西的。是个人的创造力决定了这家公司的成功，而不是机器。”其他具有很强人文气息组织的例子有Southwest Airlines, Hewlett-Packard, Toro Company 和Quad/Graphics. Unit 8
1~5
britain warned monday that failure to act swiftly on global warming will have a cataclysmic effect on the global economy，and said it was stepping up efforts to get other nations involved.
英国星期一警告说，如果不能迅速采取行动应对全球变暖将对全球经济产生巨大影响，并表示正在加紧努力让其他国家参与。
A long-awited report predicted apocalyptic effects from climate change，including droughts,flooding,skyrocketing malaria rates and the extinction of many animal species. These will happen during the current generation if changes are not made soon, the report said.
一份长期报告预测了气候变化的启示性影响，包括干旱，洪水，疟疾率的暴涨和许多动物物种的灭绝。这些都会发生在当前一代，如果不是很快改变，报告(同时)说。
It said the costs related to climate change, if it is allowed to continue unmitigated, could devour as much as 20 percent of the world's gross domestic product, or GDP.
投入的成本与气候变化相关，如果任由其继续恶化。用在气候变化上的花费将耗费全球国内生产总值(GDP)的百分之二十。
"The consequences for our planet are literally disastrous," Prime Minister Tony Blair of Britain said in a speech discussing the report, which is one of the most comprehensive attempts yet to predict the economic impact of global warming.
“（气候变化对）地球的结果是灾难性的”英国首相托尼?布莱尔(Tony Blair)在讨论气候变化报告的一次演讲中说：这是一个最全面的尝试，但是还没有预测全球变暖对经济的影响。
"This disaster is not set to happen in some science-fiction future, many years ahead, but in our lifetime," Blair said. "What is more, unless we act now, not some time distant but now, these consequences, disastrous as they are, will be irreversible."
“这场灾难将发生在我们的有生之年，而非久远的科幻的未来。”布莱尔说：“此外，如果我们不采取措施，不是未来，就是现在，后果会是灾难性的，而且是不可逆转的。”
13~15
If the sources of greenhouse gases continue unchecked, average temperatures could rise by 2 to 3 degrees Celsius in the next 50 years, the report says. By comparison, during the last Ice Age, temperatures were just 5 degrees Celsius cooler than they are now.
报告指出，如果温室气体的来源继续不被抑制，那么在未来的50年内平均气温将上升2至3摄氏度。相比之下，上一个冰河时代，温度仅比目前低5摄氏度。
A 2-to-3-degree increase in average temperatures could leave one-sixth of the world's population facing floods or droughts. It could reduce crop production in Africa enough to put several hundred million people at risk of starvation.
平均气温每上升2-3度可能会让世界上六分之一的人口面临洪水或干旱。它可以减少非洲农作物的产量，这足以使几亿人面临饥饿的风险
Almost half of the world's land animals could face extinction, the report argued. An additional degree increase after that and cities like New York, Tokyo, London and St. Petersburg would be at constant risk of flooding.
报告显示，几乎一半的陆地动物将面临灭绝,。在此之后任何额外温度的上升将使得一些城市比如纽约，伦敦和东京圣彼得堡经常面临洪水泛滥的风险。
Unit 9（重点看）
Members-only parks, beaches and theme parks which promise to keep out undesirables will spring up in affluent areas, and trendy loft-living couples will call in teams of “baby proofers” to make their high-tech homes children friendly.
承诺防止不良分子进入的会员制的公园、海滩和主题公园将在富裕的地区迅速增长，新潮的富裕（阁楼风）夫妇会召集保障儿童活动安全的专业团队确保他们的高科技家庭设施对儿童是友好的
Labor-saving gadgets and services will become vital as increasingly hurried consumers have less time to shop, cook and clean for themselves.
由于越来越忙碌的消费者几乎没有时间自己去购物、做饭、清理，所以节约劳动力的设备和服务变得至关重要。
“Intelligent refrigerators will track consumption, printing a shopping list on demand or transmitting it electronically to a home delivery service, smart cookers will know how you like your eggs, meal trucks will circle neighborhoods at dinner time, offering complete meals, and you will get your personal shopper to pick out everything you need from clothing to food,” says Ms. Salzman.
“智能冰箱可以跟踪食物消耗情况，按需打印购物清单或发送一份电子订单给家政送货服务公司，智能炊具知道你喜欢的鸡蛋烹饪方式，餐车会在用餐时间在街区巡游并提供全套的餐点，你的私人导购会为你挑选从衣服到食物等所有你需要的东西。”Salzman女士说。
But she warns that for an emerging of technological have-nots, the future looks bleak.
但她警告说，对于新兴的技术匮乏阶层，其前景暗淡。
“The chasm between those who do and do not have access to new technologies (particularly the Internet) will be far more significant than separations caused by age, geography, sex or lifestyle. Those who aren’t wired will be blocked from an entire universe of information, communication and community,” She says.
“人与人之间由于是否接触和接受新技术（特别是因特网）所造成的鸿沟将远远超过其由于年龄、地域、性别和生活方式所造成的差异。那些没有’连线’的人将被封锁在信息、通讯和整个社会之外”她说。
Unit 10（重点看）
Amid all this bounty there is just one thing that none of these companies offer. And that is time. If employers really want to show that they are helping employees balance their lives, the answer is not to do their shopping, fix their teeth and issue them with laptops so that they can work “flexibly” right through the night. It is to ensure that people do work too hard. To write it into the company`s culture that no one will be expected to work more than, say, 40 hours a week on average. And for the Chief Executive to show the way.
Certainly this would not be easy, and probably not cheap either. But an employer that tackled the long-hours culture would be reaching the parts that all the free hairdos,, Viagra and guitar lessons in the world will never reach.
翻译：
在众多福利待遇之间，有一项则是所有企业都无法给予员工的，那就是时间。如果雇主真的想表现出他们在帮助员工平衡工作和生活，答案并不是帮他们去购物，治牙，发给他们笔记本电脑，让他们整晚都能随时工作。答案应该是确保人们不至于工作过于辛苦。把每周工作不超过40小时写在企业文化中，企业的首席执行官也要以身作则。
当然，这并不是件容易的事，可能成本也不低。但是雇主如果改变了长时间工作的文化，要远远比给员工提供免费理发，免费的伟哥，免费的吉他课更有意义。
各种等级考试、考核、竞赛的英文翻译
英文简历必备各类学生职位、竞赛、奖学金超全翻译 2010-9-10 15:04:18 网友访问：24849 我要评论 找名企实习、求职都需要一个英文的简历和求职信，在英文简历中，一些有中国特色的词汇该怎么翻译好呢？比如三好学生、学生会干部、共青团员；又比如一些竞赛的奖项，诗朗诵比赛、摄影大赛、创业大赛等。下面就为大家系统总结一下这些词汇的翻译方法。 征文比赛Essay Competition 计算机科学系（Computer Science Department）： 网页设计大赛Web Page Design Competition 辩论赛Debate Competition 软件设计大赛Software Design Competition 多媒体课件设计大赛Multimedia Courseware Design Competition 网站设计竞赛Web Design Competition 电子科学系（Electronic Science Department）： 演讲比赛Speech Contest 电子设计大赛Electronic Design Contest 服装系（Textile and Fashion Department）： 服装创意设计大赛Garment Design Competition 毕业设计大赛Graduation Design Competition
发表论文Publications 专利证书Patent 服装设计大赛Garment Design Contest 泳衣大赛Swimming Suit Design Competition 手提包设计大赛Handbag Design Competition 服装创意设计大赛Creative Garment Design Competition 生命科学系(Department of Life Science）： 实验技能操作大赛Experiment Skill and Operation Contest 广东大学生生物化学实验技能大赛 The Biochemical Experiments Contest for College Student in Guangdong 建筑与土木工程系(Department of Architecture & Civil Engineering）：建筑文化节Architectural Culture Festival 建筑设计竞赛Architectural Design Competition 钢笔画比赛Ink Drawing Contest 节徽设计大赛Festival Logo Design Contest “五佳”歌手活动“Best Five” Singer Activitie s 友谊篮球赛Friendship Cup Basketball Match 工程测量比赛Engineering Survey Competition 班际足球赛Inter-class Football Match 省大学生科技竞赛Science and Technology Contest for Province College Students
英语A级过级考试翻译题答案汇总
Translation 以下为2010年6月份真题： A California bank has an opening for a government relations officer. As an officer of a new, growing department, you will act as the bank’s liaison(联络人) with government officials. The successful candidate will have up to four yea rs’ experience in government relations or public affairs. Strong writing and verbal(口头) skills are essential. College degree required. Banking experience preferred. 加利福尼亚银行现招聘一政府关系主任。作为一个新的成长中的部门的办公人员，该职位职责是负责联络政府官员。成功的应聘者要有长达四年的在政府关系或公共事务方面的工作经验，应有较强的书面和口头表达能力。要求大学专科学历，有银行工作经验者优先。 The Bodleian（博得雷利）Library is the main research library of the University of Oxford（牛津）. It is one of the six national copyright libraries and, as the founder of the library intended, it is a resource that attracts scholars and visitors to Oxford from around the world. Today the Bodleian Library has 30 reading rooms -- with 2,663 reader places -- in ten buildings in central Oxford. The library is granted the right to receive a copy of every book, magazine and newspaper printed in Britain. 博得雷利图书馆是牛津大学主要的研究型图书馆，是六大获得国家版权的图书馆之一，正如该图书馆的创办者所预期的那样，它是吸引世界各地学者和游客来牛津大学的重要原因。如今，博得雷利图书馆在牛津大学中心的十座大楼里拥有30间阅览室，能容纳2663名读者。该图书馆已被授权收藏英国各地印刷出的所有书籍、杂志和报纸的副本。 In this difficult economy, you may find it harder than ever to cope with challenges on the job. Both the stress we take with us when we go to work and the stress that awaits us on the job are on the rise – and employers, managers, and workers all feel the added pressure. While some stress is a normal part of life, excessive stress interferes with your productivity and reduces your physical and mental health, so it’s important to find ways to keep it under control. Fortunately, there is a lot that you can do to adjust and reduce stress at work. 在这经济困难时期，你可能会发现，比起以往现在更加难以应付工作中的挑战了。去上班时的压力以及工作中随时会出现的压力正在增加-——上至老板，经理，下至员工都感受到了这种额外的压力。一些压力是我们生活中的正常一部分，然而, 过度的压力会影响你的工作效率，损害你的身心健康。因此，找到控制压力的方法就很重要了。庆幸的是，你还是可以找到很多方法来调节和减轻工作压力。 Dialing Instructions to call from China toll free (免费): 1. Dial 010-5263-2483, then hang up after hearing a ring. 2. Our system will call you back within 5 to 10 seconds. 3. When the phone rings, pick it up; 4. Follow the voice prompt (语音提示) to enter your PIN (个人密码). Then dial your number. To call to USA/Canada: Dial 1 + area code + telephone number International call: Dial 011 + Country Code + City Code + Telephone number Please note: This card will only work from a cell phone. 中国免费国际电话拨打指南： 1.拨010-5263-2483，听到铃音后请挂断电话。 2.我们的系统会在5到10秒内给予答复。
大学英语四级考试翻译的答题要点
大学英语四级考试翻译的答题要点 翻译作为语言听、说、读、写、译五大能力之一，新大纲就六级阶段的要求提出，学生应“能借助词典将难度略低于课文的英语短文译成汉语，理解正确、译文达意，译速为每小时350个英语单词。能借助词典将内容熟悉的汉语文字材料译成英语，译文达意，无重大语言错误，译速为每小时300个汉字。”英译汉是 1996年大学英语考试委员会公布的第一批新题型中的一类，属主观题，该题型从属于阅读理解部分，从阅读理解的四篇短文中选取5个片断，大部分是一个较长、较复杂的句子，但有时也有2-3个句子组成的一个段落或片断。要求考生在15分钟内将该5题译成汉语，占分10%，每题2分。根据指令提示，翻译时还可回到前面参阅所译句子的有关上下文。 两种语言的对译讲究的是“信、达、雅”，这是翻译题评分的基本原则。“信”即忠实于原文；“达”即达意，即译文与原文的语义上的一致或等同，这是评分的重要原则，考生是否理解了原文，是否忠实于原文，都要根据译文的内容来作评判，所以“达”是根本。考试意义上的翻译对“雅”的要求不同于文学翻译，要求并不太高，只是译文应通顺流畅，符合译文语言的表达习惯。 一、英译汉样题、参考答案及评分标准 英译汉题型有详细、具体的评分标准，每道题的2分被统一细化为四个0.5分，三个0.5用以判给题中的三个语言点，即每题就语言而言有三个得分点，一个0.5分判给整句译文的语言结构是否通顺流畅、符合汉语习惯。 二、答题要点与真题解析 英译汉必须以理解原文为前提，而短文中句子或段落片段的翻译还必须基于对原文上下文的理解，所以英译汉试题解题的第一要点是: 正确理解短文，精确理解所译部分，准确分析该部分的句法结构和表意逻辑关系。要将一道英译汉题做好，必须精确地理解所需翻译的那部分句子，而精确的理解必须以正确理解短文为前提，有时还须准确地对有关句子的结构作语法分析，同时，还必须理清该部分在语意方面有几个层次及各层次间的先后关系。 在准确理解原文后，要注意正确、恰当地用汉语将原文各层次的语意以与原来相同的先后关系表达出来，这又需要了解一些译文处理技巧，要不然，在英语的影响下，你的译文形似汉语，读起来仍“洋味十足”。所以解答汉译英的第二要点是: 学会用符合习惯的标准汉语表述原文。几种在翻译中经常用到的避免英式汉语的方法是: （1）拆译法。选作英译汉试题的英语句子通常都较复杂，往往从句套从句，翻成译语要把这些从句拆开，翻成一句句相对独立的汉语句子——这么做使理清各语意层次的先后关系显得非常重要。 （2）合译法。英语中定语从句、同位语从句及用作定语的介词短语、分词短语和不定短语常后置在名词中心词之后，翻译时有时需要将这些后置修饰语合并到名词中心词的前置定语之中。 （3）重组法。英语句子结构越复杂，与以短句为特点的汉语表达习惯的差距越大，这时需要采用重组概念，改变一种角度，对原文各层次的语意进行重组，以恰到好处、通顺地道的汉语正确表达原文的信息。 根据英译汉评分标准，每道题有四个得分点，所以在英译汉答题时，还要注意第三点: 分析原文各题的得分点，重点理解，重点表达。从样题及历年英译汉真题实例中，我们发现，得分点一般都是一些特定的短语、句式或与短文要点密切相关的重要词语。对于原文中的这些语言点，考生必须结合上下文反复琢磨，求得理解上的准确，而后通过上面介绍的几种翻译处理技巧，恰当地将它们用汉语表达出来。 以下是英译汉真题实例解析。
2018年5月翻译资格考试二级英语笔译实务真题及答案
2018年5月翻译资格考试二级英语笔译实务真题及答案 英译中 第一篇文章 Near Cambodia's Temple Ruins a Devotion to Learning. 走进破败的柬埔寨庙宇，感受学习的热情。 Millions of tourists come here every year to visit the ancient ruins of Angkor Wat an influx that has helped transform what once resembled a small laid-back village into a thriving and cosmopolitan town with thumping nightlife and more than 10000 hotel rooms. 每年，都有数以百万计的游客造访吴哥窟，以观赏当地古老的历史遗迹，而这个游客聚居之地，也一改往日偏僻村落的闲适之常态，一举成为一座经济发展呈迅猛之势的国际化城镇。一万间宾馆客房拔地而起，赋予游客激情四射的夜生活。 But the explosion of the tourism industry here has also done something less predictable. Siem Reap which had no universities a decade ago is now Cambodia’s second-largest hub for higher education after the capital Phnom Penh. 但是，吴哥窟旅游业的爆棚式发展，也取得了某些意料之外的成果。十年前，暹粒还是一片学术的不毛之地，而今，暹粒已发展壮大成为柬埔寨第二大高等教育中心，高等院校规模仅次于首都金边。 The sons and daughters of impoverished rice farmers flock here to work as tour guides receptionists bartenders and waitresses. When their shifts are over they study finance English and accounting. 来自贫困稻农家的儿女们，一股脑地涌向暹粒。他们在这里要么做导游，要么从事接待工作；要么做调酒师，从事服务生的活计。每及轮班结束后，他们便会一头扎进金融、英语和会计的学习之中。 The establishment of five private universities here is helping to transform the work force in this part of Cambodia. Employers say that English proficiency is rising and that workers who attend universities stand out for their ability to express themselves and make decisions. A generation of students who would otherwise have had little hope to study beyond high school are enduring grueling schedules to get a degree and pursue their dreams. 暹粒设立的五所私立大学，正为改观当地的劳动人口推波助澜。老板们表示，员工的英语水平正在飞跃，接受高等教育的员工能表达自己的意愿，然后作出相应的决策，从而，也就容易在职场中脱颖而出。这一代学生本未对在高中毕业后继续深造寄予厚望，而现在，他们正在努力地完成繁重的学业，以期获得学位，追寻梦想。 Khim Borin a 26-year-old tour guide by day and law student by night says he wants to become a lawyer. But he sometimes has trouble staying awake in class during the high tourist season when he spends hours scaling vertiginous temple steps and baking in the tropical sun. 时年26岁的金?波林，白天做导游，晚上却是一名主修法律的学生。波林声称，他梦想成为一名律师。然而，在旅游的旺季，他每天都要爬上那令人晕眩的神庙台阶，且还不得不在热带阳光的炙烤下暴晒数个小时，这不免让他在晚间的课堂上心力交瘁。 But the symbiosis of work and study here came together without any master plan. 而在暹粒，工作与学习相得益彰，并无任何的总体规划。
英语翻译试卷答案()
全国2009年4月高等教育自学考试 英语翻译试卷 课程代码：00087 请将答案填在答题纸相应的位置上 Ⅰ.Multiple Choice (30 points, 2 points for each) A.Directions: This part consists of ten sentences, each followed by four different versions marked A, B, C and D.Choose the one that you think is the closest equivalent of the original in terms of meaning and expressiveness.(Please write the corresponding letter on the answer sheet.) 1.If machines really thought as men do, there would be no more reason to fear them than to fear men. A.如果机器真的像人一样思维，那么怕它们的理由就没有比怕人的理由多。 B.如果机器真的像人一样思维，那么就没有理由怕它们，正如没有理由怕人一样。 C.如果机器真的像人一样思维，那么怕人的理由就没有比怕它们的理由多。 D.如果机器真的像人一样思维，那么就没有理由怕人，正如没有理由怕它们一样。 2.James Bringley of Straffordshire started his self-made career in 1733 by working atmill wheels, at the age of 17, having been born poor in a village. A.1733年，斯塔福郡的詹姆斯·布林德雷就在磨坊工作。因为他出身于一个贫困的农村家 庭，17岁那年，他便开始了自我奋斗的历程。 B.斯塔福郡的詹姆斯·布林德雷1733年就开始了自我奋斗的历程。因为出生在一个贫困的 农村家庭，17岁那年，他就在磨坊工作。 C.斯塔福郡的詹姆斯·布林德雷，出生在一个贫困的农村家庭，1733年，在他17岁时， 靠改良磨坊的水车轮，便开始了自我奋斗的历程。 D.1733年，斯塔福郡的詹姆斯·布林德雷，在他17岁时，靠改良磨坊的水车轮，便开始 了自我奋斗的历程，他出生在一个贫困的农村家庭。 3.Many people believe, however, that our progress depends on two different aspects of science. A.然而，很多人相信，我们的进步有赖于科学的两个不同方面。 B.然而，很多人相信，我们的进步有赖于两个不同的科学方面。 C.然而，很多人相信，我们的进步有赖于不同科学的两个方面。 D.然而，很多人相信，我们的进步有赖于不同的两个科学方面。 1 / 7
英语翻译题(完整版)
Enterprises 1.in recent years，foreign companies have been buying best-selling brands from their locally listed subsidiaries and moving them to entities that are 100%-owned by the far-off parent. 近年来，外国企业一直从它们本地的上市子公司手中买入畅销品牌，并将这些畅销品牌并入由于母公司100%控股的实体企业中。 2.so they have set up wholly-owned，unlisted subsidiaries，or increaseed their stakes in existing affiliates，to gain total operating control。 所以，他们要么设立了不上市的全资子公司，要么增持现有关联方的股份，以获得总运营控制权。 3.not only was the Acer group to be flat，rather than pyramidal，but the holding company would own no more than 30% of each subsidiary，and Mr.Shih himself would control no more than 5%of the holding company. 鸿基集团采用平行的金字塔结构，而且控股公司在每个子公司的股权比例不超过30%，施先生在控股公司中的持股也不超过5%。 4.Loans to related companies are rarely made on an arm's length basis，and tend to be granted at below-market rates，with scant credit vetting. 放给关联公司的贷款基本都不按市场条件的正常交易，收取的利率往往低于市场水平，并很少进行认真的资信调查。
英语翻译考试答题技巧
英语翻译考试答题技巧 Document number【SA80SAB-SAA9SYT-SAATC-SA6UT-SA18】
翻译——英译汉 对于翻译部分,建议大家在学习和复习时掌握一些翻译的基本常识和一些常用方法,针对考试中经常出现的一些语言现象,仔细分析一些翻译实例,总结出一些规律性的东西,再加以必要的练习,一定能够提高自己的翻译水平。 (一词性转换 词性转换是英汉翻译过程中经常用到的情况。虽然英语和汉语的词性大多能重合,可以直接相互转换,但是,在英语句子中可以充当某个成分的词性相对较少,比如说,英语中充当主语的只有名词、代词或者相当于名词的动名词和不定式,充当谓语的只有动词;而在汉语句子中,名词、动词、形容词都可以做主语、谓语、宾语和表语。因此翻译时要灵活处理,不能一味拘泥于某些词汇在原文的词性,必要时应该采取词性转换的方法,将原词性进行适当的转换。这样翻译出来的句子才能流畅,表意确切。 (二词义引申 英语单词在不同的场合和搭配中,词义有时差别很大。如果把某些英语单词或词组按词典上的意义直译过来,就会使译文晦涩生硬,不易理解,甚至还可能引起误解。因此在翻译时,要在弄清原文意思的基础上,根据上下文和逻辑关系,并且按照汉语习惯选择适当词义加以引申。引申就是在翻译时将词义加以深化,产生新义,以确切表达原文含义。 (三增减词 英译汉过程中必须遵循的一项原则是:忠于原文。译者不能对原作者的意思加以更改,任意增加或减少内容。但是,这并不意味着译文的字数不能有任何增减,因为没有两种语言是完全对等的,尤其英汉两种语言在表达方式上差异较大。译者常常需要从全局考虑,进行必要的文字调整,使其符合汉语的习惯表达方式。在不影响原句意思表达的情况下,可以按照意境、修辞或句法的具体需要,增加或减少词语,使句子自然、流利、通畅。英译汉时增加必要的词语,省略不必要的词语,这就是增减词语的技巧。 (四正说反译和反说正译
全国翻译专业资格(水平)考试英语三级笔译实务模拟试题
全国翻译专业资格（水平）考试英语三级笔译实务模拟试题 Part 1 English-Chinese Translation (英译汉) Translate the following passage into Chinese and write your translation on the ANSWER SHEET (60 points, 100 minutes). I leave the vault, and as the guard closes the door, a marine archaeologist asks if I want to see anything else. As an example he shows me an astrolabe, a navigation tool that preceded the sextant. Few have survived. "We have three of the oldest known," he says. He directs me to a paper on astrolabes written by a Cuban colleague, who quoted a 16th-century instruction: "He who wants to take the sun with an astrolabe at sea, must be seated near the main mast, the place where the boat oscillates the least and is quiet." I want to take the measure of Cubas past, so I tell the archaeologist I would like to go to the place where the plain things are. I am here not only to see treasures that glitter but also to see and touch objects that illumine moments of the past. Smiling, he takes me into storage rooms where he and other archaeologists preserve cargoes from four centuries of wrecks. Jumbled on these shelves is the stuff of Cubas long reign as counting house and command center for Spains New World colonies. I see knickknacks destined for one of the annual 18th-century trade fairs, where Cubans bought imports from Spain. I also see, pallid from centuries in the sea, dozens of little painted ceramic dogs, lions, cats, and deer later shipped from England. Stacked nearby are sets of dinner dishes, tankards, an hourglass, a bottle of very Old Spanish wine. On another day, in fading light, I walk the ramparts of El Morro, its lighthouse standing tall over Havanas harbor. The old fortress, by day a warren of tourist stops, changes by night, looming deeper into the shadows of Havanas past. As torches light the darkness, I watch Cuban soldiers, costumed as 18th-century Spanish sentries, march along the ramparts of the Castillo de San Carlos and fire a cannon that salutes
大学英语翻译答案
Unit1 1. 背离传统需要极大的勇气。(departure, enormous) {It takes an enormous amount of courage to make a departure from the tradition.} 2. 汤姆过去很腼腆，但这次却非常勇敢能在大庭广众面前上台表演了。(performance, bold) {Tom used to be very shy, but this time he was bold enough to give a performance in front of a large audience.} 3. 很多教育家认为从小培养孩子的创新精神是很可取的。 (creative, desirable) {Many educators think it desirable to foster the creative spirit in the child at an early age.} 4. 假设（assume）那幅画确实是名作（masterpiece），你觉得值得购买吗？(worthwhile) {Assuming (that) this painting really is a masterpiece, do you think it's worthwhile to buy / purchase it?} 5. 如果这些数据统计上是站得住脚的，那它将会帮助我们认识正在调查的问题。(throw light on , investigate, valid) {If the data is statistically valid, it will throw light on the problem we are investigating.} Unit2 1) 该公司否认其捐款有商业目的。(deny, commercial) {The company denied that its donations had a commercial purpose.} 2) 每当他生气的时候，他说话就有一点结巴。(stammer) {Whenever he was angry, he would begin to stammer slightly.} 3) 教育是我们家庭最看重的传统，这就是为什么我父母从不带我到昂贵的饭店吃饭，却送我到最好的私立学校上学。(cherish) {Education is the most cherished tradition in our family. That’s why my parents never took me to dinner at expensive restaurants, but sent me to the best private school.} 4) 手术康复后不久，他失业了，因此经历了人生的又一个困难阶段。(shortly after, go through) {Shortly after he recovered from the surgery, he lost his job and thus had to go through another difficult phase of his life.} 5) 与我们的富裕邻居相比，我们的父母就相当穷了，但是他们总是努力满足我们最起码的需求。(affluent, minimal) {In contrast to our affluent neighbors, my parents are rather poor, but they have always tried hard to meet our minimal needs.} Unit3 1) 科学家们找到火星上有水的证据了吗？(proof) {Have scientists found proof of water on Mars?} 2) 计划委员会已经将建核电厂的可能地点缩小到了两个沿海城镇。(location, narrow down) {The planning committee has narrowed down the possible locations for the nuclear power plant to two coastal towns.} 3) 任何一个有尊严的人都不会一辈子依靠社会救济过活。(welfare)
历年英语B级考试翻译题
63. You will tip about 10% in a British restaurant if the bill doesn’t include a service charge. A) 英国餐馆通常收服务费，有时另外还要你再付10%左右的小费。 B) 在英国餐馆，如果餐费不包括服务费，你就要付10%左右的小费。 C) 英国大约有10%的餐馆收小费，其余的餐馆还需要另加服务费。 64. It would be natural to think all credit card issuers are honest; however, such is not always the case. A) 要特别注意信用卡使用者的诚信度，然而我们往往不会注意到这种情况。 B) 诚信的人们会自然地认为信用卡没有欺诈，但这种情况并非常常如此。 C) 认为所有的信用卡发行商都很诚信是自然的，然而情况并非总是如此。 65. We have played an important role in helping these companies to establish a strong network platform. A) 我们在帮助这些公司建立起强大的网络平台方面发挥出了重要作用。 B) 我们能帮助这些公司建立强大的网络平台，并可以做出
重大的贡献。 C) 我们对这些网络公司的帮助是巨大的，并为他们的发展提供了平台。 66. We are interested in your new product and would appreciate it very much if you send us a sample. A) 获悉我们新开发的产品在贵方深受广大客户欢迎，我们对此感到十分欣慰。 B) 我们对贵方的新产品很感兴趣。如果能将样品寄给我们，我们将不胜感激。 C) 据悉贵方已经研制出了新的产品，对此我们很感兴趣。请将样品寄给我们。 67. Come and join in our walking group. In the 14 week activities, we will help you to improve your health. Every two weeks we will have a class or a walk that will teach you about living a healthier life. We will have a guided shopping tour and fun guided walks. In addition, each member will receive some paper materials about walking. 63. If anything should go wrong with your computer, refer all services to qualified services personnel. A. 如果你不会使用这台计算机，务必向专业人士进行咨询。 B. 如果这台计算机出现问题，请送到专门维修店进行修理。
2018英语翻译知识点复习考点归纳总结
1.Sandy is wearing a long, black, silk dress.桑迪穿了条黑色的长丝裙。 43. I came to London when I was 18. 我18岁的时候来到伦敦。 44. It takes 45 minutes to get to the city centre from the hotel. 宾馆到市中心需要花45分钟时间。 One of the biggest sporting events in the world is the Olympic Games. 奥运会是世界上规模最大的体育比赛之一 41. While she was waiting, her phone rang.她正在等待的时候，电话铃响了 42. Although it is very enjoyable, the film is too long.虽然这部电影非常令人愉快，但是太长了。 43. We have enough money to improve the website.我们有足够的钱改进网站。 44. 1 had the windows cleaned yesterday.昨天我请人把窗户给擦了。 45. He came across an old violin at his friend's house.他在朋友家偶然发现了一把旧提琴。 41．She borrowed the book and gave it back on Monday． 她借了那本书，后来星期一把书还了。 45．He used tO play basketball every Sunday．他以前每个周日都打篮球。 41．Football is played by more than 20 million people in more than l40 countries· 超过140个国家的2000多万人都踢足球。 42．I’ve got the same sense of humour as my mum·我和我妈妈一样，有幽默感 43．He got on well with his classmates． 他和同学关系处得很好 44．He used tO work very hard when he was youn9． 他年轻的时候工作非常努力。 45．My family is putting me up at the moment，but I am thinking of buying my own flat．我现在跟家人住在一起，但是我正考虑买一套公寓自己住 41．He got on well with his sister． 他和他的姐／妹相处得很好 44．That box is too heavy for her to carry home．那个盒子太重了，她抬回家。 41. Although it is very enjoyable, the film is too long.虽然这部电影 非常令人愉快，但是太长了。 43. I need to be at the airport by 6.00 o’clock.我得在六点前到达机场。 44. I must have left the camera in a shop.我一定是把相机丢在那家商 店里了。 31. We have enough money to improve the website. 我们有足够的钱改进网站。 45. The accounts, which are in a bit of a mess, have to be ready for next month. 帐目现在有点乱，必须要在下个月清理好。 32. Do you take after your mother or father?你像你的母亲或父亲吗？ 35. I’ve been learning English for three years. 我已经学英语3年了33. I have to move out of my room on Friday because Franco has got another tenant. 我周五得从房子里搬出来，因为佛朗哥又招了一位房客。 35.would be great to see you to catch up on all our news. 到时见了面咱们把这些日子发生的事聊一聊，会多开心啊。 :33. They enjoyed themselves at the party. 他们在聚会上玩的很愉快 34.She doesn’t like swimming and neither does her sist er. 她不喜欢游泳，她妹妹也不喜欢 32. He used to play basketball every Sunday( 每个星期天他常常去打篮球 31. He studies in a university west of Beijing. 他在北京西部的一个大学学习 :32. He came across an old painting at his friend’s house. 他在他朋友家看到了一幅旧画 33. She would buy a large house if she won the lottery. 如果她中了彩票，她就买一幢大房子 :35. Both of the boys are good at singing. 这两个男孩都擅长唱歌 34. The flat was in a bit of mess. 公寓里一片狼籍 43. We've become good friends since last summer. 从去年夏天起我们就成了好朋友了。 44. Your neighbour says your flat was burgled this afternoon. .休的邻居说你的房子今天下午被盗了。 45. I haven't got a car, and nowhere to live. My family is putting me up at the mom 我没有车，也没有地方住。现在跟家人住一起。 44. Although it is very enjoyable, the film is too long. 虽然这部电影非常令人愉快，但是太长了。 1.I can’t find the key.I must have left it in the car. 我找不到钥匙了，我肯定将它丢在车上了。 2.Polly is worried about her lack of experience. 波利担心自己缺乏经验。 3.she needs to return the book by next Friday 她得在下周五之前把书还回去。 43. We've become good friends since last summer. 从去年夏天起我们就成了好朋友了。 42. Polly(波莉) is worried about her lack of experience. 波莉担心自己缺乏经验。 43. She needs to return the hook by next Friday. 她得在下周五之前把书还回去。 41. He got on well with his sister.