2019考研英语阅读

2019考研英语阅读：历年真题选项的7大特点

考研不仅仅考察的是一个人的知识素养，还有更多的是对题型的系统化总结，熟知命题思路。我们就要清楚在考研英语阅读的题目设置上，有哪些选项的特征会偏向于正确选项，又有哪些特征偏向于是错误选项。不能说是绝对，但是如果我们大概清楚他们的特点就可以在选择的时候有了一个参考。这样在正确率上又多了一层保证。

?正确选项的特点分析

(1)正确选项是原文内容的同义替换

那么相对的就是说：如果选项中的句子是文中的原文，就有可能是陷阱，不是正确选项，因为很可能会是句子虽对但是与题目不符合。

而在同义替换的过程中需要注意的是有可能只是某个单词或者短语的简单替换，也有可能是句式的替换和语态的转换，还有可能是对文中内容的概括归纳和总结。总之意思不变是原则。

(2)正确选项一般符合常理和道德

需要注意的是：这是要分情况去讨论的。因为如果题目是针对文中的某个人物的观点，那么这个人物有可能会有一定的谬论的出现，那么如果在这种内容上设置题目很明显就只能根据原文的意思来，也就是说正确选项极有可能是不符合常规的。但是，就绝大多数观点类的题目而言，无论是结论也好还是作者观点态度也好，正确选项基本符合常理和伦理道德，以保证不误导大家正确的价值观。

?错误选项的特点分析

(1)偷换概念

这是考研英语阅读中常见的偷换逻辑的伎俩。其表现方式一般是混淆概念中的所指对象、适用范围、或者是修饰语。即将原文中某句话的短语或者某个关键词换成了另一个词汇。大家只要将选项中的句子和文中的句子做对比分析，很容易就能找出差异所在。

(2)扭曲事实

在分析考研英语阅读时，我们时常会有这样的疑惑：“这个选项没问题啊，为什么正确答案却不是它?”其实，这就是我们常说的考题中的：单看选项，其本身是正确的，但细看，却不符合事实。所以，做题的同时，考生也要有必要的常识判断。

很简单的办法：把错误选项带到原文中，很容易就会发现出题人是如何把文中作者意图与事实歪曲的。考生可以多分析几篇真题，等真题做多了，自然也就有了题感。大概就能猜出选项是哪里有问题了。

(3)以偏概全

即将原文中所指对象的范围扩大，对考生进行迷惑。文中明明是只适用于部分情况，在选项中却表现为适用于全部情况。大家注意选项中的单个词汇或者修饰语，这个词汇的属性是泛指还是特指

。

(4)无中生有

即原文中根本没有提及或者推导不出来的内容，选项中却出现了。

(5)因果倒置

即选项将文中的因果关系颠倒，原文中的结果却变成了选项的原因，大家只要将选项与原文做对比，就会很清晰发现错误所在。

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