全国高等教育自学考试英语翻译试题

全国2008年7月高等教育自学考试

英语翻译试题

课程代码：00087

请将答案填在答题纸相应位置上

I. Multiple Choice Questions (30 points, 2 points for each)

A. Directions: This part consists of ten sentences, each followed by four different versions marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that is the closest equivalent of the original in terms of meaning and expressiveness.

1. The image of a sudden wall of dark water carrying the man and his car away in an instant is still imprinted on my mind.

A. 突然浑浊的雨水像一面墙一样压了下来，一下子就连人带车都冲走了。这情景直到现在

还印在我的脑海里。

B. 突然浑浊的雨水像一面墙一样压了下来，一下子就连人带车都冲走了的情景直到现在还

印在我的脑海里。

C. 突然浑浊的雨水像一面墙一下子就连人带车都冲走了。这情景直到现在还印在我的脑海

里。

D. 突然浑浊的雨水像一面墙一下子就连人带车都冲走了的情景直到现在还印在我的脑海

里。

2. He occasionally gave a smart nod, as if in confirmation of some opinion, though he was not

thinking of anything in particular.

A. 待一会儿他就轻快地把头一点，好象是对某一个意见表示赞成似的，其实他心里头可并

没。

B. 待一会儿他就轻快地把头一点，好象是对某一个意见表示赞成似的，其实他心里头可并

没想什么特别的事儿。

C. 待一会儿他就轻快地把头一点，好象是肯定了某一个意见，其实他心里头可并没。

D. 待一会儿他就轻快地把头一点，好象是肯定了某一个意见，其实他心里头可并没想什么

特别的事儿。

3. In the winter of wet years the streams ran full-freshet, and they swelled the river until

sometimes it raged and boiled, bank full, and then it was a destroyer.

A. 在多雨的年份，冬天水流充沛，引起河面暴涨，直到有时候汹涌翻腾，泛滥两岸，它就

成了祸害。

B. 在多雨的年份，冬天水流充沛，引起河面暴涨，直到有时候汹涌翻腾，泛滥两岸，就成

了祸害。

C. 在多雨的年份，冬天水流充沛，引起河面暴涨，有时候汹涌翻腾，泛滥两岸，就成了祸

害。

D. 在多雨的年份，冬天水流充沛，引起河面暴涨，河有时候汹涌翻腾，泛滥两岸，就成了

祸害。

4. When the whale is killed, the blubber is stripped off and boiled down, either on board ship or on

shore.

A. 鲸鱼被杀死之后，鲸脂被剥下来熬油，这项工作有的是在船上进行，有的是在岸上进行

的。

B. 鲸鱼杀死之后，鲸脂剥下来被熬油，这项工作有的是在船上进行，有的是在岸上进行的。

C. 鲸鱼杀死之后，把鲸脂剥下来熬油，这项工作有的是在船上进行，有的是在岸上进行的。

D. 鲸鱼被杀死之后，把鲸脂剥下来熬油，这项工作有的是在船上进行，有的是在岸上进行

的。

5. While we cannot close the gulf between us, we can try to bridge it so that we may be able to

talk across it.

A. 虽然我们不能缩短双方之间的鸿沟，我们却能够设法搭一座桥，以便我们能够越过它进

行会谈。

B. 在我们不能弥合双方之间的鸿沟的同时，我们能够设法搭一座桥，以便我们能够越过它

进行会谈。

C. 既然我们不能弥合双方之间的鸿沟，我们就能够设法搭一座桥，以便我们能够越过它进

行会谈。

D. 虽然我们不能弥合双方之间的鸿沟，我们却能够设法搭一座桥，以便我们能够越过它进

行会谈。

6. 我最恨那些欺名盗世、欺骗读者的谎言。

A. That I hate most are those glory-seeking writers who deceive the public with their lies.

B. Whatever I hate most are those glory-seeking writers who deceive the public with their lies.

C. What I hate most are those glory-seeking writers they deceive the public with their lies.

D. What I hate most are those glory-seeking writers who deceive the public with their lies.

7. 虽然还没有中国共产党，但是已经有了大批的赞成俄国革命的具有初步共产主义思想的

知识分子。

A. Although the Communist Party of China had not yet come into existence, but there were

already large numbers of intellectuals who approved of the Russian Revolution and had the rudiments of communist ideology.

B. Although the Communist Party of China had not yet come into existence, there were already

large numbers of intellectuals who approved of the Russian Revolution and had the rudiments of communist ideology.

C. Although the Communist Party of China had not yet come into existence, there were already

large numbers of intellectuals they approved of the Russian Revolution and had the rudiments of communist ideology.

D. Although the Communist Party of China had not yet come into existence, there were already

large numbers of intellectuals whom approved of the Russian Revolution and had the rudiments of communist ideology.

8. 北海公园原是历代封建帝王的“御花园”，总面积共有68.2公顷。

A. Bei Hai (North Lake) Park, covers an area of 68.2 hectares, was the imperial garden in the

feudal dynasties.

B. Bei Hai (North Lake) Park, covers an area of 68.2 hectares, being the imperial garden in the

feudal dynasties.

C. Bei Hai (North Lake) Park, covering an area of 68.2 hectares, which was the imperial garden in

the feudal dynasties.

D. Bei Hai (North Lake) Park, covering an area of 68.2 hectares, was the imperial garden in the

feudal dynasties.

9. 中国山区面积占国土总面积的70%。

A. Mountainous areas account for 70 percent of China’s total territory.

B. Mountainous areas account of 70 percent of China’s total territory.

C. Mountainous areas count for 70 percent of China’s total territory.

D. Mountainous areas count of 70 percent of China’s total territory.

10. 鼓励合营企业向中国境外销售产品。

A. An equity joint venture shall encourage to market its products outside China.

B. An equity joint venture shall encourage its products sold outside China.

C. An equity joint venture shall be encouraged to market its products outside China.

D. An equity joint venture shall be encouraged to market its products over China.

B. Directions: This part consists of five unfinished statements, each followed by four choices

marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes each statement.

11. 著名的“信、达、雅”翻译标准是我国近代翻译家______提出来的。

A. 林纾

B. 周煦良

C. 钱钟书

D. 严复

12. 关于语序的论述，下列说法中正确的是______。

A. 英语有时态，可以通过动词的变化显出动作发生的先后顺序，而且英语大量使用分词和

从句；而汉语叙事多靠并列结构，依靠各成分之间的顺序，尤其是时间顺序和逻辑顺序。

B. 英语叙事多靠并列结构，依靠各成分之间的顺序，尤其是时间顺序和逻辑顺序；而汉语

有时态，可以通过动词的变化显出动作发生的先后顺序，而且英语大量使用分词和从句。

C. 英语有时态，可以通过时间顺序和逻辑顺序显出动作发生的先后顺序，而且英语大量使

用分词和从句；而汉语叙事多靠并列结构，依靠各成分之间的顺序，尤其是动词的使用。

D. 英语有时态，可以通过并列结构，依靠各成分之间的顺序，尤其是动词的使用显出动作

发生的先后顺序，而且英语大量使用分词和从句；而汉语叙事多靠时间顺序和逻辑顺序。

13. 傅雷的翻译主张是______。

A. 重形似不重神似

B. 既重形似也重神似

C. 重神似不重形似

D. 既不重形似也不重神似

14. 下面关于Saint Jerome的翻译观点，正确的是______。

A. I have always aimed at translating sense, not words.

B. I have always aimed at translating words, not sense.

C. I have always aimed at translating both sense and words.

D. I have always aimed at translating neither sense nor words.

15. 原文：“I have seventy-two grandchildren, and if I were sad each time I parted from one of

them, I should have a dismal existence!”“Madre snaturale,”he replied.

译文：“我的孙子孙女有七十二个，要是每离开一个都要难过，我的生活可就太痛苦了。”

听了这话，老先生竟说，“这个做母亲的真怪呀！”

本句中画线部分运用的主要翻译方法是：______.

A. 反译

B. 减词

C. 增词

D. 省略

II. Words and phrases translation（20 points，1 point for each）

A. Directions: Put the following words and phrases into Chinese.

16. VIP

17. arteries of communication

18. annual flood

19. global economy

20. maternal grandmother

21. Gone with the Wind

22. in one’s early teens

23. the Arctic Ocean

24. to enact legislation

25. magnificent dinner

B. Directions: Put the following words and phrases into English.

26. 大思想家

27. 第一次世界大战

28. 文物

29. 宜农荒地

30. 儿童文学

31. 初冬

32. 中国大戏院

33. 可持续发展战略

34. 平等互利原则

35. 归根到底

III. Translation Revision（20 points，2 points for each）

A. Directions: Each of the following translated sentences is inadequate. Revise the given

versions.

Example:

原文：Adelaide enjoys a Mediterranean climate.

译文：阿德莱德享有地中海气候。

改译：阿德莱德属地中海气候。

36. 原文：The school education at the time could only dull an inventive mind.

译文：当时的学校教育只能让创造的心灵愚钝。

37. 原文：On behalf of all of your American guests, I wish to thank you for the incomparable

hospitality.

译文：代表你们的所有美国客人，我向你们表示感谢，感谢你们的无可比拟的盛情款待。

38. 原文：When he had climbed the hill above the field he looked back. He could see the white

shapes of the girls dancing on the grass.

译文：只要他爬上小山，就回头向下看。似乎能看到姑娘们的白色身影在草地上舞动。

39. 原文：The liver oil is given to those people who need certain vitamins.

译文：鱼肝油是给那些缺乏维生素的人服用的。

40. 原文：More than eight years have passed since Vice Premier Deng Xiaoping and I joined

hands to establish full diplomatic relations between our two nations.

译文：自从邓小平副总理和我共同建立我们两国之间的圆满外交关系以来，已经八年多了。

B. Directions: Each of the following translated sentences is inadequate. Revise the given

versions.

Example:

原文：中国在任何情况之下决不首先使用核武器。

译文：At no time China will be the first to use nuclear weapons.

改译：At no time will China be the first to use nuclear weapons.

41. 原文：孟母靠织布来维持生计。

译文：Meng’s mother lived on weaving.

42. 原文：祈年殿于1545年改建为一座镏金宝顶的三重檐圆殿。

译文：The Hall of Prayer for Good Harvest was rebuilt into round-shaped hall with triple eaves and gilded ball on the top in 1545.

43. 原文：我坐在宫门台阶上，欣赏宫门口那一座大花坛，花坛里栽的是红、黄、白、紫四

色分明的盛开的郁金香。

译文：I sat on the steps at the entrance of the palace, enjoying the big flower beds near the gate filled with blooming tulips of distinctive red, yellow, white and purple.

44. 原文：我从头到脚淋成个落汤鸡了。

译文：I was drenched from head to foot like a wet chick.

45. 原文：合营企业的一切活动应遵守中华人民共和国法律，法令和有关条例规定。

译文：All activities of a joint venture should comply with the provisions of the laws, decrees and pertinent regulations of the People’s Republic of China.

IV. Paragraph Translation (30 points)

A. Directions: Translate the following passage into Chinese. (15 points)

46. President Clinton realized — as all of us must —that today’s economy is global. We live

in an era in which information, goods and capital speed around the globe, every hour of every day. Whether we like it or not, all of our fortunes are tied together. We are truly interdependent.

America supports international trade because we believe fundamentally that trade will enrich those nations who embrace its discipline. The great promise of trade is its potential to promote mutual prosperity — and to strengthen the bonds between sovereign nations.

The U. S. and China both demonstrate the potential of trade to improve the lives of our people. You know better than I the great achievements of the Chinese economy over the past two decades.

B. Directions: Translate the following passage into English. (15 points)

47. 生命中不是只有快乐，也不是只有痛苦，快乐和痛苦是相生相成，互相衬托的。

快乐是一抹微云，痛苦是压城的乌云，这不同的云彩，在你生命的天边重叠着，在

“夕阳无限好”的时候，就给你造成一个美丽的黄昏。

一个生命到了“只是近黄昏”的时节，落霞也许会使人留恋，惆怅。但人类的生命是永不止息的。地球不停地绕着太阳自转。

总有一天你会渐渐明白，对自己笑的人不一定是真爱，对方表面的伪善是为博取信赖，暗里他可能会伺机将你伤害。

总有一天你会渐渐明白，不是所有人都对你心门敞开，即使你用善良和真心对待，有的人依然会悄悄将你出卖。

总有一天你会渐渐明白，哪怕你拿到了幸福的号码牌，命运之神也不一定对你温柔相待，你的余生仍有可能会被忧伤覆盖。

总有一天你会渐渐明白，人世间每个人都会有孽缘和无奈，有的人不值得你为他付出和慷慨，命中注定的灾祸你想躲也躲不开。

总有一天你会渐渐明白，不管你在人群中出不出彩，不管你对生活认真抑或懈怠，该来的一切总是会因你而来。

总有一天你会渐渐明白，人生总有预料不到的惊喜和意外，纵然你处在绝望的谷底和天台，转身就有可能看到晴天驱走阴霾。

总有一天你会渐渐明白，无论人生之路宽畅还是狭窄，如果你能用勇敢和坦然对待，一切困难都不是前进的阻碍。

天下总有地方是专属于你的舞台，你的江湖你才是真正的主宰，对于前尘和过往少问应不应该，无论何处你都要展现自己的风采。

别去管自己是不是栋梁人才，世上每个人都是特别的存在，无论你踏步于尘世内外，尽力和无悔才是对命运最好的交差。

这段时间，被电视剧《知否》刷屏了。明兰和顾二叔幸福甜蜜的婚姻，让不少网友唏嘘羡慕，有人说，“这部剧简直就是现代婚姻的教科书。”

剧中庶女出身，却高嫁侯府，被顾二叔万千宠爱的明兰，把一段很多人都不看好的婚姻，过成了最幸福的样子。

细细思量，与她身上鲜明而独特的三种品质是分不开的。

自信独立，不卑不亢

明兰嫁入侯府后，面对侯府小秦氏等人的挑衅，毫不胆怯。从巧妙应对顾家长辈的发难，到立院别住、人前立威，明兰都能靠着她的聪慧和果敢，不卑不亢地处理。

屡屡想出面维护明兰的顾廷烨，也被明兰的表现所惊喜到，连小秦氏也只能兀自生气感叹，“我真是小看了这个庶女，能演会装，识字记账都不在话下……”

在大多数女人都靠婚姻才能实现自我价值的宋代，明兰一直就看得通透，这实在难能可贵。

出阁前，她就对祖母说，“若为了在男人面前争一口饭吃，反倒把自己变成面目可憎的疯婆子，这一生多不划算”.结婚后，婢女问她，“若是侯爷心不在了该如何”?她坦然回答，“那我们便只有守住自己。”

对她而言，爱情，有，则锦上添花，没有，也没有关系。只要守住自己，亦能守住自己生命中的一方晴空。这样的女人，不管经历什么，也既能与男人比肩同行，又能独自傲然绽放。

去年很火的《我的前半生》里的罗子君，尽管以前的她穿金戴银，背名牌包，喷贵香水，过着养尊处优的生活，看似很有品位，实际上却恰恰相反。她所拥有的东西都是因为“陈太太”这个身份得来的，所以一旦失去了这个身份后，她变得一无所有。

后来她终于明白了这样的人生只是美丽的泡沫，浮华的表面，糟糠的内里。当她努力抛弃这种依附于人的生活后，成为独立的女性后，她的品位也渐渐浮现出来了，连职场精英贺涵都被吸引住了。

正如亦舒在书里也写到的那样，“没有任何人会成为，你以为的今生今世的避风港”.

幸福的婚姻，从来都不是谁攀缘了谁，不是谁滋养了谁，而是两个独立的个体，彼此独立，相互成就。

理解宽容，不急不躁

明兰的丈夫顾庭烨自幼失恃，深陷繁复驳杂的家事囹圄，他看似玩世不恭，不学无术，实则有勇有谋，重情重义。他自幼缺少母爱，受尽家族的白眼和欺凌，内心渴望家庭的安定和温暖。

顾廷烨建功立业后，外人只看重他的地位和富贵，而明兰，却明白他所有的艰辛和不易，她有礼有节地与小秦氏对抗，认真细致地看护经营着他用命搏来的家产，视如己出地教导蓉儿读书学习，支持顾廷烨去寻找流落在外的儿子昌儿，甚至大度地接受顾廷烨姑母送来的妾室，只为了能让夫君不被内室家务所烦扰，全心全力地拼事业。

明兰深知，每个人都有缺点，都有过去，但人总要向前看。她善解人意，不急不躁，大度地包容了他被人所鄙夷嘲笑的过去，用心地护着他心中重要的人，给了他一个安宁温馨的家。

这份理解和宽容，对深受家庭之苦的顾廷烨而言，极为可贵，因此，也让他对明兰的爱，更深了一层。

黄磊和孙莉算得上是娱乐圈的模范夫妻，在一起二十多年未曾红过脸。黄磊曾说过，“我太太这样的女人，其实不罕见，应该属于普及型。但在我心中，却是只此一款，不退不换。”

两人在相处的过程中也从不把爱当作理所当然，而是互相理解，互相体贴。婚后孙莉慢慢退出了演艺圈，将大半的精力放在了家庭和孩子身上。黄磊从不让孙莉进厨房，“家里有一个人会做饭就够了，我愿意为她做一辈子的饭。”正是双方将彼此的付出看在眼里，才会相互理解，相互支持，共同拥有了一段甜蜜的婚姻。

正如泰戈尔所说，“爱情是理解和体贴的别名”.

好的婚姻，就是双方在对彼此的理解和包容里，一次次地爱上。

懂得放弃，不怨不艾

剧情刚开始的时候，明兰就遇见了齐衡，身为平宁郡主的独子，齐衡注定是齐国公府未来的继承人。这个温润如玉的谦谦君子，对明兰一片痴心，明兰也在心底燃起了爱情的火花。

但是，邕王的女儿对齐衡一见倾心，为了让女儿得到今生至爱，邕王扣押了齐衡的父亲，并以此相逼，最后，齐衡只能无奈放手，两人也就此错过。

在初恋夭折时，明兰也哭过消沉过。但她深知，这样做是没有任何意义的，便又逼迫自己尽快振作了起来。

与顾庭烨结婚后，她便努力彻底忘掉了这段刻骨铭心的初恋，一心一意地与顾庭烨过日子。在齐衡多次在朝堂上参奏丈夫，屡惹事端的情况下，她更是勇敢教说齐衡，霸气护夫。

当一段恋情衰败的时候，她并没有把爱情看得比天高，为之寻死觅活，也没有执迷不悟，陷入自怨自艾的泥潭，而是懂得适时放手，努力过好自己以后的人生。她的这份睿智和对爱情的忠贞，也让丈夫顾庭烨爱她爱得更深。

每个人的人生，或许都会经历几段刻骨铭心的感情，但一旦机缘不再，不得不分开的时候，就一定要懂得放下过去，让心彻底归零，不要让自己陷入烦恼和忧伤的深渊，而是要勇敢自信地去面对一段新的生活。

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Unit1 A new study shows that dogs can detect if someone has cancer just by sniffing the person’s breath. Ordinary household dogs with only a few weeks of basic training learn to accurately distinguish between breath samples of lung- and breast-cancer patients and healthy subjects.One expert, who led the research, said, “Our study provides compelling evidence that cancers hidden beneath the skin can be detected simply by (dogs’) examining the odors of a person’s breath.” Early detection of cancers greatly improves a patient’s survival chances, and researchers hope that man’s best friend, the dog, can become an important tool in early screening. Unit 2 A research team recently replicated a bacterium’s genetic structure entirely from l aboratory chemicals, moving one step closer to creating the world’s first artificial organism. The researchers said, “It’s the second step of a three-step process to create a synthetic organism. But the final step could prove far more difficult.” Nonetheless, the research is pushing forward at a rapid pace. Last June, the team revealed details of an experiment in which researchers inserted the DNA of one species of bacterium into the cells of another. That process almost magically booted up the inserted genome. The research team hopes to use a similar trick to boot up the artificially created genome, so as to create a man-made living organism. Unit 3 In recent years, the psychologists from many countries banded together to do a research which indicated that continued income growth could make people apply themselves to an ongoing consumption race rather than promote overall happiness. Everyone has to spend more and more money in order to maintain a constant level of happiness. This is because our vanity and jealousy are functioning . The way to sort out them out is to cultivate the noble sentiment of being considerate and serving the society. People shouldn’t pin all their hopes on money. Instead , friends, family and work are also playing a very improtant role . Therefore, hapiness is not an inborn trait, but a talent which everyone can learn. Unit 4 I used to feel excited at teaching my students the elegant economic theories that could supposedly cure societal problems of all types. But what is the good of all my complex theories when people were dying of starvation on the sidewalks and porches across from my lecture hall? My lessons were like the American movies where the good guys always win. But when I emerged from the comfort of the classroom, I was faced with the reality of the city streets. Here good guys were mercilessly beaten and trampled. Daily life ws getting worse, and the poor were growing even poorer. Unit 5 No one thought that shy little Einstein would grow up to a prominent scientist. He was slow in learning to speak, and he often paused to consider what he would say during a conversation.In school, Albert Einstein was singled out by his teachers as a troublesome child because he liked to ask difficult strange questions. He did not like to memorize facts and rules, but was interested in what lay below the surface of things. When he was four or five years old, for instance, his father gave him a compass. Little Einstein was curious about the mysterious force that could keep a compass needle always pointing north, which prompted him to read widely in science. His real studies were mostly done at home by reading books on mathematics, physics, and philosophy. Unit 6 Most Americans have great vigor and enthusiasm. They prefer to discipline themselves rather than be disciplined by others. They pride themselves on their independence, their right to make their own minds. They tend to take the initiatives, even when there is a risk in doing so. They have courage and do not give in easily. They are considered sentimental. When they see a flag on ceremonial occasions, or attend parades celebrating Ame rica’s glorious past, tears may come to their eyes. They tend to be emotional at the reunions with family and friends, too. Sometimes, they can laugh at themselves and their country, while they will always remain intensely patriotic.

英语翻译题目和答案

汉译英专项练习 一、倍数增减的表示法 5 1) Force N1 _______________(比力N2大2.5倍). is 2.5 times greater than Force N2 （考点：倍数+形容词/副词比较级+ than） 2) This substance _______________(反应速度是另外那种物质的三倍). reacts three times as fast as the other one （考点：倍数+ as +形容词/副词+ as） 3) The earth _______________(是月球大小的49倍). is 49 times the size of the moon （考点：倍数+名词） 4) The landlord _______________(想将租金提高三分之一). wants to raise the rent by a third （考点：动词+ by +数词/百分比/倍数） 5) They _______________(计划将投资增加一倍). plan to double their investment （考点：double +名词） 二、时态6 1) Be quick, _______________(否则等我们到达教堂时婚礼就已经结束了). or the wedding will have finished by the time we get to the church （考点：将来完成时） 2) When she got home, _______________(孩子们已经睡着了). the children had fallen asleep （考点：过去完成时） 3) When I prepare for the college entrance examination, _______________(我姐姐将在海边度假). my sister will be taking her vacation at the seaside （考点：将来进行时） 4) I_______________(一上午都在修改我的简历). have been revising my resume all the morning （考点：现在完成进行时） 5) Do you often go on holiday? _______________(不，我已经有五年没有度假了). No. It has been five years since I went on holiday （考点：It has been…since sb. did sth.表示某人有多长时间没有做某事了） 6) He joined the army in October, 2001. _______________(他参军已五年了). He has been in the army for 5 years （考点：1.现在完成时；2.要用持续性动词才能接一段时间） 三、被动语态5 1) The blackboard and chalk _______________(正在被电脑和投影机所取代). is being replaced by the computer and the projector （考点：被动语态的现在进行时） 2) The book _______________(到今年年底就将已出版). will have been published by the end of this year （考点：被动语态的将来完成时）