高级英语视听说 2 chapter 4 听力原文及翻译

Chapter4 FamilyintheUnitedStates

A hundred years ago, one heard the same kinds of com ments about the Americanfamily that one hears today – in short, that the American family is disintegrating.Proo f of this disintegration at the end of the nineteenth centur y included three points :the declining birth rate, a rising divorce rate, and evidence that women were notcomplet ely content with their domestic role. It’s a little surprisin g to me that the sameclaim about the family is being ma de today –

that it is disintegrating. And often thesame points are m entioned as proof: declining birth rates , increasing divor ce rates ,and discontent of women with domestic roles. Now, in no way do I mean to implythat cultural, demogr aphic, and economic conditions are the same now as the y were100 years ago. On the contrary, the very nature of the family has changed drasticallyin the last 50 years, n ot to mention the last 100 years. But I don’t think the av erageperson’ s concept of the family has changed very much over the years. A lot ofpeoplehave one fixed idea of the family: a married couple where Mother stays hom e to carefor the children and Father works. But this idea is challenged by what we see everyday in the U.S. societ y. To be sure, the family is a very sensitive barometer fo r what ishappening in the society, the culture, and the ec onomy of the United States. To makethis point clearer, we’ll take a look at how the American family has chang ed in thelast 50 years by looking at three different time p

eriods: there are the mid-1940s to themid-

1 960s; the mid-60 to the mid-

80s; and finally the present. Sociologist BarbaraDafoe Whitehead labels theses three periods the period of tradi tional familism, theperiod of individualism, and the peri od of the new familism. I will try for each periodto show how economic , demographic, and cultural elements int eract and, in turn,affec t the family .

一百年前，一听到关于美国家庭的意见相同种类的人听到今天–

总之，美国家庭的解体。在第十九世纪末的这种分裂的证明包括三点：出生率下降，离婚率上升，并有证据表明，妇女没有完全满足其国内的作用。这一点令我惊讶，关于家庭相同的说法是，它是今天–

崩解。同样的观点也被提及为：出生率下降，离婚率上升，女性对家庭角色的不满。现在，我的意思是说，在100年前，文化、人口和经济条件是一样的。相反，在过去的50年里，家庭的性质发生了很大变化，而不是过去的100年。但我不认为普通人的家庭观念在过去几年里发生了很大变化。很多人都有一个固定的家庭观念：一对已婚夫妇，母亲留在家里照顾孩子和父亲的工作。但是这个想法在美国社会每天都在挑战着我们的社会。可以肯定的是，家庭是一个非常敏感的晴雨表，在

社会，文化和经济的美国发生了什么。为了使这一点更加清晰，我们将看看美国家庭已经从三个不同的时间段在过去的50年中发生了变化：有1940年代的mid-

60；到80年代中期；最后的礼物。社会学家巴巴拉达福怀特海标签这三个时期的传统家族主义时期，个人主义的时期，和新家庭主义时期。我将尝试在每个时期，展示如何经济，人口和文化因素的互动，反过来，影响家庭。

Well, let’ s proceed in chronological order and start with traditional familism. We ’ retalking here of the twenty y ears from the mid- 1 940s to the mid-

1960s. This was theperiod after World War II, a period c haracterized by a very strong economy. Thisgave the Un ited States a rising standard of living and a growing mid dle class.Demographically, the predominant configurati on of the family from the se years wasthe traditional one : a married couple with children. Some women worked, but divorcerates were low, and birth rates were high. I g uess you could say that the countryidealized the family i n these years, and what I mean is, there was a commitm ent to thefamily from its members and a reverence for it from society. TV programs of the eradepicted the family in the classical configuration: working father, house-wife, andchildren. Culturally, three characteristics stand out in this period: conformity to socialnorms , greater m ale domination of the family than in the later periods , a

nd clear-

cutgender roles, that is, clear and separate roles for men and women at home and atwork. Well, things changed q uite a bit after this period.

好吧，让我们按时间顺序，从传统的家族。我们在这里的二十年，从上世纪40年代中期到60年代中期。这是第二次世界大战后的时期，一个具有很强的经济周期。这给了美国一个日益增长的生活水平和不断增长的中产阶级。从人口统计学的角度看，从这些年来的家庭的主要结构是传统的：一对夫妇和孩子。有些妇女工作，但离婚率低，出生率高。我想你可能会说，这个国家在这几年里是理想化的，我的意思是，对家庭的承诺和对社会的崇敬。时代的电视节目描写了家庭中的古典形态：工作的父亲，妻子和孩子。文化上，这一时期的三个特点：符合社会规范，更大的男性统治的家庭比在以后的时期，明确的性别角色，即，明确和独立的角色，在家里和工作的男人和女人。嗯，在这段时间以后，事情发生了很大变化。

Let’ s move on to the second period, the period of indivi dualism. This period is fromthe mid- 1 960s to the mid- 1 980s. Now, because individualism is so often mention ed in

our discussion of U.S. culture and people, I should make a little detour here before wediscuss it. Individualism be

ings to mind two other words: independence and self-reliance . Individualism conveys the idea that one shoul d think and act for himself orherself, according to what one feels is right. Individualism is easily confused withe gotism or selfishness, but in its best sense, it is much mo re. Individualism impliesthat one has the freedom to dec ide what is best rather than allowing the decision to bem ade by a group such as the community of society. Indivi dualism does, of course,conflict with the concept of com munity, which implies that the group shares inmaking d ecisions. And this conflict between the individualism an d the community isone that comes up again and again in our lecture series about the Untied States. Allright, let’s get back to our discussion about the family.

让我们在第二个时期，个人主义时期。这一时期是从上世纪60年代中期到上世纪80年代中期。现在，因为个人主义是经常在我们的美国文化和人们讨论中提到的，我应该在这里做一个小小的迂回在我们讨论它。个人主义的精神，另一个词：独立和自我依赖。个人主义表达了一个人应该为自己或自己的想法和行为，根据一个人的感觉是正确的。个人主义与利己主义或自私很容易混淆，但在最好的意义上说，它更是。个人主义意味着你有自由决定什么是最好的，而不是让一个群体，如社会的社会。当然，个人主义与共同体的概念相冲突，这意味着在决策中的集团股份。个人与社会之间的这种

冲突是在我们的演讲系列中一次又一次出现在美国的演讲中。好吧，让我们回到我们讨论的家庭。

The second period, the period of individualism, saw thre e important social andpolitical movements. Do you have any idea which movements I might be talkingabout? Ke ep in mind that these decades were characterized by a la ck of conformity tosocial norms. Well, the movements I have in mind are the sexual revolution, in whichsex was clearly no longer reserved for marriage ; the women ’ s l iberation movement;and the movement against the war i n Vietnam. All the three movements –

the sexualrevolution, women ’ s liberation, and the anti war movement –

were typical of thenonconforming nature of these decad es. Now culturally, it is in this period where wesee two i mportant developments: one, the idealization of one’s ca reer and work and,two, the drive for self-

expression and self-

fulfillment. In this period, the feministmovement challen ged traditional gender roles and male domination of soci ety.Women began to enter professions previously closed to them like medicine, law, andmanagement. Men, for t heir part, began at least to consider a more active role in raising their children.

其次，个人主义时期，看到了三个重要的社会和政治运动。你有什么想法，我可能会说什么？记住这几十年的特点是缺乏符合社会规范的。嗯，我的想

法是性革命，在性生活中，性显然不再是为了婚姻而保留，妇女解放运动和反对越南战争的运动。所有的三个动作–性革命，妇女解放运动和反战运动–

是典型的不合格性质的这些年。现在的文化，正是在这个时期中，我们看到两个重要的进展：一、理想化的人的职业和工作，二、自我表现和自我实现的驱动。在这一时期，女权运动挑战了传统的性别角色和社会的男权统治。妇女开始进入职业以前关闭他们的药物，法律和管理。男人，因为他们的一部分，开始了至少在提高他们的孩子的积极作用。

These cultural changes occurred during a time of econo mic changes, too. This was atime of rapidly rising cost o f living. Together, these forces changed the demographi csof the family. The former picture of the family had onl y one configuration: a marriedcouple with children wher e Mother stayed home. The new picture of the family ha d toinclude new configurations , like families in which t he husband and wife both worked,familie s of single par ents with children, and families of cohabiting couples wi th orwithout children. With more women pursuing caree rs and making money, there wasless economic pressure for them to stay in an unsuitable marriage . Therefore, di vorcerates doubled in a decade . Rising divorce rate s an

d mor

e financial independence forwomen made marriag

e a le ss attractive arrangement for many women. Conse quently,the number o

f single-

parent households tripled. Les s conformity to social nor mspaved the way for cohabitation. So the number of un married couples living together inthis period quadrupled . Can you see how economic, cultural, and demographic aspectsof the society interact with each other? I hope so. Well, let’ s continue with ouragenda.

这些文化变迁发生在经济变化的时期。这是一个快速增长的生活成本的时代。这些力量共同改变了家庭的人口结构。前一张照片的家庭只有一个配置：一个已婚夫妇与孩子的母亲呆在家里。新的家庭照片要包括新的配置，如家庭中，丈夫和妻子都有工作，有孩子的单亲家庭，和同居有或没有孩子的家庭。随着越来越多的女性追求事业和赚钱，他们在婚姻中不存在经济压力。因此，在十年内离婚率翻了一番。离婚率的上升以及女性的经济独立性使许多妇女对婚姻的吸引力不

太大。因此，单亲家庭的数量翻了三倍。社会规范的不整合为同居铺平了道路。所以未婚同居这一时期的四倍。你能看到社会的经济、文化和人口方面的互动吗？我希望如此。好吧，让我们继续我们的日程。

The third period, the new familism, is harder to see beca use we are living in thisperiod now. And because we are constantly informed by the media about thedeterioratin g American family, it’ s hard to get an objective view of

the state of thefamily. I think that today most people ap plaud the social changes that came about inthe second p eriod of individualism. They are not willing to give up g ender equality,the freedom to leave an unsuitable marria ge, or the self-

fulfillment of an interestingjob. At the same time, most experts, if not most people, admit that children paid ahig h price for the social changes that took place in the seco nd period. It was thechildren who spent long days in day care or after-

school hours home alone while bothparents worked. An d it was the children who grew up with only one parent or withstepparents in many cases .

第三阶段，新的家族，是很难看到的因为我们是生活在这个时期的现在。因为我们经常被媒体告知美国家庭的不断恶化，很难得到一个客观的家庭的状态观。我认为，今天大多数人都为在个人主义的第二个时期所带来的社会变革而鼓掌喝彩。他们不愿意放弃两性平等，离开不合适的婚姻，或自我实现有趣的工作的自由。同时，大多数专家，如果不是大多数的人，承认，孩子们付出了很高的价格为社会变化，发生在二期。这是孩子们在一天一天的照顾或放学后独自回家，同时父母都在工作。这是孩子们在成长过程中只有一个父母或继父母在很多情况下。

Some experts see changes occurring now in U.S. society

, changes that affect thefamily. They see a continuing de cline in divorce rates since the 1980s but also adecline i n birth rates after an initial increase in the 1 980s. The d ecline in divorce ratescould be due to families’ better fin ancial situations. Despite the decline in divorce, aquarter of U.S. children today live with only one parent. The bi rth rate is probablydeclining because an increasing life s pan results in fewer women of childbearing age .A more encouraging reason is the reduction in unmarried teen p regnancies . Expertsalso report an attempt by people to b alance work with family obligations, especiallythe care of children. They see the individualism of the middle pe riod changingsomewhat; the concern seems in many cas es to be shifting from one’ s career to one’sfamily, from individualism to the new familism. The most optimistic view of thisthird period would be that Americans have l earned from past mistakes : they want toregain the com mitment to family of the first period and keep the equalit y and

fulfillment of the second period. It will not be easy to re gain the commitment to thefamily of the first period. It will require changes in how society and the governmentl ook at the family. In families where both parents work, one parent may try to work athome or work only part-time to have more time for the children. Places of work mayoffer more flexible working hours and on-

site day care to allow more time for parentsand children. For its part, the government could mandate parental lea ve, familyallowances, and quality day-

care centers. Parental leave and family allowances woul dallow parents to stay home to look after their new-born children. Quality day carewould be adequately staf fed by profes sionals who stay at their j obs and with the samechildren year after year.

一些专家看到美国社会现在发生的变化，影响了家庭的变化。从上世纪80年代开始，他们看到离婚率持续下降，出生率也在20世纪80年代初增长后下降，离婚率下降可能是由于家庭经济状况更好。尽管离婚率下降，但今天一个美国儿童的生活中只有一个父母。出生率很可能是因为在生育年龄越少的育龄妇女，生育率会下降。更令人鼓舞的原因是未婚少女怀孕的减少。专家还报告了人们试图平衡与家庭责任，特别是照顾孩子的工作。他们看到中期略有变化的个人主义；关注似乎在许多情况下，可以从一个人的职业生涯的一个家庭的转变，从个人主义到新的家族。这第三个时期最乐观的看法是，美国人从过去的错误中吸取了教训：他们希望重新获得第一阶段的承诺，并保持二段时期的平等和满足感。这将不容易恢复的第一个时期的家庭的承诺。这将需要社会和政府的变化如何看待家庭。在父母工作的家庭中，父母可以尝试在家里工作，或者只做兼职工作，有更多的时间为孩子们工作。工作场所可以提供更灵活的工作时间和现场的照顾，让父母和孩子有更多的时间。政府可以命令父母的

休假，家庭津贴，和质量日间护理中心。产假和家庭津贴会让父母留在家里照顾他们新生的孩子。优质的一天护理工作人员将有足够的工作人员留在他们的工作，并与同一个孩子年复一年。

None of these changes is guaranteed. But it seems clear that such changes or similarones are necessary to ensure a healthier U. S. family in the future; and, a healthierfa mily is needed to play the central role that family does i n every society. I’ve gone

over a lot here, but if you want to pursue the topic furthe r, there are some referencesat the end ofthe lesson to hel p you do so.

这些变化没有保证。但很显然，这些变化或类似的变化是必要的，以确保一个健康的美国家庭在未来，和一个更健康的家庭是必要的，发挥核心作用，家庭在每个社会。我在这里已经走了很多，但是如果你想进一步地去追求这个话题，在课程结束时有一些参考资料可以帮助你。

Chapter4 FamilyintheUnitedStates

A hundred years ago, one heard the same kinds of com ments about the Americanfamily that one hears today – in short, that the American family is disintegrating.Proo f of this disintegration at the end of the nineteenth centur y included three points :the declining birth rate, a rising

divorce rate, and evidence that women were notcomplet ely content with their domestic role. It’s a little surprisin g to me that the sameclaim about the family is being ma de today –

that it is disintegrating. And often thesame points are m entioned as proof: declining birth rates , increasing divor ce rates ,and discontent of women with domestic roles. Now, in no way do I mean to implythat cultural, demogr aphic, and economic conditions are the same now as the y were100 years ago. On the contrary, the very nature of the family has changed drasticallyin the last 50 years, n ot to mention the last 100 years. But I don’t think the av erageperson’ s concept of the family has changed very much over the years. A lot ofpeoplehave one fixed idea of the family: a married couple where Mother stays hom e to carefor the children and Father works. But this idea is challenged by what we see everyday in the U.S. societ y. To be sure, the family is a very sensitive barometer fo r what ishappening in the society, the culture, and the ec onomy of the United States. To makethis point clearer, we’ll take a look at how the American family has chang ed in thelast 50 years by looking at three different time p eriods: there are the mid-1940s to themid-

1 960s; the mid-60 to the mid-

80s; and finally the present. Sociologist BarbaraDafoe Whitehead labels theses three periods the period of tradi tional familism, theperiod of individualism, and the peri od of the new familism. I will try for each periodto show

how economic , demographic, and cultural elements int eract and, in turn,affec t the family .

一百年前，一听到关于美国家庭的意见相同种类的人听到今天–

总之，美国家庭的解体。在第十九世纪末的这种分裂的证明包括三点：出生率下降，离婚率上升，并有证据表明，妇女没有完全满足其国内的作用。这一点令我惊讶，关于家庭相同的说法是，它是今天–

崩解。同样的观点也被提及为：出生率下降，离婚率上升，女性对家庭角色的不满。现在，我的意思是说，在100年前，文化、人口和经济条件是一样的。相反，在过去的50年里，家庭的性质发生了很大变化，而不是过去的100年。但我不认为普通人的家庭观念在过去几年里发生了很大变化。很多人都有一个固定的家庭观念：一对已婚夫妇，母亲留在家里照顾孩子和父亲的工作。但是这个想法在美国社会每天都在挑战着我们的社会。可以肯定的是，家庭是一个非常敏感的晴雨表，在

社会，文化和经济的美国发生了什么。为了使这一点更加清晰，我们将看看美国家庭已经从三个不同的时间段在过去的50年中发生了变化：有1940年代的mid-

60；到80年代中期；最后的礼物。社会学家巴巴拉达福怀特海标签这三个时期的传统家族主义时期，个人主义的时期，和新家庭主义时期。我将尝试在每个时期，展示如何经济，人口和文化因素的互动，反过来，影响家庭。

Well, let’ s proceed in chronological order and start with traditional familism. We ’ retalking here of the twenty y ears from the mid- 1 940s to the mid-

1960s. This was theperiod after World War II, a period c haracterized by a very strong economy. Thisgave the Un ited States a rising standard of living and a growing mid dle class.Demographically, the predominant configurati on of the family from the se years wasthe traditional one : a married couple with children. Some women worked, but divorcerates were low, and birth rates were high. I g uess you could say that the countryidealized the family i n these years, and what I mean is, there was a commitm ent to thefamily from its members and a reverence for it from society. TV programs of the eradepicted the family in the classical configuration: working father, house-wife, andchildren. Culturally, three characteristics stand out in this period: conformity to socialnorms , greater m ale domination of the family than in the later periods , a nd clear-

cutgender roles, that is, clear and separate roles for men and women at home and atwork. Well, things changed q uite a bit after this period.

好吧，让我们按时间顺序，从传统的家族。我们在这里的二十年，从上世纪40年代中期到60年代中期。这是第二次世界大战后的时期，一个具有很强的经济周期。这给了美国一个日益增长的生活水平和不断增长的中产阶级。从人口统计学的角度看，从这些年来的家庭的主要结构是传统的：一对夫妇和孩子。有些妇女工作，但离婚率低，出生率高。我想你可能会说，这个国家在这几年里是理想化的，我的意思是，对家庭的承诺和对社会的崇敬。时代的电视节目描写了家庭中的古典形态：工作的父亲，妻子和孩子。文化上，这一时期的三个特点：符合社会规范，更大的男性统治的家庭比在以后的时期，明确的性别角色，即，明确和独立的角色，在家里和工作的男人和女人。嗯，在这段时间以后，事情发生了很大变化。

Let’ s move on to the second period, the period of indivi dualism. This period is fromthe mid- 1 960s to the mid- 1 980s. Now, because individualism is so often mention ed in

our discussion of U.S. culture and people, I should make a little detour here before wediscuss it. Individualism be ings to mind two other words: independence and self-reliance . Individualism conveys the idea that one shoul d think and act for himself orherself, according to what one feels is right. Individualism is easily confused withe gotism or selfishness, but in its best sense, it is much mo

re. Individualism impliesthat one has the freedom to dec ide what is best rather than allowing the decision to bem ade by a group such as the community of society. Indivi dualism does, of course,conflict with the concept of com munity, which implies that the group shares inmaking d ecisions. And this conflict between the individualism an d the community isone that comes up again and again in our lecture series about the Untied States. Allright, let’s get back to our discussion about the family.

让我们在第二个时期，个人主义时期。这一时期是从上世纪60年代中期到上世纪80年代中期。现在，因为个人主义是经常在我们的美国文化和人们讨论中提到的，我应该在这里做一个小小的迂回在我们讨论它。个人主义的精神，另一个词：独立和自我依赖。个人主义表达了一个人应该为自己或自己的想法和行为，根据一个人的感觉是正确的。个人主义与利己主义或自私很容易混淆，但在最好的意义上说，它更是。个人主义意味着你有自由决定什么是最好的，而不是让一个群体，如社会的社会。当然，个人主义与共同体的概念相冲突，这意味着在决策中的集团股份。个人与社会之间的这种冲突是在我们的演讲系列中一次又一次出现在美国的演讲中。好吧，让我们回到我们讨论的家庭。

The second period, the period of individualism, saw thre e important social andpolitical movements. Do you have any idea which movements I might be talkingabout? Ke

ep in mind that these decades were characterized by a la ck of conformity tosocial norms. Well, the movements I have in mind are the sexual revolution, in whichsex was clearly no longer reserved for marriage ; the women ’ s l iberation movement;and the movement against the war i n Vietnam. All the three movements –

the sexualrevolution, women ’ s liberation, and the anti war movement –

were typical of thenonconforming nature of these decad es. Now culturally, it is in this period where wesee two i mportant developments: one, the idealization of one’s ca reer and work and,two, the drive for self-

expression and self-

fulfillment. In this period, the feministmovement challen ged traditional gender roles and male domination of soci ety.Women began to enter professions previously closed to them like medicine, law, andmanagement. Men, for t heir part, began at least to consider a more active role in raising their children.

其次，个人主义时期，看到了三个重要的社会和政治运动。你有什么想法，我可能会说什么？记住这几十年的特点是缺乏符合社会规范的。嗯，我的想法是性革命，在性生活中，性显然不再是为了婚姻而保留，妇女解放运动和反对越南战争的运动。所有的三个动作–性革命，妇女解放运动和反战运动–

是典型的不合格性质的这些年。现在的文化，正是在这个时期中，我们看到两个重要的进展：一、理

想化的人的职业和工作，二、自我表现和自我实现的驱动。在这一时期，女权运动挑战了传统的性别角色和社会的男权统治。妇女开始进入职业以前关闭他们的药物，法律和管理。男人，因为他们的一部分，开始了至少在提高他们的孩子的积极作用。

These cultural changes occurred during a time of econo mic changes, too. This was atime of rapidly rising cost o f living. Together, these forces changed the demographi csof the family. The former picture of the family had onl y one configuration: a marriedcouple with children wher e Mother stayed home. The new picture of the family ha d toinclude new configurations , like families in which t he husband and wife both worked,familie s of single par ents with children, and families of cohabiting couples wi th orwithout children. With more women pursuing caree rs and making money, there wasless economic pressure for them to stay in an unsuitable marriage . Therefore, di vorcerates doubled in a decade . Rising divorce rate s an

d mor

e financial independence forwomen made marriag

e a le ss attractive arrangement for many women. Conse quently,the number o

f single-

parent households tripled. Les s conformity to social nor mspaved the way for cohabitation. So the number of un married couples living together inthis period quadrupled . Can you see how economic, cultural, and demographic aspectsof the society interact with each other? I hope so. Well, let’ s continue with ouragenda.

这些文化变迁发生在经济变化的时期。这是一个快速增长的生活成本的时代。这些力量共同改变了家庭的人口结构。前一张照片的家庭只有一个配置：一个已婚夫妇与孩子的母亲呆在家里。新的家庭照片要包括新的配置，如家庭中，丈夫和妻子都有工作，有孩子的单亲家庭，和同居有或没有孩子的家庭。随着越来越多的女性追求事业和赚钱，他们在婚姻中不存在经济压力。因此，在十年内离婚率翻了一番。离婚率的上升以及女性的经济独立性使许多妇女对婚姻的吸引力不

太大。因此，单亲家庭的数量翻了三倍。社会规范的不整合为同居铺平了道路。所以未婚同居这一时期的四倍。你能看到社会的经济、文化和人口方面的互动吗？我希望如此。好吧，让我们继续我们的日程。

The third period, the new familism, is harder to see beca use we are living in thisperiod now. And because we are constantly informed by the media about thedeterioratin g American family, it’ s hard to get an objective view of the state of thefamily. I think that today most people ap plaud the social changes that came about inthe second p eriod of individualism. They are not willing to give up g ender equality,the freedom to leave an unsuitable marria ge, or the self-

fulfillment of an interestingjob. At the same time, most

新世纪大学英语视听说第二册听力原文

新世纪大学英语视听说教程2的listening 原文 Unit One, Book 2 Listening 2 Just a few old keepsakes Boy: Hey, Grandma, what’s in this box Grandma: Oh, nothing really… Just a few old keepsakes. B: Keepsakes G: Young man, you know what a keepsake is! B: No, I don’t. I really don’t. G: Well, it’s something you keep. It’s something that gives you a lot of memories. B: Oh. What’s this G: Now don’t go just digging around in there! ... Hmmm, let’s see…. that’s my first diary. B: Can I…. G: No, you can’t read it! It’s personal! I wrote about my first boyfriend in there. He became your grandfather! B: Oh, ok…. Well then, what’s that It has your picture in it. G: That’s my passport. Y ou can see, I traveled to Europe by ship. B: What’s that big book G: My yearbook. It’s my high school book of memories. B: Class of 1961! Boy, that’s old! G: That’s about enough out of you, young man. I think it’s time we put this box away and… Listening 3 My first trip alone At the age of thirteen, I took my first trip alone. I went to visit my grandparents in Los Angeles. I felt very nervous about traveling so far, but my mother said, “Don’t worry. You’ll be fine.” I got on the airplane and talked for a long time to a very nice woman who sat next to me. My grandparents met me at the airport and took me to their home. I stayed there for two weeks, and I had so much fun with them! It was my first time in Los Angeles, and I saw lots of really interesting places. In the end, I didn’t want to go home! Listening 4Making memories A popular new hobby is scrapbooking---making beautiful books to hold

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李明是学化学的，性格开朗幽默，颇有魅力，但英语成绩不佳，每次只能勉强及格。老师警告他，英语不好会阻碍他拿奖学金，并亮出了自己的王牌：如果李明不努力，就让他考试不过关。老师还告诉他，学习英语不能只为了文凭，否则他即使大学毕业，也还是个半文盲。李明虽然保持镇定，但他明白，他的学业生涯正在攸关之际，必须安心下来埋头学习，坚持不懈。 Li Ming was a chemistry major, a charmer noted for his easygoing and humorous temperament. However, his English was so poor that he always barely got by. The teacher admonished him that his poor English would be an impediment to scholarship. What’s more, she showed her trump card: if Li Ming did not work hard. She would flunk him. He was also told that he should not learn English merely for the sake of his diploma, otherwise, even after graduation from university, he would still be semiliterate. Although Li Ming did not lose his composure, he was well aware that he had to settle down to work and follow through because his academic life was at stake. Unit 2 我的朋友琳达接受过良好的教育，既美丽又端庄，三十好几依然没有人向她求婚。究其原因，她的事业心极强，整日扑在工作上，每天来往于住处和公司之间，根本没有时间和异性交往。一想到女儿这么大了还单身一人，她父母就焦虑不安。他们不知道该如何是好，甚至还去咨询一些社会学专家。但是事情在上个月出现了转机，公司的总部调琳达到培训部。在新的工作岗位上，琳达遇到了第一个触动她心弦的男人。从此，他们几乎每天约会，琳达意识到她会不顾一切地爱这个男人。决定嫁人的时候，她告诉了我这个好消息。虽然琳达的爱情让人想起电影中才会有的浪漫故事，我也担忧未来究竟会怎样，但我还是表达了我由衷的祝福，并爽快答应在婚礼那天做他们的伴娘和伴郎随从中的一员。 Linda, my good friend, has received good education and is both beautiful and elegant. She was not proposed to even when she was well over thirty. The reason is that she, as a career –oriented woman, is devoted to her work. Navigating between home and the company, she had hardly any time to socialize with people of the opposite sex. Her parents were gripped by anxiety at the thought of their daughter still remaining single at such an age. They did not know what to do and even consulted with some sociologists. But the situation began to change last month, when the headquarters of the company transferred Linda to the training department. On the new post, Linda met a man who tugged on her heartstrings for the first time. Ever since then, they dated virtually on a daily basis, and Linda realized that she would love the man beyond all reason. When she decided to take the matrimonial plunge, she informed me. Though Linda’s love is reminiscent of the romance that we see only in movies and I don’t know what the future will hold for her, I give her my heart-felt wishes and agree readily to be a member of the entourage of bridesmaids and groomsmen.

新编大学英语4课文翻译(包括课后文章翻译)和答案

Reading comprehension 1略 2 BDCAC AADBB Vocabulary 1. 1) A. entertaining B. entertainment C. entertained D. entertainer 2) A. recognizable B. recognized C. recognition 3) A. tempting B. temptation C. tempt 4) A. reasoned B. reasoning C. reasonable D. reason 5) A. analyzed B. analytical C. analyst D. analysis 6) A. valuable B. valuation C. valued/values D. values 7) A. humorist B. humor C. humorous D. humorless 8) A. understandable B. understanding C. understand D. misunderstood 2. 1) a sense of responsibility 2) a sense of safety/security 3) a sense of inferiority 4) a sense of superiority 5) a sense of rhythm 6) a sense of justice 7) a sense of shame 8) a sense of helplessness 9) a sense of direction 10) a sense of urgency 3. 1) Lively behavior is normal 2) Fast cars appeal to 3) diverse arguments 4) I asked my boss for clarification 5) sensitive to light 6) Mutual encouragement 7) made fun of him 8) persists in his opinion/viewpoint 9) to be the focus/center of attention 10) we buy our tickets in advance 4. 1）certain/sure 2) involved 3) end 4) behavior 5) disciplining 6) agreed 7) individually 8) first 9) response 10) question 11) attempt 12) voice 13) directly 14) followed 15) trouble Unit 2 便笺的力量 Reading comprehension 1略 2 FFTFTFTFTTFTFT Vocabulary 1. Creating Compound Words

新标准大学英语综合教程4__课后答案

应Key to book4 unit1-4 Unit 1 Active reading (1) Looking for a job after university? First, get off the sofa Reading and understanding Dealing with unfamiliar words 3 Match the words in the box with their definitions. 1 to make progress by moving to the next stage in a series of actions or events (proceed) 2 the process of changing from one situation, form or state to another (transition) 3 not feeling involved with someone or something in a close or emotional way (detached) 4 referring to something which will happen soon (upcoming) 5 to be sitting still in a position that is not upright (slump) 6 to return to a previous state or way of behaving (revert) 7 to say what happened (recount) 4 Complete the paragraph with the correct form of the words in Activity 3. It isn‘t easy to make the (1) transition from a busy university student to an unemployed young adult (2) slumped on a bar stool or half watching a mindless television show, wondering if and how their career is going to (3) proceed. Many people who have experienced a long period of inactivity like this, when (4) recounting how they felt at the time, refer to the same strange psychological effect. As the days pass, they begin to feel (5) detached from any sense of pressure to go and look for a job, and tend to regard (6) upcoming interviews as if they were not very important. Typically, back at home after three or four years away, they (7) revert to old habits, start seeing old friends, and, in many cases, become dependent again on their parents. 5 Replace the underlined words with the correct form of the words in the box. You may need to make other changes. 1 I went to a mixed-ability secondary school just outside London. (comprehensive) 2 I got stopped by a policeman who asked to see my driving licence. (cop) 3 Have you seen this beautiful from the air view of Oxford? (aerial) 4 Isabel tightly her bag as she walked down the corridor towards the office. (clutched) 5 You should speak to Toby; he‘s an supporter of flexible working hours. (advocate) 6 I hurt my leg badly a couple of months ago, and it still hasn‘t got better completely. (healed) 6 Answer the questions about the words. 1 Is a dead-end job one with (a) exciting prospects, or (b) no future? 2 Is a tricky problem (a) difficult, or (b) easy to solve? 3 If an activity saps all your energy, do you feel (a) tired, or (b) more active than usual? 4 Does a pushy person try to (a) persuade you to do something you don‘t want to, or (b) help you by listening to what you have to say? 5 If you feel apathy, do you want to (a) change the world, or (b) stay at home and do nothing? 7 Answer the questions about the phrases.

大学英语视听说2Unit5听力原文

Unit5 Ⅰ.Lead-in 1.People keep pets for a variety of reasons. Some feel lonely and need company. Other people keep pets for security. Still others buy pets just to be in fashion. Finally, some people keep animals at home just out of love or pity. Their hearts are full of love, which pours out naturally for animals as well as humans. 2.Most people prefer dogs to cats. Dogs are more loyal to their owners than cats are. Also, dogs are more intelligent than cats. They can carry out human instructions and perform fairly complicated functions. Moreover, with its strength and agility, the dog is capable of protecting the house and its master. However, I wouldn't go as far as to claim that cats are worthless. Thanks to their soft fur, meek tempers and cute faces, they are often ladies' favorites. 3.It's hard to arrive at a conclusion on this question. It is obvious that if a pet like a cat is kept in the apartment without much chance of going out, it looks sad and inactive. Without proper physical exercise and enough exposure to the sun, it tends to become weak. However, they also have their compensation. In a human household pets are normally well fed. I should like to point out that a pet's intelligence is also an important factor. A dog or a cat may be intelligent enough to feel lonely, but I doubt whether less intelligent animals like a tortoise or fish can feel the difference between the human home and the wild or whether they can develop a feeling of loneliness, sadness or homesickness. In any case, a human home can provide them with better living conditions. 4.In my opinion, it is all right for us to eat meat such as pork, beef and chicken. To explain this, let me quote from the movie "The Lion King". The father lion tells his son that it is all right for them to eat the antelope: "When we die, our bodies become the grass. And the antelope eat the grass. And so we are all connected in the great Circle of Life." In the case of dog meat, people's opinions seem to vary. I think with the progress of human civilization and improvement of the living standards, we should discard the habit of eating dogs, since they are so intelligent and so loyal to us. Ⅲ.Listening In Task1:Dogs aren't allowed here! Manager: I'm sorry, Miss, but dogs aren't allowed in this theater. Mary: But I have a ticket for him. Manager: I'm very sorry, but animals aren't permitted. Mary: You don't understand. This is a special case. My dog is so well-trained and so intelligent that he's almost human. Manager: I see that you have an exceptional animal, but... Mary: I promise you that if there is any problem we'll leave the theater immediately. I promise you that this dog isn't like any other dog you've ever seen. Manager: Well... all right. I'll let you go in, since the theater is almost empty tonight. But your dog will have to behave himself, or you will have to leave. Mary: Thank you very much. Task2:Put the cat out!

基础综合英语_1-5单元课后翻译

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