综合英语教程4第三版课后翻译答案

综合英语教程第三版4 邹为诚主编

第二单元p37

1.玛丽看到一个贼眉鼠眼的男人走进邻居家里。shifty

Mary saw a shifty-eyed man walking into a neighbor’s house.

2.鲍勃总是嘲笑我对服饰的眼光。sneer at

Bob always sneers at my taste in clothes.

3.打探别人的秘密是不礼貌的。pry

It is impolite to pry into other’s secrets.

4.我想克里斯想要抢我的饭碗。be after sth

I think Chris is after my job.

5.她看到克里斯给他使的眼色，说话的声音便越来越小了。trail off

She trailed off, silenced by the look Chris gave her.

6.那些树枝干而易断。brittle

The branches were dry and brittle.

7.收音机老是发出噼里啪啦的声响，我们几乎听不清里面说些什么。crackle

The radio cracked so much that we could hardly hear what was said. 8.地面向海倾斜。slope

The land slopes down to the sea.

9.他的口袋里鼓鼓囊囊的塞满了钞票。bulge

His pockets were bulging with money.

10.我不得不和出租车司机就车费讨价还价。haggle

I had to haggle with the taxi driver over the fare.

第三单元p58

1. 这样的好机会千载难逢。once in a blue moon

An opportunity as good as this arises/occurs only once in a blue mo on.

2. 这个孩子因为私自拿了母亲包里的钱而觉得十分愧疚。guilty of

The boy felt guilty for taking money from his mother’s handbag with out permission.

3. 她知道他的话一句真的也没有。give credence to

She did not give credence to a single word of his story.

4. 一般来说，老师对学生的错误都比较宽容。be tolerant of

Generally speaking, teachers are tolerant of their students’ mistakes.

5. 我想当然地以为你会跟我们一起来，于是就给你买了票。take… for granted

I took it for granted that you’d want to come with us, so I boug ht you a ticket.

6. 由于经理的不断劝导，工作人员很快就改掉了迟到的坏习惯。break the habit Thanks to the manager’s repeated counseling, the staff soon broke th

e bad habit o

f comin

g late to work.

7. 他现在对她发火，但不久会原谅她的。这只是几小时的事，仅此而已。a matter of, that’s all

He’s furious with her now, but he’ll forgive her soon. It’s just/ only a matter of a few hours, that’s all.

第四单元p78

第一部分

1. 只有通过调查我们才有发言权。(only)

Only after investigation can we have the right to speak.

2. 我们绝不应当盲从。(on no account)

On no account should we follow others blindly.

3. 他绝不是担任这项工作的最佳人选。(by no means)

By no means is he the best person for the job.

4. 第一次成功绝非是最后的胜利。(in no way)

In no way was the success in the first round the ultimate/final vic tory.

5. 别处找不到这样美丽的景色。(nowhere)

Nowhere else could one find such beautiful scenery.

6. 他曾多次给了我忠告。(many a time)

Many a time has he given me good advice.

7. 献身于祖国现代化的人是幸福的。(happy)

Happy is he who dedicates his life to modernization of his motherlan d/country.

第二部分p79

1. 他没当成歌星，却成了一位十分成功的商人。make it

He failed to make it as a pop singer, but he turned out to be a successful businessman.

2. 电影中的动人情节紧紧地抓住了观众的心。capture one’s heart

The thrilling plot of the movie captured the hearts of the audience.

3. 公司要关心的事务之一是确保员工的安全。one’s concern

One of the company’s main concerns is to ensure the safety of its employees.

4. 退休的总统不愿放弃他的特权。let go of

The retired president was unwilling to let go of his privileges.

5. 南茜感到热泪涌入了眼眶。well up

Nancy could feel hot tears welling up in her eyes.

6. 加强我们关系的最好办法不是赠送礼物，而是坦诚地交换意见。strengthen one’s bond

The best way to strengthen our bond is not to give gifts but to e xchange our opinions frankly.

7. 如果像这样开车，你最终要进医院。end up

You’ll end up in the hospital if you drive your car like this.

8.虽然我们没表露出什么，但实际上我们很为她的安全担心。in truth

In truth we feared for her safety, although we didn’t

let it be known.

第五单元p100

1.如果你不付全部现金，可以用分期付款的方式来买车。on credit

If you can’t afford to pay in cash, you can buy the car on credi t.

2.我说过要帮他，而这也是我想要做的。我会可守诺言的。keep one’s word

I said I’d help him and that’s what I’m going to do. I shall k eep my word.

3. 我与这家公司休戚相关，不愿看到他破产。have a stake in something

I’ve a stake in this company and don’t wish to see it go bankrup t.

4. 随着工业生产的发展，旧的封建制度开始崩溃。fall apart

With the development of industrial production, the old feudal system began to fall apart.

5. 他很能干，把农场搞得井井有条。keep something straight

He is very competent and keeps everything straight on the farm.

6. 新的教学体制旨在把学习更多课程的主动权交给学生。give somebody the initiative The new educational system aims to give the students the initiative to learn more subjects.

7. 在旅行出发之前先要把我们的车子调整好。tune up

Before starting on our trip we should tune the car up.

第六单元

第一部分p118

1. 他们定于下月举行婚礼。

They are to have their wedding next month.

2.他因为作出了重大发现而将接受祝贺。

He is to be congratulated on his brilliant discovery.

3. 要是明天下雨，比赛就得推迟。（说话者认为下雨的可能性很小）

If it were to rain tomorrow, the match would be postponed.

4.别灰心，最好的还在后面。

Do not despair. The best is yet to come.

5. 那是在1550年，他决定第二次航行到美洲新大陆去。

That was in was to sail to the New World of America in the foll owing year. (future in the past)

6. 你们不应当在阅览室内讲话。

You are not to talk in the reading room.

7. 新的交通规则必须得到遵守。

The new traffic regulations are to be observed.

8. 远征之前路线应该事先计划好。

The route is to be planned before the expedition.

第二部分p120

1. 女房东告诉我租金必须先付。in advance

The landlady told me that the rent must be paid in advance.

2. 虽然这家公司鼓吹他们的产品要比其他公司的好，但实际上他们的质量不如人家。superior, inferior

Although this company boasts that its products are superior to those of other companies, they are actually inferior in quality.

3. 最根本的问题是他们缺少兴趣。at the root of

What lies at the root of the problem is their lack of interest.

4. 警方访问了一些目击者，但无人能说清楚这事故是怎么发生的。come about

The police interviewed several witnesses, but none of them could tell how the accident came about.

5. 百货商店的新楼不符合安全条例。conform to

The new building of the department store does not conform to the sa fety regulations.

6. 她从集邮中得到了很大的满足。derive … from

She derived great satisfaction from her stamp collection.

7. 五彩的气球和旗帜为这个小城增添了节日气氛。add to

Colorful balloons and flags added to the festive atmosphere of the s mall town.

8. 金钱很重要，可是幸福并不总是和财富联系在一起的。associate … with

Money is very important, but happiness is not always associated with wealth.

第七单元

第一部分p137

1.他居然当众说谎，实在丢脸。It is a disgrace that …

It is a disgrace that he (should) lie in public.

2.他会如此不高兴，令人遗憾。It is a pity …

It is a pity that he should be so upset.

3. 恼人的是我竟把票给忘了。It is a nuisance that …

It is a nuisance that I should have forgotten my ticket.

4. 我们的野餐让一场雨给搅了，真可惜。It is a shame that …

It is a shame that our picnic should be spoiled by the rain.

5. 你务必参加这个会议。It is essential that …

It is essential that you should attend the meeting.

6. 我们应该跟上世界的最新发展，这是很重要的。It is important that …

It is important that we should keep up with the most recent develop ments in the world.

7. 大学生懂一点计算机有好处。It is desirable that …

It is desirable that university students should know how to work wit

h computers.

8. 真奇怪，他竟不通知我们就走了。It is strange that …

It is strange that he should have gone away without letting us know .

第二部分p138

1. 博物馆里目前有希腊艺术收藏展出。on display

There is a Greek art collection on display at the museum at the mo ment.

2. 他在森林里迷了路，没有食物，只得靠吃野菜、野果求生。be reduced to

Lost in the forest and out of food, he was reduced to eating wild herbs and fruit to keep himself alive.

3. 这块地方被划出来准备作操场用。mark off

This area has been marked off as a future playground.

4. 除了蹚过这片泥泞的水域外，别无选择。wade

There was no choice but to wade through the muddy water.

5. 这位国会议员呼吁政府建造更多的学校。appeal

The congressman appealed to the government to set up more schools.

6. 他们在国外度假时钱和护照都被偷了，陷入可怕的困境之中。plight

They were in a dreadful plight when their money and passports were stolen while they were on holiday in a foreign country.

7. 在她朋友的催促下，我安排了一位医生去看她。at the urging of, arrange

At the urging of her friends, I arranged for a doctor to see her. 8.他竭力想做出镇定的样子，但是他颤抖的声音暴露了他自己。give one away

He tried to keep up a calm appearance, but his trembling voice gave him away.

第九单元p187

1.她似乎不怎么喜欢干这些事。take pleasure in

She seems to take little pleasure in doing such things.

2.教授告诉我们风景画的传统可追溯到史前时代。date from

The professor told us that the tradition of landscape painting could date from the prehistoric age.

3.听了这位作家的讲座之后，他决定弃医从文。take to

After attending the lecture of the famous writer, he decided to give up medicine and take to literature.

4.让我们免去礼节，直接进入讨论吧。dispense with

Let's dispense with the formalities and go directly into the discussi on.

5.这些动物跑得非常快，因此它们的捕食方法确实很有效。in consequence

These animals run extraordinarily fast and in consequence their huntin

g methods are very efficient indeed.

6.警方搜查了这个地区的每幢房子寻找逃犯，但毫无成果。to no avail

The police searched every house in the district for the escaped crim inal, but to no avail.

7.父母往往会为孩子的成就感到非常自豪。take pride in

Parents tend to take very great pride in the achievements of their children.

第十单元p206

1.许多新兴国家在刚获得独立的时候，都遇到过经济问题的困扰。afflict with

Many developing countries, after independence, were afflicted with econ omic problems to begin with.

2.为了保护国内工业，政府决定对进口倾销产品征收反倾销关税。anti-dumping tariff (impose … upon / on)

In order to protect domestic industries, the government decided to im pose an anti-dumping tariff on imported products.

3.只有学问而没有实践经验，这种学问没有多少价值。count for

Knowledge without practical experience counts for little.

4.敌军入侵使得成千上万的老百姓只好弃家而逃。abandon

Thousands of people were forced to abandon their homes to the invadi

ng enemy troops.

5.我在上海住了很久，已把这个城市看作我的第二故乡。look upon / on

I've lived in Shanghai so long that I’ve looked upon / on the city as my second hometown.

6.修理屋顶时底下必须用东西支撑着。prop up

The roof will have to be propped up while repairs are being carried out.

7.在困难前面，他仍然保持着幽默感。in (the) face of

In (the) face of great hardship, he managed to keep his sense of h umor.

第十一单元p230

1.他们平时五点下班，但今天不得不加班了。leave off

They usually leave off work at 5 o’clock, but today they have to work overtime.

2.这座城市里的博物馆和美术馆都对公众免费开放。be open to

All the museums and art galleries in the city are open to the publ ic for free / free of charge.

3.老是被他们讥笑，真窝囊。sneer at

It’s very discouraging to be sneered at by them all the time.

4.她最近感到有点疲乏，医生要她休息几天。run down

She has been a little run down lately and the doctor has advised h er to take a short holiday.

5.今天，整个城市沐浴在一片欢乐的海洋里。bathe in

The whole city is bathed in a sea of joy today.

6.外面一片漆黑，天空好像被黑幕遮住了似的。as it were

It’s very dark outside, and the sky is covered, as it were, with

a black curtain.

7.我昨天以托马斯的名义打电话预定了两张电影票。in the name of

I booked two film tickets by phone yesterday in the name of Thomas.第十二单元p252

1.新闻界经常批评她，但她早已对此满不在乎了。immune

The press had criticized her so often that in the end she had beco me immune to what was said.

2.工业和车辆向大气排放大量的废气，造成了严重的空气污染。release

Air pollution is caused by industries and vehicles which release larg

e amounts o

f waste gas into atmosphere.

3.医生要我在工作时带上保护镜，以防止异物进入眼睛。foreign

The doctor required me to wear goggles at work to prevent foreign o bjects from getting into my eyes.

4.由于父母通常把他们的染色体（chromosomes）遗传给后代，所以某些疾病具有遗传性。pass on

As parents can pass on their chromosomes to their offspring, some di seases are hereditary.

5.虽然他很会做生意，但我们认为他不会成为商界的领袖。see … as …

He possesses a remarkable talent for doing business, but we don't se

e him as a potential leader in business circle.

6.这次划时代的峰会由卫星向全世界转播。beam

The epoch-making summit conference was beamed by satellite all over t he world.

第十四单元p289-290

1.遭受水灾地区的人民急切需要食品、衣服和药物。be hungry for

The people in the flooded area are hungry for provisions, food, clot hes and medicine.

2.他整夜看电视连续剧，难怪他看上去这么疲惫。no wonder

As he sat up late watching TV, (it's) no wonder that he looks so tired.

3.如果我是你的话，我不会卷入那些复杂的事情。involve

If I were you, I wouldn't get involved with/in those complicated aff airs.

4.她的手艺非常好，做的蛋糕简直是艺术品。work of art

Her skills are so excellent that the cakes she makes are simply wor ks of art.

2.我知道这是我的不对，但也没有必要老是说个没完。rub it in

I know it was my fault but there is no need to rub it in.

6.这种工作要求很有耐心。call for

This sort of work calls for a lot of patience.

7.政府说有足够的外汇储备抵制金融风暴。enough to

The government declared that its foreign currency reserve is strong e nough to resist the financial crisis.

第十五单元p309

1.当游客们看到溪水从山崖上奔腾而下，他们激动地欢呼起来。cascade

The tourists cheered with excitement when they saw water cascading do wn the mountainside.

2.多亏了改革政策，小镇一天比一天繁荣。thrive

Owing to the policy of reform, the small town is thriving day by d ay.

3.你是否能给我把这个材料从头到尾读一遍，强调一下要点。highlight

Could you read through this for me and highlight the important point s?

4.有时我纳闷，不知道死记硬背是否有用。at times

At times I wonder if rote learning is worthwhile.

5.旧中国曾经盛行的迷信正在慢慢消失。prevail

The superstitions that used to prevail in Old China are disappearing gradually.

6.由于外销的增加，公司成功地完成了销售计划。thanks to

Thanks to the improvement in export sales, the company has successful ly fulfilled its marketing plan.

大学英语综合教程4课后翻译

攻势已经持续了三天，但是我们并没有取得多少进展。我们在前线与敌人交战的部队遇到了强力的抵抗。师长（DIVISION COMMANDER）命令我们营（BATTALION）绕到敌人后方发起突然袭击。然而，要绕到敌人后方，我们必须越过一片沼泽地（MARSHLAND）。我们很多人担心会陷入泥潭之中。我们营长决定冒一下险。我们在夜幕掩盖下出发，不顾困难，奋勇向前。幸运的是，夜间温度突然下降到摄氏零下20度，烂泥地都结上了冰。由于这寒冷的天气，我们于天亮前到达并从敌人后方发起进攻。这一下扭转了战局。敌人没有戒备，不久便投降了。 The offensive had already lasted three days, but we had not gained much ground. Our troops engaging the enemy at the front were faced with strong/fierce/stiff resistance. The division commander instructed our battalion to get around to the rear of the enemy and launch a surprise attack. To do so, however, we had to cross a marshland and many of us were afraid we might get bogged down in the mud. Our battalion commander decided to take a gamble. We started under cover of darkness and pressed on in spite of great difficulties. By a stroke of luck, the temperature at night suddenly dropped to minus 20 degrees Celsius and the marsh froze over. Thanks to the cold weather, we arrived at our destination before dawn and began attacking the enemy from the rear. This turned the tide of the battle. The enemy, caught off guard, soon surrendered. Unit 2 汽车在二十世纪改变了世界，尤其是在美国和其他工业国家。汽车确实对我们大有用处，但也带来了一些危害，比如声音污染、空气污染以及公路死亡事故。据报导汽车事故被列为全世界导致死伤的主要原因之一。可庆幸的是，现代发明家们正在重新发明汽车。新的推进系统（PROPULSION SYSTEM）、燃料、设计以及制造汽车的手段在过去的十年中得到迅速发展。例如，通过使用卫星辅助的全球定位系统，汽车里的计算机能给汽车精确定位；随着遥感器的应用，智能汽车能排除不少汽车事故。 Automobiles changed the world during the 20th century, particularly in the United States and other industrialized nations. They are indeed of great use to us, but they have brought some hazards as well, such as noise and air pollution, and highway fatalities. It is reported that automobile accidents rank among the leading causes of death and injury throughout the world. Fortunately modern innovators are reinventing the automobile. New propulsion systems, fuels, designs, and means of manufacturing cars have all developed rapidly in the past decade. For example, by using the satellite-aided global positioning system (GPS), a computer in the automobile can locate the vehicle's precise position, and with the application of sensors, smart cars can eliminate most car accidents.

学术综合英语(罗立胜)1-6单元课文翻译

human creations, language may be the most remarkable. Through language we share experience, values, exchange ideas, transmit knowledge, and sustain culture. Indeed, language is vital to sense of reality by giving meaning to events. 在人类所有的创造中，语言也许是影响最为深远的。我们用语言来分享经验，表达(传递？)价值观，交换想法，传播知识，传承文化。事实上，对语言本身的思考也是至关重要的。和通常所认为的不同的是，语言并不只是简单地反映现实，语言在具体描述事件的时候也在帮助我们建立对现实的感知。——语序的调整。 Good speakers have respect for language and know how it works. Words are the tools of a speaker’s craft. They have special uses, just like the tools of any other profession. As a speaker, you should be aware of the meaning of words and know how to use language accurately, clearly,vividly,and appropriately. 好的演讲者对语言很重视，也知道如何让它发挥更好的效果。词语是演讲者演讲的重要“武器”，具有特殊的用途，这和任何其他的工作技艺没什么两样。作为演讲者，必须知道词语的具体含义，也要懂得如何做到用词准确、清晰、生动、适当。 Using language accurately is as vital to a speaker as using numbers accurately to a accountant. Never use a word unless you are sure of its meaning. If you are not sure, look up the word in the dictionary. As you prepare your speeches, ask yourself constantly, “What do I really want to say? What do I really mean?” Choose words that are precise and accurate. 演讲者准确地使用语言和会计准确使用数字是一样重要的。确定词意后再措词。如果不确定，请先查词典。当你在准备演讲的时候，要不断地问自己：“我到底要说什么？我到底想表达什么意思？”用词一定要精准。 Using language clearly allows listeners to grasp your meaning immediately. You can ensure this [by using familiar words （that are known to the average person and require no specialized background）; by choosing concrete words in preference to more abstract ones, and by eliminating verbal clutter]. 用词清晰可以让听众迅速理解你的意思（抓到你的点）。要做到这一点，就要尽量使用一般人都熟悉的不需要专业知识就能懂的词语；多用具象词汇少用抽象词汇；还有要减少口误。 Using language vividly helps bring your speech to life. One way (to make your speech vivid)|is through imagery，or the creation of word pictures. You can develop imagery by using concrete language, simile, and metaphor. Simile is an explicit comparison between things （that are essentially different yet have something in common）; it always contains the words “like”or “as”. Metaphor is an impli cit comparison between things that are different yet have something in common; it does not contain the words “like” or “as”. 生动地用词能让演讲鲜活起来！比喻，这种能产生文字图像的修辞，可以使演讲达到生动的效果。比喻要用具象的语言，分为明喻和隐喻。 明喻是指在本质上有区别但仍然有相同点的事物之间做一个明确的比较，一般句中会含有“像”或“似”。隐喻则是一种隐藏的比较，不会出现like 和as 这些连接词。 Another way to make your speeches vivid is by exploiting the rhythm of language. Four devices for creating rhythm are parallelism, repetition, alliteration, and antithesis. Parallelism is the similar arrangement of a pair or series of related words, phrases, or sentences. Repetition is the use of the same word or set of words at the beginning or end of successive clauses or sentences. Alliteration comes from repeating the initial constant sounds of close or adjoining words. Antithesis is the juxtaposition of

综合英语 1 课后翻译答案

Unit 1 1.他对这次面试中可能提到的问题作好了准备。（confront） He has prepared answers to the questions that he may confront during the interview. 2.他悲惨的遭遇深深打动了我们，使我们几乎哭出声来。（touch） His sad experience touched us so deeply that we nearly cried. 3.他们俩手挽着手沿着河边散步，有说有笑。(hand in hand) The two of them are walking hand in hand along the riverbank, chatting and laughing. 4.听到这令人激动的消息之后，他眼睛里涌出欢乐的泪水。(well up) When he heard the exciting news, tears of joy welled up in his eyes. 5.上海人容易听懂苏州话，因为上海话和苏州话有许多共同之处。(in common) People from Shanghai can understand Suzhou dialect with ease, for Shanghai dialect and Suzhou dialect have much in common. 6.亨利和妻子正在考虑能不能在3年内买一幢新房子。(look into) Henry and his wife are looking into the possibility of buying a new house within three years. 7.女儿再三请求到国外去深造，他最终让步了。（give in to） He finally gave in to his daughter’s repeated requests to further her education abroad. 8.我们在动身去度假之前把所有的贵重物品都锁好了。（lock away） We locked all our valuables away before we went on holiday. 9.虽然咱们分手了，但我希望咱们依然是好朋友，像以前一样互相关心，互相帮助。(part) Although we have parted from each other, I hope that we will remain good friends and that we will care for and help each other just as we used to. 10.在紧急关头，军长召集全体军官开会，制定新的克敌战略战术。（summon） At the critical moment, the army commander summoned all the officers to work out new strategies and tactics to conquer the enemy. Unit 2 1.一个由外交部长率领的政府代表团昨天抵达南非，开始对该国进行为期3天的友好访问。（head） A government delegation headed by the Minister of Foreign Affairs arrived in South Africa yesterday, starting a three-day friendly visit to the country. 2.看看这些讽刺社会弊端的漫画实在好笑。（awfully funny） It is awfully funny to look at these caricatures which satirize social ills. 3.计算机是最有用的教学工具之一，所有的功课以及所有的问题和答案都可在屏幕上显示出来。（show on a screen） Computers are one of the most useful teaching tools, for all your lessons as well as all the questions and all the answers can be shown on a screen. 4.张利的母亲前天突然病倒，他赶紧派人请来医生。（send for） Zhang Li’s mother fell ill the day before yesterday, so he sent for a doctor immediately.

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应Key to book4 unit1-4 Unit 1 Active reading (1) Looking for a job after university? First, get off the sofa Reading and understanding Dealing with unfamiliar words 3 Match the words in the box with their definitions. 1 to make progress by moving to the next stage in a series of actions or events (proceed) 2 the process of changing from one situation, form or state to another (transition) 3 not feeling involved with someone or something in a close or emotional way (detached) 4 referring to something which will happen soon (upcoming) 5 to be sitting still in a position that is not upright (slump) 6 to return to a previous state or way of behaving (revert) 7 to say what happened (recount) 4 Complete the paragraph with the correct form of the words in Activity 3. It isn‘t easy to make the (1) transition from a busy university student to an unemployed young adult (2) slumped on a bar stool or half watching a mindless television show, wondering if and how their career is going to (3) proceed. Many people who have experienced a long period of inactivity like this, when (4) recounting how they felt at the time, refer to the same strange psychological effect. As the days pass, they begin to feel (5) detached from any sense of pressure to go and look for a job, and tend to regard (6) upcoming interviews as if they were not very important. Typically, back at home after three or four years away, they (7) revert to old habits, start seeing old friends, and, in many cases, become dependent again on their parents. 5 Replace the underlined words with the correct form of the words in the box. You may need to make other changes. 1 I went to a mixed-ability secondary school just outside London. (comprehensive) 2 I got stopped by a policeman who asked to see my driving licence. (cop) 3 Have you seen this beautiful from the air view of Oxford? (aerial) 4 Isabel tightly her bag as she walked down the corridor towards the office. (clutched) 5 You should speak to Toby; he‘s an supporter of flexible working hours. (advocate) 6 I hurt my leg badly a couple of months ago, and it still hasn‘t got better completely. (healed) 6 Answer the questions about the words. 1 Is a dead-end job one with (a) exciting prospects, or (b) no future? 2 Is a tricky problem (a) difficult, or (b) easy to solve? 3 If an activity saps all your energy, do you feel (a) tired, or (b) more active than usual? 4 Does a pushy person try to (a) persuade you to do something you don‘t want to, or (b) help you by listening to what you have to say? 5 If you feel apathy, do you want to (a) change the world, or (b) stay at home and do nothing? 7 Answer the questions about the phrases.

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大学体验英语综合教程4(第三版)课文翻译及课后答案

Unit 1 无名英雄：职业父亲意味着什么？ 在我们的孪生女儿出生后的第一次“约会”时，我和丈夫一起去看了一部名为《玩具总动员》的电影。我们很喜欢这部片子，但随后我丈夫问道：“父亲在哪儿呢？”起初我还认为因为一个小小的失误而批评一部很吸引人的家庭影片似乎是太偏狭了。可后来越想越觉得这一疏忽太严重了。父亲不仅没有出现，他甚至没有被提到——尽管家中有婴儿，说明他不可能离开太长时间。影片给人的感觉是，父亲出现与否似乎是个极次要的细节，甚至不需要做任何解释。 新闻媒体倾向于把父亲的边缘化，这只是一个例子，它反映了在美国发生的巨大的社会变化。大卫?布兰肯霍恩在《无父之国》一书中将这种倾向称之为“无需父亲”观念。 职业母亲（我想这应是与无职业母亲相对而言的）奋斗的故事从媒体上无尽无休地轰击着我们。与此同时，媒体上绝大多数有关父亲的故事又集中表现暴力的丈夫或没出息的父亲。看起来似乎父亲惟一值得人们提及的时候是因为他们做家务太少而受到指责的时候（我怀疑这一说法的可靠性，因为“家务”的定义中很少包括打扫屋顶的雨水沟、给汽车换机油或其它一些典型地由男人们做的事），或者是在他们去世的时候。当布兰肯霍恩先生就“顾家的好男人”一词的词义对父亲们进行调查时，许多父亲都回答这一词语只有在葬礼上听到。 这种“无需父亲”综合症的一个例外是家庭全职父亲所受到的媒体的赞扬。我并非暗指这些家庭全职父亲作出的承诺不值得人们的支持，我只是想指出在实际生效的双重标准：家庭全职父亲受到人们的赞扬，而家庭全职母亲和养家活口的父亲，所得到文化上的认同却很少，甚至完全得不到。 我们用来讨论父亲角色（即没出息的父亲）的话语本身就显示出人们对大多数男人默默无闻而自豪地履行对家庭承担的责任缺乏赏识。我们几乎从来没听到“职业父亲”这一说法，在人们呼吁应该考虑给予工作者在工作地点上更大的灵活性时，很少有人认为这种呼吁不但适用于女子，同样也适应于男子。我们这个社会表现出似乎家庭职责对父亲来说并不象对母亲那么重要——似乎事业上的满足就是男人生活的全部。 更让人感到侮辱的是最近媒体的这种倾向，即把家庭主妇看成是一种“地位的象征” ——就像一辆名贵的汽车，只有据说少数男人才享受得起这种奢侈与豪华。这暗示家里有家庭主妇的男人比那些妻子在外工作的男人日子过得更舒适，因为他们拥有全职管家这种“奢侈品”。然而，实际上作为家庭惟一挣钱者的男人要承受很多压力。当他们的那份工作是家庭收入的惟一来源的时候，失业，或者甚至只不过是受到失业的威胁，对他们来说显然构成更大的困难。同样，家庭惟一的工资收入者在想辞去不太满意的工作时，其灵活程度也要小一些，因为这种工作变换会使他们失去收入。此外，为了给家庭挣更多的钱，许多丈夫超时工作或兼做第二职业。对于这些男人来说，正是这份工作所支撑的家庭，使得他们值得付出努力。很多男人相信母亲呆在家里对小孩十分重要，这种信念使得他们乐意地担起家里惟一挣钱人的担子。 目前，研究者们普遍认为家庭中没有父亲会对小孩——因此对整个社会——带来严重的问题。然而，我们这个社会并没有把“普通”父亲作为正面角色为未来的父亲树立榜样，相反地，却常常持放弃态度，认为传统的父道从最好的方面说是已经过时，从最坏的方面讲就是危险的反动。这使得许多男人对他们作为父亲的角色的价值提出疑问。 作为一个社会，我们需要认识到对于孩子来说，父亲是与母亲同等重要的，不仅仅在经济支

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1.该公司否认其捐款有商业目的。 2.The company denied that its donations had a commercial purpose. 3.每当她生气的时候，他说话就有一点结巴。 4.Whenever he was angry, he would begin to stammer slightly. 5.教育是我们家庭最看重的传统，这就是为什么我父母从不带我到昂贵的饭店吃饭，却送我到最 好的私立学校上学。 https://www.sodocs.net/doc/15534697.html,cation is the most cherished tradition in our family. That’s why my parents never took me to dinner at expensive restaurants, but sent me to the best private school. 7. 8.another 9. 些由他自己造成的痛苦经历 20.I find it ironic that Tom has a selective memory --- he does not seem to remember painful experiences in the past, particularly those of his own doing. 21.背离传统需要极大勇气 22.It takes an enormous amount of courage to make a departure from the tradition. 23.汤姆过去很腼腆，但这次却非常勇敢能在大庭广众面前上台表演了 24.Tom used to be very shy, but this time he was bold enough to give a performance in front of a large audience. 25.很多教育家认为从小培养孩子的创新精神是可取的

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新标准大学英语综合教程4——翻译答案

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