《国际商务英语》词汇部分

国际商务英语——词汇部分

1

1. Budget—预算an account of probable future income and expenditure during a stated, period, usu. a year used as a guide in making financial arrangements.

2. Return—回报the gain from an investment, either as income or yield or as profit on the sale of the investment.

3. Portfolio—证券投资组合the entire collection of investments in the form of stocks, bonds, or certificate of deposits for purposes other than controlling

4. Royalty—专利税money paid to the owner of a copyright for permission to publish copyright material and to the owner of a patent for permission to use a patented design, usu. at a greed percentage of the selling price of the product.

5. Expertise—专门知识expert knowledge or skill, esp. in a particular field; know-how.

6. Licensor—认证颁发者a person or company granting a license.

7. Patent—专利权a special right to an inventor to be the only person to make and sell, or to authorize others to make and sell a newly-invented machine or process.

8. Non-tariff barrier—非贸易壁垒all forms of man-made obstructions to international trade other than tariffs, including prohibitions and quotas, etc.

9. Turnkey contract—one in which one of the parties agrees to supply, at the contract price, a complete product ready for use, such as

a new home, factory, ship, etc.

10. Franchise—经销权an arrangement by which a monopoly producer or owner gives another permission for the exclusive right to manufacture or sell the products in a certain area.

2

1. Purchasing power—购买力of persons, the public, having the money to buy goods and services.

2. Assess—估价to judge an amount or value.

3. spur—to urge or encourage

4. average—of an ordinary, common or usual kind in quality or amount

5. Productive—producing in high efficiency or in large quantity

6. tap—to take what is needed from, to exploit

7. Infrastructure—large-scale public services, such as water and power supplies, road, rail and radio communications, etc. needed to support economic activity, esp. industry, trade and commerce.

8. recipient—a person or an organization etc. that receives something

9. consumerism—considerable desire to make purchase for consumption

10. PPP—purchasing power parity

3

1 liberalization—of trade, the act of government in lifting controls over imports and exports

2 integration—combining into the whole

3 tariff—tax levied by the customs

4 barriers to trade—any action by a government to limit or prevent the free flow of goods in and out of its country.

5 mobility—capacity that can move or be moved easily and quickly from place to place.

6 detour—绕道route that avoids a blocked road; deviation

7 banknote—纸币printed paper money issued by a bank, usu. the country’s central bank.

8 erode—侵蚀wear away, eat into

9 envisage—picture(an event, action, etc) in the mind as a future possibility; imagine

10 veto—否决权right to reject or forbid something

4

1 affiliate—a subsidiary company controlled by another

2 assets—total resources of a business, as cash, accounts receivable, real estates etc.

3 world company—a multinational whose national identity has been blurred

4 facilities—something designed, built or installed to serve a specific function or perform a particular service

5 revenue—收益the total annual income of state

6 decentralize—使分权distribute the administrative powers over a less concentrated area

7 nationalize—to bring under the control or ownership of a nation\

8 welfare—well-being

9 framework—organization structure

10 input—something that is put in business operation

5

1 service—something done to help or benefit others

2 abundant—plentiful, more than enough

3 specialization—to restrict one’s economic activities to certain particular fields

4 primary commodities—those commodities not processed, or only slightly processed, usually farm produce or raw materials

5 incentive—that which incites, rouses or encourages a person

6 alternative—that may be had, used etc. in place of sth. else

7 intuitive—relating to the power of the immediate understanding of something without reasoning or study

8 efficient—producing a desired or satisfactory result; able to perform duties well

9 endowment—a natural gift or ability

10 exploit—to develop the use of, make the best use of

6

1 drawback—退税duties paid on imported goods that are refunded when re-exported

2 highlight—to make prominent; to draw special attention

3 bulky—taking a lot of space, and often of a shape difficult to handle

4 perishable—easily to go bad

5 tariff—duties imposed on goods imported and exported

6 specific duties—duties levied on the basis of quantity, weight, size etc. of the goods

7 ad valorem duties—duties levied on the basis of the price of the goods

8 unilaterally—单方面地done by one side or party only

9 maritime—connected with the sea or navigation

10 remittance—汇款money sent by post

7

1 law suit—legal prosecution

2 dispute—argument or controversy

3 remedy—method of putting right something that is wrong

4 amendment—修正changes made to something

5 Incoterms—a set of international rules for the interpretation of trade terms

6 present—submit

7 premise—a tract of land including its buildings

8 heading—category

9 classification—the arrangement of things by groups

10 carriage—the price or cost of transportation

8

1 business line—goods dealt in by a company

2 voluntary offer—an offer made on the initiative of the offerer

3 contract—an agreement setting forth the binding obligations of the relevant parties

4 indispensable—absolutely necessary

5 contract proper—the main body of a contract

6 contracting parties—signatories of an agreement

7 force majeure—[不可抗力] social or natural calamities that take place beyond the control of a contracting party

8 purchase contract—a contract made by the buyer

9 firm offer—an offer whose terms and conditions are binding on the offer

10 offeree—受要约人the party to whom an offer is made

9

1.popular—liked and admired

2.hyperinflation—恶性通货膨胀soaring of prices beyond control

3.inflation—通货膨胀rise in prices brought about by the excess demand, expansion of money supply, credit etc.

4.protectionism—贸易保护主义the theory of the system of developing home countries through duties and other means imposed on

competitive imports

5.bilateral—双边的of two sides

6.bundling—捆绑式销售the exchange of goods or services are tied together

7.expertise—expert skill or knowledge

8.creditors—a person to whom one owns money

9.transferable—possible to be handed over

10.verified data—authentic materials

10

1.debtor—a person who owes money

2.default—fail to carry out an obligation

3.dubious—doubtful, uncertain, questionable

4.draft—an unconditional order to someone to pay a sum of money

5.remittance—the sending of money or the money sent

6.fluctuation—irregular movement of (prices, exchange rates etc.)

7.drawer—the person who issues a draft, usually the exporter

8.sound—financially satisfactory

9.ban—prohibit, forbid

10.drawee—付款人the person to whom a draft is drawn

11

1.credit-worthiness—being believed or accepted by others as reliable in making payment

2.substantial—large, great, considerable

3.constitute—make up; amount to; form

4.applicant of an L/C—the importer that goes to a bank for the establishment of an L/C

5.beneficiary—受益人the company that can make use of an L/C to get paid for its export

6.discrepancy—difference; absence of agreement

7.confirming bank—the bank that adds its own commitment to an L/C

8.bill of exchange—written order drawn by the beneficiary on the bank for the purpose of payment

9.underlying—forming the basis of

10.reimburse—退款pay back to somebody for the expenses he has spent

12

1.clean credit—a credit that does not require shipping documents for payment

2.cancel—not to do something that has been arranged or decided upon

3.leading bank—major bank, most important bank

4.impeccable—faultless

5.insolvent—无力偿还的unable to pay debts

6.sight credit—a credit by which payment can be made upon presentation of the draft

7.maturity—becoming due

8.after sight—after presentation of draft

9.middleman—中间商trader through whom goods pass between the producer and the consumer

10.sustain—suffer

13

1.documentation—the presentation and use of shipping documents

2.consignee—the party in the bill of lading to whom the goods are shipped

3.shipping marks—what is printed on the outer packing of goods as symbol for identification in the course of transportation

4.discrepancy—absence of agreement

5.liability—what one is responsible for according to law

6.apparent—according to appearance; seeming

7.insurance policy—a document used for covering possible risks

8.discount—amount of money that may be taken off the full amount

9.title—right to the possession of a position or property

10.invoice—a document for the general description of the goods and the price

14

1 alternative—a choice from two or more possibilities.

2 modes—different forms of transportation

3 fundamental—very important

4 ownership—legal right of possession

5 intermediate products—semi-manufactures

6 commercial intercourse—business dealings between individuals or firms

7 unload—getting goods off a carrier

8 package—combination of related parts or elements accepted or rejected as a single unit

9 distribution—the marketing, transporting, merchandising, and selling of any item

10 destination—the terminal to which goods are sent

15

1 insured—a person covered by an insurance policy

2 premium—the amount paid by an insured for coverage under the contract

3 potential loss—loss which is possible to incur

4 viability—ability to succeed in operation

5 claim—a payment demanded in accordance with an insurance policy

6 margin—amount above what is estimated as necessary

7 underwriter—a person who carries on insurance as a business

8 consumption—the using up of goods and services having an exchangeable advantage

9 compensation—something given or received as an equivalent for loss

10 pooling—a combination of funds formed for common advantage

16

1 field—a sphere of activity

2 incidence—occurrence

3 multi-modal transportation—transport that combines road, rail, sea and air

4 diminish—the right to collect from an endorser a payment of loss

5 indemnity—compensation for loss

6 subrogate—to substitute a claim against one person for a claim against another person

7 legal action—an action taken against someone in accordance with the law

8 leader—an insurer who is well-known in a particular class of business

9 deposit—money paid as part payment that is owned

10 compulsory—that must be done

17

1 peg—to keep fixed or unchanged

2 redeem—to repay or pay off, esp. loan stock, debentures and preference shares or stock

3 settlement—the act of paying a bill, debt, charge, etc

4 exchange rate—the price at which one currency can be exchanged for another currency

5 fluctuations—upward and downward movements in the economic system

6 gold reserves—the stock of gold coin and bullion held by a note-issuing bank in a country on the gold standard.

7 money circulation—money in the hands of the public and being used to pay for goods and services

8 devaluation—the act of a government in reducing by law the exchange value of its currency in units of gold or as compared with other currencies

9 offset—to set one value against another or as equal to another

10 par—equal in value, on the same level

18

1 affiliate—a business concern owned or controlled in whole or in part by another concern

2 institutions—an organization or establishment devoted to the promotion of a particular object

3 productivity—power of being productive

4 loans—something lent on condition of being returned, especially a sum of money lent at interest

5 prerequisite—required as a condition for something else

6 cyclical—recurring in cycles

7 maturity—the time when a note or bill of exchange or a loan becomes due

8 reserve—money held aside to meet future demand

9 investment—the act of putting money to use in something offering profitable returns

10 stringent—strict, that must be obeyed

19

1 quota—a limit placed by a government on the amount of imports or commodity

2 VER—an agreement by a country’s exporters or government to limit their exports or government to limit their exports to another country

3 acquisition—company expansion through the phrase of other business

4 synergy—benefits from combining different business, normally claimed by the promoters of mergers

5 rebate—reduce

6 intellectual property—certain non-tangible assets held, principally covering the areas of patent protection, registered trade marks and designs, and copy-right

7 tax holiday—a period of time during which tax is not levied

8 return—the gain from an investment, either as income or yield or as profit on the sale of the investment

9 access—a way by which a place, esp. property, can be reached or entered or used

10 joint venture—a business where the provision of risk capital is shared between two or more firms

20

1 market place—a place in which securities are sold and bought

2 securities—stocks and bonds

3 gilts—stocks issued by government

4 information—knowledge communicated or received concerning a particular fact or circumstance

5 qualifications—competence

6 membership—the state of being a member of a certain organization

7 practitioner—a person engaged in the practice of a profession or occupation

8 cost-effective—producing optimum results for the expenditure

9 shortfall—deficiency

10 equities—company stocks

21

1 ratify—make an arrangement or a treaty officially valid by signing it.

2 controversy—public argument about sth. which many people disagree with

3 biennial—happening every alternate year

4 clout—influence

5 anti-dumping—one form of action which may be taken by a government to protect industries from unfair competition by which goods are sold at a price lower than in the country where they are manufactured

6 mandate—authority given to perform a duty

7 stillborn—(of a child) dead at birth; (of an idea or a plan) not developing further

8 contracting party—a country or firm that signs a legal agreement

9 akin to—similar, related to

10 optimal—best or most favorable

22

1 terms of trade—the relation of export and import prices

2 preference—a practical advantage given to one over others

3 export earnings—money earned on the sales of goods to other countries

4 provisions—a formal or explicit statement of conditions demanded

5 tariffs—customs duties imposed by a government on imports or exports

6 invisible—trade in services

7 board—an official group of persons who direct or supervise some activities of a firm

8 permanent—lasting

9 counterpart—a person or thing that closely resembles another in position or function

10 forum—an outlet for discussion of matters of interest to a given group

建筑专业常用英语词汇

建筑专业常用英语词汇

建筑专业常用英语词汇 A design basis 设计依据 计划建议书planning proposals 设计任务书design order 标准规范standards and codes 条件图information drawing 设计基础资料basic data for design 工艺流程图process flowchart 工程地质资料engineering geological data 原始资料original data 设计进度schedule of design B stage of design 设计阶段 方案scheme, draft 草图sketch 会谈纪要summary of discussion 谈判negotiation 可行性研究feasibility study 初步设计preliminary design 基础设计basic design 详细设计detail design 询价图enquiry drawing 施工图working drawing, construction drawing 竣工图as built drawing C climate condition 气象条件 日照sunshine 风玫瑰wind rose 主导风向prevailing wind direction 最大(平均)风速maximum (mean) wind velocity 风荷载wind load 最大(平均)降雨量maximum (mean) rainfall 雷击及闪电thunder and lightning

园林景观专业英语词汇

园林景观专业英语词汇 规划planning 草图sketch；rough map 平面plan 剖面section 立面elevation 透视perspective 示意图diagram 容积率coverage 城市设计urban design; civic design 区域规划regional planning 步行轴ped axis 总体规划general planning; master planning 分区规划district planning 近期建设规划immediate plan 城市详细规划detailed planning 控制性详细规划control detailed planning 修建性详细规划site plan 居住区规划residential district planning 城市化urbanization 城市生态urban ecology 可持续发展sustainable development 历史文化名城保护规划Plan of Preservation of Historic Cities 旧城改建urban redevelopment 开发区development area 城市化水平urbanization level 城市群agglomeration 城镇体系urban system 卫星城satellite town 城市基础设施urban infrastructure 居民点settlement 市municipality; city 生态基础设施ecological infrastructure 牧场pasture 市域administrative region of a city 商业区commercial district 行政中心administration center 商业街commercial street 科技园technological region 校园规划campus planning 城市中心区urban center district 居住单元flat 历史地段history district

商务英语词汇大全(BEC词汇打印版)

商务英语词汇大全abroad adv.在国外，出国，广泛流传 absence n.缺席，离开 absent adj.不在，不参与 absenteeism n.（经常性）旷工，旷职absorb v.吸收，减轻（困难等）作用或影响abstract n.摘要 access n.接近（或进入）的机会，享用权v.获得使用计算机数据库的权利 accommodation n.设施，住宿 account n.会计账目 accountancy n.会计工作 accountant n.会计 accounts n.往来账目 account for解释，说明 account executive n.（广告公司）客户经理accruals n.增值，应计 achieve v.获得或达到，实现，完成acknowledge v.承认，告知已收到（某物），承认某人 acquire v.获得，得到 acquisition n.收购，被收购的公司或股份acting adj.代理的 activity n.业务类型 actual adj.实在的，实际的，确实的 adapt v.修改，适应 adjust v.整理，使适应 administration实施，经营，行政administer v.管理，实施 adopt v.采纳，批准，挑选某人作候选人advertise v.公布，做广告 ad n.做广告，登广告 advertisement n.出公告，做广告advertising n.广告业 after-sales service n.售后服务agenda n.议事日程 agent n.代理人，经纪人 allocate v.分配，配给 amalgamation n.合并，重组 ambition n.强烈的欲望，野心amortize v.摊还 analyze v.分析，研究 analysis n.分析，分析结果的报告 analyst n.分析家，化验员 annual adj.每年的，按年度计算的 annual general meeting（AGM）股东年会anticipate v.期望 anticipated adj.期待的 appeal n.吸引力 apply v.申请，请求；应用，运用 applicant n.申请人 application n.申请，施用，实施appointee n.被任命人 appraisal n.估量，估价 appreciate v.赏识，体谅，增值appropriate v.拨出（款项） approve v.赞成，同意，批准 aptitude n.天资，才能 arbitrage n.套 arbitration n.仲裁 arrears n.欠账 assemble v.收集，集合 assembly line n.装配线，流水作业线assess v.评定，估价 asset n.资产 current asset n.流动资产 fixed asset n.固定资产 frozen asset n.冻结资产 intangible assets n.无形资产 liquid assets n.速动资产 tangible assets n.有形资产 assist v.援助，协助，出席 audit n.查账，审计 automate v.使某事物自动操作 average n.平均，平均水准 awareness n.意识；警觉 backing n.财务支持，赞助 backhander n.贿赂 backlog n.积压（工作或订货） bad debt死账（无法收回的欠款）balance n.收支差额，余额 balance of payments n.贸易支付差额balance sheet n.资产负债表

建筑专业英语词汇(A)

建筑专业英语词汇(A) a block 空心块 a frame a 型框架 a line 支座反力影响线abaciscus 嵌饰 abacus 栏杆小柱顶 abamurus 扶壁 abat jour 灯罩 abat vent 遮阳帘 abbrasive wheel 磨盘 aberration 偏差 ability 能力 ablation 磨蚀酌 abode 住宅 above ground structure 地面建筑物abrasion 磨耗 abrasion concrete 磨蚀性混凝土abrasion hardness 耐磨硬度abrasion proof 耐磨的 abrasion resistance 耐磨性abrasion test 磨耗试验 abrasion tester 磨耗试验机abrasion value 磨耗值 abrasive 磨料 abrasive aggregates 耐磨骨料abrasive disk 磨盘 abrasive paper 研磨纸 abrasive tile 粗面瓷砖 abridged notation 简化符号 abs plastic abs塑料 absolute deformation 绝对变形absolute displacement 绝对位移absolute error 绝对误差 absolute humidity 绝对湿度absolute pressure 绝对压力absolute temperature 绝对温度absolute value 绝对值 absolute viscosity 绝对粘度absolute weight 绝对重量absorbed water 吸附水absorbent 吸收剂 absorbent filter 吸收剂滤器absorber 吸收器 absorbing ability 吸收能力

园林专业英语词汇

园林学landscape architecture, garden architecture 园林garden and park 绿化greening, planting 城市绿化urban green, urban planting 城市绿地urban green space 公园绿地public park 公园park 儿童公园children park 动物园zoo 植物园botanical garden 墓园cemetery garden 盆景园penjing garden, miniature landscape 盲人公园park for the blind 花园garden 历史名园historical garden and park 风景名胜公园famous scenic park 纪念公园memorial park 街旁绿地roadside green space 带状公园linear park 专类公园theme park 岩石园rock garden 社区公园community park 生产绿地productive plantation area 防护绿地green buffer, green area for environmental protection 附属绿地attached green space 居住绿地green space attachéd to housing estate, residential green space 道路绿地green space attached to urban road and square 屋顶花园roof garden 立体绿化vertical planting 风景林地scenic forest land 城市绿地系统urban green space system 城市绿地系统规划urban green space system planning 绿地覆盖面积green coverage 绿地覆盖率percentage of greenery coverage 绿地率greening rate, ratio of green space 绿带green belt 楔形绿地green wedge 城市绿地boundary line of urban green space 园林史landscape history, garden history 古典园林classical garden 囿hunting park 苑imperial park

(完整版)商务英语词汇大全

商务英语词汇大全（一） economist 经济学家 socialist economy 社会主义经济capitalist economy 资本主义经济collective economy 集体经济planned economy 计划经济controlled economy 管制经济 rural economics 农村经济 liberal economy 经济 mixed economy 混合经济 political economy 政治经济学protectionism 保护主义 autarchy 闭关自守 primary sector 初级成分 private sector 私营成分,私营部门public sector 公共部门,公共成分economic channels 经济渠道economic balance 经济平衡economic fluctuation 经济波动economic depression 经济衰退economic stability 经济稳定economic policy 经济政策 economic recovery 经济复原understanding 约定 concentration 集中 holding company 控股公司 trust 托拉斯 cartel 卡特尔 rate of growth 增长 economic trend 经济趋势 economic situation 经济形势infrastructure 基本建设 standard of living 生活标准,生活水平purchasing power, buying power 购买力scarcity 短缺 stagnation 停滞,萧条,不景气underdevelopment 不发达underdeveloped 不发达的developing 发展中的 initial capital 创办资本 frozen capital 冻结资金 frozen assets 冻结资产 fixed assets 固定资产 real estate 不动产,房地产

建筑学专业英语词汇

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城市生态urban ecology 可持续发展sustainable development 历史文化名城保护规划Plan of Preservation of Historic Cities 旧城改建urban redevelopment 开发区development area 城市化水平urbanization level 城市群agglomeration 城镇体系urban system 卫星城satellite town 城市基础设施urban infrastructure 居民点settlement 市municipality; city 生态基础设施ecological infrastructure 牧场pasture 市域administrative region of a city 商业区commercial district 行政中心administration center 商业街commercial street 科技园technological region 校园规划campus planning 城市中心区urban center district

关于自考05844国际商务英语课文必考词汇短语

Transaction 交易customs area 关税区 in compliance with 遵从conversion 货币兑换visible trade 有形贸易resale 转售 gross domestic product国内生产总值invisible trade 无形贸易for short 缩写为account for 占…比例headquarters 总部trap 陷阱，圈套 portfolio investment 证券投资stocks 股票 bonds 债券maturity （票据等）到期，到期日certificate of deposit 大额存单licensing许可经营 franchising 特许经营trademark 商标 advisable 可行的patent 专利royalty 专利使用费；copyright 版税licensor 给予许可的人 licensee 接受许可的人franchiser 给予特许的人franchisee 接受特许的人logo 标志；标记management contract 管理合同 expertise 专门知识bonus 红利；津贴；奖金 flat 一律的，无变动的value chain 价值链 contract manufacturing 承包工程 turnkey project “交钥匙”工程clue 线索 BOT（Build，Operate，Transfer）建设经营移交stand for 代表variant 变形/体potential 潜力national income 国民收入bulk 大量的；大宗的 GNP 国民生产总值per capita income 人均收入PPP 购买力平价consumerism 消费，消费主义income distribution 收入分布 Organization of Economic Cooperation and Development 经济合作与发展组织 infra structure 基础设施Commonwealth of Independent States 独立国家联合体 staple goods 大路货tap 开发hemisphere 半球observation（经观察而得到的）看法haven 避风港；安全之地spur 促进creditor country 债权国proximity 临近ASEAN 东南亚国家联盟witness 亲历economic integration 经济一体化liberalize 使自由put up barriers 设置障碍fall under分成几部分free trade area自由贸易区tariff rates 关税税率NAFTA 北美自由贸易协定customs union 关税同盟detour 迂回；绕行common market 共同市场adoption 使用，采用euro 欧元erode 侵蚀autonomy 自治sovereign state 主权国家political entity 政治实体set the stage of 为、、做准备；促成monumental 重要的，有纪念意义的landmark 地标；里程碑signatory 签字国；签字人settlement 结算banknotes 纸币；钞票circulation货币流通executive body 行政机构，执行机构European Commission欧盟委员会veto 否决commissioner 委员，特派员，专员council of ministers 部长理事会empower 授予权力 multi-polarization 多极化tenet 原则；宗旨Dual-Ministerial Meeting 双部长会议 cartel 卡特尔，联盟OPEC 石油输出国组织 globalization 全球化frequency 频繁，频率 interactive 相互作用的element 要素；组成成分；元 素value 价值观acclaim 欢呼；欢迎；喝彩 adverse 不利的；反对的controversial 引起争议的 instrumental 有作用的internationalization 国际化 facilities 设施；设备；工具label 把称为；把归类 employ 用；使用assets 资产incorporate 吸收；合并 purpot 声称；自称headquarters 总部 international economic environment国际经济环境 double digit 两位数字survival 继续生存 embark（on）开始；从事gigantic 庞大的；巨大的 intervene 干预；干涉technical improvements 技术进 步derivation 获得day-to-day running 日常管理 decentralize 分散；放下（权利）wield 操控；控制 jurisdiction 权利；管理范围vehicle 工具；手段 delegate power to…对、、、授权affiliate 分支机构； 附属机构mover 原动力，推动力define 下定义 services 劳务distri natural resources 自然资源 abundant 丰富的scarce缺少，缺乏primary commodities 初级产品incentive 刺激 specialization 专业化constitute 构成，形成remainder 剩余的，余数hold 认为in terms of 在…方面 illustrate 说明table 表格，图表assume 假设 efficient 有效的，效率高的occur 发生，产生law 规 则，法则even if 即使disadvantage 不利with respect to 关exploit 利用，开发static 静止的 endowment of nature 自然的赋予up-to-date 现代的， 新式的intuitive 直觉的，直观的appeal 吸引力 absolute adantage 绝对利益comparative advantage 比较利益strategic 战略的reduce 减少bulky 笨 重的，庞大的perishable 易碎的protectionist 保护主 义的barrier障碍typical 典型的tariffs 关税 quota 配额levy 征收，收取coincide 巧合；偶合 customs union 关税联盟import duties 进口关税 export duties 出口关税ad valorem 按价；从价 specific 从量的compound duties 复税，混合关税 drawback 退税refund 偿还；退还 most-favoured-nation（MFN）treatment 最惠国待遇 signatory 签字国concession让步tariff schedule 税率 表；税则non-tariff barrier 非关税壁垒impose 加强 unilaterally 单方面地label 标签，标记，标号 voluntary 自动的，主动的forthcoming 即将到来的 meaning of transport 运输工具inland water vessels 内 河船只maritime 海洋的cargo compartment 货仓 charter租fleet 舰队insurance保险 vulnerable 脆弱的collision 碰撞pilferage 偷窃 explosion 爆炸place of historical interest 古迹 accommodations 膳宿供应immigrant 移民 remittance 汇款undertake 承担 climate 环境气氛；风气degenerate 变坏；衰退 deal 交易draw up 制定；拟就respective 各 自的；分别的subsequent 随后的，后来的 interpretation 解释；说明trade terms 贸易术语； 交易条件trading practices 贸易惯例 litigation 诉讼，诉争entail 使人承担；使成为必要 amendment 修正案；修正条款 addition 增加部分revise 修正；修改 unitization 使成为一个单位maritime 海的；海上的 consolidate 统一，合并render使得；使成为 negotiable 可转让的；可流通的vital 极其重要的， 必不可少的whereby 凭借那个，借以premises 生产 场所；经营场所disposal 处理departure 离开，启程， 出发quay 码头substantive 实质性的 set forth 陈述；阐明binding 有约束力的 enforceable可实施的sue起诉trade fairs 商品交易 会trunk call 长途电话enquiry 询盘；询价 quotation 报价voluntarily 主动地，自愿地 indispensable 必不可少的validity period 有效期 offer还盘unbinding 无约束力的invalid 无 效的sales contract 销售合同 sales （purchase）confirmation 售货（购货）确认书 setting up 构成，结构，格式consignment 寄售 contracting parties 缔约方force majeure不可抗力 arbitration 仲裁cotton piece good 棉布 cotton yarns 棉纱hereby 于此hereunder 于下 article number 货号yard 码overleaf 反面 bleached 漂白的counter trade 对销贸易；反对贸易 allegedly被说成；据说phenomenon 现象 terminology 术语generic 总称的 net positions 实际寸头adduce 引证 empirical 以经验为根据的reciprocal 互惠的；互相 hyperinflation极度通货膨胀literally 照字地 disarray 混乱conceptually 概念上地European Payment Union 欧洲支付联盟pre-specify 预先说明 competitive devaluation 竞争性贬值in essence 实质上的intertemporal 不同时的be tied to 固定于 photocopying machine 复印机 intriguing引起兴趣的，有迷惑力的concurrently 同时 发生的 a fraction of一点儿；一部分 verify 一部分sophisticated 经验丰富的bypass 避开；置、、、于不顾expertise 专门知识leverage 杠杆 作用tap 开发；开辟conceal 掩盖；隐藏 perpetuate 使永久存在processing trade 加工贸易 consignment 寄售赁agency 代理domestic 国内的