中国文化相关词汇英文翻译
中国文化相关词汇英文翻译
1. 元宵节Lantern Festival
2. 刺绣embroidery
3. 重阳节Double-Ninth Festival
4. 清明节Tomb sweeping day
5. 剪纸Paper Cutting
6. 书法Calligraphy
7. 对联(Spring Festival) Couplets
8. 象形文字Pictograms/Pictographic Characters
9. 人才流动Brain Drain/Brain Flow 10. 四合院Siheyuan/Quadrangle 11. 战国Warring States 12. 风水Fengshui/Geomantic Omen 13. 铁饭碗Iron Bowl 14. 函授部The Correspondence Department 15. 集体舞Group Dance 16. 黄土高原Loess Plateau 17. 红白喜事Weddings and Funerals 18. 中秋节Mid-Autumn Day 19. 结婚证Marriage Certificate 20. 儒家文化Confucian Culture 21. 附属学校Affiliated school 22. 古装片Costume Drama 23. 武打片Chinese Swordplay Movie 24. 元宵Tangyuan/Sweet Rice Dumpling (Soup) 25. 一国两制One Country, Two Systems 26. 火锅Hot Pot 27. 四人帮Gang of Four 28. 《诗经》The Book of Songs 29. 素质教育Essential-qualities-oriented Education 30. 《史记》Historical Records/Records of the Grand Historian 31. 大跃进Great Leap Forward (Movement) 32. 《西游记》The Journey to the West 33. 除夕Chinese New Year’s Eve/Eve of the Spring Festival 34. 针灸Acupuncture 35. 唐三彩Tri-color Pottery of the Tang Dynasty/ The Tang Tri-colored pottery 36. 中国特色的社会主义Chinese-charactered Socialist/Socialist with Chinese characteristics 37. 偏旁radical 38. 孟子Mencius 39. 亭/阁Pavilion/ Attic 40. 大中型国有企业Large and Medium-sized State-owned Enterprises 41. 火药gunpowder 42. 农历Lunar Calendar 43. 印/玺Seal/Stamp 44. 物质精神文明建设The Construction of Material Civilization and Spiritual Civilization 45. 京剧Beijing Opera/Peking Opera 46. 秦腔Crying of Qin People/Qin Opera 47. 太极拳Tai Chi 48. 独生子女证The Certificate of One-child 49. 天坛Altar of Heaven in Beijing 50. 小吃摊Snack Bar/Snack Stand 51. 红双喜Double Happiness 52. 政治辅导员Political Counselor/School Counselor 53. 春卷Spring Roll(s) 54. 莲藕Lotus Root 55. 追星族Star Struck 56. 故宫博物院The Palace Museum 57. 相声Cross-talk/Comic Dialogue 58. 下岗Lay off/Laid off 59. 北京烤鸭Beijing Roast Duck 60. 高等自学考试Self-taught Examination of Higher Education 61. 烟花爆竹fireworks and firecracker 62. 敦煌莫高窟Mogao Caves 63. 电视小品TV Sketch/TV Skit 64. 香港澳门同胞Compatriots from Hong Kong and Macao 65. 文化大革命Cultural Revolution 66. 长江中下游地区The Mid-low Reaches of Yangtze River 67. 门当户对Perfect Match/Exact Match 68. 《水浒》Water Margin/Outlaws of the Marsh 69. 中外合资企业Joint Ventures 70. 文房四宝笔墨纸砚"The Four Treasure of the Study" "Brush, Inkstick, Paper, and Inkstone" 71.兵马俑cotta Warriors/ Terracotta Army 72.旗袍cheongsam。73.光棍节Singles day 74. 相亲谎言Blind date lie 75. 北京精神Beijing spirit 76. 鱼疗Fish pedicure 77. 白名单White list 78. 后窗文化Rear window culture 79. 垃圾时尚Trashion 80. 放养老公Free-range husband
中国古代文学
红楼梦A Dream of Red Mansion/Chamber
水浒Water Margin
西游记Journey to the West
三国演义Romance of the Three Kingdoms
聊斋志异Strange Tales from a Scholar’s Studio
中华民族的喜庆节日(Chinese Festivial)
国庆节National Day中秋节Mid-Autumn Day/Festival 除夕Chinese New Year’s Eve/Eve of the Spring Festival春节Spring Festival 元宵节Lantern Festival 儿童节Children’s Day 端午节Dragon Boat Festival 妇女节Women’s Day 泼水节Water-Splashing Day 教师节Teachers’Day 五四青年节Youth Day
传统节日词汇
拜年pay a new year call 爆竹firecracker 鞭炮 a string of small fire crackers 大扫除year-end household 灯谜lantern riddles 庙会temple fair 年画new year’s picture 挂年画to hang out new year’s picture 年夜饭family reunion dinner on lunar new year 守岁to stay awake all night 年糕glutinous cake for new year 大年初一the first day of the first lunar month 八宝饭eight-treasure rice pudding 对联poetic couplets 贴春联to put up antithetical couplets 糊窗花to put up window paper-cuts 压岁钱money given to children as a lunar new year gift
民俗词汇
轿子sedans 风车pinwheel 杂技acrobatics 魔术magic 拨浪鼓shaking drum 竹苗bamboo flute 皮影shadow puppet 糖人sugar-molded 四合院courtyard homes 踩高跷stilt walk 武术martial arts 人力车rickshaw 宫灯palace lantern 猜拳finger-guessing game 说书monologue story-telling 老字号time-honored 相声cross talk
中国独特的传统饮食(Unique Traditional Chinese Foods)
馄饨wonton 锅贴guotie (fried jiaozi) 春卷Spring Roll(s) 莲藕Lotus Root 花卷steamed twisted rolls 套餐set meal 盒饭box lunch; Chinese take-away 米豆腐rice tofu 魔芋豆腐konjak tofu 米粉rice noodles 冰糖葫芦 a stick of sugar-coated haws (or apples,etc.) 火锅Hot Pot 八宝饭eight-treasure rice pudding 粉丝glass noodles 豆腐脑jellied bean curd 北京烤鸭Beijing Roast Duck 小吃摊Snack Bar/Snack Stand
特有的一些汉语词汇
武术martial arts 气功Qigong 打擂台to fight a challenge fight in an arena 听评书to listen to historical or traditional stories 下象棋to play Chinese chess 练习书法to make special studies of calligraphy 画国画to do traditional Chinese painting 题诗to inscribe a poem 求对to match an antithetical couplet禅宗Zen Buddhism 禅dhyana; dhgaya 混沌chaos 道Daosim, the way and its power 四谛Four Noble Truth 八正道Eightfold Path 无常anity 五行说Theory of Five Elements 无我anatman 坐禅metta or transcendental meditation 空sunyata 虚无nothingness 双喜double happiness(中)，a doubled stroke of luck(英) 小品witty skits 相声cross-talk 噱头；掉包袱gimmick, stunt 夜猫子night people; night-owls 本命年this animal year of sb. 处世之道philosophy of life 姻缘yinyuan(prefixed fate of marriage) 还愿redeem a wish (vows)
1. 画类壁画mural 国画Chinese traditional painting 水墨画ink and wash painting 绢画silk painting 木刻画wood engraving 版画engraving 贝雕画shell carving painting 年画new year picture
2.陶器类陶器pottery ware 玉器jade article 瓷器china ware 青瓷celadon 青
铜器bronze ware 景泰蓝cloisonnéenamel 漆器lacquer ware 彩陶painted pottery 唐三彩trio-colored glazed pottery of the Tang Dynasty
3.雕刻类冰雕ice carving 玉雕jade carving 石雕stone carving 骨雕bones carving 贝雕shell carving 木雕wood carving 根雕tree root carving 瓷器雕porcelain carving 象牙雕ivory carving
4.塑像类彩塑painted sculpture 画塑dough figurine 泥人儿clay figure
5.扇类绢扇silk fan 檀香扇sandal wood fan 折扇folding fan
6.宝石类珍珠pearl 玛瑙agate 珊瑚coral 翡翠green jade 琥珀amber 玉jade
7.工艺类刺绣embroidery 双面秀two-sided embroidery 挂毯tapestry 蜡染batik 藤条制品wickerwork 真丝pure silk 烟嘴cigarette holder 鼻烟壶snuff bottle 图章seal盆景potted landscape 屏风screen
中国古代独特事物(Unique Ancient Chinese Items)
宣纸rice paper 衙门yamen 叩头kowtow 孔子Confucius 牌楼pailou；pai-loo 武术wushu(Chinese Martial Arts) 功夫kungfu ；kung fu 中庸the way of medium (cf. Golden Means) 中和harmony (zhonghe) 孝顺to show filial obedience 孝子dutiful son 家长family head 三纲：君为臣纲，父为子纲，夫为妻纲three cardinal guides: ruler guides subject, father guides son husband guides wife 五常：仁、义、理、智、信five constant virtues: benevolence (humanity), righteousness, propriety, wisdom and fidelity 八股文eight-legged essays 多子多福：The more sons/children, the more blessing/ great happiness 养儿防老：raising sons to support one in one’s old age
历史人文history-related
春秋时期The Spring and Autumn Period吐蕃王国Tubo Kingdom王朝dynasty旧石器时代Paleolithic times 清朝帝王Qing emperors文成公主Tang Princess Wencheng春秋时代The Spring and Autumn Period大思想家和教育家A great thinker and educator慈禧太后Empress Dowager CiXi祭祀offer sacrifices君主monarch皇妃Imperial concubine丞相Prime minister太监Court eunuch古装Ancient costume朝代dynasty 历代various dynasty 少数民族ethnic minority蒙古族Mongolian 藏族Tibetan 维吾尔族Uygur 纳西族Naxi minority阿坝藏族自治州Aba Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture
古代器具Ancient utensils考古学家archaeologist发掘unearth吉尼斯世界纪录The Guinness Book of World Records公元AD 公元前BC诞生地Birthplace历史文物historical relics历史遗迹Historical site青铜器Bronze ware文人men of letters 雅士refined scholars 文物cultural relics 西域western countries
中国古代四大发明
火药gunpowder 指南针compass 造纸术paper-making techniques 印刷术paper-printing technique
具有文化特色的现代表述
大陆中国Mainland China 红宝书little red book 红色中国socialist China 四化Four Modernizations 终生职业job-for-life 铁饭碗iron rice bowl 大锅饭communal pot 关系户closely-related units 外出打工人员migrant workers 关系网personal nets, closely-knitted guild 五讲(讲文明、讲礼貌、讲卫生、讲秩序、讲道德)：the Five Merits focus on decorum, manners, hygiene,
disciplines and morals四美(心灵美、语言美、行为美、环境美)：the Four Virtues are golden heart, refined language, civilized behavior, and green environment
近一季度见诸报端的中国现代特色词汇翻译
基层监督grass-roots supervision 基础税率base tariff level 婚介所matrimonial agency婚外恋extramarital love 婚纱摄影bride photo 黑心棉shoddy cotton 机器阅卷machine scoring 即开型奖券scratch-open ticket/lottery 集中精力把经济建设搞上去go all out for economic development 价格听证会public price hearings 甲A球队Division A Soccer Team 家政服务household management service 加强舆论监督ensure the correct orientation is maintained in public opinion 假帐accounting fraud 叫板challenge; pick a quarrel 矫情use lame arguments 渐进式台独gradual Taiwan independence 借调temporarily transfer 扩大中等收入者比重Raise the proportion of the middle-income group. 扩大内需，刺激消费expand domestic demand and consumption
中国新兴事物(Newly Sprouted Things)
中国电信China Telecom 中国移动China Mobile 十五计划the 10th Five-Year Plan 中国电脑联网Chinanet 三峡工程the Three Gorges Project 希望工程Project Hope 京九铁路Beijing CKowloon Railway 扶贫工程Anti-Poverty Project 菜篮子工程Vegetable Basket Project 温饱工程Decent-Life Project 安居工程Economy Housing Project 扫黄Porn-Purging Campaign 西部大开发Go-West Campaign
旅游热点/景点英语词汇大全
秦始皇陵the Mausoleum of Emperor Qinshihuang兵马俑Terracotta Warriors and horses/Terra-cotta Army青铜战车战马bronze chariots and horses 与实物一样大小life-size 临潼区Lintong District 大雁塔Big Wild Goose Pagoda丝绸之路the Silk Road敦煌Dunhuang敦煌莫高窟Mogao Grottoes / Caves, Dunhuang千佛洞Thousand-Buddha Cave壁画murals / fresco佛经Buddhist Sutra塔里木盆地Tarim Basin 土鲁番Turpan华清池Huaqing Hot Springs河西走廊Hexi Corridor昆山市city of Kunshan帕米尔山区Pamir Mountainous Region三峡Three Gorges月牙泉Crescent Spring桂林Guilin阳朔Yangshuo板石街（又名“西洋街”）Slabstone Street, also known as “the Western Street”象鼻山Elephant Trunk Hill 独秀峰the peak of unique beauty七星岩the seven star crag叠彩山Piled Silk Hill 骆驼山Camel Hill漓江游cruise on the Li River三山晓色three Hill at Dawn青峰倒影Green Peaks Reflected on Water月牙山Crescent Hill千佛岩Cliff of Thousand Buddhas滇池Lake Dianchi黑龙潭Black Dragon Pool珠江夜游Pearl River Night Cruise岷江Minjiang river野生动物园Safari Park中国民俗文化村China Folk Culture Villages佛教四大名山Four famous Buddhist Mountains五台山Wutai Mountain普陀山Mount Putuo九华山Jiuhua Mountain峨嵋山Mount Emei 五岳China’s five great / sacred mountains武当山Wudang Mountain嵩山Songshan Mountain少林寺Shaolin Temple泰山Mount Tai岱庙Dai Temple日光顶Riguan Peak - the Sun Watching Peak玉皇顶Peak of the Heavenly Emperor黄山Mount Huangshan; Yellow Mountain迎客松Guest-Greeting Pine半山寺Mid-Hill Temple云谷寺Cloudy Valley Temple光明顶Bright Summit天都峰Heavenly Capital Peak莲花峰Lotus Peak奇松strangely-shaped pines 怪石grotesque rock
formations 云海seas of clouds 温泉hot springs 紫金山天文台Purple Mountain Observatory南天门The Heavenly Southern Gate午门meridian gate天坛the Temple of Heaven紫禁城the Forbidden City 故宫the Imperial Place故宫博物院the Palace Museum护城河Moat回音壁echo wall居庸关Juyongguan pass长寿山the longevity hill九龙壁the nine dragon wall黄龙洞the yellow dragon cave大清真寺great mosque黄帝陵Huang Di Mausoleum十三陵Ming Tombs中山陵Dr. Sun Yat-sen’s Mausoleum成吉思汗陵Mausoleum of Genghis Khan鲁迅故居Luxun’s former residence（重庆）渣滓洞Cinder Cave（重庆）红岩村Red Crag Village(延安) 宝塔山Pagoda Hill东方威尼斯Oriental Venice苏州园林Suzhou gardens 狮子林Lion Grove Garden怡园Joyous Garden留园lingering Garden网师园Garden of the Master of Nets耦园（谐音偶，佳偶之意）Garden of Couple’s Retreat西湖West Lake苏堤Su Causeway白堤Bai Causeway断桥Broken Bridge外西湖Outer West Lake九寨沟jiuzhaigou布达拉宫Potala Palace日月潭Lake Sun Moon 名胜古迹places of scenic beauty and historical interests / scenic spots and historical sites 堡fort, fortress城堡castle长廊The Long Corridor殿hall拱顶vault鼓楼drum-tower荷塘lotus pond湖石假山Lakeside rocks and rockeries祭坛altar角楼watchtower九曲桥Bridge of Nine Turnings廊corridor陵墓emperor’s mausoleum/tomb楼towermansion牌楼pailou, decorated archway桥bridges水榭pavilion on the water塔pagoda; tower台terrace坛altar梯staircase亭阁pavilion 亭台楼阁pavilions, terraces, and towers; a general reference to the elaborate Chinese architecture溪streams行宫A temporary imperial palace钟楼bell-tower柱pillar, column, post碑刻, 碑文, 碑铭inscriptions on a tablet碑林the forest of steles, tablet forest碑座pedestal of the tablet壁画murals; fresco避暑山庄mountain resort避暑胜地summer resort 冬季旅游胜地Winter resort度假胜地holiday resort佛教胜地Buddhist resort滑雪胜地Ski resort 冰山iceberg火山volcano青山green hill场所site, venue, locale, seat 出土unearth 道观Taoist temple道教名山Taoist mountain 堤防embankment地下军团buried legion雕塑Sculptures 雕像statue顶点Summit 定情之物token of love洞穴/岩洞cave; cavern仿古制品antique replica复制品Replica高超工艺superior workmanship孤柏Lone cypress古董antique, antiquity, curio古迹place of historical interest古建筑群ancient architectural / building complex古墓ancient tomb古松Age-old pine trees古玩店antique/curio shop国家公园national park海平面Sea level号称五岳之首rank first of the five great mountains in china后裔Descendant回廊corridor甲骨文inscription on bones and tortoiseshells 假山rockeries 建筑风格Architectural style 江南水乡south of the lower reaches of the Yangtze River景象Spectacle领略自然景观的魅力appreciate the charms of natural landscape蜜月度假胜地honeymoon resort名山famous mountain / mountain resort名山大川famous mountains and great rivers 摩崖石刻Carved out of a cliff瀑布waterfall, fall小瀑布cascade飞瀑plunging waterfall曲阜Qufu 曲径winding path人文景观places of historic figures and cultural heritage 人造物品Artifact日出Sunrise日落Sunset溶洞water-eroded cave溶岩景色，喀斯特地貌Karst scenery 石舫stone boat石灰池Calcified pond石灰岩洞limestone cave石窟grotto石牌Stone steles石桥Stone bridge石笋stalagmite石像Portrait stone世界第八大奇迹eighth wonder of the world 世界七大奇迹seven wonders of the world 世界文化遗产保护地World Heritage Sites (WHS)世界之窗Window of
the World书法真迹calligraphic relics水乡景色riverside scenery私家园林Private garden四大奇观Four wonders 缩影Miniature天下第一洞The most spectacular cave unparalleled elsewhere in the world天下第一泉The finest spring under heaven 武当功夫Wudang martial arts险峰perilous peaks 香格里拉Shangri-la (earthly paradise or utopia -- generally secluded and peaceful)镶嵌inlay修复Renovate雪峰snow-topped peaks雪山Snow-capped mountain釉面砖Glazed tile御花园imperial garden园林建筑Garden architecture原始森林virgin forest藻类algae植物园botanical garden 主题公园theme park自然景观natural attraction; natural landscape / scenery 综合建筑building complex坐佛Sitting Buddha;