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初中英语语法知识—被动语态的分类汇编及解析

初中英语语法知识—被动语态的分类汇编及解析
初中英语语法知识—被动语态的分类汇编及解析

一、选择题

1.We hope that more trees________in our city next year.

A.plant B.were planted

C.planted D.will be planted

2.—Excuse me, sir, smoking ________ in the high-speed train.

—Oh, I'm really sorry. I won’t do it anymore.

A.isn’t allowed B.wasn’t allowed C.doesn’t allow D.won’t allow 3.My brother _____ to read by my mother when he was very young.

A.teaches B.is taught C.was teaching D.was taught 4.Too much water________ every day in the world. We should save it.

A.wasted B.are wasted C.is wasted D.was wasted 5.His plays by millions of people.

A.read B.will read C.are read D.is read

6.It's said that petrol(石油) _____________ in less than 100 years. So we should try to walk more instead of driving cars.

A.used for B.will be used up C.used up D.will be used for 7.—The 2022 Winter Olympic Games in China. —I’m sure it will be a great success. A.hold B.will hold C.were held D.will be held 8.When Tim ________ why he was late for school, he just kept silent.

A.was asked B.asked

C.was asking D.is asked

9.This special pen _________ for writing large size words.

A.use B.uses C.is using D.is uesd 10.—Zheng Yuan, why did you go on a vacation to Weifang?

— You know I'm a fan of kites. The international kite festival _____there in April every year. A.is held B.was held C.will be held

11.I won't leave my office until my work___________.

A.finishes B.will finish C.is finished D.finishing 12.The mobile phone has influenced people’s life a lot since it _________.

A.invents B.invented

C.is invented D.was invented

13.--- Mom, where is my model plane?

--- Oh, it ______ to Jenny yesterday.

A.is lent B.lends C.was lent D.lent 14.—Where did you go last night?

—I to go to Li Lei’s birthday party.

A.asked B.am asked C.have been asked D.was asked 15.—Your hometown is beautiful,and the air is really fresh.

—Yes.Many trees and flowers around here every year.

A.plant B.are planted C.was planted D.will plant 16.—I’m afraid I can’t finish the job in such a short time.

—Don’t worry. Can you do it if you_______ two more hours.?

A.give B.are given C.will give D.will be given 17.We' re proud that our school is________one of the best schools in our province.

A.think to be B.thought to C.thought to be D.thought will be 18.Mr. White tells us the calls meeting will be cancelled if no agreement _________ tomorrow. A.is reached B.will be reached

C.is going to be reached D.has been reached

19.—Can Mr. King spare some time for the meeting?

—If he ________,he will try his best to make it.

A.will be invited B.is invited C.invites D.invited

20.The flowers ________ every day, or they will die.

A.must water B.can be watered

C.should water D.must be watered

21.If a driver _________ to park in the wrong place, he’ll get a fine.

A.finds B.is found C.has found

22.(2017 ? 安徽)Mr. Green _________ to sing an English song at the party and he sang well. A.was invited B.invited C.is invited D.invites 23.—Tom is always careless with his schoolwork. Could you help him?

—No problem! I think he _______ to think twice before starting.

A.should be told B.can tell C.should tell D.can be telling 24.The strawberries_________on the farm last year.

A.plant B.planted C.are planted D.were planted 25.—Grandpa, who is the cute boy in this photo?

—It’s your father. It _________about 30 years ago.

A.took B.takes C.was taken D.is taken

26.As we all know, the Anti-Japanese War ________ in 1937, and ________ for eight years. A.was broken out; lasted B.broke into;lasted

C.broke out; was lasted D.broke out;lasted

27.In the future, more and more high-speed railways ________ in China.

A.are built B.will build C.were built D.will be built

28.I don’t think teenagers should to go to net bars.

A.allow B.be allowing C.allowed D.be allowed

【参考答案】***试卷处理标记,请不要删除

一、选择题

1.D

解析:D

【解析】

【详解】

句意:我们希望明年我们的城市能种更多的树。

考查动词的时态和语态。主语more trees和动词plant是被动关系。根据时间状语“next year”可知我们希望明年我们的城市能种更多的树,讲述的将来的动作,是要用一般将来时的被动语态,其构成为will be done。故选D。

【点睛】

句子的谓语动词不仅要考虑时态,也要考虑语态。根据时间状语可以判断出时间是现在、过去或是将来;根据主语与谓语动词的关系可以判断出是主动还是被动。此句“next year”是一般将来时的标志,树与种植是被动关系,综合起来是一般将来时的被动语态,所以答案为will be done。

2.A

解析:A

【解析】

【详解】

句意:——打扰一下,先生,在高铁上不允许吸烟。——哦,真的很抱歉,我不会再吸烟了。

考查一般现在时的被动语态。isn’t allowed不被允许,一般现在时的被动语态;wasn’t allowed一般过去时的被动语态;doesn’t allow不允许,一般现在时;won’t allow一般将来时。根据句意可知,主语smoking与动词之间构成被动关系,应用被动语态,先排除C和D。根据对话的意思可知,这里陈述客观事实,应用一般现在时态。故选A。

3.D

解析:D

【解析】

【详解】

句意:当我哥哥非常小的时候,他是由妈妈教会读书的。

本题考查时态和语态。teaches是一般现在时的主动形式;is taught是一般现在时的被动形式;was teaching是过去进行时;was taught是一般过去时的被动形式。根据when he was very young可知,此处用一般过去时,主语my brother与谓语teach之间是被动关系,故选D。

4.C

解析:C

【解析】

【详解】

句意:世界上每天都浪费太多的水,我们应该节约它。

考查动词。wasted浪费,waste的过去式;are wasted被浪费,说明主语是复数的情况;is wasted被浪费,说明主语是单数的情况;was wasted被浪费,用于过去式,说明主语是单数的情况。根据“every day”说明是一般现在时;根据“We should save it”可知,前句是说:太多的水被浪费。Too much water和动词waste构成被动关系。water是不可数名词,谓语动词用is。根据一般现在时的被动语态结构“主语+be+及物动词的过去分词”,故选C。5.C

解析:C

【解析】

【详解】

句意:他的剧本被数百万人阅读。

本题考查时态和语态。read是一般现在时的主动形式;will read是一般将来时的主动形式;are read是一般现在时的被动形式;is read是一般现在时的被动形式。根据by可知,此处用被动语态,主语his plays是复数形式,因此谓语用复数形式。故选C。

6.B

解析:B

【解析】

【详解】

句意:据说石油将在不到100年就用完了。所以我们应该努力多走路,而不是开车。

本题考查动词短语和时态语态。used for用于,是一般过去时;will be used up将被用完,是一般将来时的被动语态;used up用完,是一般过去时;will be used for将被用于,是一般将来时的被动语态。根据in less than 100 years可知,此处用一般将来时,结合句意,我们要多走路,而不是开车,表示石油会被用完的,故选B。

7.D

解析:D

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

句意:2022年冬奥会将在中国举行。我相信它会取得巨大成功。考查一般将来时的被动语态。根据The 2022 Winter Olympic Games in China.可知主语Winter Olympic Games是动词hold的承受者,而且时间2022是将来的时间,所以应用一般将来时的被动语态,其结构为:will be+动词过去分词,hold的过去分词是held;结合选项可知D选项符合题意,故答案选D。

8.A

解析:A

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

试题分析:考查一般过去时的被动语态用法。句意:当Tim被问到为什么上学迟到的时候,他只是保持沉默。主语和ask之间是被动关系,所以用被动语态;分析句子,可由主

句知道,本句的事情发生在过去,故从句要用一般过去时。根据句意,故选A。

9.D

解析:D

【解析】

【详解】

句意:这种特殊的笔是用来写大字的。

考查被动语态。use使用;原形;uses使用,第三人称单数;is using正在使用,现在进行时; is uesd被使用,一般现在时态被动语态。主语是This special pen可知用一般现在时态的被动语态,短语be used for…被用来做……。根据题意,故选D。

10.A

解析:A

【解析】

【详解】

句意:——郑媛,你为什么去潍坊度假?——你知道我是一个风筝迷。每年的四月份国际风筝节在那举行。

考查动词时态。A. is held一般现在时的被动语态;B. was held一般过去时的被动语态;C. will be held一般将来时的被动语态。根据句子的时间状语in April every year可知,句子应为一般现在时的被动语态,故选A。

11.C

解析:C

【解析】

【详解】

句意:我直到完成工作才会离开办公室。

本题考查时态和语态。finishes是一般现在时,will finish是一般将来时,is finished是一般现在时的被动形式;finishing是现在分词或动名词。until引导的时间状语从句用一般现在时,主语my work与谓语finish之间是被动关系,用被动语态。故选C。

12.D

解析:D

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

句意:自从3G手机被发明,他们已经对人们的生活有了很大的影响。

考查被动语态的用法。invents一般现在时;invented 一般过去时;is invented一般现在时的被动语态;was invented一般过去时的被动语态。根据句意可知手机和发明是被动关系,可知使用被动语态;since引导的时间状语从句,主句一般使用现在完成时,since后面的从句使用一般过去时态;故此句是一般过去式的被动语态;故选D

13.C

解析:C

【解析】

试题分析:句意:--妈妈,我的飞机模型在哪里?--哦,昨天借给了詹妮。因为句子的主语是it,代指的是my model plane,my model plane与lend之间是被动关系。句子的时间状语是yesterday,所以应该用一般过去时的被动语态,故选C。

考点:考查被动语态的用法。

14.D

解析:D

【解析】

试题分析:通过上句的last night可知,本句应该是过去时,故排除BC;根据句意可知,“我”应该是被邀请参加李雷的生日晚会的,要用被动语态,所以本题选D。

考点:本题考查时态和语态。

点评:完成本题时,首先应注意时态,然后确定语态问题。另外注意be asked to do sth.表示“被要求做某事”。

15.B

解析:B

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

句意:-----你的家乡很美,空气很清新。----是的。这里每年都种很多树和花。考查一般现在时的被动语态。一般现在时的被动语态构成:is/am/are +done。A. plant一般现在时;B. are planted一般现在时的被动语态;C. was planted一般过去时的被动语态;D. will plant一般将来时。根据every year(每一年)可知此句时态是一般现在时,结合句意可知主语是动作的受动者,可是此句语态是被动语态,即此句是一般现在时的被动语态,一般现在时的被动语态构成:is/am/are +done。可知选B。

16.B

解析:B

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

句意:——我担心我不能在这么短的时间里完成工作。——不要担心,如果再多两个小时,你做得到吗?

考查if引导的条件状语从句。give给,原形;are given被给,被动语态;will give将会给,将来时;will be given将会被给。在if引导的状语从句中,用一般现在时代替一般将来时;主语you是动作的承受者,所以用被动语态。故选B。

17.C

解析:C

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

句意:我们很自豪,我们的学校被认为是我们省最好的学校之一。

考查被动语态和固定搭配的用法。think +名词/代词 to be(做宾补)认为什么……;our school和认为之间是被动关系,表示被认为,所以用被动语态,故think要用过去分词形式thought。故选C。

18.A

解析:A

【解析】

【详解】

句意:怀特先生告诉我们,如果明天没有达成协议,电话会议将取消。本题是含有if引导的条件状语从句的复合句。在 if 引导的条件状语从句中,如果从句谈论的是一个有可能发生的事实及其产生的相关的结果,主句用一般将来时态,从句用一般现在时态。选项的位置在 if 引导的条件状语从句中,要用一般现在时态,B C选项是将来时态不符合题意要排除。D选项是现在完成时态不符合题意要排除。Reach an agreement达成协议固定短语搭配。agreement is reached协议做主语要用被动语态,故选A。

【点睛】

if 条件句不一般,几个要点记心间;

条件句,放在前,逗号要放句中间。

条件句表可能,主句多用将来时;

条件句表事实,主句常用现在时。

在 if 引导的条件状语从句中,如果从句谈论的是一个有可能发生的事实及其产生的相关的结果,主句用一般将来时态,从句用一般现在时态。如:

We can walk there if we can't find a bus.

If it rains tomorrow, we will not go to the zoo.

What will you do if you find a panda in danger.

如果 if 条件句谈论的是重复发生和预示要发生的情景和事件,则主从句大多用一般现在时态。如: If bears are in danger, they attack people.

注意:

在 if 引导的条件状语从句中,if 和条件句位置灵活,可直接放在主句后面,若 if 条件句放句首,从句后面要加逗号,和主句隔开。还要注意前后时态一致原则。

19.B

解析:B

【解析】

句意:——金先生会挤出一些时间去聚会吗?——如果他被邀请,他将尽最大努力去。主句为一般将来时态,因此if引导的条件状语从句应用一般现在时态,排除A,由语境可知,金先生应是“被邀请”,因此应用被动语态,故选B。

20.D

解析:D

【解析】

试题分析:此题重点考查被动语态,由于主语是动作的承受者,该句要用被动语态,排除

A、C;根据句意:“每天一定要浇花,否则他们会死掉”B答案语气太委婉,因此要用must be+过去分词,故选D

考点:含情态动词的被动语态

点评:该题考查被动语态,做题时首先分析题干的主语是动作的执行者还是动作的承受者,若是动作的承受者就要用被动语态,特别要主语被动语态的结构,be+动词的过去分词21.B

解析:B

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

句意:如果司机被发现在错误的地方停车,他会被罚款。本题主要考查一般现在时被动语态。结合句意可知,司机是被发现,故应使用被动语态,is found符合题意。故答案选B。22.A

解析:A

【解析】

试题分析:句意:格林先生在派对上被邀请唱了一首英语歌,并且他唱得非常好。A. was invited被邀请,被动结构;B. invited 邀请,过去式; C. is invited 被动结构,一般现在时;

D. invites第三人称单数形式。根据he sang well.可知用过去时态,再根据主语和谓语动词之间是动宾关系,所以用被动语态的过去时态,故选A。

考点:考查被动语态的用法。

23.A

解析:A

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

试题分析:句意:——汤姆总是对他的学业很粗心。你能帮助他吗?——没问题!我认为他应该被告知在开始之前应再三思考。结合句意,他粗心,因此应告诉他要三思而后行,故应是被告知,故用被动语态,故选A。

24.D

解析:D

【解析】

【详解】

句意:草莓是去年在农场种的。

考查一般过去时态被动语态。plant种植,原形;planted种植,过去式;. are planted被种植,一般现在时态被动语态;were planted被种植,一般过去式的被动语态。主语是the strawberries可知,用被动语态,排除AB;根据时间状语last year可知用一般过去式时态的被动语态,其结构是were done的形式。根据题意,故选D。

25.C

解析:C

【解析】

【详解】

句意:——爷爷,这张照片里的可爱男孩是谁?——是你的父亲。这是30年前拍的。

考查一般过去时的被动语态。took一般过去时;takes一般现在时的动词三单;was taken 一般过去时的被动语态;is taken一般现在时的被动语态。分析句子可知,本句主语It是动作take的承受者,所以应用被动语态;又因为本句时间状语是30 years ago,所以此处是一般过去时的被动语态。故选C。

26.D

解析:D

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

句意:众所周知,抗日战争在1937年爆发,持续了八年时间。

考查动词短语辨析和被动语态。break out爆发,不及物动词词组,无被动,故A错误;break into强行闯入,及物动词词组,后面必须跟宾语。根据句意,是爆发战争,故B错误。last持续,不及物动词,无被动,故C错误。故选D。

【点睛】

有几种动词和动词词组是没有被动的:1.不及物动词和不及物动词词组;2.系动词;3.表示事物属性的动词。例如本题,break out为不及物动词词组,last为不及物动词,所以都没有被动。

27.D

解析:D

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

句意:未来,中国将修建越来越多的高铁。

考查时态与语态,A. are built一般现在时的被动语态;B. will build 一般将来时;C. were built一般过去时的被动语态;D. will be built一般将来时的被动语态。根据“In the future”可知用将来时,排除AC。这里的主语“high-speed railways”与谓语“build”直接的关系是被动关系,关系D。

28.D

解析:D

【解析】

【详解】

句意:我认为不应该允许青少年去网吧。

考查被动语态辨析。allow 动词原形;be allowing 现在进行时;allowed 一般过去时;be allowed 一般现在时的被动语态。should是情态动词,后接动词原形。主语teenager与动词allow之间是被动关系,所以用被动语态be done的结构,所以空格处填be allowed。故选

D。

初中英语语法:被动语态

初中英语语法:被动语态 概念:英语有两种语态,主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是谓语动词动作的执行者或发出者,被动语态表示主语是谓语动词动作的承受者。 构成:被动语态由“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词”构成; 助动词be有人称、数及时态的变化; 含有情态动词的被动语态由“情态动词+be+及物动词的过去分词”构成 被动语态的否定式是在助动词后加否定词not;而疑问式是将助动词移到主语前面即可Stamps can be used for sending letters. 邮票能用来寄信。 He was asked to go to the meeting immediately. 他被要求立刻去参加这个会议。 This kind of bike is not made in Tianjin. 这种自行车不是天津制造的。 Is this kind of bike make in Tianjin? 这种自行车是在天津制造的吗? 用法1.当我们不知道动作的执行者是谁或没有必要知道时,常用被动语态。 These desks are made of wood. 这些桌子是由木头做成的。 2.当需要强调动作的承受者时,常用被动语态。 Dictionaries can’t be used in the English exam. 词典不能在英语测试中使用。 3.为了使语气婉转、避免提到自己或对方、或由于修饰的需要而使用被动语态。 The homework must be handed in next Monday. 作业必须下周一交上。

被动语态的转换步骤:当主动语态变为被动语态时,通常要经过四步: 1.先确定主动句的主、谓、宾,找出其谓语动词。 2.把主动句中谓语动词后面的宾语变成被动句的主语,若宾语是人称代词时,应把宾格 变为主格 3.把主动句中的谓语动词变为“be+及物动词的过去分词”,但时态不能改变。 4.把主动句中谓语动词前面的主语变为被动句中介词by的宾语(没必要说出动作的执 行者时可略去“by+宾语”),若主语是人称代词时,应把主格变成宾格。 We clean the classroom every day. 我们每天打扫教室。 The classroom is cleaned by us every day. 教室每天都由我们打扫。 主动语态变被动语态应注意:1.时态要一致。 I wrote a letter to my pen pal yesterday. (一般过去时) A letter was written to my pen pal yesterday (by me). They will discuss the plan at the meeting. 2.含双宾语(直接宾语和间接宾语)的主动结构变为被动结构时,可将其中一个宾语变 为主语,另一个不变;如果将主动结构的直接宾语变为被动语态的主语,这时一般要加个介词to或for。My parents gave me a watch. I was given a watch by my parents. A watch was given to me by my parents. His father bought him a computer last week. 3.在主动语态中,使役动词如make,let,have或感官动词如hear,watch,see后跟 不带to的不定式作宾语补足语,但在被动语态里必须带to。 My parents often made me babysit my little sister .

被动语态知识点讲解(更全面,思路清晰)

被动语态 一、主动语态与被动语态的概念: 语态 ---- 说明主语和谓语之间的关系 英语动词的语态有两种:⑴主动语态:表示主语是动作的执行者 ⑵被动语态:表示主语是动作的承受者(常常没在有必要指出动作的执行 者情况下使用) 例:They speak English. (主动语态) 主谓宾 English is spoken by them. (被动语态) 主语谓语介词短语 注:☆及物动词有被动语态,不及物动词必须带有介词才可以有被动语态。 例:⑴We listen to the teacher carefully in class. 主谓宾 →The teacher is listened to by us carefully in class. 主语谓语介词短语 ⑵We laughed at him . →He was laughed at by us. 二、被动语态的结构与应用情况: ㈠基本结构: 肯定句式:be +done (及物动词的过去分词) + 相应的介词或副词 否定句式:be +not +done 疑问句式:be动词(情态动词)放句首 被动语态中的be为助动词,无意义。be可能是am , is , are也可能是was ,were或原形be。 注:☆被动语态的时态是由be的时态决定的,be是什么时态,全句就是什么时态,be后面的过去分词不变。 Eg: 1、The song is liked by young people. (肯定句)

2、The song isn’t liked by young people (否定句) 3、Is the song liked by young people (一般疑问句) 4、Who is the song liked by =By whom is the song liked (特殊疑问句) ㈡各种时态的构成(动词以do为例): 时态动词的被动形式例句 一般现在时am/is /are done He is asked to do this. 一般过去时was/were done The story was told by her mother. 一般将来时will /shall be done The problem will be discussed tomorrow. Is/are going to 过去将来时should/would be done He said the trees would be planted soon. Was/were are going to 现在进行时am/is/are being done The novel is being written. 过去进行时was/were being done At that time the desk was being made. 现在完成时has/have been done The house has been built. 过去完成时had been done They said that their work had been finished. 含有情态动词的被动语态:情态动词+be+ done Your homework must be handed in today. 其它几种特殊句型:It is said that ……..It is well known that …….It is reported that…… 例:①History is made by the people. (一般现在时) ②The cars were made in Tianjin in 1995. (一般过去时) ③The tree will be cut down next year.(一般将来时) ④The room must be kept clean. (含有情态动词的被动语态) ⑤The door is being opened. (现在进行时) ⑥The film has been seen by me. (现在完成时) 注:☆不同时态的被动语态的差异主要体现在助动词be的变化上,同时助动词be还要在人称和数上与主语保持一致。 (三)应用情况 行为的执行者不明确或不必说出来。

(专题精选)初中英语语法知识—副词的全集汇编附解析

一、选择题 1.The poor woman lives _________.But she never feels ________. A.alone; lonely B.lonely; lonely C.alone; alone D.lonely; alone 2.My sister is too young to_______herself_______. A.look at;good B.look like;well C.look after;good D.look after;well 3.—You’re going to Hong Kong. What are you doing_______? —I’m going sightseeing. It will be ________time in Hong Kong. A.to there; the first B.there; my first C.in there; my first D.there; my the first 4.Jack sings _________ and he is a _________ singer(歌手). A.nice; good B.well; good C.good; well 5.—How often does he watch TV? —He watches TV. A.hard ever B.ever C.never 6.—Susan, someone is waiting for you on the phone. It_______ be your sister, but I’m not sure.— Oh, please tell her to call me_______ be cause I’m busy now. A.might; later B.must; later C.might; late D.must; late 7.Li Hua studies very_______ and her English is_______ in her class. A.hardly; good B.hardly; well C.hard; best D.hard; the best 8.My brother plays soccer . A.good B.well C.great 9.My mother usually at 5:30 in the afternoon. A.get home B.get to home C.gets to home D.gets home 10.—I can’t find my dog. —________ you can ask the policeman for help. A.Why not B.May be C.Shall D.Perhaps 11.We’ll meet kinds of difficulti es in our lives in the future.We should learn to be ________any challenge! A.confident enough to take on B.active enough to take up C.enough careful to take up D.enough patient to take on 12.—Do you often go shopping with your mom, Mike? —You know, most boys ________ go shopping, but I do. A.sometimes B.usually C.hardly 13.Suzy felt _________ when she studied __________ in London. A.alone; lonely B.alone; alone C.lonely; lonely D.lonely; alone 14.—Kitty is very good at musical instruments.

初中英语语法知识点总结

英语语法大全 初中英语语法学习提纲 一、词类、句子成分和构词法: 1、词类:英语词类分十种: 名词、形容词、代词、数词、冠词、动词、副词、介词、连词、感叹词。 1、名词(n.):表示人、事物、地点或抽象概念的名称。如:boy, morning, bag, ball, class, orange. 2、代词(pron.):主要用来代替名词。如:who, she, you, it . 3、形容词(adj..):表示人或事物的性质或特征。如:good, right, white, orange . 4、数词(num.):表示数目或事物的顺序。如:one, two, three, first, second, third, fourth. 5、动词(v.):表示动作或状态。如:am, is,are,have,see . 6、副词(adv.):修饰动词、形容词或其他副词,说明时间、地点、程度等如:now, very, here, often, quietly, slowly. 7、冠词(art..):用在名词前,帮助说明名词。如:a, an, the. 8、介词(prep.):表示它后面的名词或代词与其他句子成分的关系。如in, on, from, above, behind. 9、连词(conj.):用来连接词、短语或句子。如and, but, before .

10、感叹词(interj..)表示喜、怒、哀、乐等感情。如:oh, well, hi, hello. 2、句子成分:英语句子成分分为七种:主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、表语、宾语补足语。 1、主语是句子所要说的人或事物,回答是“谁”或者“什么”。通常用名词或代词担任。如:I’m Miss Green.(我是格林小姐) 2、谓语动词说明主语的动作或状态,回答“做(什么)”。主要由动词担任。如:Jack cleans the room every day. (杰克每天打扫房间) 3、表语在系动词之后,说明主语的身份或特征,回答是“什么”或者“怎么样”。通常由名词、代词或形容词担任。如:My name is Ping ping .(我的名字叫萍萍) 4、宾语表示及物动词的对象或结果,回答做的是“什么”。通常由名词或代词担任。 如:He can spell the word.(他能拼这个词) 有些及物动词带有两个宾语,一个指物,一个指人。指物的叫直接宾语,指人的叫间接宾语。间接宾语一般放在直接宾语的前面。如:He wrote me a letter . (他给我写了一封信) 有时可把介词to或for加在间接宾语前构成短语,放在直接宾语后面,来强调间接宾语。如:He wrote a letter to me . (他给我写了一封信) 5、定语修饰名词或代词,通常由形容词、代词、数词等担任。如: Shanghai is a big city .(上海是个大城市)

最全初中英语语法之被动语态

初中英语被动语态复习 一、被动语态概述 语态是动词的一种形式,用以说明主语与谓语动词之间的关系。英语的语态共有两种:主动语态和被动语态。 主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者,被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。 被动语态是动词的一种特殊形式,一般说来,只有需要动作对象的及物动词才有被动语态。汉语往往用"被"、"受"、"给"等词来表示被动意义。 如: He opened the door.他打开了这扇门。(主动语态) The door was opened.这扇门被打开了。(被动语态) 二、被动语态的构成 被动语态由"助动词be+及物动词的过去分词"构成。被动语态的时态变化只改变be的形式,过去分词部分不变。疑问式和否定式的变化也如此。 1、被动语态的时态较常见的八种,现以动词clean为例列表说明: 2、被动语态的句式变化: 以一般现在时和动词invite为例,列表说明被动语态的句式变化: 3、含有情态动词的被动语态 情态动词的被动语态结构为:情态动词+be+过去分词;其时态及句型的变化仅由情态动词完成,"be+过去分词"部分不变。如: Tables can be made of stone.桌子可由石头制造。 Tables could be made of stone at that time. 那时桌子可由石头制造。(一般过去时)

Can tables be made of stone? 桌子能用石头制造吗?(疑问句) 三、主动语态变为被动语态 转换图示: 1、主动语态变为被动语态的步骤: (1)将主动句的宾语变为主语: 注意:如果主动句的宾语是代词,需将其由宾格变为主格。如: Tom killed him. →He was killed by Tom. (2)将动词改为"be+过去分词"。 注意: They held a meeting yesterday. → A meeting was held by them yesterday. 他们昨天开会了。 (3)将主动语态的主语改为be…放在谓语动词后。 注意:如果原主语是代词,则应由主格变为宾格。 He sang a song. →A song was sung by him. 2、主动语态变为被动语态的注意事项: 含有双宾语,即直接宾语(常指事物)和间接宾语(常指人)的句子,每个宾语都可变为被动语态的主语,即其被动语态有两种形式。但多以间接宾语作主语。 Jack told us the truth.杰克告诉了我们真相。 We were told the truth by Jack. The truth was told (to) us by Jack. 四.被动语态的基本用法 1.需要强调动作的承受者时,用被动语态。 Magazines and newspapers in the reading-room mustn't be taken away. 阅览室的杂志和报纸都不能带走。 2.不知道或者没有必要指出动作的执行者时,应使用被动语态。 He was wounded many times during the Anti--Japanese War. 他在抗日战争期间多次负伤。 The problem has to be dealt with right now. 这个问题必须马上处理。 3.当说话人需要强调客观时,用被动语态。 It is said that the temperature tomorrow will be 40℃. 据说明天的气温将要达到摄氏40度。 It is hoped that they will be successful.

初中英语语法知识—被动语态的知识点总复习有答案

一、选择题 1.The weatherman says a heavy rain _______ next week. A.expects B.was expected C.will expect D.will be expected 2.This special pen _________ for writing large size words. A.use B.uses C.is using D.is uesd 3.A new zoo in our town center next month. I think it will be a good place for the teenagers to see the animals. A.build B.will build C.will be built 4.—Zheng Yuan, why did you go on a vacation to Weifang? — You know I'm a fan of kites. The international kite festival _____there in April every year. A.is held B.was held C.will be held 5.Fenghua teaching building _______ 17 years ago. A.built B.is built C.builds D.was built 6.—The classroom is very tidy. —Yes . it every day. A.cleaned B.cleans C.is cleaned 7.—Where did you go last night? —I to go to Li Lei’s birthday party. A.asked B.am asked C.have been asked D.was asked 8.The 24th Winter Olympic Games __________ in Beijing and Zhangjiakou in 2022. A.is held B.will be held C.was held D.holds 9.My book ___________ here in two days through the EMS. A.are sent B.is sent C.will be sent D.will send 10.When the new subway__________, it will take me less time to go to school every day. A.will finish B.is finished C.finished D.will be finished 11.—When can we go to watch the football match? —Not until the work________tomorrow. A.will be done B.has done C.is done D.does 12.Two ____ students ____ to the opening ceremony last Friday. A.hundreds; were invited B.hundred; were invited C.hundreds of ; invited D.hundred of; invited 13.Too much water________ every day in the world. We should save it. A.wasted B.are wasted C.is wasted D.was wasted 14.Many shops in China _________ to shut down as a new law against ivory (象牙) trade came into effect on January 1st, 2018. A.ordered B.didn't order C.were ordered D.weren't ordered 15.Which of the following is right? A.He is used to live there.

中考知识要点简记归纳之初中英语语法知识点(全)

七年级(上) 1. f amily name = last name 姓first name = given name 名字 2. 用某种语言用介词in (如in English ) 3. 电话用语中this that 回答 “I s that Mr.H ” “Yes ,it is ” 4. h at 有边沿的帽子cap 有帽舌的帽子 5.名词的复数形式:①一般+s ②s,x,ch,sh, 结尾的+es ③辅音字母+y 去y 为I,+es ④o 结尾,除了negro hero tomato potato +es ,其余+s ⑥特殊名词复数形式 6.应对道谢Y ou are welcome = That ’s all right =That ’s OK = Not at all = It ’s my pleasure. 7.Here you are = Here it is = It is here 倒装句here +be + 名词here + 代词+be 8. i n 年月季节on 日星期几节日at 钟点 9. j oin 参加加入(团体组织)take part in 参加(活动) 10. be busy doing 11. be strict with sb be strict in sth 12. bring+ 人或物+to + 地点把? 带到某地 bring+ 人或物+for+ 人给某人带来? 13. start doing start + 名词 start to do 的情况:主语是物不是人;start 本身为s t arting 时;其后的动词与想法感情有关14. what time is it ?=what ’s time ?询问钟点回答:It is ? .(一律) 单词:trumpet 喇叭racket (网球羽毛球)球拍plural 复数,复数形式,复数的ninth 第九furniture 家具February 二月eraser 橡皮擦dresser 梳妆台 drum 鼓documentary 纪录片description 描述broccoli 花椰菜biology 生物学comedy 喜剧singular 单数plural 复数 七年级(下) 1. hear from sb. 收到? 的来信 2. be friendly to 对?友好 3. another 另一,再一 other 其他的,别的(无范围)+ 名词(复数) the other 两个中的另一个(通常搭配one? the other ? ) others 其他的人或物(代词) the others 多个中的剩余几个(不加名词,通常搭配some ? .the others ? ) 4. what+be+ 主语?=what do/does+ 主语+do ?询问职业 5. be surprised + at sth./to do sth./ 句子 6. in the corner 屋里某个角落 on the corner = at the corner 街头某个拐角处 7. every day 每天(状语)everyday 日常每天的adj.+ n.. 8. in the tree 在树上(非树本身的一部分)on the tree 在树上(树上的一部分) 9. in hospital 住院in the hospital 在医院工作 10. agree with sb agree to sth 答应agree on/upon/about 达成一致意见 11. tell ? from ? 把? 与? 区别开来 ***

【英语】动词被动语态知识点总结

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