上海中考英语首字母填空专项练习

模块十九：首字母填空

一、首字母填空解题技巧

首字母填空是阅读体中的一个重点和难点，但是只要掌握良

好的解题技巧，静下心来认真对待，细心捉摸就一定能攻克这一

堡垒。在做这道题是一般应该把握好如下步骤：

1、通读全文，理解短文大意，判断需填选项的词性，同时将一

眼能够得出的答案迅速填上。

2、在理解作者的写作意图上进行换位思考，把自己想象成作者

去努力使文章完整、通顺。对于一下子拿不定主意的空项要及时

跳过，而不能在上面纠缠，因为往往后面的内容会给予更好的提

示。

3、进一步阅读全文，力求整篇文章完整通顺，且符合情理，否

则宁缺勿乱。

4、检查每一个答案的正确性，包括名词的数、动词的时态、形

容词和副词的准确运用等等。

二、例题分析：

A

s 1 . ,

d 2 a 3 , . . ,

n 4 . l 5 . , d 6 .

f 7 . t 8 . a m 9 .

f 10 .

【解题指导】

本文是一篇科普文章。第一段说明了地球因自转而产生昼夜交替。第二、四两段说明了人们观看月亮、太阳和星星时发生的近大远小的视觉现象，第三段说明了太阳与月亮发光与反光的特征。本文每一个考点都是对天文知识的考查。因此，没有一定的天文常识，则不易读懂本文，更不用说解题了。近年来，中考完形填空的题材趋于多样化。人物、科普、史地、故事、政治、经济、风土人情，均为选材范围，这就要求考生知识广博、视野开阔、广泛涉猎。

【答案及简析】

1. . 地球围绕太阳运转是天文常识。

2. . 地球面对太阳的半个球面是白天。

3. . 意为“背离”。地球上背对太阳的一面是夜晚。

4. . 后接比较级。和太阳比起来月亮离地球近多了。

5. . 意为“发光”。太阳是发光体。

6. ’t. 月亮不发光。

7. . 月亮反射太阳的光，人们所看到的月亮的光来自于太阳。

8. . 由空前的可知，此处应填表示比较的连词。

9. . 根据文意，下句的代指空格所在句子的主语。因此两句中后的应是同一物，即。

10. . 恒星看起来比月亮小，是因为它们离地球比月亮

远。从句中的承前省略。此空仍应该用比较级。

B

. f 1 . c 2 .

a s 3. a , s 4 a a

y 5 . ’t .

a 6 ! , . m 7 . ’t .

a . l 8 . , s 9 . e 10 .

a . ’t .

【解题指导】

本文最突出的一个特点就是决大多数需填词的后面都有一句或

两句话的内容是对所填词的内容进行补充说明的。因此，同学们

在做这种类型的题时，一定要注意分析上下文的内容，进行推理

和归纳，正确的理解句意，最后决定出最佳的词及其正确形式。

【答案及简析】

1. . 人们之所以把狗作为宠物来养，主要是因为它们比

较通人性，且对人很友好，能给人们带来欢乐。根据“ f

1 ”来分析，此空应填一个形容词，表明狗对人的态度。

是名词，是形容词，故是正确答案。

2. . 宠物狗自然是在家中养，它们除了听主人的话以外，与家中的小主人即孩子也是好朋友。由于是指大多数家庭的情况，并受一词的提示，此处应填“孩子”的复数形式，即。

3. . 狗的天性是护家。文中的意为“看家狗”，专门指有生人来时发出叫喊的狗。“生人”在英文中即为。

4. . 这个空略微有点难。一是一词平时用得较少，二是一般家庭都养小型犬，供狗活动的空间一般不成问题，因此，对狗的体积问题考虑的较少。从后面的句子来看，此处是在谈狗的体积的问题——“如果你的家小，就买一只小狗；如果你的家大，就买一只大狗。”

5. . 这是一个名词性物主代词，代替上半句的。此句完整的说法应是 a a . 为避免词的重复使用，在英文句子中常用名词性物主代词代替前面的那个名词。

6. . “狗几乎什么都吃。”这一点我们从日常生活中也都知道，而且本句话的后面也进行了进一步的解释说明，“他们喜欢吃肉，米饭和其它的东西。”

7. . 这是的过去分词，在这里与一起做定语，修饰，整句的意思是“你可以在食品店买到许多为狗做的食物。”这个空也是一个难点。若没有正确理解句意，很容易写成。

8. . 有养狗经验的同学都知道，每天一定要给狗留下供它喝的水。狗是靠舌头来散热的，因此它极易渴，特别是在夏天。

9. . 如果了解了狗的这一生理功能（靠舌头来散热），

就不难填出一词。

10. . 如果想让狗养成好习惯并不生病的话，就必须每天带它出去散步。从下面的句子 a . ’t . 来看，说明狗也需要运动。当“运动”讲时，是一个不可数名词，不能在词尾加s。

【基础题】

1

A a a . . A . . "'s 8 . " . .

a . ", ?" . , 8:30.

, a , a . : "I 't . "

. A , a . “, ,” . " a ."

: , , , , , , .

2

. I . I . I . I . . " a !" I . " ." , . . "I ," . "I ."

I ," I . " " ?" .

I ," I . " ." . " ? 's o'!"

: , , , , , , .

3

a , (鲁里坦尼

亚). . , . . .

. ". ? , , . .

a . a , . 't . . "!"

, a . , , ", 's !" .

: , , , , , , .

4

1995, a

California. . , , .

"" .

. ' . 's .

, 5.000 60 . 's Beijing. China.

1,000 . 700 .

: , , , , , , .

5.

, . . . . .

a .

. a .

a . . .

, . . .

a . , . .

a . .

: , , , , , , .

6.

A . . " .

."

" a ." . " ?" . , " , , I ." . " ."

. . "'s ! !" , " , 't ?"

a , " ? !" "'s 's ," .

. . , , "I . ?"

, " , , , !"

: , , , , , ,

7.

, . . .

(标签) . . a . A a "

". , . . . , . .

. . . . .

.

: , , , , , , , ,

8.

America, . a , .

a . . .

a . a

a . , . . , .

. a 's.

: , , , , , , , ,

9.

. , . , . .

. , 500

60 . , . . , .

, .

. 24 48 . 3 5 . , , a .

: , , , , , , , .

10.

a . , , , a .

e . , .

't . ? ? ! a , a . a ? I

a . , . (安慰), .

a .

: , , , , , , ,

11.

Spain l a . "I a ." , " . ,

a I . I . I 't ."

. . . , .

"I . . I 't

."

a . a . 's . ", ,

a . . a .

. . 't . I . I .

't .

: , , , , , , .

12

,

. I . . . ' .

A , ? , .

. ! I . I I .

a I I I

't . . ? .

. .

.

: , , , , , ,

13.

. . , 2,500 . 1 . . ? , . 't . . , .

't , . a . .

, . .

: , , , , , , ,

14.

a . a . I a I

( ), , . I . ,

a , . a a , , . a ,

's , .

" , !" , , , , .

: , , , , , ,

英语首字母填空专项练习及答案

（一） 积极Sleep is not the same every night. We experience some deep sleep and some active sleep( 睡眠), which is when dreams happen. You might think sleepwalking(梦游) would happen in active sleep, but a person isn't physically active d 86 active sleep. Sleepwalking usually happens in the first few hours of sleep in the stage called slow-wave(慢波)or deep sleep. Not all sleepwalkers a 87 walk. Some simply sit up or stand in bed or act like they're awake when, in fact, they're asleep! Most, however, do get up and move around for a few seconds or for as long as half an hour. Sleepwalkers' e 88 are open, but they don't see the same way they do when they're awake and often think they're in different rooms of the house or different places altogether. Sleepwalkers tend(往往会) to go back to bed on their own and they won't r 89 it in the morning. Doctors say sleepwalking sometimes occurs when a person is sick, has a fever, is not getting e 90 sleep, or is stressed. If sleepwalking occurs frequently, every night or so, it's a good idea for your mom or dad to take you to see your doctor. But occasional(偶然的) sleepwalking generally isn't something to worry about, a 91 " it may look funny or even scary (惊恐的) for the people who see a sleepwalker in action. It's important, of course, that the person is kept safe. Precautions(预防措施) should be t 92 so the person is less likely to fall down, run into something, or walk out the front door while sleepwalking. （二） Everyone needs sleep. In fact, all living things need sleep. Having a sound and good rest m_____86_____ us healthy. It is believed that our brain develops best during sleep. It helps all our systems work well w_____87_____ we are awake. Sleep allows our brain to reorganize all events during the day and will improve our memory development. For a student, eight to ten hours of sleep is required to give him or her e_____88_____ for the following day. A good sleep allows them to grow physically and mentally (心理上). With e_____89_____ sleep at night, students would be able to wake up early and be ready for school activities. They will be able to listen carefully in class and would have the ability to memorize the things that they learn and r_____90_____ them in the future. Eight hours of sleep makes students active t_____91_____ the whole day at school. They would be able to perform well in class, take down notes and finish their homework. When they have slept well, they can e_____92_____ understand their lessons. Good sleep prepares them well for the challenges (挑战) at school, from paperwork to sports. They will be ready to solve difficult tasks that

上海市中考英语首字母填空练习 附详解

上海市中考英语首字母填空练习 首字母填空类短文题是近几年各省、市中考题经常采用的题型之一，这种题难度相对较大，考生失分现象很严重。 主观型首字母填空也称为限制型完形填空。它的特点是将一篇文章中若干个词“掏空”，留下该词的首字母，它既作为提示又作为限制，让我们根据短文的意思把单词拼写完整，使文章连贯。学生们在通读全文、掌握大意的前提下，采用先易后难，再逐项填空的应试策略。做题时要通过字里行间来捕捉信息，既要理清逻辑，又要综合考虑，最后通过复读全文来消除疏漏。给首字母填空类短文的阅读题属于能力测试的范畴，它考查的范围极广，可以是英语知识的方方面面，还可能涉及其它学科。它要求考生在充分理解短文的基础上将单词拼写出来，并且单词形式合理，符合语法规范，符合短文需要。下面就讲一讲做这类题的方法与技巧： 1. 通读短文知大意，看整体全面了解 与阅读理解题和其它类型的完形填空一样，首先要通读短文，了解文章的大意。每篇短文段落之间必然承上启下、前呼后应。因此通读全文时要一气呵成，只要能了解短文的大意即可，细节不理解可以跳过。因此，在解题之前通读一遍短文，目的是对文章有个全面的了解，弄清其中心思想和大意。 2. 复读短文抓信息，前后照应巧猜词 在了解文章大意的前提之下再次通读短文，目的是对短文有更进一步的了解。在阅读时要特别注意一篇文章的开头（一般不设空）和结尾，它们能提供主要的信息，帮助了解全文所描述的事件或文章的中心思想。在阅读过程中，要注意上、下文的关系，这对于把握文章的整体意义大有用处。另外，要学会跳读，即对不理解的地方采用暂时回避的方式，待真正理解全文之后再找解决的方法。有些短文填空题，有时出现约3%~5% 的生词是很正常的，这就要求学生根据构词知识或上、下文的意思加以猜测，来确定它的词义。 3. 反复推敲多分析，慎重答题讲技巧 再次通读短文，对留空的句子进行全面的分析，看它在全文中所处的位置、作用和意义。这一遍阅读要求是精心阅读，要留心找出关键词、短语或句子，还要结合所给首字母的提示，进行填写，并注意单词的正确形式。 4. 认真复查全文，把握整体和词形 做完以后，再认真读一遍，检查所填写的单词是否与文章要求相符，文章是否通顺，前后是否呼应，有无句型结构及语法错误。从实际中看，很多学生能够充分利用词首字母和短文内容填写单词，但是，问题往往出现在单词的形式变化上。比如填q ，要求填写quickly ，而多数考生只知道填写quick ，忽略了词性问题。因此，深思熟虑很重要。 通过以上对首字母填空类型题的讲解，同学们一定对这类题型有了更多的了解，掌握了此类题的考点和做题的技巧后，给同学们准备了以下的练习题，请同学们及时巩固学习内容。

英语首字母填空

Most American families are smaller than the families in o 81 countries. Most American families e 82 have one or two children. C 83 in the US will leave their parents' home when they grow up. They usually live far f 84 their parents because they want to find good jobs. They often w 85 to their parents or telephone them. And they often go to visit their parents on h 86 . Parents usually let their children choose their o 87 jobs. Americans think it important for young people to decide on their lives by themselves. Children are asked to do some work around their house. And in many families, children are paid (付钱)for d 88 some housework so that they learn how to make money for their own use. Do you often help y 89 parents do housework? Do you want to live with your parents w 90 you grow up ? 七年级期末 Lofton is a little village （村庄）in England. It is not f__81___ from the city of Manchester. Not many families l__82___ around the village, so the people all know each o__83___. Most of them are friendly and helpful. Though their homes are in Lofton, many people have jobs in Manchester. S__84__ work in large factories there. A few work in shops o___85___ offices. Most of these people go to work by train. It usually t__86_ _ about half an hour to go from Lofton to Manchester. In the evening a lot of people like watching TV. But if they go to see a film or go to a concert (音乐会), they have to go to Manchester, because there are n___87___ cinemas in Lofton. Like many other villages near towns or cities, it is clean and quiet. So life in Lofton may not be so e___88____ as the life in the b___89___ cities, but it can be just as interesting. That is w___90__ people in Lofton love their village.

六年级英语首字母填空专项练习

六年级英语首字母填空专项练习 练习（1） It’s Sunday tomorrow. We are going to w_1___ a football match. We are very ___2___about it. It’s b____3___ a Japanese team and a Chinese team. The football match is going to __4____ at four o’clock in the afternoon and ____5_ at six o’clock in the evening. Our teachers Mr. Li and Mr. Wang are going to watch the football match w__6__ us. We are going there by bike. We think we can c__7__ back at about __8___ past six in the e___9___. We are going to have ___10___in the resturant. 1. ________; 2. ________; 3. _________; 4. _________; 5. _________ 6. ________; 7. ________; 8. _________; 9. _________; 10. ________ (1.watch, 2.excited,3.between, 4.begin.5.end, 6.with, https://www.sodocs.net/doc/5f11032660.html,e, 8.half, 9.evening, 10 dinner.) 练习（2） It was getting dark. Some children and two Canadian women were still s____1___ on the ice near a big hotel. They were having a good time. Suddenly the ice broke(破裂). One of the boys f___2_ into the water. The children s____3_____ , “Help! Help!” They didn’t know w__4__ to do. The two Canadian friends heard that and skated over to get the boy out of the water. The ice was t___5__. The two Canadians fell into the water, too. But they tried their best to reach the little boy. They knew they must be q__6____. If they didn’t push him up onto the ice, he would soon die(死的).

上海中考英语首字母填空专项练习

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2015上海中考英语首字母系列1

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