轮机英语会话评估口述题参考答案翻译

轮机英语会话评估口述参考答案

第一章公共英语

1. The engine room.

The engine room is the heart of a ship. It is generally located at the stern near the ship bottom. In the engine room, there are a lot of machinery and systems, such as the main engine, the generator engine, boilers, pumps, the refrigerating system, and the air conditioning system. The main engine, also called the main propulsion plant，is the largest and most important one . The modern improvement of control systems results in machinery space remaining unattended for long periods. That is UMS.

1 机舱

机舱是船的心脏。它通常位于船底尾部。在机舱，有很多机械和系统，例如主机，发电机，锅炉，泵，制冷系统和空调系统。主机也叫做主推进装置，是最大和最重要的一个。控制系统的最新的进步导致机舱长时间没有人。那就是无人机舱。

2. The engine department.

There are five engineers and four motormen in the engine department on board my ship. We usually do some maintenance and repair work to keep the ship in good order. We also do some work to keep the engine room tidy and clean, such as sweeping the floor, remove the oil spilled, marking the pipes and valves with special color, etc. Working on board ship is not an easy job, so people have to cooperate well. In the engine department we get well along with each other. We are standing together regardless of situation.

2 轮机部

在我们的船上有五个轮机员和四个机工。我们通常在一些保养和修理工作去保持船正常。我们也做一些工作去保持机舱整洁和干净，例如打扫地面，去除溢油，用特别的颜色标记管路和阀。

3. Self-introduction

My name is Yan li. I was born in 1980 in Da lian. I am unmarried but I have a beautiful girl friend. I am studying in hua yang marine school in 2008 in engineering management. I have been working on board as a motorman for about 5 years. There are three people in my family: my father my mother and I. I like play basketball and read some books .I love my family and my work. That’s all, Thanks.

3自我介绍

我的名字是严厉。我在1980年出生在大连。我未婚但有一个漂亮的女朋友。我在2008年在华洋水运学校轮机专业学习。我作为一个机工在船上工作了五年。我家有三口人：我父亲，母亲和我。我喜欢打篮球和读书。我爱我的家庭和工作。谢谢

4. Your daily work on board

As the engineer officer in charge of watch, my daily work on board is as follows: I shall ensure that the main propulsion plant, auxiliary machinery and steering gear are in good order. The current operational parameters of all machinery should be observed, such as the exhaust gases temperature of main engine, the cylinder jacket outlet cooling water temperature and pressure etc. During watch, the bridge orders must be carried out right now. Any abnormal parameters in relation to the equipment should be paid attention.

4 你在船上的日常工作

作为一个值班的轮机员，我的日常工作如下：我将确保主推进装置，辅机和舵机正常。所有机器当前的运行参数应当被观察，例如主机的排气温度，缸套出口的冷却水和压力等等。在值班期间，必须立刻执行驾驶台的命令。应当注意关于设备的任何异常的参数。

5. Watch-keeping in the engine room

When a ship is at sea, each engineer should keep a duty-watch for 4 hours. During his duty watch, the engineer makes some tour inspection of the engine room and put down all the figures into the engine room log book. He has to keep everything in good order. During watch, the bridge orders must be carried out right now. When his watch is finished, he should tell the relieving officer the present condition of the engine room before handing over the watch.

5在机舱值班

当船在海上的时候，每个轮机员应当值班四小时。在他值班期间，轮机员要做一些机舱的巡视并记录所有的数据到机舱日志中。他也必须确保一切正常。在值班期间，必须立刻执行驾驶台的命令。当他完成值班，他应当在交班之前告诉接班人员机舱目前的状况。

6. Could you introduce yourself?

My name is ……. I graduated from Dalian Maritime University in 1988 with a bachelor’s degree in marine engineering.

6 你能介绍一下你自己么？

我是——————。我在1988年毕业于大连海事大学轮机专业

第二章机舱日常事务

1. Please describe the difference between the diesel engine and the gasoline engine. (See Fig.2-1 and Fig.2-2)

The main difference between the diesel engine and the gasoline engine include: 1) the

combustion medium of a diesel engine is diesel oil or fuel oil, while that for a gasoline engine is gas oil. 2) The diesel engine is ignited through compression of hot, high pressure oil and air mixture, but the gasoline engine is ignited by electrical spark plug.

3) For diesel engine, the air and oil is mixed inside the cylinder, while for gasoline engine, they are mixed outside the cylinder.

1 请描述一下柴油机和汽油机的区别

柴油机和汽油机的主要区别包括

1）柴油机的燃烧介质是柴油或者燃油,然而汽油机的燃烧介质是汽油。2）柴油机依靠高温高压的油气混合物的压缩点燃，但是汽油机依靠电火花塞点燃。3）对于柴油机，空气和油在汽缸混合，然而汽油机，他们在汽缸外混合。

2. Xiao Wang is a cadet of the engine department, who just graduated from Shanghai Maritime University. How do you introduce all the engine room to him?

First, I will tell the cadet the importance the engine room. Second, I should introduce the various machinery and systems in the engine room, such as the main engine, the generator engine, boilers, pumps, the refrigerating system, and the air conditioning system. Third, I will show him how to operate the various equipment and devices safely, and introduce as much safety knowledge as I can.

2 小王是轮机部的实习生，毕业于上海海事大学。你如何给他介绍一下机舱。

首先，我将告诉实习生机舱的重要性。第二，我将介绍一下机舱的各种机器和系统，例如主机，柴油发电机，锅炉，泵，制冷系统和空调系统。第三，我将展示给他如何安全运行各种设备和装置，并尽可能多的向他介绍一下安全知识。

3. Xiao Zhang is a three-year student majoring in marine engineering from Shanghai Maritime University. How do you introduce the equipment and machinery in the engine room to him?

There are many machines and devices in the engine room. They are the main engine, generators, air compressors, oil separators, boilers, pumps, all kind of coolers, valves and so on. The main engine is the largest and most important machine. It is the ship’s power source. Our main engine is a slow-speed, two –stroke, crosshead type marine diesel engine. It consists of cylinder head, frame, bedplate and moving parts, etc. The type is MAN-B&W 6550MC with a capacity of 9550 Kw at 115 rpm. The prime mover of the generators is 6-cylinder, medium-speed, 4-stroke, trunk piston type marine diesel engine.

3 小王是上海海事大学轮机专业三年级的学生，你如何给他介绍机舱的设备和机器？

在机舱有很多的机器和设备。他们是主机，发电机，空压机，分油机，锅炉，泵，各种冷却器，阀等等。主机是最大，最重要的机器。它是船舶的动力来源。我们的主机是一台低速，二冲程，十字头类型的船用柴油机。它包括汽缸盖，机架，机座和运动部件。这个类型的是在115rpm时9550kw的输出量的MAN-B&W 6550MC。发电机的原动机是6缸，中速，四冲程，筒形活塞船用柴油机。

4. Look at the illustration and say something about the disposal of the shafting and diesel engine. (See Fig.2-3)

The power of the diesel engine is transmitted to the propeller through the transmission system. The items of transmission system include various shafts, such as the thrust shaft, one or more intermediate shafts and tail shaft. These shafts are supported by the thrust block, intermediate bearings and the stern-tube bearing. The propeller consists of a boss with several blades. The thrust is transmitted along the shafting to the thrust block and finally to ship’s structure.

4 看实图并说一下柴油机和轴系的配置

柴油机的动力是通过传递系统传递给螺旋桨。传递系统的项包括各种轴，例如推力轴，一个或多个中间轴和尾轴。这些轴被推力块，中间轴承和尾轴承支撑。螺旋桨包括带有几个叶片的浆榖。推力沿轴传递给推力块并最终传递给船体。

5. Look at the illustration and say something about the probability of disposal of medium-speed and high-speed diesel engine. (See Fig.2-4)

When the ship is sailing at full speed, it needs four engines running. When the ship is sailing at half speed, it needs two engines running. When the ship is operating at about 30%of full speed, one engine is enough to meet its power requirement. That is, the ship can be operated with single engine, double engines or four engines according to the load condition. Generally, when the ship is sailing at sea speed, it has four engines running while it approaches the wharf, it has two engines running.

5 看实图，说说中速机和高速机布置的可能性。

当船在全速航行时，它需要四台机运行。当船在半速航行的时候，它需要两台发动机运行，当船以全速的30%运行的时候，一台发动机足够满足动力要求。也就是，船能根据负荷条件来运行一台发动机，两台发动机或四台发动机。通常，当船在全速航行的时候，它有四台发动机运行，当它接近港口的时候，它有两台发动机运行。

6. Look at the illustration and say something about structure of the main engine. (See Fig.2-5)

The structure of the main engine is as follows: the construction mainly includes bedplate, frame, cylinders, pistons, connecting rod, main bearing and crankshaft. The

crankshaft rests in main bearings built into cross girders of the bedplate. On the top of A frames there is a scavenging air box. The bedplate, frames and cylinder blocks are secured together by long tie-rods. A piston consists of a lower part called piston skirt and an upper part called piston crown.

6 看实图，介绍一下主机的结构

主机的结构如下：结构包括机座，机架，汽缸，活塞，连杆，主轴承和曲轴。曲轴安放在嵌入在机座横梁的主轴承上。在A字形机架的顶部有一个扫气箱。机座，机架和汽缸套被一个长连杆固定。一个活塞包括下部的活塞裙和上部的活塞头。

7. Look at the illustration and say something about stress status of the moving parts. (See Fig.2-6)

The moving parts shown in the illustration mainly include the piston, the connecting rod, and the crankshaft. These are all critical parts of the engine. According to the specific condition shown in the picture, the piston is under compression force, the connecting rod is under tension stress and compression force, while the crankshaft is under the torsion forces.

7 看实图，说说运动部件的压力状况

实图显示的运动部件包括活塞，连杆和曲轴。有发动机的所有关键部件。

根据如图显示的特定条件下，活塞正承受压缩力，连杆承受拉力和压缩力，然而曲轴正承受扭力。

8. Look at the illustration and say the type of piston head shape in diesel engine. (See Fig.2-7)

Pistons can be divided into two main classes: the crosshead type pistons and the trunk type pistons. The top surface of the crosshead piston can be flat, sunken or convex. The piston shown in the illustration is the crosshead type piston with a sunken surface. It has the advantage of increasing the air turbulence and improving the oil and air mixing quality. Its disadvantage is that the cylinder volumetric clearance will be larger.

8 看实图，说说柴油机的活塞头的形状

活塞能分成两种：十字头型活塞和筒状活塞。十字头活塞的顶部表面可能是平的，凹的或凸的。如图所示的活塞是凹面的十字头活塞。它有提高空气紊流和提高油和空气混合质量的优点。它的缺点是汽缸容积间隙将会变大。

9. Look at the illustration and say the types of piston ring. (See Fig.2-8)

The piston rings shown in the illustration has the shape of rectangle or trapezoid. Some of them are rounded on the external top or bottom edges. Among these piston rings, No.1 and No.2 are sealing rings; No. 3 and No. 4 are scraper rings, while the No.5 is a distributor ring. Generally, each piston is provided with five or six piston rings.

9 看实图，说说活塞环的类型。

如图所示的活塞环有矩形或梯形的。它们中有一些在外援顶部或底部边缘成倒角。在这些活塞环中，1，2 是密封环，3，4是刮油环，5是布油环。通常，每一个活塞带有五个或六个活塞环

10. Please describe the lubricating mode of main engine.

Large marine diesel engines of crosshead construction generally have two systems of

lubrication: a totally loss system feeding the cylinders and a circulating system lubricating the running gear and cooling the pistons. Oil is supplied to the cylinder liner wall and piston rings by means of mechanical lubricators. The lube oil to the various moving parts enables the formation of an oil film which reduces friction and wear.

10 请描述主机的润滑模式

大型船用十字头类型的船用柴油机通常有两种润滑系统：一种是润滑汽缸的全消耗系统和润滑运动部件和冷却活塞的循环系统。油依靠机械注油器被供应到汽缸壁和活塞环。到达各运动部件的滑油能形成减少摩擦和磨损的油膜。

11. Talk about the working principle of purifier according to the picture given. (See Fig.2-9)

It is used to remove water and impurities from fuel oil and lube oil. The purifier is very important machine. It contains of an electric motor. The electic motor can drive a vertical shaft. The bowl assembly is mounted on the top of the vertical shaft.

The high-speed rotation of the purifier can produce huge centrifugal force. With the action of centrifugal force, the clean oil flow inwards and the water and impurities flow outwards and the water. So the whole process could be continuous.

11 根据实图，说一下分水机的工作原理。

它用于从燃油和滑油中去除水和杂质。分水机是非常重要的机器。它包括电动机，电动机驱动一个立式轴。分离桶组件安装在立式轴顶部。

分水机的高速旋转能产生巨大的离心力。通过离心力，净化的油向里流，水和杂质向外流。所以整个过程能够连续起来。

12. Talk about the working principle of oily water separator according to the picture given. (See Fig.2-10)

Oily water separators are used to separate oil from bilge water before the latter is pumped overboard.The oily water separator works on the principle of coalescing small oil droplets in the water to form larger oil drops. When the oil drops become large enough, the lower density oil drops floats up and collects at the top of the vessel. The oil layer is pumped into an oily bilge tank which can be pumped out at an oil collecting facility when the ship arrives at a port.

12 通过试图，谈一下油水分离器的工作原理

油水分离器用于在舱底水排放到船外之前，从其里面分离油。油水分离器根据收集在水中小的油滴去构成较大的油滴的原理工作。当油滴变得足够大的时候，低密度的油滴浮上来并在容器的顶部被收集。油层被泵入含油的舱底水舱，当船到达港口时，通过集油设备被泵出。

13. Talk about the anti-pollution equipment on board ship.

There are some anti-pollution equipment on board ship. They are oily water separator, incinerator and sewage treatment system. Oily water separator are used to ensure that ship do not discharge oil when pumping out bilge water or oily water. The incinerator is used to treat the oil sludge and solid waste. Sewage treatment plants are used to treat the sewage water the

whole ship produced. All these equipment perform their duties to prevent pollutions from ship to the sea. And we must take great care about them to meet the lowest legislative requirements.

13 谈一下船上的防污设备

在船上有很多防污设备。它们是油水分离器，焚化炉和污水处理装置。油水分离器用于确保船在泵出舱底水或油污水时不排放出油。焚化炉用于处理油渣和固体废弃物。一些处理装置用于处理整艘船的污水。所有的这些设备执行他们的职责防止来自于船的污染进入大海。我们必须注意满足最低的法律要求。

14. Talk about the operation of ballast system.

The ballast system is arranged to draw water from any tank or the sea and discharge it to any other tank or the sea. It is used to ballast or trim the vessel. When transferring ballast water from one tank to another, we must pay much attention. Open the related valves correctly. Close other valves start the pump. Otherwise we could not pump the water. The last but is important, we must ask for the permission from the port authorities before discharge ballast water or we’ll be fin ed.

14 谈一下压载系统地运行

压载系统用于排放任何柜中的水以及排放水到任何的柜中和大海中。它用于压载或平衡船。当驳运水从一个柜到另一柜时，我们必须注意。正确打开相关的阀。关闭其他的阀，起动泵。否则我们不能泵送水。最后也是最重要，我们在排放水前必须得到港务局的允许，否则我们将被罚款。

15. Talk about the operation of the bilge system..

The operation of the bilge system is an important daily work, which needs great carefulness. When it is needed, the following procedure must be strictly observed: discharge the bilge tanks one by one; open and close the relevant valves; stop pumping out when the bilge tank is nearly empty; pay attention to the filters and mud-boxes to ensure no logging; the discharge must meet the relative legislative requirement; the operation must be recorded and reported to C/E. The duty engineer should discharge the bilges water before handing over a watch. And relief engineer should check the bilge level when taking over a watch.

15 谈一下压载系统的运行

压载系统的运行是一项重要的日常工作，需要非常小心。当需要时，一下程序必须被严格执行。一个接一个的排放压载舱。打开和关闭相关的阀。当压载舱快放空的时候停止泵送。注意确保细滤器和泥箱不被堵塞。排放必须满足相关的法律要求。记录操作，并向轮机长报告。值班轮机员在交班之前必须排放舱底水。当接班轮机员在接班时必须检查舱底水位。

第三章驾机联系

1. Communications with officers.

In order to ensure the safe navigation of the ship, frequent communication between the engineers and officers is necessary. The usual means of communication is by telephone and telegraph. If the communication between the engine room and the bridge fails, the ship will

be endangered. The records of communication should be maintained which will provide evidence in the event of an accident at sea. Noon report is also a good means of communication between the engine room and the bridge.

1 与驾驶员的联系

为了确保船的安全航行，轮机员和驾驶员之间密切的联系通是必须的。通常的通信工具是电话和电报。如果机舱和驾驶台之间的联系的失败，船将会很危险。记录联系记录——万一航行中发生事故，可以提供证据。中午报告也是机舱和驾驶台之间良好的联系方式。

2. Noon report.（两份答案参选）

During sailing, C/E would read the log book carefully every noon. According to the parameters in log book, he would fill up the engine room noon report. The parameters contain pressure, temperatures. Oil consumed, and so on. Another noon report would be made by the deck department. These two reports should be exchanged between two departments at noontime.

2 中午报告

航行中，轮机长每天必须仔细阅读机舱日志。根据机舱日志的参数，他将会填写机舱中午报告。这些参数包括压力，温度，耗油量等等。甲板部将会制作另一份中午报告。在中午的时候两个部门将会交换两份报告。

Noon report is one of items which must be recorded every day. It is a table. Record daily performance data and working hours of the main engine and auxiliary engines. Some of the data of main engine running . Ship and voyage are to be recorded, such as the total revolutions and overage rpm of main engine. At noon the speed of the ship, the distance of the ship has made and the distance still remains to the next port of call and of course the ETA which can be without according to the present speed and situations.

3. Take over watch.

The taking over engineer should arrive at the engine room 15 minutes before his watch. Then check around the engine room and steering gear room to ensure all the running equipments are in good order. The following parameters must be in correct value: M/E exhaust gas temperature, M/E lube oil sump tank level. Pressure and temperature of lube oil and cooling water system, and so on. He should also check all the levels and conditions of all the tanks and any special requirement for use or disposal of the contents and so on.

3 接班

接班轮机员应在15分钟内到达机舱，对机舱和舵机间进行检查，以确保所有设备处于良好的运行状态。下面的参数必须在正确的数值：主机的废气温度，男/ E的润滑油集水缸水平。润滑油、冷却水系统的压力和温度。他还应该检查所有柜的液位和状态及任何使用或处理舱中液体的特殊要求。

4. Hand over watch.

When finishing watch, each member on duty should hand over to his relief, he must ensure that the relief is able to take over and carry out his duties. Before handing over the watch, the engineer in charge of the watch shall ensure that all events related to the main and auxiliary

machinery are suitably recorded. He should tell the relieving engineer the standing orders, special instructions and unfinished work, if any. If he has any reason to believe that the relieving engineer is not capable of carrying out the watchkeeping duties effectively, he shall not hand over the watch and the chief engineer shall be notified.

4 交班

当完成值班时，每一个值班人员应当交接给接班人员，他必须确保能够接班并执行他的职责。在交班之前，负责值班的轮机员应当确保记录了关于主辅机的所有相关事件。他应当告诉接班轮机员常规命令，特别说明和未完成的工作。如果他有任何的理由相信接班人员不能有效的执行值班职责，他将不会交班并通知轮机长。

5. Standby engine before departure.

After this order is given from bridge, the following work should be done one by one:

Check main engine telegraph and ship’s clock

Test the steering gear operation

Start another generator and put in use

Start all necessary pumps

Put on turning gear and let it run about half hour

Drain water from air receiver

5 离开前备车

驾驶台发出指令后，做一下的工作

检查主机车钟和船上的表

测试舵机的运行

启动另一个发电机并投入使用

启动所有必要的泵

啮合盘车机并使其运行约半小时

泄放空气瓶的水

6. Standby engine after sailing.

1) When do you begin standing by engine?

2) How do you stand by engine?

Before arriving at somewhere something must be done in advance: the C/E must be in the engine control room. The duty engineer must prepare the fuel changing over from heavy fuel to diesel oil the starting air bottles must be pumped up to their maximum allowable pressure. The oily water separator and fresh water generator are to be stopped. Start another alternator for sufficient power supply some control modes must be changed to manual ones and so on.

6 航行后备车

在到达某地之前，一些事情须提前被做：老轨必须在集控室。值班轮机员必须准备换油，启动空气瓶须泵至最大可允许的压力。油水分离器和造水机要停止运行。再启动一台发电机用于提供足够电力。一些控制模式必须换到手动，等等。

7. Measures to be taken by duty engineers at rough sea.

At rough sea, the M/E R.P.M. should be reduced to a safety value. Fuel oil filters and lube oil

filters should be cleaned in time. All moving parts must be tightened. M/E system parameters should be kept in correct value, such as the exhaust gas temperature, lube oil temperature and pressure, cooling water temperature and pressure and so on.

7 在波涛汹涌的海上，值班轮机员采取的措施

在波涛汹涌的海上，主机转速应该降到一个安全值。燃油滤器和滑油滤器应该及时清洗。所有运动部件必须拧紧。主机系统参数应该保持在正确值，比如排气温度，滑油温度和压力，冷却水温度和压力，等等。

8. Action to be taken after “Finish with engine”.

After this order is given, the following work should be carried out:

Ensure the telegraph at stop position.

Shut the starting air valves.

Open M/E indicator valves.

Put in turning gear, and let it run about half an hour.

Stop M/E lube oil pump 20 minutes later.

8完车后采取的措施

在完车令发出后，应该做以下工作：

确保车钟在停车位

关闭启动空气阀

打开主机示功阀

啮合盘车机，使其运行约半小时

二十分钟后停主机滑油泵

9. Talk about the steering gear testing.

As we know, every time before sailing, steering gear must be tested. After the feed oil pump is started. The duty officer from bridge operates the steering gear at different degrees Each time, the duty engineer can read out the degree from steering gear room, and the degree should have no difference with bridge degree.

就如我们所知的一样，在每次航行前，必须试舵。在启动给油泵后，驾驶台的值班驾驶员以不同的度数来操舵。每次值班轮机员要从舵机室读出度数，度数应与驾驶台的没有任何差别。

9 谈一下舵机测试

10. Actions to be taken in the case of the trial of main engine.

Before the trial of main engine, the duty engineer should correct the clock and telegraph with the duty officer on bridge and do the followings:

a.Keep the oils and water’s temperature and pressure at a working value

b.Put in the turning gear, give the main engine at least one complete run to ensure that

there’s no water flows from the indicator cock, every moving parts move freely, and at the same time, hand operate the cylinder lubricators, then take out the turning gear.

c.Open or close the relative valves

d.Pump up the starting air reservoirs to their max pressure

e.Check all hand-oil and grease-lubricated bearings to ensure their lubricant is correct.

f.Check the reversing and control gear

As all these have been done, he can start the main engine on air briefly on both directions, and then give it a brief trial on power ahead and astern. At last, the duty engineer should ring ―stand –by‖ on the engine telegraph.

10 万一主机试车时，采取的行动

在试车前，值班轮机员和值班驾驶员应核对时间和车钟，并且做一下工作：

a.保持油温，水温和压力在工作时的数值

b.啮合盘车机，让其至少转完整的一转来确保没有水从示功阀流出。每个运动部件要运动自如，同时手动操作气缸注油器，然后脱开盘车机。

C．打开或关闭相关阀

d.启动空气瓶泵至最大压力

e.检查所有手动注油和油脂润滑承来确保润滑剂正确

f.检查换向和控制装置

当所有这些完成。正车和倒车来启动主机，并且做简单的试车，最后值班轮机员应在车钟上发出备车令

11. Talk about Engine Room Orders

Any engine order given should be repeated by the person operating the bridge telegraph and the engineer on watch should ensure the order is carried out correctly and immediately. The engine orders include:

Stand by engines; Finished with engines; Stop engine;

Full ahead; half ahead; slow ahead; dead slow ahead;

Full astern; Half astern; Slow astern; Dead slow astern;

Emergency full ahead; Emergency full astern.

Where bow thrusters are used, the following orders are used:

Bow thruster full / half to port side; Bow thruster full / half to starboard side;

Stem thruster full / half to port side; Stem thruster full / half to starboard side;

Bow / stem thruster stop.

11 谈一下机舱命令

任何机舱令应由操作驾驶台车钟的人重复，值班轮机员应确保命令正确及时执行。机舱令包括：

备车，完车，停车

全速前进，半速前进，慢速前进，微速前进

全速倒车，半速倒车，慢速倒车，微速倒车

紧急全速正车，紧急全速倒车

12. Talk about the telegraph in the engine room

This telegraph is on the control room console. It is used to control and indicate the M.E. condition. On the telegraph, two directions are shown, that is, ahead and astern, and between them is the stop position. Every time before sailing, this telegraph must be checked. It should have no difference with the bridge telegraph.

12 谈一下机舱车钟

车钟在控制室的面板上。被用于控制和显示主机状况。在车钟上，显示两个方向，那就是，正车和倒车，在它们之间是停车位。每次航行前，车钟必须被检查。机舱车钟应与驾驶台的没有任何差别。

第四章应急用语

1. Describe briefly one of the main engine breakdown cases that you experienced or heard.

Last year when I worked on a bulk carrier, I found the exhaust temperature of the main engine is rising quickly. There was a fire in the scavenge air box. The engine was slowed down. The fuel was shut off from the affected cylinders. I opened wide the inlet valve of the cooling water. The duty motorman increased the cylinder lubrication. The fire quickly burnt out.

1简短描述一下你经历或听到的主机损坏情况

去年在散货船上工作，我发现主机排气温度上升很快。扫气箱着火了。主机降速。切断受影响的汽缸的燃油。我完全打开冷却水进入阀。值班机工增大汽缸润滑。火快速熄灭。

2. Actions to be taken in the event of sudden stoppage of the main engine.

In the event of sudden stoppage of the main engine, the possible cause may be the safety protection system functioning, due to low lube oil pressure, fuel oil breakdown, blackout, overspeed and so on. Generally, we should take the following actions: first, we will carefully check the main engine and find the causes. Second, we will take measures to remedy the trouble. Third, we will reset and restart the main engine.

2万一主机突然停止，采取的措施

万一主机突然停止，可能是由于低的滑油压力，燃油故障，全船断电，超速使安全保护系统起作用。通常，我们应当采取以下行动：首先，我们仔细检查主机并发现原因。其次。我们采取措施修复故障。第三，我们重新设定并重启主机。

3. Actions to be taken in the event of the turbocharger surge.

If the turbocharger surges, the possible causes include high back pressure of exhaust manifold and low flowing quantity, rapid change in load, insufficient fuel oil, bad combustion, scavenge fire and so on. In the event of turbocharger surge, we will slow down the main engine, find the causes, and do some remedies.

3如果涡轮增压器喘震，采取的措施

如果涡轮增压器喘震。可能是由排气总管的高背压和低流量，负载的快速变化，燃油不足，燃烧不良扫气箱着火等引起的。万一涡轮增压器喘震，我们将给主机降速，发现愿意，做一些修复。

4. Notices to be taken when the main engine running with one cylinder being cut off.

当主机单缸封缸运行的时候，采取的措施

When the M/E is running with one cylinder being cut off, the M/E speed and load should be reduced to avoid other cylinders becoming overload. Special attention should be paid to the

exhaust temperature of the remaining cylinders. It cannot exceed normal full load temperatures. If the turbocharger surges, reduce the load further to avoid continuous surging. 当主机单缸封缸运行的时候，减小主机速度和负载去避免其他汽缸过载。特别注意剩余汽缸的排气温度。它不能超过正常的全负荷温度。如果涡轮增压器喘震，进一步减小负载以避免持续喘震。

5. Actions to be taken when scavenge fire occurs.

If a scavenge fire occurs, the following actions should be taken at once: Report it to the bridge (captain).

If there is a small fire: (1) slow down the engine; (2) cut off fuel supply of affected cylinders;

(3) increase cylinder lubrication minimize the risk of seizure; (4) close all the scavenge drains. A fire extinguishing medium should be injected through the fitting provided in the scavenge trunk. On no account should the trunk be opened up.

If there is a big fire, the engine must be stopped.

5如果扫气箱着火，采取的行动

如果扫气箱着火，立刻采取一下行动：报告给驾驶台或船长。如果发生小型火灾1 给主机降速 2 切断受影响的汽缸的供油。3 增加汽缸润滑减小卡死的风险4 关闭所有扫气口。一个灭火介质通过扫气箱的装置注入。在任何情况下扫气箱都不应当打开。

如果有大型火灾，应立刻停车。

6. Actions to be taken when a crankcase explosion occurs.

If a crankcase explosion occurs, the following actions should be taken at once: (1) report to the bridge (captain); (2) stop the engine; (3) stop fuel oil primary pump; (4) stop lubricating oil pump; (5) cut off starting air; (6) engage turning gear.

6如果曲轴箱爆炸，采取的行动：

如果曲轴箱爆炸，采取一下行动：

1 报告驾驶台或船长

2 停止主机

3 停止燃油原动泵4停止滑油泵5 切断启动空气6啮合盘车机

7. Describe briefly one of the blackout cases that you experienced or heard.

1) the case. 事件

2) actions taken in that case. 在事件中采取的行动

3) Your comments as to the actions.对于行动的你的评论

One day, our ship suddenly blacked out while at sea, luckily the state of sea was good, we dealt with it. The engineer took the following actions: he stopped the main engine first, and informed the bridge and chief engineer immediately, then started the standby generator as soon as possible. With power supply he started the steering gear and pumps first, and then started the main engine. The measure was correct, and at last the power was recovered.

7 简单描述一下你听到或经历的全船断电的事例

一天，在航行时我们的船突然全船断电，幸运的是海况很好，我们处理它。轮机员采取以下行动：首先他停止主机，离开通知驾驶台和轮机长，然后尽快启动备用发动机。供电之后首先启动舵机和泵，然后启动主机。措施正确，最后动力将会恢复。

8. Describe the procedure to start an emergency generator.

When we start the emergency generator, we should take the following steps. First, check the lube oil and fuel oil levels, as well as the water level. Second, the selecting switch will change over from ―automatic‖ to ―manual‖. Third, push the starting button, and check the voltage and frequency.

8 描述一下起动应急发电机的程序

当我们起动应急发电机时，我们采取以下步骤，首先检查滑油和燃油，以及水位。其次选择开关从自动转换到手动。第三，按起动按钮，检查电压和频率。

9. Describe the maintenance work of emergency battery.

The maintenance work of emergency battery include: 1) check the electrolyte level. 2) Keep the emergency battery clean. 3) Measure the voltage of the battery. 4) Measure the specific gravity of the electrolyte. 5) Periodically charge and discharge the battery so as to protect the plate electrode.

9 描述一下应急蓄电池的保养工作

应急蓄电池的保养工作包括：1 检查电解液液位 2 保持应急蓄电池的干净 3 测量蓄电池的电压 4 测量电解液的比重 5 定期给蓄电池充电和放电，来保护电极板。

10. Actions to be taken when a blackout occurs in the engine.

If a black out occurs, the following actions should be taken at once: (1) inform the bridge and chief engineer; (2) start up the standby generator; (3) supply the power; (4) restore the switch of automatic trip.

10万一发生全船断电，采取的行动

万一发生全船断电，立刻采取一下行动 1 通知驾驶台和轮机长 2 启动备用发电机3供电 4 恢复自动跳闸的开关

11. Talk about fire fighting equipment on board.

There is a lot of fire fighting equipment on board, including: fire pump, emergency fire pumps, fire main pipes, fire hoses, hydrant valves, portable extinguishers and fixed installation. There are many types of portable extinguishers used on board ship. Soda-acid extinguishers are useful on carbonaceous fires. The chemical foam extinguishers can be used to deal with the oil fires and it is usually found in machinery spaces and other locations, where an oil fire may occur. Carbon dioxide extinguishers and dry powder extinguishers are very useful on chemical fires. It is important to keep the fire fighting equipment in good order and ready for use.

10 谈一下船上的消防设备

在船上有很多消防设备，包括：消防泵，应急消防泵，消防总管，消防水龙带，消防栓，便携式灭火器和固定装置。在船上有很多便携式灭火器。酸碱灭火器用于灭积炭火。化学泡沫灭火器用于处理油火，它用在机舱和其他油火发生的地方。二氧化碳灭火器和干粉灭火器用于处理化学类火灾。保持消防设备井然有序和准备使用是非常重要的

12. Talk about fire.

Fire is a constant hazard at sea. It is the result of a combination of three factors, namely, inflammable material, hot spot, and oxygen. According to the material involved, fires can be

divided into four classes. For example, burning light metals will be classified as Class D, burning electric equipment classified as Class C, burning oils is Class B, and burning wood is Class A.

12 谈论一下火灾

在海上火灾很危险。火是三因素组合的结果，三因素包括易燃材料，热源和氧气。根据相关的材料，分成四种火灾。例如轻金属的燃烧属于D类火。电气设备的燃烧属于C类火。油类燃烧属于B类火。木材燃烧属于A类火。

13. Talk about a fire fighting drill.

A fire fighting drill shall be conducted at regular interval. It includes the following action: (1) someone finds the fire and reports to the bridge at once; (2) the bridge gives the fire alarm;

(3) all crew ensure the fire position and go to the location; (4) take the measures according to the Captain. Every crew member shall be aware of the importance of a fire fighting drill.

13 谈一下消防演习

定期举行消防演习。包括已下措施：有人发现火灾并立刻报告给驾驶台2 驾驶台发出火警警报 3 所有的船员确定火源并到达那。4 根据船长的指示采取措施，每个船员必须意识到消防演习的重要性。

14. Actions to be taken when a fire occurs in the engine room.

If a fire occurs, the following actions should be taken at once: (1) report to the (captain) or push the alarm button; (2) close the ventilation doors; (3) shut off the electric power; (4) ensure the fire source; (5) put out the fire by portable extinguisher, (6) check the number of the engine crew; (7) let out carbon dioxide.

14 如果机舱发生火灾，采取的行动

如果发生火灾，，立刻采取行动：1 报告给船长或者按下报警按钮 2 关闭通风门3切断电源 4 确定火源5 用便携式灭火器灭火 6 清点机舱人员7释放二氧化碳

15. Describe briefly one of the collision cases that you experienced or heard.

1) the case. 事件

2) actions taken in that case. 在事件中采取的措施

3) your comments as to the actions. 对于行动的你的评论

Someday, a ship collided with another ship. The former’s anchor had pierced the latter’s peak tank. Chief engineer sent somebody to cut off the anchor chains immediately. At the same time, the ship was listing severely, so they pumped some water to the port ballast tank. The measure was right. At last, they were safe.

15 简短描述一下你经历或听到的船碰撞的事例

一天，我们的船与另一艘船碰撞。前者的锚刺穿了后者的尖舱，轮机长派人立刻去切断另一艘船的锚链。同时，船严重倾斜，所以他们泵水到左舷压载舱。措施正确。最后，他们安全了。

16. Actions to be taken in the event of collision.

(1) Stand by the engine; (2) cut off electric power, oil, water and air near the accident place;

(3) carry out Captain’s order.

16 万一发生碰撞，采取的行动

1 备车3 切断事故位置附近的电源，油、水、以及空气。3 执行船长的命令

17. Talk about the on-board communication in the event of collision.

In the event of collision, the bridge will inform the captain and the engine room immediately. The bridge should tell the engine room the striking position, damage extent and so on. The engine room should take measures accordingly. In case of engine room flooding, the engine room personnel should report to the bridge, and take actions according to the muster list.

17万一发生碰撞，谈一下船上的联系

万一发生碰撞，驾驶台立刻通知船长和机舱。驾驶台将告诉机舱碰撞位置和损坏程度等等。机舱相应的采取措施。万一机舱进水，机舱人员应当报告给驾驶台，并根据应变部署表采取行动。

18. Describe briefly one of the flooding cases that you experienced or heard.

1) the case.

2) actions taken in that case.

3) your comments as to the actions.

One day, our ship was on rocks, and we found the engine room flooded. When the engine room flooding occurred, the duty engineer reported to the chief engineer, the captain and the duty officer at once, and turned on the alarm. All the crew members acted in full compliance with the Muster List. The measure was right. At last, we were safe.

18 简短描述一下你听到或遇到的船触礁的事例

一天，我们的船触礁了，并发现机舱进水。当机舱发生进水，值班轮机员立刻报告给轮机长，船长和值班驾驶员并报警。所有的船员根据应变部署表行动。措施正确，最后，我们安全了。

19. Actions to be taken in the event of flooding.

(1) Report to the bridge (Captain); (2) slow down the M/E; (3) close watertight doors; (4) open the emergency valve; (5) start seawater pump; (6) discharge some water overboard.

1 报告给驾驶台或船长

2 给主机降速

3 关闭水密门

4 打开应急阀5启动海水泵6将水排放到船外

19 万一进水，采取的行动

20. Talk about the Muster list.

The muster list is an important document on board. It tells the crew members their position and duties in emergency situations, such as fire, collision, oil spill, abandoning ship, ship grounding and so on. For example, in case of flooding, the chief engineer should go to the engine room and be in general command. The second engineer should maneuver the main engine. Some other members should go to stop the flooding and so on.

19 谈一下应变部署表

应变部署表是船上的重要文件。它告诉船员在紧急情况下他们的位置和职责，例如火灾，碰撞，溢油，弃船等等。例如，万一进水，轮机长应当去机舱并作为总指挥。大管应当机动操作主机。其他人员去阻止进水等等。

21. Describe briefly one of the cases that you experienced or heard about evacuating

from the engine room.

Once a container ship collided with a bulk carrier, the captain of the container ship decided to abandon the ship since it was in danger of sinking. The engine room personnel stopped the engine, cut off the electric supply, closed the ventilators and released the compressed air and steam. The chief engineer collected the important documents and all engine room staff evacuated from the engine room.

21简短描述一下你听到或遇到的从机舱撤离的事例

一旦一艘集装箱船和一艘散货船碰撞，因为有下沉的危险，集装箱船的船长决定弃船。机舱人员停止主机，切断电源，关闭通风机，释放压缩空气和蒸汽。轮机长收集重要的文件，所以机舱人员从机舱撤离。

22. Talk about an abandon ship drill

1) How often shall an abandon ship drill be conducted?

弃船演习多长时间进行一次？

2) actions taken in that case. 在事件中采取的行动

(1) Start up the emergency generator; (2) shut down the boiler; (3) cut off fuel supply; (4) close the ventilators, doors and so on; (5) close watertight doors; (6) launch lifeboat.

22 谈一下弃船演习

1 启动应急发电机2关闭锅炉3切断电源4关闭通风机、门等等6救生艇下水

3) your comments as to the actions.对于行动的你的意见

23. Talk about the maintenance work of the lifeboat engine.

The maintenance work of the lifeboat engine mainly include: 1) check the various oil levels and water levels. 2) Start the lifeboat engine once every week, make it run for about five minutes. 3) Protect the engine from freezing with anti-freezing fluid.

23 谈一下救生艇发电机的保养工作

救生艇发电机的保养工作主要包括：1检查各种油位和水位 2 每周启动救生艇发电机一次，运行大约五分钟 3 用防冻液防止发动机冻住

24. Talk about the SOPEP.

SOPEP stands for Shipboard Oil Pollution Emergency Plan. Its main contents include the person to be contacted in case of oil spill, his contacting methods such as phone number and address, the procedure to be adopted in case of oil spill, such as the disposal methods, anti-pollution equipment and materials.

24 谈一下SOPEP

SOPEP代表船舶油污应急计划。它的主要内容包括万一溢油时需要联系的人员，他的联系方法例如电话号码和地址，溢油时采取的措施例如处理方法，防污设备和材料。

25. Talk about some material used for oil spillage.

The materials used for oil spillage mainly include the following: 1) the material used for cleaning up spilled oil, for example, the oil absorbent such as saw dust and oil felt.2)The material for preventing split oil from spreading out, such as oil booms. Oil dispersant is seldom used since it must get the approval from the port administration and may cause secondary pollution.

25 谈一下用于溢油的材料

用于溢油的材料主要包括：1用于清除溢油的材料，例如吸油剂例如锯末和吸油毡 2 用于阻止溢油蔓延的材料，例如围油栏。消油剂很少，因为它必须得到港口当局的允许，而且它可能引起二级污染。

26. Describe briefly one of the oil spill cases that you experienced or heard.

1) the case.

2) actions taken in that case.

3) your comments as to the actions.

Once, our ship bunkering, suddenly, the third engineer found some spilled oil. We took the following procedures: stopped pumping and other operations first; then ringed the alarm at once; crew came to their respective positions and took actions immediately according to SOPEP;

After we finished all the actions, records were made on what happened. The measure was correct. At last, the oil spill stopped.

26简短描述一下你听到或遇到的溢油的事例

一次，我们的船正在加油，突然，二管发现了一些溢油。我们采取了以下的措施：首先停止泵送和其它运行，然后立刻发出警报，船员到他们各自的位置，并根据SOPEP 立刻采取行动。

我们在完成所有的行动后，我们应当记录所发生的事情。措施正确，最后，溢油停止了。

27. Talk about the actions to be taken in the event of a man falling overboard.

In the event of a man falling overboard, the person who sees the accident must shout for help, inform the bridge, throw a lifebuoy into the water and keep the man in his visual scope. The bridge should sound the alarm, and take measures to save the man, for example, slowing down, changing the direction, and lowering the lifeboat to pick up the man falling overboard. 27谈一下万一有人落水，采取的行动

万一有人落水，看见事故的人必须大声呼救，通知驾驶台，将救生圈扔到水中，让落水人员在视线范围之内。驾驶台应当发出警报，采取措施去救人，例如，减速，换向，放下救生艇来救落水人员。

28.Talk about the first aid.

First aid is emergency care for a victim of sudden illness or injury until more skillful medical treatment is available. The usual actions taken in the first aid include artificial breathing, stopping bleeding with bandage and so on. Once I saw a sailor who had his hand injured during the firefighting drill. I immediately help him stop the bleeding with the medicine and the bandage.

28 谈一下急救

急救是在得到专业的医疗措施之前，给突然地生病者或受伤者采取的紧急救护。通常采取的急救措施包括：人工呼吸、用绷带止血等等。一次我看见一位船员在消防演习期间手受伤，我立刻用药和绷带帮助他止血。

29. Safety measures to be taken when working in engine room

(1) Remember the safety principle; (2) wear work clothes and shoes, safety helmet and so on;

(3) no smoking; (4) be familiar with emergency equipment; (5) be familiar with fire fighting equipment; (6) put the oily water cloth in the covered metal box etc.

29 在机舱时，采取的安全措施

1记住安全规则2 穿工作服和鞋，带安全帽等等。3 禁止吸烟4 熟悉应急设备5 熟悉消防设备 6 把污油衣服放进金属箱等

第五章对外业务联系

1. Talk with the workers on oil barge.两份答案参选

When the oil barge gets alongside our ship, the Third engineer should come down to the oil barge. He should take sounding of the oil content with the workers in the oil barge. And talk about the signals to start and stop bunkering, and how to deal with some emergency conditions. He should make the valves correctly opened. During bunkering, the Third Engineer should arrange motorman to take sounding of the oil level. After bunkering, the Third Engineer should measure the oil tank in our ship and in the oil barge again to calculate the oil quantity.

Before bunkering, the Third Engineer should go down to the oil barge, measure the oil level and talk about the signals to start and stop bunkering and how to deal with some emergency conditions. During bunkering, he arrange motorman to take sounding of the oil level. After bunkering, the Third Engineer should measure oil tank in our ship and in the oil barge again to calculate the oil quantity.

1 谈一下油驳上的工人

加油前，二管应当去油驳测量油位，商量开始和停止加油的信号，商量怎样处理紧急情况。在加油期间，安排机工测量油位。在加油后，二管应该去测量我船和油驳的油位，计算出油量。

2. Please describe a bunkering operation on board your ship.两份答案参选

When selecting the fuel oil, there are many factors to consider, such as viscosity, certain number, calorific value and so on. Before bunkering, the engine room personnel should make the bunkering plan and other necessary preparations. The third engineer will go to the oil lighter to measure the content of all the oil tanks. During bunkering, the engine department and deck department should work cooperatively. After bunkering, the crew will flush the oil retained in the hoses with compressed air and calculate the volume of oil received.

When selecting fuel oil, we should take into account more than 10 factors such as viscosity, water content, flash point, setting point and so on. Before bunkering, the third engineer will go down to the oil lighter to do some measurement work. Record oil level of oil tanks, talk about signals to start and stop and so on. After bunkering, but before dismantling the pipe, the oil retained in the hose should be blown through by compressed air.

2 描述一下你船上的加油操作

当选择燃油的时，我们至少要考虑十种因素，例如粘度，水含量，闪点，凝点等。加油前，二管去油驳进行测量，记录油柜的油位，商量加油启停的信号等。加油后，拆管路之前，留在软管里的油应通过压缩空气吹出。

3. The voyage repair.

Because the ballast pipe found leakage in NO.2 F. O. tank due to corrosion. We cannot repair the pipe by ourselves. So our ship came into the shipyard for the voyage repair. The workers did a lot of repair work and maintenance. First the workers tested the oil vapor content. After disconnect the damaged pipes. At last, the new pipe will be assembled. After repair, we check and receive the repair items. It is satisfying. So we leave the shipyard very soon.

2 航行

由于碰撞，2号燃油柜的压载管路发生了泄漏。我们不能自己修理管路。所以我们的船进入船厂进行航修。工人做很多的修理和保养工作。首先工人要测试油气的含量。随后断开损害的管路。最后组装新管路。修理后，我们检查和接受修理项。结果是令人满意的。因此我们很快离开了船厂。

4. The work before repair.

Before repair, the engine room personnel have a lot of work to do. They should confirm which items in their charge are to be repaired. They will prepare the necessary spare parts and special tools. Then the second engineer will collect all the information about the repair items. After being verified by the chief engineer and signed by the captain, the repair list will be submitted to the company for approval.

4 修理前的工作

修理之前，检查人员要做许多的工作。他们应该确认他们负责的哪一些项要被修理，他们要准备必要的备件和专用工具。然后大管收集关于修理项的所有信息。在轮机长核实和船长签字之后，提交修理单给公司得到同意。

5. Talk about the safety measurements during ship repair in shipyard.

When a ship is in shipyard for repair, the ship and shipyard must hold a meeting and make a safety decision. Crew must keep good cooperation with shipyard workers and obey the safety decision. Ship must arrange for safetymen to assist the shipyard safetymen, esp. during gas welding. Smoking is only permitted in smoking-room. Crew on duty must carefully check and receive the repair item. If ship is on fire, crew must hold their duties to protect ship’s safety and obey shipyard’s command。

5谈一下：当船在船厂修理时，船的安全措施

当船在船厂修理时，船和船厂必须开会并作出安全决定。船员必须与船厂工人进行良好的合作，遵守安全决定。船必须安排保安员去协助船厂保安员，尤其是在气焊期间。只允许在吸烟室吸烟。值班船员必须仔细核对和接受修理项，如果船着火，船员必须履行职责来保护船舶的安全遵守船厂的指挥。

6. Talk about the dock repair.

The ocean-going vessels generally have to be dry-docked every 2 or 3 years. (1) Before dock repair, the repair list should be made out and sent to the company. The spare parts and stores should also be prepared. (2) When dock repair, the main repair items are as follows: the tail

二管轮英文面试问题及参考答案

二管轮英文面试问题及参考答案 考官对二管轮的面试主要集中在服从意识、对分管的机器和设备的维护保养方面的知识、对 一些常见机械故障的判断能力、对一些常见机械的工作原理的认识、对《国际安全管理规则》 (ISM CODE)和《公司安全管理手册》(SMS)的认识情况等等。经验表明，轮机员相对于船上驾 驶员而言，英语基础稍显薄弱，很多轮机员的普遍问题是无法用较准确的英文术语和句子说 出所负责的机器的工作原理、技术故障、日常保养的方面的问题。因此，建议平时工作时带 上一本好的英汉轮机方面的词典，多读一下所负责机器的英文说明书以及船东的英文公司安 全管理手册，多看船上安全和管理方面的安全录像。过不了多久，你的专业英文会有意想不 到的进步。 1. What are the responsibilities of the Second Engineer on board a ship? The responsibilities of the Second Engineer include the following. (1) Sea watch from 1200~1600 hours and from 0000~0400 hours every day except for UMS operation. (2) Port watch as designated by the Chief Engineer.

(3) Maintenance and repair of the following machines and spare parts: generator engine, generator, fuel oil purifier, emergency generator, fuel oil control and other machines designated by the Chief Engineer. (4) Maintenance records of the generator engine, purifier, boiler and other equipments. (5) Sounding the fuel and lube oil tanks and making records of the daily consumption rate. (6) Requisition for spare parts of the machines and equipment under his charge. (7) Any other duties designated by the Chief Engineer. 尽管二管轮和三管轮在不同的公司的职责有所区别，但是，基本工作内容还是 很相似的。希 望应该船员在面试前要仔细回忆一下你在前一条船做二管轮时的具体职责，并 能用较流利的 英文说出来。 2. What is your emergency position on the Muster List? Basically, my position is to control and operate the auxiliary generator in the engine room. 根据SOLAS公约和ISM规则，应急部署表的位置对每位船员都很重要，应该知 道自己在不同 应急事件时所处的位置和职责。 3. What will you do if your hear heavy noise coming from the lubricating oil pump?

轮机英语关联题(附答案)m二三管轮...教材

关联题（136题） Passage 1 Valve drive mechanism The valve drive mechanism commands the inlet and exhaust valves at the required timing. The valve drive mechanism consists of an inlet and exhaust cam follower (8) each suspended in a plunger of the tappet assembly (7), two tubular push rods (4) with ball joints, two nodular cast iron rocker arms (2) suspended in a rocker arm bearing bracket, two yokes (5) and a yoke guide pin.s. See Fig. 4-1. The tappet rollers follow the cam profiles and transfer the movements through push rods to the rocker arms. The rocker arms operate the inlet and exhaust valves through yokes (5).Lubrication for the rocker arms comes from the engine’s secondary oil supply manifold through drillings in the cylinder head and rocker arm bracket. The tappet assembly receives lubricating oil via channels in the engine block from the main supply manifold. For the roller and shaft, the oil is supplied through the guiding plunger. To compensate for heat expansion a clearance must exist between the rocker arm and yoke. All adjustments have to be done on a cold engine only. Fig-4-1 Valve drive mechanism 1. According to the passage, the best time to adjust the valve clearance is _____. A. before the engine is started B. when the engine is running C. after the engine has just been stopped D. when something has gone wrong with the engine 2. The roller and the tappet assembly are lubricated by means of ________. A. the main lube system B. the secondary oil system C. the special pumping system D. the turbine oil system 3. According to the passage, the valve drive mechanism does not include ______.

11规则大连海事最新轮机英语题库翻译3

11规则大连海事最新轮机英语题库翻译（三） 作者：系统管理员来源：发布时间： [2014-02-25] 点击数： 683 1.2.2 1. A diesel engine is similar to a gasoline engine except that the former has no ______. A. piston B. connecting rod C. cylinder D. spark plug D柴油机与汽油机相似除了柴油机没有火花塞 2. Fuel oil begins to inject into the cylinder of a four-stroke diesel engine during the _____. A. intake stroke B. exhaust stroke C. power stroke D. compression stroke D燃油开始喷射进入柴油机气缸是在压缩冲程末 3. Oil for piston cooling is delivered through rod to a compartment in the piston heat, then distributed as a result of piston motion, and finally drained to the crankcase through one or more holes or pipes; this procedure is known as the _____. A. splash method B. spray method C. shaker method D. throw-off method C活塞冷却油通过活塞杆进入一个空间，由于活塞的往复运动，将通过一些小孔管加热，分配最后排放冷却油到曲轴箱，这个过程被称为震荡冷却 4. Successful combustion inside the cylinders of a diesel engine depend upon______. A. fine atomization B. high temperature C. good mixing of fuel and air D. any one of the other alternatives D柴油机气缸内完全燃烧取决于良好雾化，高温，以及燃油空气的良好混合 5. The function of diesel engine valve springs is to ______. A. hold the valves open B. keep the valves off their seats until the exhaust stroke is completed C. close the valves D. open inlet valves when the air injection cycle begins C 柴油机阀件弹簧的作用是关闭阀 6. Cast iron pistons used in large propulsion diesel engines are constructed with_____. A. no taper B. the skirt being tapered and smaller than the crown C. the skirt being tapered and larger than the crown D. the crown being tapered and smaller than the skirt D 使用在大型推进装置的铸铁活塞的建造是使用活塞头呈锥面，并且小于活塞裙

11规则大连海事最新轮机英语题库翻译1

11规则大连海事最新轮机英语题库翻译（一） 作者：系统管理员来源：发布时间： [2014-02-21] 点击数： 761 第一节 1.1.1 1. With____, the engine needs not to be aligned with reduction or propeller shaft. A. diesel engine propulsion B. diesel electric propulsion C. steam engine propulsion D.gas turbine propulsion B对于发电式柴油机，发动机不需要与减速齿轮或螺旋桨轴对中。 2. The_____ engine is used for alternators and sometimes for main propulsion with a gearbox to provide a propeller speed of between 90 and120 r/min. A. four-stroke B. slow-speed C. two-stroke D. reversible A 四冲程柴油机用于交流发电机，有时用于主推进装置，带有减速齿轮箱，提供螺旋桨的速度为90-120转/分。 3. Each type of engine has its applications, which on board ship have resulted in the slow-speed main propulsion diesel operating ______cycle. A. on four-stroke B. both on two-stroke and on four-stroke C. on two-stroke D. either on two-stroke or on four-stroke C 每种柴油机都有其船上的应用，低速柴油机是以二冲程循环来工作的。 4. Most often a(n) ______ is attached to the engine-propeller shaft for efficient electric power generation. A. variable-speed AC generator B. fixed-speed AC generator C. air blower D.DC generator A 通常变速交流发电机与发动机螺旋桨轴相连，为了更有效地发电。 5. The slow-speed main propulsion diesel operates on two-stroke cycle. At this low speed the engine requires no reduction gearbox between it and _____. A. thrust blocks B. flying wheel C. propeller D. rudder C低速主推进柴油机以二冲程来工作，在低速下，机桨间不需要减速齿轮箱。 6. When the piston is pushed down, it forces the engine to do work on the crankshaft which in turn drives the ______. A. ship’s rudder B. turning gear C. ship’s propeller D. thrust bearing C当活塞位于膨胀冲程时，它将迫使发动机对曲轴做功，曲轴反过来驱动船舶的螺旋桨。7. Typical marine propulsion plants include______ directly coupled to the vessel’s single large-diameter fixed-pitch propeller.

高级海员英语面试题目及答案

船东英语口语面试（高级海员） English For Interviewed by Ship’s owner 1. Could you introduce yourself? 您做一下自我介绍好吗？ My name is x.x.x. I am x.x years old. I hold a xxx certificate. I have experienced of xx. Xxx. Xxx. I can use a computer system for management(maintenance). I suppose that my English is good enough for work. I am married(single). There are 3 people in my family, my daughter and my son. 我的名字叫XXX。我XX岁了。我有XXX证书。我经历过XX，XXX，XXXX。我可以使用电脑做维护保养工作。我想我的英语水平足以完成工作。我结婚了（单身）。我家有三口人，我女儿，儿子。 2．Where did you graduate from? 您是那里毕业的？ I graduated from XXX university(college, school). 我毕业于某大学（某学院，某学校） 3．How long have you worked on board?您在船上做多久了？ I have worked on board ten years.我在船上工作十年了。 4．Which company have you served (worked for)?您在那个公司做过？

轮机英语会话评估口述题参考答案翻译

轮机英语会话评估口述参考答案 第一章公共英语 1. The engine room. The engine room is the heart of a ship. It is generally located at the stern near the ship bottom. In the engine room, there are a lot of machinery and systems, such as the main engine, the generator engine, boilers, pumps, the refrigerating system, and the air conditioning system. The main engine, also called the main propulsion plant，is the largest and most important one . The modern improvement of control systems results in machinery space remaining unattended for long periods. That is UMS. 1 机舱 机舱是船的心脏。它通常位于船底尾部。在机舱，有很多机械和系统，例如主机，发电机，锅炉，泵，制冷系统和空调系统。主机也叫做主推进装置，是最大和最重要的一个。控制系统的最新的进步导致机舱长时间没有人。那就是无人机舱。 2. The engine department. There are five engineers and four motormen in the engine department on board my ship. We usually do some maintenance and repair work to keep the ship in good order. We also do some work to keep the engine room tidy and clean, such as sweeping the floor, remove the oil spilled, marking the pipes and valves with special color, etc. Working on board ship is not an easy job, so people have to cooperate well. In the engine department we get well along with each other. We are standing together regardless of situation. 2 轮机部 在我们的船上有五个轮机员和四个机工。我们通常在一些保养和修理工作去保持船正常。我们也做一些工作去保持机舱整洁和干净，例如打扫地面，去除溢油，用特别的颜色标记管路和阀。 3. Self-introduction My name is Yan li. I was born in 1980 in Da lian. I am unmarried but I have a beautiful girl friend. I am studying in hua yang marine school in 2008 in engineering management. I have been working on board as a motorman for about 5 years. There are three people in my family: my father my mother and I. I like play basketball and read some books .I love my family and my work. That’s all, Thanks. 3自我介绍 我的名字是严厉。我在1980年出生在大连。我未婚但有一个漂亮的女朋友。我在2008年在华洋水运学校轮机专业学习。我作为一个机工在船上工作了五年。我家有三口人：我父亲，母亲和我。我喜欢打篮球和读书。我爱我的家庭和工作。谢谢

轮机英语翻译课文

LESSON 1 Diesel engines The majority of ships around the world continue to be powered exclusively by diesel engines. 世界范围内大多数船舶都是采用柴油机作为动力。 The predominance of diesel engines has come from improved engine efficiencies and designs compared to other forms of propulsion such as steam or gas turbines. 与蒸汽机、燃气轮机等形式的动力装置相比，无论是效率上的提高，还是设计上的进步，柴油机都体现出了一定的优势。 Many combinations and configurations of diesel engine power plant exist. All provide the energy to do the work of moving the ship using diesel engines. 存在有很多种联合形式及结构形式的柴油机动力装置，他们都能够利用柴油机为船舶提供推动力。 Slow speed diesel engines 低速柴油机 Slow speed diesel engines are large, especially tall, and heavy and operate on the two-stroke cycle. 低速柴油机是体积较大、缸体较长、机身较重的二冲程柴油机。 These are the largest diesel engines ever built. Engine powers up to 100 000kw are available from a single engine. 它们是已建造过的最大型的柴油机，它们的单机可用功率可达100000 kw。 They are tall to allow for long strokes which improve engine efficiency .the large physical allow for long strokes which improve engine efficiency. 较长的缸体能提供一个较长的冲程，有助于提高柴油机的效率。 The large physical size of the engine and components leads to slow rotational speed with speeds up to 300rpm considered to be slow. 柴油机及其部件的物理体积较大，导致其回转速度较低，尽管能够加速到300 rpm，但还是被认为是低速机。 For equivalent power output, the two-stroke diesel engine is significantly lighter than its comparable four-stroke relative. 对于相同的功率输出，相对于四冲程柴油机，二冲程柴油机的重量明显轻很多。 This is most apparent for large power requirements where the two-stroke engine produces much more power for the same weight. 对于大功率需求场合这是一个最明显的优势，二冲程柴油机能够在相同的重量情况下，发出更大的功率。 Large, slow speed, two-stroke marine diesel engines offer the advantages of： 大型、低速、二冲程船用柴油机的优点如下： 1.Burning poorer quality, cheaper fuel 燃烧劣质、低价的燃油 2.Providing large power from a single, less complicated machine comprising fewer individual cylinders and moving parts一个仅有几个独立汽缸和运动部件组成的、低复杂程度的柴油机就能提供较大的功率。 3.Having a low rotational speed allowing them to be directly coupled to the propeller and

30期轮机英语汉译英

30801 77.PSC官员在检查机械处所时，如果发现阀手轮丢失、水和油长期渗漏的迹象或机器底座 的延伸性锈蚀，则说明船舶对系统的维护不能令人满意。如果发现大量的临时修理，例如管路卡箍和水泥堵漏箱，则表明船舶不愿意进行永久性修理。 During inspection of the machinery spaces, if the PSCO found missing valve hand wheels, evidence of chronic water and oil leaks or extensive corrosion of machinery foundations are pointers to an unsatisfactory organization of the system’s maintenance. If found a large number of temporary repairs, including pipe clips or cement boxes, will indicate reluctance to make permanent repairs. 78.我轮仍在安特卫普港修理主机。新的机座和曲轴已经到船，发动机制造厂的两名代表已 经于10月25日到船组装发动机。一个活塞组件和一个缸套需要换新。发动机将于10月28在原处找正和定位，工程预计还需要七天。 My vessel is still at ANTWERP undergoing repairs to the main engine. Now bedplate and crankshaft have been delivered to the vessel and two engine manufacturers’ representatives were, as of 25/10, carrying out the engine rebuild. One piston assembly and one liner had to be renewed. The engine would be in position to align and chok 28/10. futher work is expected to take an additional seven days. 30802 77. PSC官员如果发现大量的临时修理，例如管路卡箍和水泥堵漏箱，则表明船舶不愿意 进行永久性修理。 If PSCO found a large number of temporary repairs, including pipe clips or cement boxes, will indicate reluctance to make permanent repairs. 78.主机二号、四号主轴承应用桥规测量，打开并转出检查，如果有必要再浇白合金，间隙 用压铅法测量，并按要求调整到0.29~0.34毫米。测量记录一式三份交轮机长。 No. 2 and 4 main bearings of main engine to be measured by bridge gauge. Opened and turned out for inspection,remetalled if necessary. The clearance to be measured by means of pressure lead and adjust to keep 0.29 ~ 0.34 mm. as required. Measuring records to be handed over to c/e in triplecate. 30803 77.PSC官员在检查机械处所时，如果发现阀手轮丢失、水和油长期渗漏的迹象或机器底座 的延伸性锈蚀，则说明船舶对系统的维护不能令人满意。 During inspection of the machinery spaces, if the PSCO found missing valve hand wheels, evidence of chronic water and oil leaks or extensive corrosion of machinery foundations are pointers to an unsatisfactory organization of the system’s maintenance 78.主机二号、四号主轴承应用桥规测量，打开并转出检查，如果有必要再浇白合金，间隙 用压铅法测量，并按要求调整到0.29~0.34毫米。测量记录一式三份交轮机长。 No. 2 and 4 main bearings of main engine to be measured by bridge gauge. Opened and turned out for inspection, remetalled if necessary. The clearance to be measured by means of pressure lead and adjust to keep 0.29 ~ 0.34 mm. as required. Measuring records to be handed over to c/e in triplicate. 30804

11规则大连海事最新轮机英语题库翻译9

11规则大连海事最新轮机英语题库翻译（九） 作者：系统管理员来源：发布时间： [2014-04-02] 点击数： 453 第3节船舶制冷和空调装置 2.3. 1 制冷原理和制冷循环 词汇记忆

A absorb 吸收 ammonia 氨水 B boiling point 沸点 C coil 盘管 compressor 压缩机condensation point 冷凝点condense 冷凝 condenser 冷凝器 E evaporate 蒸发 evaporator 蒸发器 expansion valve 膨胀阀 F flash 闪发 Freon 氟利昂 fusion 熔化 H halogenated hydrocarbon 卤化烃 L latent heat 潜热 R refrigerant 制冷剂 release 释放 S saturation temperature 饱和温度

sensible heat 显热solenoid valve 电磁阀subcool 过冷superheat 过热 T throttle 节流 V vaporize 汽化

1. The temperature of the refrigerant in the evaporator coil,depends mostly upon the ＿. A. refrigerant pressure in the evaporator B. cooling water temperature to the condenser C. heat load in the refrigerator compartment D. solenoid valve in the liquid line 答案为A。制冷剂在蒸发盘管中的温度主要取决于【蒸发器压力】。 2. The low pressure side of a refrigeration system is considered to exist from the ＿. A. expansion valve to the compressor B. receiver to the expansion coil C. expansion valve to the evaporator D. condenser to the expansion valve 答案为A。制冷系统低压侧是从【膨胀阀到压缩机】。 3. In a refrigeration system, the amount of refrigerant admitted to the evaporator is directly related to the ＿. A. compressor discharge pressure B. condenser cooling water temperature C. solenoid valve differential pressure D superheat of the refrigerant in the tail coil 答案为D。制冷系统中，进入蒸发器的制冷剂量直接与【制冷剂在盘管出口的过热度】有关。 4. The refrigerant leaves the evaporator of a refrigeration system as a low pressure ＿. A. sub-cooled liquid B. condenser cooling water temperature C. oil saturated liquid D. superheated vapor 答案为D。制冷系统中，制冷剂离开蒸发器的形态是低压【过热蒸汽】。 5. In a compression refrigeration cycle, the temperature of the liquid refrigerant experiences its greatest decrease in the＿. A. evaporator B. compressor C. expansion valve D. condenser 答案为C。在压缩制冷循环中，液态制冷剂的温度在【膨胀阀】处下降最大。 6. What is the state of the refrigerant immediately before the expansion valve of a Freon system? A. Liquid at low pressure B. Liquid at the low pressure C. Liquid at high pressure D. Vapor at low pressure 答案为C。氟利昂系统膨胀阀前的制冷剂状态是【高压液体】。 7. What is the state of the refrigerant immediately after the evaporator? A. Vapor at high pressure B. Liquid at low pressure C. Liquid at high pressure D. Vapor at low pressure 答案为D。蒸发器后的制冷剂的状态是【低压蒸汽】。

轮机英语听力与会话第四版答案

轮机英语听力与会话第四版答案 1. How many important canals are there all over the world? (They are Panama Canal and Suez Canal.) 2. How long have you worked on board? (I have worked for 10 years.) 3. What is your marital status? How many departments are there on board? (I am married,. There are three departments ) 4. How many people are there in your family? Are you married? (There are three people . Yes,I am/No I `m not.) 5. How many countries have you ever been to? (There are four countries.) 6. Which classification society is your ship registered with? (Our ship is registered with CCS.) 7. Please tell me the minimum safe oxygen percentage for the safety of the workers in an enclosed space. (The percentage is 18.) 8. When did you begin to work on board? What kind of ship have you worked on? (The year is 2008. The ship is VLCC.)

(完整word版)三管轮轮机英语听力与会话问答要点参考

青远张老轨整理提供！ 问答题:每题6分 根据本人多年参加轮机英语评估口语部分的批改工作经验，以下问答题的重复率较高. 要点：一定将题目听清楚后再回答问题,回答问题要简明清晰，发音正确。正确操作录音系统，避免“无声”现象，造成无成绩。 另外朗读：吐字清晰，语速适中,将句子读完整，别读破句子，掌握好语调.文章前五句话 最重要，一定读好，这样能给评估员一个良好的印象. 口述：看清题目,围绕主题叙述，尽量多说与主题相关的话语,千万别跑题。 一般情况下朗读得分:13~15分差生得分一般在10分以下 口述得分:13~15分差生得分一般在10分以下 问答得分：应在35分以上。 1。 how long have you worked on board？ I have worked on board for 10 years. 2. what is your marital status？how many departments are there on board？ I am married. There are three departments on board. 3. how many people are there in your family？ Are you married？ There are there people in my family。 Yes，I am married. 4.how many countries have you ever been to? I have been to seven countries。 5. how many importment canals are there all over the world？ Three 。 the pamama ，suez and kiel。

轮机英语名词性专业术语的特点及翻译

轮机英语名词性专业术语的特点及翻译摘要：研究轮机英语名词性专业术语的特点，重点探讨轮机英语名词性专业术语 构词特点、词法特点和语义特点，并讨论轮机英语名词性专业术语的翻译方法和 翻译技巧． 关键词：轮机英语；名词性专业术语；特点；翻译技巧 The characteristics of nominal terms of marine engineering English and their translation Abstract The characteristics of special nominal terms of marine engineering English are explored with a focus on three aspects----word formation，morphology and semantics．The translation techniques employed in translating special nominal terms of marine engineering English are also discussed． Key words marine engineering English；special nominal terms；characteristics； translation techniques 0 引言 轮机英语中有大量的名词性专业术语，这些术语在构词法、词法和语义等方面都有它自身的特点，这些特点又决定了其在汉译时必须选取特定的翻译方法和翻译技巧，因此，掌握轮机英语名词性专业术语的特点以及了解相应的翻译方法和技巧对于学习和翻译轮机英语是非常重要的．确实有一批工程技术人员，他们了解船舶机械的构造和原理，英语功底也比较好，而且对翻译表现出浓厚的兴趣，但是在翻译轮机英语时常常会感到茫然，原因之一可能就是由于对轮机英语中名词性专业术语的特点不够熟悉，对相应的翻译方法和翻译技巧缺乏分析和掌握．本文尝试归纳出轮机英语名词性专业术语的几个特点，并有针对性地提出翻译方法和技巧，以期对提高轮机英语的翻译质量有所帮助． 1 轮机英语名词性专业术语的特点 轮机英语属于科技英语，其词汇具有科技英语词汇的特点，如大量使用专用词汇，常用词汇具有专业意义，词性的转换较多等等．此外，轮机英语名词性专