《汽车专业英语》习题答案机工版
Unit 1 Development History of Automobile
Exercises
1. Questions to the Text.
1) How many stages have the birth of the car experienced?
The birth of the car have experienced three stages.
2) Who invented the internal combustion engine?
In 1866, Count Nicholas Otto put forward the famous working cycle theory of internal combustion engine, namely "Otto cycle".
3) Which country is the birthplace of modern cars?
Germany is the birthplace of modern cars.
4) What is the new direction for the development of automotive applications?
New energy, especially electric energy, has become the most likely application development direction of automotive industry in recent years.
2. Translate the Following Words into Chinese.
1) ve hicle 汽车2) environment 环境3) standardized 标准化
4) enterprise 公司5) monopoly垄断6) electric energy电能
3. Translate the Following Sentences into Chinese.
1) In 21 Century, human beings are facing more serious problems such as resource shortage, energy shortage, and environmental pollution and so on. Energy conservation, environmental protection and safety have become the eternal theme of the development of the automobile industry.
进入21世纪，人类面临着资源短缺、能源短缺、环境污染等更为严重的问题。节能、环保、安全已成为汽车工业发展的永恒主题。
2) In 1769, French Army Engineer Nichoals JosePS Cugnot (1725-1804) developed the world's first steam car, using the steam engine technology to the car.
1769年，法国陆军工程师尼考尔斯·约塞普斯·库格诺（1725-1804）发明了世界上第一辆蒸汽车，将蒸汽机技术应用于汽车。
3) It has been more than 100 years since the birth of the first car. During this period, the automobile industry experienced the transformation of standardized, the
impact of the economic crisis, the rapid development after World War Ⅱand the unprecedented prosperity of the market.
从第一辆车诞生至今已经有100多年了。这一时间内，汽车工业经历了标准化的转型、经济危机的冲击、二战后的快速发展和市场的空前繁荣。
4) In 1980, Japan's total vehicle output reached 11 million 40 thousand, surpassing the United States as the world's largest automobile producer and exporter.
1980年，日本汽车总产量达到1100万辆4万辆，超过美国成为世界上最大的汽车生产国和出口国。
Unit 2 Brand Culture of Automobile
Exercises
1. Questions to the Text.
1) Which country was the car invented?
The automobile was invented in Europe, developed in the United States, expanded in Japan and continued in Korea.
2) What are the characteristics of American automobile brand?
American automobile brand is roomy and comfortable, simple and practical, safety and environmental protection.
3) What are the advantages of the Janpan cars?
Japanese cars are often small displacement engines, and fuel-saving technology is very advanced, maintenance and maintenance costs are relatively small, the use of cost is very low. In automobile design, the selection of materials is very scientific, can create a comfortable, warm atmosphere, and emphasize the greatest comfort, convenience.
4) What are the representative brands of domestic cars?
Domestic brands cars include Chery, Huachen, Geely, FAW and so on.
2. Translate the Following Words into Chinese.
1) merger合并2) style 类型，风格3) influence 影响4) capability能力5) brand culture 品牌文化6) cover up 掩盖7) according to
根据，依据
3. Translate the Following Sentences into Chinese.
1) Before the car appeared, the heroic spirit of the western American cowboy conquered the world.
在汽车出现之前，美国西部牛仔的英雄精神征服了世界。
2) European cars are smaller, plainer interior, rigid and traditional in appearance, but there is always a unique temperament, which should be appreciated slowly.
欧系车体积更小，内饰更朴素，外观硬朗传统，但总有一种独特的气质，应该慢慢欣赏。
3) Of course, the German car pursues luxury and luxury, and it also makes a certain degree of difficulty for the market development. BMW, V olkswagen and Mercedes are typical representative of German cars.
当然，德系车追求的是豪华，这也给市场的发展带来了一定的难度。宝马、大众和梅赛德斯是德国汽车的典型代表。
4) At present, there are still some differences in the overall design and manufacturing level of domestic automobile brands with European and Japanese cars, which shows the lack of three major system design capabilities (body, chassis, engine), and the lack of excellent products with independent intellectual property rights.
目前国内汽车品牌与欧系和日系车在整体设计制造水平上还存在一定差距，表现为缺乏车身、底盘、发动机三大系统设计能力，缺乏具有自主知识产权的优秀产品。
Unit 3 Mass Culture of Automobile
Exercises
1. Questions to the Text
1) What is the mass culture?
Mass culture is a kind of culture emerged from the development of industrial society and the technological revolution, especially the technological revolution.
2) What are the characteristics of Japanese automobile city?
Toyota has a population of 280,000 and its employees serve Toyota Motor Company. Workers over 20 years old can be assigned to a Toyota vehicle. The export
port of Toyota city is Nagoya, which has the world's first and the largest capacity of 50 thousand Toyota special purpose wharf.
3) What are the five most international automobile exhibitions now recognized by the international community in the world?
The world's five most international automobile exhibitions now recognized by the international community are: Frank Motor Show、Tokyo Motor Show、North American International Auto Show、Geneva International Auto Show、Paris Motor Show.
4) What kinds of the automobile athletics are there?
FIA, FISA, FASC.
2. Translate the Following Words into Chinese
1) countless 数不清的2) courage 勇气3)battle 战争4) pavilion搭帐篷；建筑物5) high-risk高风险6) means of 意味着
3. Translate the Following Sentences into Chinese
1) Detroit is the largest automotive industrial base in the United States, where the headquarters of GM, Ford and Chrysler are located.
底特律是美国最大的汽车工业基地，通用、福特和克莱斯勒的总部都设在这里。
2) Toyota city, with a population of about 41,000, is the headquarters of the famous Japanese automobile brand TOYOTA, so it is called the automobile city of Japan .
丰田城人口约4.1万，是日本著名汽车品牌丰田的总部，因此被称为日本汽车城。
3) Compared with ordinary sports, automobile sports are not only the competition of individual skill, will and courage, but also the competition of automobile design and product quality.
与普通体育相比，汽车运动不仅是个人技能、意志和勇气的竞争，更是汽车设计和产品质量的竞争。
Unit 4 Consumption Culture of Automotive
Exercises
1. Questions to the Text
1) What are the buying motives of consumers?
Realistic Motivation, Seeking Cheap Motivation, Seeking Brand Motivation, Seeking New Motivation
2) What are the factors that affect consumers' purchase of cars?
Vehicle Performance, Car Brand and After-sale Service, Family Consumption Psychology, Policies and Regulations
3) Why should we have to go to a regular car dealer to buy a car?
Government departments require auto dealers to obtain authorization from the manufacturer in order to have sales qualifications, so consumers must buy cars through the normal channels authorized by the manufacturer.
4) What are the bad driving habits that should be avoided?
Engine idling, step on accelerator pedal for useless, always push the clutch, emergency Braking.
2. Translate the Following Words into Chinese
1) etiquette 礼仪2) conspicuous 显眼的3) identity 身份4) loan 贷款5) steering wheel 方向盘6) related to 与……相关7) pick up 拿起，捡起
3. Translate the Following Sentences into Chinese
1) The trend of consumers buying cars is to consider both fuel consumption and power the engines often have good power performance in large displacement and high power, but the fuel consumption is relatively high.
消费者购车的趋势是兼顾油耗和动力，发动机在大排量、大功率时往往具有良好的动力性能，但油耗相对较高。
2) The process of buying a car is not only a process of buying products, but also a process of after-sale service for consumer vehicles.
购车的过程不仅仅是购买产品的过程，更是消费车辆售后服务的过程。
3) Cost performance refers to the ratio of the performance and price of a car.
Performance mainly refers to vehicle safety, power, fuel economy, handling and comfort.
性价比是指汽车的性能与价格之比。性能主要是指车辆的安全性、动力性、燃油经济性、操控性和舒适性。
4) It is absolutely necessary to warm the car properly before driving in the early morning, especially when the cold car is on the road.
在清晨开车前，尤其是寒冷的汽车在路上行驶时，对汽车进行适当的预热是绝对必要的。
Unit 5 Internal combustion engine structures and principles
Exercises
1. Questions to the Text.
1) Please write down the definition and the compositions of an “engine”.
The engine is the heart of the car, providing power for the car's walking. Simply speaking, the engine is an energy conversion mechanism. They are composed of two major institutions and five major systems, namely: crank Linkage mechanism, valve train, supply system, lubrication system, cooling system, ignition system (not available for diesel engine) and starting system.
2) Please write down of all classifications of a starter.
①Classified by control device
Direct-operated starter, electromagnetically operated s tarter
②Classification according to the meshing mode of the transmission mechanism
Inertial meshing starter, forced mesh starter, armature mobile starter, gear mobile starter, deceleration starter
③What are the functions of a cooling system?
The cooling system is to prevent the engine from overheating to the parts around the combustion chamber.
④Please list all lubrication methods.
Oil pressure lubrication, Oil splash lubrication, Grease lubrication
2. Translate the Following Words into Chinese.
1) combustion 燃烧2) install 安装3) transmission传输；变速器4) emission排放5) distribution 分配，分派6) energy conversion mechanism 能量转换装置7) cylinder head汽缸盖8) engine intake manifold发动机进气歧管
3. Translate the Following Sentences into Chinese.
1) This is an era of creativity. The engine designers constantly integrate the latest technology with the engine, turning the engine into a complex mechatronic product, which makes the engine performance nearly perfect.
这是一个充满创造力的时代。发动机设计人员不断将最新技术与发动机相结合，使发动机成为一个复杂的机电一体化产品，使发动机性能几近完美。
2) During the power stroke, the piston is subjected to linear motion in the cylinder by the gas pressure, converted into a rotary motion of the crankshaft through the connecting rod, and externally outputs power from the crankshaft.
在做功冲程中，活塞在气缸中受到气体压力的线性运动，通过连杆转换为曲轴的旋转运动，并从曲轴外部输出动力。
3) Therefore, the entire process in which the crankshaft starts to rotate under the action of an external force until the engine starts to automatically idle is called the start of the engine.
因此，曲轴在外力作用下开始转动直至发动机开始自动怠速的整个过程称为发动机起动。
4) The basic task of an electronically controlled fuel injection system is to reduce the harmful emissions of engine fuels as a primary goal, taking into account as much as possible the other performance requirements of the engine.
电控燃油喷射系统的基本任务是以减少发动机燃油的有害排放为首要目标，同时尽可能地考虑发动机的其他性能要求。
Unit 6 Chassis Structure and Principle
Exercises
1. Questions to the Text.
1) Please write down the functions and list four parts of a chassis.
The function of the chassis is to support and install the automobile engine and its various components and assemblies to form the overall shape of the car, and to receive the power of the engine to make the car move and ensure normal driving. The chassis consists of a drive train, a driving system, a steering system and a brake system.
2) What are the common layouts of mechanical drive trains？
The common layout of mechanical drive trains is mainly related to the position of the engine and the drive type of the car.
3) What are three main differences between manual and automatic gears?
First, the control method is different. Manual gear requires the driver to cooperate with the clutch for shifting operation, while the automatic gear is operated by the gearbox according to the set gear ratio without manual intervention.
Second, the feeling of driving is different. The manual file emphasizes the subjective initiative of the person and can fully arouse the driver's driving desire and a certain sense of accomplishment.
Third, the fuel consumption is different. For the same brand and displacement car, the manual transmission is about 10% more fuel efficient than the automatic transmission.
4) What are the advantages and disadvantages of a disc brake?
①Generally, there is no frictional auxiliary effect, so the brake performance is less affected by the friction coefficient, that is, the performance is relatively stable;
②After the water immersion, its efficiency is reduced less, and it only needs to be braked once or twice to return to normal;
③In the case of the same output braking torque, the size and quality are generally small;
④The amount of thermal expansion of the brake disc in the thickness direction is extremely small, and the brake gap is not significantly increased like the thermal expansion of the brake drum, thereby causing the brake pedal stroke to be excessive;
⑤It is easier to achieve automatic adjustment of the gap, and other maintenance and repair operations are also relatively simple;
The disadvantages of the disc brake are as follows:
①Low performance. Therefore, the brake actuation line pressure required for the hydraulic brake system is high. A servo device is generally used.
②When the disc brake is used for the parking brake, the parking brake device to be installed is more complicated than the drum brake, and thus the application on the rear wheel is limited.
2. Translate the Following Words into Chinese.
1) chassis底盘2) interrupt打断，阻断3) clutch离合器4) elasticity弹力，弹性5) electronic 电子的6) adhesion 黏附，黏着7) friction摩擦，摩擦力8) stability 稳定，稳定性9) rear wheel drive后轮驱动10) manual transmission
手动变速器11) automatic transmission自动变速器12) antilock braking system 防抱死制动系统13) steering bridge转向桥
3. Translate the Following Sentences into Chinese.
1) The rear of the engine can make the front axle not easy to overload, and can make full use of the car area. It can also effectively reduce the height of the car floor or make full use of the space under the floor of the car to place luggage, which is also beneficial to reduce the impact of the high temperature and noise of the engine on the driver.
发动机的后部可以使前桥不易超载，并且可以充分利用车内面积。它还可以有效降低汽车地板的高度或充分利用汽车地板下的空间放置行李，这也有利于减少发动机的高温和噪音对驾驶员的影响。
2) Another disadvantage is the brake function. In addition to the braking effect of the brakes, the engine itself also has a braking effect: when the throttle is released, the braking effect of the engine begins to function.
另一个缺点是制动功能。除了刹车的刹车效果，发动机本身也有刹车效果：当油门松开时，发动机的刹车效果开始发挥作用。
3) The electric assist is mainly composed of a sensor, a control unit and a booster motor. The structure of the electric power assist is very simple. There is no hydraulic
pump, hydraulic line, steering column valve body and other structures of the hydraulic power assist system.
电辅助主要由传感器、控制单元和增压电机组成。电力辅助装置的结构非常简单。液压助力系统没有液压泵、液压管路、转向柱阀体等结构。
Unit7 Electrical System and Principle
Exercises
1. Questions to the Text
1) What are the components of electrical equipment elements?
There are many types of electrical equipment on the car, but the basic electrical equipment can be roughly divided into the starting system, the ignition system, the lighting and signal system, the information display system, the auxiliary electrical system and the electronic control system.
2) What is the function of the ignition system?
The function of the ignition system is to generate an electric spark that ignites the combustible mixture.
3) What are the characteristics of automotive electrical equipment?
Lower voltage, direct current single-wire, system negative grounding
4) How many main types of batteries are used in fuel vehicles? What are they?
At present, there are two main types of batteries used in fuel vehicles: lead-acid batteries (hereinafter referred to as lead batteries) and nickel-alkali batteries.
5) What are the methods of battery charging?
Constant current charging method, constant voltage charging method, improved constant current charging method, pulse fast charging method
2. Translate the Following Words into Chinese
1) auxiliary 辅助的，辅助人员2) central locking system 中控锁系统3)gauge 测量4) transistor 晶体管5) alumina filter氧化铝过滤器6)grounding 接地7) over-partition connector跨越式连接器8) thyristor rectifier charger晶闸管整流器充电器9) electrolyte电解质10) pulse fast charging脉冲快速充电
3. Translate the Following Sentences into Chinese
1) The battery supplies power to the starter when starting the engine, and supplies power to the powered device when the generator is not working.
蓄电池在起动发动机时向起动机供电，在发电机不工作时向动力装置供电。
2) The ignition system is divided into two categories: electronic ignition system and computer controlled ignition system.
点火系统分为两类：电子点火系统和电脑控制点火系统。
3) The detection system includes various measuring instruments such as voltmeters, ammeters, water temperature meters, oil pressure gauges, fuel gauges, speedometers, engine tachometers and various warning lights to monitor the operation of the engine and other devices.
检测系统包括电压表、电流表、水温表、机油压力表、燃油表、车速表、发动机转速表等各种测量仪器和各种警示灯，用于监测发动机和其他装置的运行情况。
4) A battery is a chemical power source that relies on its internal chemical reactions to store electrical energy or to power electrical equipment.
电池是一种化学电源，依靠其内部的化学反应来储存电能或为电气设备供电。
5) An electrolyte density meter is installed inside the battery to automatically display the storage state of the battery and the level of the electrolyte liquid level.
蓄电池内装有电解液密度计，可自动显示蓄电池的储存状态和电解液液位。
6) The advantages of constant voltage charging are: fast charging speed, short charging time, and charging current IC will gradually decrease to zero as the electromotive force E rises, so that charging automatically stops without manual adjustment and care.
恒压充电的优点是：充电速度快，充电时间短，充电电流IC会随着电动势E的升高而逐渐减小到零，充电自动停止，无需人工调整和维护。
7) The advantages of improved constant current charging are as follows: the active material can be reduced, and the battery can be fully charged.
改进后恒流充电的优点是：可以减少活性物质，使电池完全充满电。
8) The relative density of the electrolyte has a great influence on the operation of the electricity storage. The relative density increases, the freezing point of the
electrolyte decreases, the risk of freezing decreases, and the capacity of the battery can be increased.
电解液的相对密度对储能装置的运行有很大的影响。相对密度增加，电解液的冰点降低，结冰的风险降低，电池的容量可以增加。
9) The method of wet storage is to fully charge the liquid to the normal height. After sealing the vent hole of the liquid filling plug, place it in the dark place.
湿式储电的方法是将液体充满到正常高度。封好充液塞的通气孔后，放在阴暗处。
Unit 8 Car Body
Exercises
1. Questions to the Text
1) What does the car body consist of?
The body includes: the body-in-white and the accessories. The body-in-white usually refers to the white-skinned body that has been welded but not yet painted.
2) How does the body structure made?
The body structure is made by stamping, welding, painting and final assembly.
3) What are the classifications of the front body structure?
For the non-loaded bearing type of front body structure car, the car frame is equipped with a radiator, engine, partial transmission, front suspension, etc.
4) What is the front panel? What is its function?
The front panel is the large stamping which is used to separate the engine compartment and the car. The surface is coated with materials such as heat insulation and sound insulation. This is to prevent the engine compartment from high temperature and noise which will affect the occupants in the cabin. At the same time, the front panel has sufficient strength and rigidity due to the large torsional stiffness. 5) What is the neutral pillar used to?
The neutral pillar is used to support the roof of the car, while also bearing the support of the front and rear doors.
6) What are the main features of side wall?
①The side wall structure on their outer surfaces must conform to the curved surfaces required for the shape of the body. ②In order to increase the strength and rigidity of the side wall structure, most of the side wall structural members adopt a closed cross section, and a reinforcing plate is also used to strengthen the mounting door hinge. The side wall is a load-bearing structure with a large rigidity, and local deformation is not allowed. Otherwise, the door will sink and the sealing of the door will be damaged.③Each structural element of the side wall is required to have a special shape, and has a special groove on one side of the door, and is used for installing a sealing strip to ensure the sealing of the door when fitting with the door. 7) What are the main parts of front body cover?
The main parts of front body cover are hood, front fender, top cover.
8) What is the function of the car's top cover?
The car's top cover is to provide the passengers with a safe and comfortable driving and riding environment, so that the occupants are not exposed to the wind.
2. Translate the Following Words into Chinese
1) weld 焊接，煅接2) beam 横梁3) collision 碰撞4) fender挡泥板5) hood罩，覆盖6) compartment (铁路客车车厢分隔成的)隔间7) rigidity刚性8) rear 后面9) trunk lid行李箱盖10) side wall structure侧围结构11) floor assembly地板总成12) rear door pillar后门柱
3. Translate the Following Sentences into Chinese
1) The body-in-white usually refers to the white-skinned body that has been welded but not yet painted. It is mainly used to indicate the welding structure of the body and the cover, and also includes the front and rear plate parts.
白车身通常指已焊接但尚未涂漆的车身。主要指的是车身与盖的焊接结构，也包括前后板部分。
2) A car is a four-wheeled car that carries people and personal belongings and is placed between two axes. The function of the car body is to provide a more comfortable ride environment and certain safety protection measures for the occupants.
汽车是一种四轮交通工具，在两轴之间载人和物。车身的功能是为乘员提供更舒适的乘坐环境和一定的安全保护措施。
3) It consists of the skeleton structure of the body. It is composed of the body structure and the body covers. It is the skeleton of the main load-bearing element.
它包含车身的骨架结构，由车身结构和车身盖组成，是主要承重构件的骨架。
4) The front headlight frame, the front beam, and the hood front support plate are welded to form a lateral load-bearing unit of the front structure of the vehicle body.
前大灯框、前横梁、发动机罩前支撑板焊接成车身前部结构的横向承载单元。
5) The front wall assembly is composed of a front wall upper cover assembly, a front wall side panel, a front wall panel, a steering column bracket beam and the like.
前围总成由前围上盖总成、前围侧板、前围板、转向柱支架梁等组成。
6) For the mini-car or small ordinary car, in order to meet the requirements of economy and light weight, the structure of the upper cover is simplified, and the front cover usually adopts an open section and is assembled with the instrument panel to achieve sufficient strength.
对于微型车或小型普通车来说，为了满足经济、轻量化的要求，上盖的结构进行了简化，前盖一般采用开口设计，并与仪表板组装，以达到足够的强度。
Unit 9 Blade Electric Vehicles
Exercises
1. Questions to the Text.
1) What are the main types of new energy vehicles?
Pure electric vehicle, blade electric vehicle, fuel cell vehicle
2) What are the advantages of permanent magnet brushless motors?
There is no need to replace the carbon brush and reliable operation.
3) What are the characteristics of a pure electric vehicle drive system?
Electric vehicles are quiet and stable in operation, and do not produce exhaust gas.
2. Translate the Following Words into Chinese.
1) hybrid 混合的，杂交的2) alternative可供替代的3) fuel cell 燃料电池4) DC motor直流电机5) AC motor交流电机6) lithium battery锂电
池7) efficiency效率，功率
3. Translate the Following Sentences into Chinese.
1) A blade electric vehicle is a vehicle that uses a single battery as an energy storage power source. It uses a battery as a power source for storing energy, and supplies power to the motor through the battery to drive the motor to run, thereby driving the vehicle.
纯电动车是一种使用单个电池作为储能电源的车辆。它利用电池作为储能的动力源，通过电池向电机供电，驱动电机运转，从而驱动车辆。
2) The development of pure electric vehicles, despite experienced many ups and downs, but with the development and application of various high-tech lithium-ion power batteries, high-efficiency electric drive systems, and the society's deep understanding of the concept of zero emissions, pure electric vehicles have been given new vitality.
纯电动汽车的发展，尽管经历了许多波折，但随着各种高科技锂离子动力电池、高效电驱动系统的开发和应用，以及社会对零排放理念的深刻理解，纯电动汽车被赋予了新的生命力。
3) Since the pure electric vehicle uses the battery as the sole energy source, the performance indexes of the battery largely determine the driving performance of the vehicle, such as the driving range of the pure electric vehicle and the dynamic performance of the acceleration (or climbing) respectively.
由于纯电动汽车使用电池作为唯一的能源，电池的性能指标在很大程度上决定了汽车的行驶性能，如纯电动汽车的行驶里程和加速（或爬坡）的动态性能。
Unit10 Hybrid Vehicle
Exercises
1. Questions to the Text
1) Why develop a hybrid car?
It is due to the impact of the first energy crisis, environmental protection, and global warming; the focus on fuel economy and CO2 greenhouse gas emissions has increased.
2) How to define a hybrid car?
Referring to the relevant literature of the International Energy Agency (IEA), which defines a hybrid vehicle, a vehicle with the following characteristics of energy and power transmission routes is called a hybrid vehicle:
①The energy transmitted to the wheels to propel the vehicle's motion comes from at least two different energy conversion devices (eg, internal combustion engines, gas turbines, Stirling engines, electric motors, hydraulic motors, fuel cells).
②These conversion devices must draw energy from at least two different energy storage devices (such as fuel tanks, batteries, flywheels, supercapacitors, high-pressure hydrogen storage tanks, etc.).
③At least one of these passages from the energy storage device to the wheel is reversible (both energy and energy can be absorbed), and at least one of them is irreversible.
④Reversible energy storage devices supply electrical energy.
3) What are the advantages of the hybrid cars?
The engine can be operated stably in the optimum working condition area, thereby reducing sewage and fuel consumption. The vehicles can be driven by pure electric means in densely populated commercial areas and residential areas to achieve “zero emissions”. Recovering the energy of the car during deceleration and braking by the motor, further reducing the energy consumption and emission pollution of the car.
2. Translate the Following Words into Chinese
1) parallel平行，并列2) serial 串联3) charge 充电4) integrate (使)合并，成为一体5) auxiliary辅助的6) replenish补充;重新装满7) plug-in插件，插入式的
3. Translate the Following Sentences into Chinese
1) In 1976, the US Department of Energy approved the Electric, Hybrid Vehicle Research, Development, and Model Act to promote, encourage, and support the research and development of hybrid vehicles. Since then, major automobile manufacturers in the world have invested heavily in the development of hybrid electric vehicles, and have achieved many results, especially Toyota Motor Corporation of Japan and Honda Motor Corporation.
1976年，美国能源部批准了《电动、混合动力汽车研究、开发和模型法案》，以促进、鼓励和支持混合动力汽车的研究和开发。此后，世界各大汽车制造商纷纷投入巨资开发混合动力电动汽车，并取得了不少成果，尤其是日本丰田汽车公司和本田汽车公司。
2) It complements the advantages of both, avoiding the loss of energy, the increase of sewage and the lack of richness of pure battery in the internal combustion engine under idle and braking conditions.
它弥补了两者的优点，避免了内燃机在怠速和制动工况下能量的损失、污水的增加和纯电池的不足。
3) At present, most of the world's largest automobile companies make full use of the advanced technology of internal combustion engines and the non-polluting characteristics of electric motors, and together they form a hybrid electric vehicle to develop a vehicle with ultra-low fuel consumption and ultra-low pollution as an internal combustion engine.
目前，世界上最大的汽车企业大多充分利用内燃机的先进技术和电动机的无污染特性，共同组成混合动力电动汽车，开发出超低油耗、超低污染的汽车作为内燃机。
4) It is precise because of the many advantages of hybrid electric vehicles that developed countries such as Japan and the United States are competing to develop hybrid electric vehicles and strive to market them.
正是由于混合动力电动汽车的诸多优势，日本、美国等发达国家竞相开发混合动力电动汽车，并努力将其推向市场。
Unit 11 Fuel Cell-Automobile
Exercises
1. Questions to the Text.
1) Please describe the features of a fuel cell automobile?
Zero emission or near zero emission, green environmental protection
2) Please describe the features of Liquid (Cryogenic) Hydrogen?
The liquid form has a higher energy density and is easier to transport and handle. At atmospheric pressures, Hydrogen is a liquid at-253o C (-423o F), which is only a few
degrees above absolute zero. It must be stored in highly insulated tanks. Liquid hydrogen is a cryogenic fuel.
3) Where do chemical hydrides come from?
The hydrogen—charged hydride is produced off-board and loaded onto the vehicle, rather than adding hydrogen to a material already stored permanently on board.
2. Translate the Following Words into Chinese.
1) electrolyte 电解液;电解质2) suitable合适的3) mixture混合物4) lengthy漫长的;冗长的5) reaction反应;回应6) move in搬来;迁入7) molecule分子8) start up 开办;发动(机器,引擎等) 9) spherical 球形的10) compression压缩
3. Translate the Following Sentences into Chinese.
1) The most commonly used catalyst is platinum, which is sensitive to carbon monoxide at low-temperature operation.
最常用的催化剂是铂，它在低温操作时对一氧化碳很敏感。
2) This carbon dioxide intolerance poses a large barrier for use of AFCs in transportation, although it is expected that AFCs will continue to be utilized in the space program.
这种对二氧化碳的不耐受性对AFC在运输中的应用构成了很大的障碍，尽管预计AFC将继续在空间计划中使用。
3) PAFCs have been used in commercial operations, where they have demonstrated good durability and reliability.
PAFC已用于商业运行，在商业运行中，它们表现出良好的耐久性和可靠性。4) Therefore, additional effort will be involved to develop the pressurized tanks or hybrid systems that are required in order to store hydrogen more effectively.
因此，为了更有效地储存氢气，需要更多的努力来开发加压罐或混合系统。5) Some initial demonstration vehicles could also use LH2 as a means of facilitating earlier introduction.
一些初期的演示车辆也可以使用LH2作为促进早期引进的手段。
Unit 12 Hydrogen Engine Automobile
Exercises
1. Questions to the Text
1) How is hydrogen stored?
Compressed hydrogen in hydrogen tanks at 350 bar (5,000 psi) and 700 bar (10,000 psi) is used for hydrogen tank systems in vehicles, based on type IV carbon-composite technology.
2) How does an engine running on hydrogen work?
These hydrogen engines burn fuel in the same manner that gasoline engines do; the main difference is the exhaust product.
3) What are the advantages and disadvantages of an engine running on hydrogen?
The hydrogen internal combustion car is a slightly modified version of the traditional gasoline internal combustion engine car. These hydrogen engines burn fuel in the same manner that gasoline engines do; the main difference is the exhaust product. Gasoline combustion results in carbon dioxide and water vapor, while the only exhaust product of hydrogen combustion is water vapor.
The challenges facing the use of hydrogen in vehicles include chiefly its storage on-board the vehicle.
2. Translate the Following Words into Chinese
1) retooling再加工2) conversion转变;转换;转化3) exceed超过(数量);超越4) utilize使用;利用5) borane硼氢化合物6) refuel补充燃料，加燃料7) compare with与…相比;比得上8) megajoules per liter兆焦耳每升
3. Translate the Following Sentences into Chinese.
1) Hydrogen vehicles include hydrogen-fueled space rockets, as well as automobiles and other transportation vehicles.
氢燃料运输工具包括以氢为燃料的空间火箭，以及汽车和其他交通工具。
2) In 1965, Roger Billings, then a high school student, converted a Model A to run on hydrogen.
1965年，当时还是高中生的罗杰·比林斯（Roger Billings）将一辆A型车改装成了氢动力车。
3) The challenges facing the use of hydrogen in vehicles include chiefly its storage on-board the vehicle.
在车辆中使用氢气所面临的挑战主要包括车辆上氢气的储存。
4) Hydrogen can also be made by chemical reduction using chemical hydrides or
aluminum.
氢也可以通过使用化学氢化物或铝的化学还原来制备。
Unit 13 New Technology of Automobile Engine
Exercises
1. Questions to the Text
1) What’s the function of the engine in an automobile?
Engine is the most critical part of the car, it is the most important factor to determine the performance of the car, and it’s seen as the heart of the car.
2) What are the new technology of engine intake and exhaust control?
VTEC, VVT-i ,Valvetronic
3) What the advantage of VTEC?
ECU outputs the corresponding control signal, and adjusts the rocker arm piston hydraulic system through the solenoid valve, so that the engine is controlled by different cams under different speed conditions, affecting the valve opening and time.
4) What is the GDI technology?
GDI unit introduces the idea that diesel engine injects diesel directly into the cylinder and injects gasoline directly into the cylinder.
2. Translate the Following Words into Chinese
1) parameter参数2) groove沟;槽3) eliminate排除;清除;消除4) pioneer先锋;先驱5) friction 摩擦;摩擦力6) solenoid valve电磁阀，螺线管操纵阀7) stepping motor步进电动机
3. Translate the Following Sentences into Chinese
1) The main difference between direct injection engine and general gasoline engine is the location of gasoline injection.
直喷式发动机与普通汽油机的主要区别在于汽油喷射的位置。
2) At medium and small loads, fuel injection begins at the end of the compression stroke, and a rich combustible mixture is formed near the spark plug by reasonable coordination with the combustion system, and a thin stratified mixture is formed at a distance from the spark plug.
中、小负荷时，从压缩行程结束时开始喷油，通过与燃烧系统的合理配合，在
汽车专业英语复习题及答案
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《汽车专业英语》习题答案机工版
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国开作业汽车专业英语-《汽车专业英语》课程形成性测试题四25参考（含答案）
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《汽车专业英语》word版
齿轮副 gear pair 平行轴齿轮副gear pair with parallel axes 相交轴齿轮副 gear pair with intersecting axles 交错轴齿轮副 gear pair with non-parallel 齿轮系 gear train 复合行星齿轮系 compound planetary gear train 配对齿轮 mating gears 小齿轮 pinion 大齿轮 wheel 行星齿轮planet gear 行星架 planet carrier
太阳轮 sun gear 内齿圈 ring gear 外齿轮 external gear 内齿轮 internal gear 减速齿轮副 speed reducing gear pair 增速齿轮副 speed increasing gear train 中心距 centre distance 轴交角 shaft angle 连心线 line of centres 齿数比 gear ratio
传动比transmission ratio 减速比 speed reducing ratio 参考平面reference planes 轴平面 axial plane 基准平面 datum plane 节平面 pitch plane 端平面 transverse plane 法平面 normal plane 遐想曲面imaginary srufaces 分度曲面reference surface
节曲面 pitch surface 齿顶曲面 tip surface 齿根曲面 root surface 基本齿廓 basic rack tooth profile 产形齿条counterpart rack 基准线 datum line 轮齿特性 teeth characteristics 轮齿 gear 齿槽 tooth space 右旋齿 right-hand teeth
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Chapter Six Testing Tools 【课题】How to use a multimeter 【教材版本】 高等教育出版社，2005版中职教材《汽车专业英语》. 黄立新主编. 【教学目标】 1．一般了解汽车电表的知识。 2．熟悉常见术语的英语表达方法。 3．能看懂国外万用表上的英语词汇。 【教学重点、难点】 教学重点：汽车电表中常用零件的英文名称。 国外检测仪器上的英语词汇。 教学难点：翻译方法和技巧归纳 【教学媒体及教学方法】 A. 语言功能意念训练 B. 围绕课文展开的讨论 C. 各抒己见：就课文引出的话题交流意见，表述个人观点。 D. 使用教材第6章第1课，播放收集的多媒体演示素材。
【课时安排】 2课时（90分钟） 【教学建议】 通过视频、声音、动画等素材，使学生掌握万用表检测的术语、原理的英文表达。 增加阅读和学习的趣味性，尽量做到通俗易懂。 【教学过程】 一、导入（5分钟） 随着汽车电控技术的发展,对汽车故障的诊断与维修提出了越来越高的要求;汽车检测仪的运用给汽车维修技术人员提供了方便,使汽车电控系统的故障诊断与维
修更简单、更正确、更有效率。 二、新授（75分钟） 译前词语准备 译文及评析 A multimeter tests electrical continuity. It also can measure the amount of alternating current (AC or household current) or direct current (DC or battery current) in a plugged-in or live circuit. It can check voltage, too. 万用表不仅可以测量电路中是否有电流，同时可以测量带电电路中交流电（AC）或者直流电（DC）电流和电压的数值。 评析：①continuity原意是“连续性”，在这里与electrical组成词组，直接翻 译成“电的连续性”不符合语言习惯，而应该按照文章内容的大意，翻译成“是否有电流”比较合适。 ②the amount of是指“……的数量”，在句中作为宾语，它的状语是alternating current (AC or household current) or direct current……，是个状语后置的句子，应该按照汉语的翻译习惯，将状语提前。 ③plugged-in or live circuit按照字面翻译比较困难，应该按照其大体的含义，plugged-in指“插上插头的”，live指“活的”，引申为“带电的” For example, a multimeter can verify that there are about 220 volts in an AC circuit or that a 1.5-volt battery is fully charged. In addition, a multimeter can check resistance. A continuity tester checks resistance, but answers YES or NO. A multimeter checks resistance and reports how many ohms (the measurement of resistance) a circuit has. 例如，万用表可以准确的测量出普通家庭所使用的220V交流电压，或者是日常使用的1.5V电池的直流电压。另外万用表还可以用来测量电阻的大小。通路测试仪只能测出电路是中是否具有电阻，或者说是测出电路的通断情况。而万用表可以准确的测量出电路中电阻是多少欧姆。
《汽车专业英语》期末测试题及参考答案
A. house B. cover C. make D. settle 3. , he will make a first-class tennis player. A. Giving B. To give time C. Given time D. Being given time 4. Do what you think is right, they say. A. whatever B. whichever C. wherever D. however 5. Mr Johnson, together with his wife and two daughters, to arrive on the evening flight. A. are going B. are C. will be D. is going 6. Having labored for months before the examination, she was hopeful success. A. of B. with C. for D. in 7. I’m not sure which restaurant . A. to eat B. eating C. to eat at D. for eating 8. I’ve made a decision and I’ m going to to it. A. insist B. stick C. determine D. persist 9. If you with them, they might reduce the price. A. bargain B. deal C. discuss D. exchange 10. I’d like to know who is the plan and who is against it.