语法填空-定语从句

2014上海高考英语语法填空-定语从句

(2013-10-28 16:14:59)

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一、解题指导

1. 正确分析句子成分是做对题的关键。

2. 引导词的特点：

*关系代词：which, that, who, whom, whose；关系副词when, where, why 和that。（略） *that既指人又指物，先行词是everything, all等或有 the first, the most, the very 等修饰时都能用，所以一般情况下用that引导定语从句比较保险，但以下情况不能用，切记：

a. 在非限制性定语从句中（从句前面有逗号与主句隔开），用which或who, whom;

b. 前面有介词时，用which 或whom;

c. 前面的先行词是anyone, those 时，用who；

*as 和which 可以引导非限制性定语从句，指代整个句子（which有时也仅仅指代主句的一个词和一部分）。which引导的这种从句只能放在主句后，as 引导的这种从句可以放在主句前、后、或在中间插入。另外，以下短语几乎成为固定搭配：

as is often the case, as is known to all, as is hoped, as is natural, as is reported, as has been said, as we know。

如：__As_____ is announced in today’s newspapers, all the schools will reopen on Sept. 1st. *当先行词为case, situation, condition, point 时，且从句不缺少主要成分，用where引导；而出现occasion常用when;

* 关系副词where, when 有时用作关系代词；

如：He climbed up to the top of the temple, from where he could see nothing but trees.

* which 偶尔也指人，着重于该人的品质，地位，身份，而不是人本身。

如：Her sister has become a lawyer, which she wants to be.

*比较：

a. There are 20 people in the bus, most of ________ are boys.

b. There are 20 people in the bus, most of ________boys.

c. There are 20 people in the bus and most of _______ are boys.

key: whom/ them/them

* 比较：

a. ______ is known to us all, the earth goes around the sun.

b. ______ is known to us all is that the earth goes around the sun.

c. ______ is known to us all that the earth goes around the sun. Key: As/ What/It

*比较：

a. He is one of the students who _____ (praise) by the teacher.

b. He is the only one of the students who ______(praise) by the teacher. Key: were praised/was praised

* 比较：

a. Rose is such a kind girl ______ will surely give others help if possible.

b. Rose is such a kind girl ______ she has won a high reputation in our class. Key:as/that

二、强化练习

1. There isn’t a moment ________ I’m not thinking of you.

2. I hate the way _______ you never look at me when you speak to me.

3. Thousands of Haitians cheered as the Chinese medical team arrived, many of _____ even cried with joy.

4. She showed the visitors around the museum, the construction of ______ had taken more than th ree years.

5. She has married again, _______ was unexpected.

6. The Beatles, _____ many of you are old enough to remember, came from Liverpool.

7. It is such a good place ______ everybody wants to go and visit ______ it is well known all over the world.

8. The book was written in 1946, _______(during which/ since when) the education system has witnessed great change.

9. One of the boys who _______(be) my friends ________(be) very good at English.

10. Occasions are very rare _______ I have the time to spend a whole day with my kids.

11. I will put the book _______ you placed it and make a mark at the place _______ can be easil y seen.

12. It is on the morning of May first _______ I met Liang at the airport.

三、语篇练习

Influenza, or flu, is 1______ common infection of the nose and throat, and sometimes the lungs. The cause is a virus that passes from one person to another. The virus spreads through the air 2___ ____ an infected person expels air suddenly.

Medical experts have identified three major kinds of influenza. They call them type A, B and C. T ype C is 3_______(little) serious. People may not even know they have it. But researchers study th e 4_______ two kinds very closely. Viruses change to survive. This can make 5______ difficult fo r the body to recognize and fight an infection.

A person 6______has suffered one kind of flu develops the same kind again. The body’s defense s ystem produces antibodies. These substances stay in the blood and destroy the virus 7_______ it a ppears again. 8_______ the body may not recognize a flu virus 9________ has even a small chang e.

Each year, researchers develop vaccines(疫

苗) to prevent the spread of the flu virus. The WHO holds meetings in 10_______ experts discuss 11________ kinds of flu viruses to include in the next vaccine.

二、 1. when 2. that 3. whom 4. which 5. which 6. which 7. as ; that 8. since when 9. are;is 10. when 11. where;where 12. that

三、

1. a

2. when

3. least

4. other

5. it

6. who

7. when

8. But

9. which/that 10. which 11. what

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