虚拟语气 (2)

✪虚拟语气

If I were you, I should seize the opportunity to go aboard.

2、If you had taken my advice, you would not have failed in the exams.

3、☆If you come tomorrow, we would have the meeting.

☆If it were to rain tomorrow, the sports meeting would be put off.

☆If he should not come tomorrow ,we should put off the meeting till next

Monday.

★使用虚拟条件句时要注意以下几点：

1、当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时，被称为“错综时间条件句”，动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间作出相应的调整

e.g.:☆If you had followed my advice just now, you would be better now.

☆If you had studied hard before, you would be a college

student now.

2、If省略句

⑴在条件句中可省略if,把were、had、should提到句首变为倒装句式

e.g.: ☆If I were at school again, I would study harder.

→Were I t school again, I would study harder.

☆If you had come earlier, you would catch the bus.

→Had you come earlier, you would catch the bus

☆If it should rain tomorrow, we would not go climbing.

→Should it rain tomorrow, we would not go climbing.

⑵若省略的条件中的谓语动词是否定形式时，不能用动词的缩略形式

e.g.: (正确) Were it not for the expense.

(错误)Weren’t it for the expense.

3、用介词短语代替条件状语从句，常用的介词有：with、

without、but for

e.g.: ☆We couldn’t have finished the work ahead of time without your help.

=Without your help, we couldn’t have finished the work ahead of time.

=But for your help, we couldn’t have finished the work ahead of time.

=If it had not been for your help, we couldn’t have finished the work ahead of

time.

=Had it not been for your help, we couldn’t have finished the work ahead of time.

4、含蓄条件句

有时为了表达的需要，在虚拟语气中并不总是出现if引导的条件句而通过其他手段来代替条件句

e.g.:☆I was ill that day. Otherwise, I would have taken part in the sports meet.

☆He telephoned to inform me of your birthday, or I would have known nothing about it.

☆A man who stopped drinking water would be dead in

about seven days.

☆I might have given you more help, but I was too busy.

二、虚拟语气在名词性从句中的运用

1、用于宾语从句中

⑴在下列动词引导的宾语从句中用虚拟语气

坚持：insist

命令：order、command

建议：suggest、advise、propose

要求：demand、require、ask、desire

⑵would rather后的虚拟语气

e.g.:☆I would rather they didn’t hear of the news.

☆We’d rather you didn’t smoke in our home.

☆I’d rather you hadn’t done that.

⑶wish后的虚拟语气

①过去时(宾语从句动作与wish同时)

②过去完成时(宾语从句动作先于wish )

③could/would/might + v. (宾语从句动作后于wish)

e.g.:☆I wish (that) I were a bird and could fly freely in the sky.

☆I wish (that) I had met that film star yesterday.

☆How I wish it weren’t raining now.

⑷if only + 陈述句后的虚拟语气

①表示现在的愿望，用过去时

e.g.: ☆If only I knew his name.

☆If only our parents could live together with us.

②表示过去的愿望，用过去完成时

e.g.: If only we had listened to their advice.

③表示将来的愿望，用过去将来时

e.g.: If only it would stop raining.

2、用于主语从句中

It is necessary/important/strange/natural/suggested + that从句，从句中的谓语动词用should + v. ,should可省略

e.g.:☆It is suggested that the meeting should be put off till next week

☆It is necessary that he should be sent there at once.

3、用于表语从句和同位语从句中

在suggestion、proposal、order、advice、request、demand等名词后接表语从句，用虚拟语气

e.g.:☆My suggestion is that we (should) send a few comrades to help them.

☆My advice is that you (should) treat her well.

☆My demand is that he (should) come to see me once a week

三、虚拟语气在状语从句中的运用

用于as if / as though引导的从句中

⑴如果as if 引导的从句的谓语动词与主句的谓语动词所

表达的动作同时发生，as if引导的从句的谓语动词用过去时；

⑵如果as if 引导的从句的谓语动词所表达的动作先于主句的谓语动词所表达的动作，as if引导的从句的谓语动词用过去完成时

⑶如果as if 引导的从句的谓语动词所表达的动作后于主

句的谓语动词所表达的动作，as if引导的从句的谓语动

词用过去将来时

e.g.:☆He looks as if he were an artist.

☆She speaks English so fluently as if she had studied English in America.

☆He learns English so hard as if he would go to the U.S.A.

四、虚拟语气在定语从句中的运用

It is (high/about ) time that＋①过去时

②should + v.

e.g.: ☆It is high time that you went to school.

☆It is about time that we went to bed.

虚拟语气2

1,If he __________ (drive) more carefully, he ____________(have) the car accident yesterday. 2.If I __(know ) how to swim, I _____(be) trapped in this island. 3. If I were you, I ____ (buy) the house right now. 4. If the captain _____(be) more careful, his ship would not have sunk. 5. If he ____(call) me tomorrow, I would let him know 6. The volleyball match will be put off if it _____(rain). 7. We suggested that Tom_________________(rest) 8, The king ordered that the prisoners________(kill) the next day. 9.They requested that we______(send) them to work there. 10. If you _____(ask) him yesterday, you _____(know) what to do now. 11. What would have happened, if Bob _____(walk) farther as far as the river bank? 12. How I wish every family _____(had) a large house with a beautiful garden! (02 上海) 13. When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it ____(break). 14. It’s half past eleven. It’s high time _____(go) home 15. - Do you mind if I leave the window open? - Well, I’d rather you _____(do) .

2虚拟语气

虚拟语气( Subjunctive Mood) 虚拟语气表示所说的话不是事实，而是一种愿望、假设、疑惑、条件或与事实相反的情况。 e.g. I wish it were over. If she had time today, she would come. It’s necessary that we should start at once. 虚拟语气不只是表达“假设”与“空想”，它还可以用来表达猜测、建议，表示说话人谦虚、客气、有礼貌，是一种委婉的语气。 e.g. If I had seen her yesterday, I should have spoken to her, but I did not see her. He suggested that we (should) come another day. If you kept on, you would succeed. 一、虚拟语气在非真实条件状语从句( If从句及主句)中的形式及其使用 1）与现在事实相反的非真实条件状语从句 If I had a bike, I would lend it to you. If I were you, I shouldn’t believe that. 2）与过去事实相反的非真实条件状语从句 e.g. If he had seen you yesterday, he would have asked you about it. If you had come earlier, you would/ might have met him.

If he had been here last week, he would have helped you. 3）与将来事实相反的非真实条件状语从句 e.g. If it should rain tomorrow, the crops would be saved. If it were to snow tomorrow, they would not go out. If they made that mistake again, they would be punished If he were here, everything would be all right. 注意：主句中第一人称后多用should, 但美英中多用would. 4）虚拟语气条件句时态的交错用法： 当从句与主句的动作不是同时发生时，这时就要分别根据各自发生的时间，选用相对的虚拟语气。 e.g. If he had followed the doctor’s advice(表示过去), he would be quite all right now.（表现在） If she had worked harder(表示过去), she would study at university now（表 现在）. 2．省略if 后的倒装 当if从句中谓语含有were或 had, should这三个词。If可以省略，省去if 后，句子要用部分倒装，把were, had, should提前。 e.g. If I were in your place, I wouldn’t give it up so early. Were I in your place, I wouldn’t give it up so early. If I had known, I might have joined you in the discussion. Had I known, I might have joined you in the discussion. If you should be interested, I would lend you one someday. Should you be interested, I would lend you one someday.

虚拟语气(1)(2)

虚拟语气（一） －if引导的虚拟条件句 虚拟语气(Subjunctive Mood)这一语法项目是各类英语考试中测试的重点之一。虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式，用来表示说话人所说的话并不是事实，而是一种假设、愿望、怀疑或推测。首先要判断是真实条件句还是非真实条件句, 只有在非真实条件句中才使用虚拟语气。通过句子意思，看假设的条件是否能够实现，能够实现是真实条件句，不能使用虚拟语气；假设的条件不能实现则是非真实条件句，要用虚拟语气.判断这个假设是与哪个时间的事实相反。通常有三种情况：①与过去事实相反②与现在事实相反③与将来事实可能相反 最基本的虚拟语气句型: 1. 虚拟现在时表示与现在事实相反的假设，其if从句的谓语形式用动词的过去式(be 一般用were)，主句用would/ should/ could/ might +动词原形。 If places were alike, there would be little need for geographers. 2. 虚拟过去时是表示与过去事实相反的假设，if 从句的谓语形式用过去完成时的形式 即had＋过去分词，主句用would / should / could / might + have +过去分词。 If he had known your address yesterday, he would have telephoned you. 3. 虚拟将来时是表示对将来实现的可能性很小的或不确定的假设。If从句的谓语形式用一般 过去式或用were to/should +动词原形,主句用would /should/could /might+动词原形。 If he were to leave today, he would get there by Friday. 谓语动词形式见下表: 即时演练： 1. I didn’t see your sister at the meeting. If she ______, she would have met my brother. A. has come B. did come C. came D. had come 2. It’s quite impossible that it’ll rain tomorrow. But if it ______, I would still go to the park. A. should rain B. would rain C. rains D. had rained 3. I _______ if she _______ me. A. would have overslept, didn’t call B. would have overslept, hadn’t called C. overslept, hadn't called D. would overslept, didn't call 4. The new airport _____ if they had not stopped working on it. A. would complete B. had been completed C. had completed D. would have been completed 5.If there were no subjunctive mood, English ______ much easier. A. could have been B. would be C. will be D. would have been

重难点语法规则精讲精练(虚拟语气2)

重难点语法规则精讲精练（虚拟语气2） 第二讲：特殊形式的虚拟语气 Tips I. Fill in the blanks with the following verbs in their proper form. 1.It is essential that these application forms ___________________ (send) back as early as possible． 2.When she was at the party, she wished she _________________(be) at home. It is high time that you ________________(hand) in your composition. We have all handed in ours. 3.I regret that I lost my left leg in the adventure. If only I ___________________(take) mother's advice． 4.His pale face suggests that he ___________ (be) in bad health. We suggest he ______________ (go) to see the doctor. II. Put the following sentences into English according to the Chinese given. 1.我希望我像你一样强壮。________________________________________________________________________. 2.他们坚持要我收下礼物。________________________________________________________________________. 3.要是我没丢手表就好了。________________________________________________________________________. 4.我们有必要知道如何操作计算机。________________________________________________________________. 5.该是我们吃午饭的时间了。______________________________________________________________________. III. Choose the right answers for the blanks 1. _____________ be sent to work there? A. Who do you suggest B. Who do you suggest that should C. Do you suggest who should D. Do you suggest whom should 2. --- Most students went to the party yesterday. It is a pity that you were absent. --- I wish I _________. But I was terribly busy. A. did B. had C. were D. would 3. Yesterday Jane walked away from the discussion. Otherwise, she ____________ something she would regret later. A. had said B. said C. might say D. might have said 4. If your brother had listened to the teacher carefully and had gone over his lesons in time, his English _____ a lot． A．would have improved B．will be improved C．had improved D．has been improved 5. The order came that the medical supplies __ to Xi’an for the desease soon.A.would be sent B.should sendC.be sent D.must be sent 6. He is talking so much about America as if he __________ there. A. had been B. has been C. was D. has gone 7. The suggestion has been made ____ the basketball game ____ put off. A. for; to B. that; be C. which; should be D. to; being 8. You didn’t let me drive. If we ______in turn, you _____so tired. A. drove; didn’t get B. drove; wouldn’t get C. were driving; wouldn’t get D. had driven; wouldn’t have got 9. I told Sally how to get there, but perhaps I _____for her. A. had to write it out B. must have written it out C. should have written it out D. ought have written it out 10. When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it ___. A. breaks B. has broken C. were broken D. had been broken 11. If the contest ___ tomorrow, I would probably go and see it. A. is to take place B. were to take place C. was taken place D. would take place 12. If we had taken such effective measures much earlier, the fiver so seriously now. A．is not polluted B．would not be polluted C．had not been polluted D．would not have been polluted

虚拟语气2

虚拟语气（2） 一、名词性从句中的虚拟语气 1.一“坚持” (insist) , 二“命令” (order, command) , 四“建议” (advise, suggest, propose, recommend) , + (that) sb (should) do ... 五“要求” (ask, demand, require, request, desire)(that) sb / sth (should) be done 【翻译】我们建议Tom 去休息一下。 他坚持要我与他同行。 他们要求派Tom去那儿工作。 老师要求作业要及时完成。 2. 这些动词相对应的名词性从句也用（should ）do 1）It is suggested that we (should) practise reading English everyday. 2）The suggestion given by our teacher is that we (should) practise reading English everyday. 3）The teacher give us a suggestion that we (should) practise reading English everyday. 【熟记下列句型】 *It is ordered / commanded / suggested / advised / requested / required / demanded …that …(should) do *The / One’s insistence / order / command / suggestion / advice / proposal / recommendation / request / requirement / demand / desire is / was that …(should) do *a / the suggestion / request (等) that … (should) do… 3. wish 的宾语从句 与现在事实相反: 一般过去时( be 用were ) Wish 与过去事实相反: 过去完成时 与将来事实相反: would/could +V.原(不用should) 二、虚拟语气特殊句型与固定句式: 1. would rather I would rather you returned me my money now. I would rather you came tomorrow. I would rather we hadn’t told her the bad news yesterday. 与现在事实相反: 一般过去时( be 用were ) Would rather 与过去事实相反: 过去完成时 与将来事实相反: 一般过去时 2. as if / as though 1). 从句的动作与主句动作同时发生(可以理解成与现在事实相反) He behaves as if he______(own) the house. He behaves as if he ______ (be) the owner of the house. 2). 从句的动作发生在主句动作之前(可以理解成与过去事实相反) She talked about Rome as though she __________ (be) there herself. 3). 从句的动作发生在主句动作之后(可以理解成与将来事实相反) He coughed (咳嗽) twice as if someone would come. 他咳嗽两声就好像有人要来了。 一般过去时 3. It is (high / about ) time (that) “是时候…... (做某事)”Should do 注意: should不能省略 1) 是时候采取措施来保护环境了。

虚拟语气 (2)

✪虚拟语气 If I were you, I should seize the opportunity to go aboard. 2、If you had taken my advice, you would not have failed in the exams. 3、☆If you come tomorrow, we would have the meeting. ☆If it were to rain tomorrow, the sports meeting would be put off. ☆If he should not come tomorrow ,we should put off the meeting till next Monday. ★使用虚拟条件句时要注意以下几点： 1、当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时，被称为“错综时间条件句”，动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间作出相应的调整 e.g.:☆If you had followed my advice just now, you would be better now. ☆If you had studied hard before, you would be a college student now. 2、If省略句 ⑴在条件句中可省略if,把were、had、should提到句首变为倒装句式 e.g.: ☆If I were at school again, I would study harder. →Were I t school again, I would study harder. ☆If you had come earlier, you would catch the bus. →Had you come earlier, you would catch the bus ☆If it should rain tomorrow, we would not go climbing. →Should it rain tomorrow, we would not go climbing. ⑵若省略的条件中的谓语动词是否定形式时，不能用动词的缩略形式 e.g.: (正确) Were it not for the expense. (错误)Weren’t it for the expense. 3、用介词短语代替条件状语从句，常用的介词有：with、 without、but for e.g.: ☆We couldn’t have finished the work ahead of time without your help. =Without your help, we couldn’t have finished the work ahead of time. =But for your help, we couldn’t have finished the work ahead of time. =If it had not been for your help, we couldn’t have finished the work ahead of time. =Had it not been for your help, we couldn’t have finished the work ahead of time. 4、含蓄条件句 有时为了表达的需要，在虚拟语气中并不总是出现if引导的条件句而通过其他手段来代替条件句 e.g.:☆I was ill that day. Otherwise, I would have taken part in the sports meet. ☆He telephoned to inform me of your birthday, or I would have known nothing about it. ☆A man who stopped drinking water would be dead in about seven days. ☆I might have given you more help, but I was too busy. 二、虚拟语气在名词性从句中的运用 1、用于宾语从句中 ⑴在下列动词引导的宾语从句中用虚拟语气 坚持：insist 命令：order、command 建议：suggest、advise、propose 要求：demand、require、ask、desire ⑵would rather后的虚拟语气 e.g.:☆I would rather they didn’t hear of the news. ☆We’d rather you didn’t smoke in our home. ☆I’d rather you hadn’t done that. ⑶wish后的虚拟语气 ①过去时(宾语从句动作与wish同时) ②过去完成时(宾语从句动作先于wish ) ③could/would/might + v. (宾语从句动作后于wish) e.g.:☆I wish (that) I were a bird and could fly freely in the sky. ☆I wish (that) I had met that film star yesterday. ☆How I wish it weren’t raining now.

虚拟语气2(特殊句型)讲义(教师逐字稿)

虚拟语气（2）讲义（教师逐字稿） PPT(第1页)：今天我要讲解的主题是：时态。时态的重要性不用多说，每一个英文句子都有时态，所以一定要100%掌握。 PPT(第2页)：我们的学习是按照这个思路进行的，一，构建知识图，二，利用知识图解题；三，复习练习。 PPT(第3-4页)：这是我们本次学习的整个思维导图体系。 PPT(第5页)：我们来看一下虚拟条件句的升级。 PPT(第6页)：我们现在学习虚拟条件句：混装、伪装、倒装。（接下来，学霸照读此页PPT即可） PPT(第7页)：（学霸照读此页PPT即可） PPT(第8页)：我们一起来看一下： 第1步：事实上，你当初没有每天都练习说英语，现在你的英语也说的不好，于是可以判断是虚拟。 ①看主句：主句“就”字诀→w?+ do →根据“现在”“过去”的时间背景，判断出正常的时态是will do或者是would do。 根据句意正常的时态，是用will speak ②看从句：时间背景是“现在”，正常时态就用“一般现在时”；时间背

景是“过去”，正常时态就用“一般过去时”。 根据句意,正常的时态是一般现在是，所以用practised 第3步：根据“变态”规律： practised →had practised ; will speak →would speak If you had practised speaking English every day, you would speak English well enough. PPT(第9页)：（学霸照读此页PPT即可） PPT(第10页)：我们来着这句：没有他们的支持(without their support)，你们当时就不会成功（succeed）了。 这句话不是标准的“如果.....就......”，这句话是虚拟语气的“伪装”。第1步：事实上，你们当时就成功了。于是可以判断是虚拟。 第2步：用正常的时态。 ①在头脑中，利用前后句意，用中文造出一个标准的虚拟条件句（如果......, 就......） 可以造出这么一个句子：“在如果没有他们的支持，你们当时就不会成功了。” ②判断该句是隐含的“主句”，还是隐含的“从句” 根据刚才造出的句子，我们需要写得这个句子是“主句”。

虚拟语气二

虚拟语气二 定义：虚拟语气用来表示说话人的主观愿望或假设，而不表示客观存在的事实，所说的是一个条件，不一定是事实，或与事实相反。 表示方式：谓语动词的特殊形式 二、虚拟语气在从句中的用法 1. 主语从句中的用法 (1) 在以it为形式主语的复合句中，虚拟语气在主语从句中表示建议、要求、命令等，谓语动词用should be型或be型虚拟式。 例：It’s natural that she should do so.It is essential that we should tell her the news. (2) 主句的谓语为某些动词的被动语态，常用在It is (was) desired (suggested，settled，proposed，recommended，requested，decided，etc.) that...句型中。 例：It is suggested that the question should be discussed at the next meeting. 【活学活用】 1. It was suggested yesterday that a meeting ____ to discuss the matter. A. will be held B. would be held C. should hold D. be held 2. It's strange that he ____ without saying good-bye to us. A. should have gone out B. went C. should go out D. goes out 2. 在宾语从句中的用法 (1) wish的宾语从句中的谓语动词形式 ①动词的过去式表示对现在情况的假设。 例：I wish prices would come down. ② had+过去分词表示对过去情况的假设。 例：I wish I had known it before.

虚拟语气 (2)

虚拟语气（Subjunctive Mood） 虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式，一是用来表示说话人所说的话不是一个事实，而是一种假设、猜测、怀疑等(在条件从句中)；二是表示说话人的愿望、要求、命令、建议等(在宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句)。 一.___________________________________ (1) If you had come a few minutes earlier, you would have met him. (2) If it were sunny tomorrow, I would come to see you. (3) If I were you, I would go at once. 注1：_____________________________________ 1. If you had come a few minutes earlier, you would have met him. = 2. If it were sunny tomorrow, I would come to see you. = 3. If I knew everything, I wouldn’t be here. = 注2：_______________________________ If I had learned French in the past, I would be able to translate the story for you now. Exercises: 1. If I had hurried, I ______the train. A. would catch B. will have caught C. would have caught D. had caught C 2. ____the expense, I ____ Italy. B A. If it were not for; go B. If it were not for, would go C. Weren’t it for ; will go D. If it hadn’t been; would have gone 3. If my lawyer _____here last Saturday, he ____me from going. A A. had been; would have prevented B. had been; would prevent C. were; would prevent D. were; would have prevented 4. ---Did you remind him of the meeting? ---No, if I___ at home, I would have. B A. were B. had been C. were to D. should be 5. If you had _________ your test paper carefully before handing it in, you would have made fewer mistakes. C A. looked up B. thought about C. gone over D. gone round 6. The rice ________ if you had been more careful. A. would not be burning B. would not burn C. would not have been burnt D. would not burnt C 7.—If he _________, he _________ that food. —Luckily he was sent to the hospital immediately.B A. was warned; would not take B. had been warned; would not have taken C. would be warned; had not taken D. would have been warned 8. _________ it rain tomorrow, we would have to put off the visit to the Yangpu Bridge. B A. Were B. Should C. Would D. Will 9. ______ today, he would get there by Friday. C A. Would he leave B. Were he leaving C. Were he to leave D. Had he left 10._________ for the free tickets, I would not have gone to the films so often. C A. If it is not B. Were it not C. Had it not been D. If they were not 11. It is hard for me to imagine what I would be doing today if I ____in love, at the age of seven, with the Melinda Cox Library in my hometown.

动词虚拟语气的用法归纳 (2)

动词虚拟语气的用法归纳 一、虚拟语气的定义和基本形式 虚拟语气是一种用来表达非事实情况或假设情况的语法结构，表示与现实情况相反、与过去或将来事实相反或不可能实现的想法、愿望、建议等。虚拟语气常以“动词+宾语从句”的形式出现。 二、虚拟语气的几种常见用法 1. 表示愿望或建议 希望某事发生或建议某人采取某种行动时，可使用虚拟语气。 例： I wish I were a bird.（我希望我是一只鸟。） They suggested that he take a break.（他们建议他休息一下。） 2. 表示不可能实现的条件 当所指的条件无法实现时，常用虚拟语气表示对顺利完成此事的怀疑。 例： If I were you, I would quit my job.（如果我是你，我会辞职。） If he had studied harder, he would have passed the exam.（如果他学习更刻苦些，他就能通过考试了。） 3. 表示对现在情态或时间从句中谓语所述的假设 当使用情态动词来表示一种假设时，需要使用虚拟语气。 例：

If I could speak Chinese, I would travel to China.（如果我会说中文，我会去中国旅行。） If he were here, we would be able to ask him for help.（如果他在这里，我们就能向他求助。） 4. 表示对过去情态或时间从句中谓语所述的假设 当对过去事件进行假设时，常用虚拟语气来表达。 例： If it had rained yesterday, we wouldn't have gone for a picnic.（如果昨天下雨了，我们就不去野餐了。） He wished h e hadn’t said those words.（他希望自己没有说那些话。） 5. 在某些特定句型中使用虚拟语气 a) as if/though引导的从句 当描述一个与实际情况相反的情况时，可用虚拟语气。 例： She looks at me as if she knew me before.（她看着我好像以前认识我一样。） They talked about the future as though it were certain.（他们谈论未来，好像那是确定无疑的一样。） b) suppose/supposing后跟宾语从句表假设 用于提出一种条件下可能发生或存在的事情。 例： Suppose it rains tomorrow, what will we do? （假设明天下雨，我们该怎么办？）

名师语法：虚拟语气详解(2)

名师语法：虚拟语气详解（2） 概念引入 上一单元我们学习了虚拟语气中与现在、将来事实相反的虚拟条件句及宾语从句的虚拟语气。本单元要继续学习虚拟语气中与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句，及虚拟语气在其它从句中的应用。 首先，我们先看下面含虚拟语气的句子： ,ifJac hadscored thatgoal ’tstayed u e afewminutesearlier，you wouldhavemet him 要是你早来几分钟的话，你就见到他了。（事实：来晚了 ---you came late） IfShe hadn’tbeen sostrictwithherself,she wouldn’thav e madesuchgreatetoyourmand,decision,recommendation等”后面的同位语从句或表语从句中，用“should动词原形”，其中should可省略。 Myideaisthatweshouldgetmoremand,suggestion,e

从句 3分辨句子是陈述事实，还是表示虚拟语气。 Shouldgreeneday,_____ontheearth 分析：应选D。从句子的形式和内容（植物消失，生命绝迹）来看，是省略了if用倒装的对未来情况作出假定和推测的句子，其主句部分应该使用与将来事实相反的虚拟语气的谓语形式。 4区别时间。 判断句子所叙述的情况发生在何时（现在、过去或将来），如果句子是复合句，要仔细确认从句和主句叙述的情况是否发生在同一时间层面，然后选择相应的谓语动词的虚拟形式。注意时间副词、从句或前后句的暗示。 1） Ifthecityhadbuiltmorehomesforthethere_____soserious 分析：选B。从题干的形式和语义看，是非真实条件句，由从句中的时间状语in2022和过去完成时谓语动词可以知道从句与过去事实相反，由主句中的current（现在的）可知主句表示的是与现在事实相反的情况。 2） Butfortheoldwoman,he________ofhungerfifteenyearsago 分析：应选A。因为butfor要不是因为、如果没有通常要

if 虚拟语气的用法 (2)

if 虚拟语气的用法 一、虚拟语气简介 虚拟语气是英语中的一种特殊的语法形式，用来表示说话人所述内容不是事实或现实情况。它主要用于表达假设、愿望、建议、命令等非现实状态或情况。在使用虚拟语气时，通常需要使用“were”代替“was”作为动词“be”的过去形式。 二、表示假设的虚拟语气 1.与现在事实相反的条件句 如果我们要表达与现在事实相反的假设情况，可以使用“if”引导的条件句加上“would/could/might + 动词原形”的结构。例如： If I were rich, I would travel around the world. 如果我富有，我会周游世界。 2.与过去事实相反的条件句 当我们想要表达与过去事实相反的假设情况时，可以使用“if”引导的条件句加上“had + 过去分词”的结构来描述过去发生但不可能存在的假设结果。例如：If I had studied harder, I would have passed the exam. 如果我学得更努力些，我就能通过考试了。 3.对未来可能性进行假设 有时候，我们需要对未来可能发生的情况进行假设，并用虚拟语气来表示。这时可以使用“if”引导的条件句加上“were to/would/might + 动词原形”的结构。例如：If it were to rain, we would cancel the outdoor activity. 如果下雨的话，我们就会取消户外活动。

三、表示愿望和建议的虚拟语气 1.对现在或未来愿望进行表达 当我们希望某种不可能或不太可能实现的情况发生时，可以使用虚拟语气来表达愿望。这时可以使用“wish/If only + 过去式”来引导愿望句。例如： I wish I were taller. 我希望自己能更高一点。 2.对过去事实进行否定性建议 当我们需要对过去某种无法改变的事实提出否定性建议时，可以使用虚拟语气来表示。这里可以使用“should have + 过去分词”的结构。例如： You should have attended the meeting yesterday. 你昨天应该参加会议。 四、命令句中的虚拟语气 在英语中，有些能力比较低下或无法做到的命令可以用虚拟语气来表示。一般用"should + 动词原形" 的结构。例如： You should apologize to her for being rude. 你应该为自己的粗鲁向她道歉。 五、总结 虚拟语气在英语中具有重要的作用，它能够帮助我们表达假设、愿望、建议和命令等非现实情况或状态。通过灵活运用虚拟语气的不同形式和结构，我们可以在交流中更准确地表达自己的意思。因此，对于学习英语的人来说，掌握虚拟语气的用法是非常重要的一部分。