虚拟语气讲义(15个句式)
虚拟语气讲义
1．虚拟语气句型1
If + were/ did/ (动词的过去式), 主语+would/ might/ should / could + do 。
(表示对现在的假设)
eg. If I were you, I would not be so proud . 如果我是你,我不会如此自负.
eg. I don’t have a cellphone. If I had one , it would be convenient for me to get in touch with others 我没有手机，如果我有手机的话，和别人联系就方便的多了。
eg. If I were in your position, I would think better of it .
如果我处在你现在的境地，我会重新考虑然后放弃。
2. 虚拟语气句型2
If + had done, 主语+would/ might/ should / could + have done
表示对过去或已经发生事情的虚拟假设。
eg. What a pity it is that you didn’t attended the concert yesterday! If you had attended the concert, you would have seen the famous singer.
真遗憾你昨天没有去听音乐会。如果你去了，你就会见到那位名歌手。
eg. Anyone in his position would have done the same
= If anyone had been in his position, he would have done the same.
3. 虚拟语气句型3
If + were/ did(动词过去式)/should/ were to do , 主语+would/ might/ should / could + do (表示对将来的假设).
eg. If he should refuse (= if he were to refuse = if he refused ), it wouldn’t matter 万一他拒绝了. 那也没有什么关系.
eg. If you shouldn’t pa ss the college entrance examination, what would you do?
万一你高考不中，你该怎么办？
4. 虚拟语气条件句的倒装
在虚拟条件句中，如果出现有were, had, should，可省去if，可将主语与这些词倒装，构成虚拟倒装句。
eg. Should he act like that again, he would be fined. 如果他还这样做，就要受罚。
eg. Had the doctor come in time ast night, the boy would have been saved.
eg. Were I to go to the moon one day, I would see it with my own eyes.
eg. Had I enough money (= if I had enough money, I would buy a large house.
5. 虚拟语气句型4
if only 引起的感叹句, 相当于“How I wish＋宾语从句”
意为“但愿…，要是…就好了”。
eg. If only he could come! 他要能来就好了。
eg. If only we students didn’t have so much homework.!
要是没有这么多作业该多好！
eg. If only I hadn’t been so careless in the exam ! 我当时没有那么粗心就好了！
6．虚拟语气句型5
What if …? 要是…怎么办？（可以用于虚拟，也可以表示真实情况）
eg. What if he comes? 要是他来怎么办？
eg. What if it rains when we can’t get under shelter.
如果下起雨来，我们没处躲雨怎么办？
eg. What if you were to run out of money? 假如你的钱用光了，你将怎么办？
7. 虚拟语气句型6
if it were not for …( = were it not for…)
if it hadn’t been for…( = had it not been for…)
“要不是因为有…; 如果不是。。。”
eg. If it hadn’t been for ( Had it not been for)the determined captain , all the passengers on board wouldn’t have been saved. 要不是因为有意志坚定的船长，船上的旅客就不会得救。
eg. If it were not for your rich parents, we couldn’t live so easy a life .
要不是因为你有钱的父母，你的生活不会如此安逸。
8．虚拟语气句型7
but for, but that,
but for + 名词和but that+ 从句，意为“倘若不是，要不是”，接虚拟语气。
eg. But for air and water, nothing could live.
如果没有空气和水，什么东西都难以存活。
= If there were no air or water, nothing could live.
eg. But for the storm, we should have arrived earlier.
= if it hadn’t been for the storm. We should have arrived.
如果不是暴风雨，我们本该早点到达。
eg. She could not have believed it, but that she saw it. 若非亲眼所见，她是不会相信的。
9．虚拟语气句型8
在suggest, propose, insist, demand, required, request, order 等表示建议、要求、命令的名词性从句中需用虚拟语气，基本句型：主语＋（should）＋动词原形。
eg. Mother insisted that John (should) go to bed at 9 o’clock.（宾语从句）
eg. We suggested that the meeting (should) not be held.
eg. It was required that the crops (should) be harvested at once.（主语从句）
eg. The suggestion that he (should) be invited was rejected.（同位语从句）
eg. That is their demand that their wages (should) be increased.（表语从句）
10．虚拟语气句型9
it’s necessary/ important that sb should do…, should 可以省略
eg. With the society developing very fast, it’s quite necessary /important that we (should) have a good knowledge of English and computer.
随着社会的快速发展，我们有必要精通英语和电脑。
eg. It’s necessary that John take the exam first. 约翰有必要先参加考试
11．虚拟语气句型10
it’s strange / a pity/ surprising that sb should do…, should 表示“竟然”
eg. It’s a pity that she should miss the chance. 很遗憾她错过了这次机会。
eg. It’s really surprising that a prophecy (预言) should coincide with the fact so exactly.
令人惊讶的是，预言和事实竟然如此巧合。
eg. it’s strange that he shouldn’t pass the exam 奇怪的是他竟然没有通过考试。
12．虚拟语气句型11
wish+宾语从句, 表示不大可能实现的愿望
表示现在的愿望：主语＋过去时；
表示过去的愿望：主语＋had＋过去分词；
表示未来的愿望：主语＋would（could）＋原形。
eg. How I wish we students had more free time to relax ourselves!
eg. I failed in the maths exam. How I wish I hadn’t wasted so much time playing .
eg. What a pity you can’t go to the party . How I wish I could dance with you at the party.
13．虚拟语气句型12
It’s (high /about) time that sb did /should do…早就该…,
eg. It’s time that you went to school
= It’s time that you should go to school. 你该上学了。
eg. It’s high time that we did something to improve our environment.
我们早该为环保做些事情了。
14．虚拟语气句型13
would rather that sb did…“宁愿…; 更愿意…” , 表示现在或将来的愿望
would rather that sb had done…“宁愿…; 更愿意…” , 表示过去的愿望
eg. I’d rather you posted the letter right away. 我想让你现在去邮信
eg. I’d rather you were not a celebrated actor . In that case, we could spend more time together 我倒情愿你不是什么名演员，这样我们可以有更多的时间在一起。.
eg. I’d rather that I hadn’t seen her . 我情愿没有见到她.
15. 虚拟语气句型14
as if（though）+主语 + did/ had done…,
表示过去的情况用过去完成时，表示现在与将来的情况用过去时
eg. Our head teacher treats us as if we were her own children，so all the students in our class think highly of her. 班主任老师对待我们就像对待自己的孩子。班里所有学生都对她有很高的评价。
eg. Alan talked about Rome as if he had been there.
Alan 谈起罗马来就好像他去过似的。
虚拟语气练习(1)
1. If the earthquake had happened in the day-time, there _______ many more deaths.
A. were
B. would have been
C. had been
D. would be
分析：If条件句虚拟语气表示说话人的假设，而不表示客观存在的事实，其通过谓语动词的特殊形式来表示。其形式为：
主语+ 动词过去式/be用were, 主语 + would, could, might, should +do
（表现在）
if 主语+ had done,主语 + would, could, might, should + have done
（表过去）
动词过去式
主语+ were to do主语+ would, could, might, should + do
should do
（表将来）
本题所给的条件句的时间为去，所以主句也应用过去，答案为B
2. I’m glad we had a map. I’m sure we ______ if we ______ one.
A. would have got lost; hadn’t had
B. would get lost; hadn’t
C. couldn’t have got lost; had had
D. may get lost; don’t have
3. If human beings had been a bit less greedy and cruel, more birds and animals _____ dying out.
A. ought to avoid
B. could have been avoided
C. should have avoided
D. might have avoided
4. If I hadn’t stood under the ladder to catch you when you fell, you _____ now.
A. wouldn’t be smiling
B. couldn’t have smiled
C. won’t smile
D. didn’t smile
答案：1—4 BADA
5. --- Well done, Jack!
--- Thanks. But given more time, I _______ it better.
A. shouldn’t have done
B. could have done
C. might not do
D. could do
分析：有时为了表达需要，在虚拟语气中并不总是出现if引导的条件句，而通过其它手段来代替条件句。本题用but连词来表示。但应注意的是but后所跟的多是直陈语气，表事实。例：
I might have given you more help, but I was too busy.
其它有类似用法的词有：otherwise, or等。例：
I was ill that day. Otherwise, I would have taken part in the sports meet.
A man who stopped drinking water would be dead in about seven days.
Everything taken into consideration, they would have raised their output quickly.
本题中given more time = if I had been given more time,表与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，所以本题答案应为Ｂ。
6. As you know, I am a disabled man, but I would be very happy if I _______ of service to you.
A. would be
B. have been
C. should be
D. am
7. I would have come to see you earlier, but I _____ too busy.
A. had been
B. were
C. was
D. would be
9. I ______ you a valuable present for your birthday, but I was short of money at that time.
A. would have given
B. liked to give
C. liked to have given
D. would like to give.
10. --- Why didn’t you buy the gold ring?
--- I ______, but I didn’t have the money.
A. would
B. had bought
C. bought
D. would have
11. --- Could you give me a ride to the City Hall?
--- I _______. But I’m late for the meeting on the other side of the town.
A. could
B. might
C. would
D. should
12. Oh, what a pity. It ______ so easy for me to bring those photographs, I wanted to show you, but I’ve left them at the table at home.
A. would have been
B. would be
C. had been
D. was
答案：5—12 BCCBA DCA
13.The injured boy ________ the examinations but for the help of his kind classmates.
A. should have passed
B. must have failed
C. would have failed
D. might have passed
分析：should have done本应该（实际没有）做……; must have done肯定已经…….，表对过去的肯定推测；would have done 1) 表对必然发生的事情的肯定推测2）表虚拟，意思为本来会（实际没有）做……; might have done 1)表对发生事情的不太有把握的推测，意思是可能已经2）表虚拟，意思是本来可以（实际没有）……。
句中but for 意思是“要不是”，常与虚拟语气连用。代替虚拟语气的条件句。类似的可以代替条件状语从句的介词还有with, without等。例如：
What would you do with a million dollars? (= if you had a million dollars.)
We couldn’t have finished the work ahead of time without your help. (= if we hadn’t got your help)
根据句意应选C。
14. _______ the hard rain, she would have gone to the theatre last night.
A. In case
B. Because of
C. But for
D. Thanks to
答案：13—14 CC
15. ________, it would be silly to argue any longer.
A. Was that true
B. If that was true
C. Should that be true
D. Could that be true
分析：在条件句中，可省略if，把were, should, had提到句首，变为倒装句式。例：Were I at school again (If I were at school again) I would study harder.
所以本题答案为C
答案: 15. C
16. If only we ______ about the danger, we couldn’t have joined you.
A. knew
B. had known
C. would know
D. should know
17. --- Look at the terrible situation I am in! if only I _______ your advice.
--- Don’t worry. Try again.
A. follow
B. would follow
C. had followed
D. have followed
分析：这两道题考虚拟语气在if only引导的感叹句中的应用。
18. --- Are you sure he is able to do the work well?
--- _________ he would give his mind to it.
A. In case
B. If only
C. Until
D. Unless
答案：16—18 BCB
19. --- What would you wish to do if you were a college student again?
--- That’s very hard to say, but I wish I _______ when I was a college student.
A. has not studied biology
B. did study biology
C. had studied biology
D. studied biology
分析：wish后的宾语从句一般用虚拟语气，表示一种不可能实现的愿望。其结构形式为：
谓语动词用过去时，表与现在事实相反
主语+wish+(that)从句谓语动词用过去完成时，表与过去事实相反
谓语动词用多用would或could + do形式，表将来例：I wish (that) I were a bird and could fly freely in the sky.
I wish (that) I had met that film star yesterday.
I wish (that) it wouldn’t rain tomorrow.
本题中when I was a college student这个时间状语说明wish的是过去的事情，所以本题答案为C
答案：19C
20. He nodded his head and smiled, which suggested that he _____ what I said.
A. would understand
B. had understood
C. understand
D. has understood
分析：可用于表坚持、建议、要求、命令等词后的宾语从句中，其结构为：should+动词原形，should可省。如：
He suggested that we (should) start off early the next day.
注意：suggest表示“暗示、表明”之意时，不用虚拟语气，用陈述语气。如：
The smile on his face suggested that he was satisfied with our work.
在本题中suggest为“暗示”的意思，所以应排除虚拟语气的形式，根据上下文的事态应选择B。
21. Tom insisted what he said _______ true and we insisted that he ______ and have a look.
A. be; should go
B. should be; would go
C. was; go
D. was; would go
答案：20—21 BC
22. All present were for the plan that trees ______ on either side of the road.
A. had to plant
B. be planted
C. should plant
D. would be planted
分析：在suggestion, proposal, order, plan, idea, request, advice等名词后的表语从句和同位语从句中，要用虚拟语气，其结构为：should+动词原形，should可省。如：My idea is that we should think it over before accepting it.
答案：21 B
23. Bring your raincoat along in case that it _____ rain this afternoon.
A. can
B. may
C. should
D. must
分析：in case后也可跟should + do形式的虚拟语气，表万一，指现在或将来。In case 后也可跟直陈语气，如：
Take your raincoat, in case it should rain /rains.
答案: 22 C
虚拟语气练习(2)
1.If he had not lost his money, he ________ the piano last week.
A. would buy
B. had bought
C. could have bought
D. bought
2.Your advice that she _________ till next week is reasonable.
A. will wait
B. is going to wait
C. waits
D. wait
3.The professor gave orders that the test _________ before 5:30. p.m.
A. be finished
B. will finish
C. must be finished
D. should finished
4._______ I known it, I should have told him.
A. Have
B. Had
C. Having
D. If
5.I do wish I ___________ more about the subject.
A. have known
B. knew
C. know
D. will know
6.– How does your aunt act?
--- She acts as if she _______ an expert.
A. were
B. was
C. is
D. has been
7.I was ill that day, otherwise I ________ the sports meet.
A. would take part in
B. had taken part in
C. took part in
D. would have taken part in
8.But for the Party, he _________ of hunger 30 years ago.
A. would have died
B. must have died
C. would die
D. died
9.He ________ you if you _______ to see him that afternoon.
A. might tell, were going
B. told, were going
C. might have told, had gone
D. should tell, went
10.My father was strict. He requested that I _______ television on week nights.
A. mustn’t watch
B. not watch
C. couldn’t watch
D. don’t watch
11.--- Why didn’t you go to the dance last night?
--- If I ________ tired, I would have.
A. were not
B. hadn’t
C. haven’t been
D. hadn’t been
12.They would go out even if it _____ tomorrow.
A. was to rain
B. were to rain
C. would rain
D. will rain
13.We’re safer in a train than we would be if we _______ any other way.
A. travel
B. have traveled
C. had traveled
D. traveled
14.If we were to be 200 years old, we __________ everything.
A. will change
B. can change
C. could change
D. shall change
15._____ somebody call when I am out, _________ you please get him or her not leave a
message?
A. Could, would
B. Would, could
C. Would, would
D. Should, could
16.Mary’s uncle insists _____ in this hotel.
A. not staying
B. not to stay
C. that he not stay
D. staying not
17.--- I can’t tell you anything about it.
---But it is very important that you _______ me all the information.
A. give
B. shall give
C. gave
D. will be give
18.It is necessary that the question _________ at once.
A. should be settle
B. be settled
C. might be settled
D. would be settled
19.If the train leaves at half past ten, there ________ no time to lose.
A. would
B. is
C. will
D. has
20.We demanded that he _________ for such a good chance.
A. must pay
B. pay
C. paid
D. had paid
21.--- What can he do?
--- I _____ that he follow my advice.
A. suggest
B. hope
C. wish
D. believe
22.It’s a pity that he ________ such a good chance.
A. missed
B. misses
C. had missed
D. should miss
23.--- What do you think of it?
--- We think it a thing of great importance that it _____________ done at once.
A. is
B. is to
C. be
D. must be
24.---- I’m going to see the Victim’s brother.
---- I’d rather you ________.
A. didn’t
B. do not
C. don’t
D. do
25.I remember the story as though I _______.
A. just read it
B. have just read it
C. had just read it
D. were just reading it
26.It’s time we _________ our meeting.
A. must begin
B. begin
C. begun
D. began
27.I would have called on her, but I ______ her address.
A. don’t know
B. hadn’t known
C. didn’t know
D. wouldn’t know
28.It was ordered that ________ put in order.
A. the classroom to be
B. the classroom must be
C. the classroom be
D. the classroom was
29.If we had known that she had planned to go abroad today, we _________ at the airport
A. will see her off
B. have seen her off
C. would see her off
D. had seen her off
30.--- Is he feeling any better?
--- No. if he had followed the doctor’s advice, he _______ quite all right now.
A. will have been
B. would have been
C. would be
D. will be
31.If only I ______ as brave as you are.
A. being
B. was
C. be
D. were
32.It is strange that he ________ in such a voice.
A. could speak
B. should speak
C. spoke
D. speaks
33.The doctor did everything he could so that he _______ save the soldier’s life.
A. can
B. would
C. should
D. might
34.He closed the windows of the car so that he __________ catch cold.
A. couldn’t
B. shouldn’t
C. might not
参考答案：
1-5 CDABB 6-10 ADACB 11- 15 DBDCD 16-20 CABCB 21-25 ADCAC 26-30 DCCCC 31-35 DBDB
虚拟语气句型
常用虚拟语气句型 1．if条件句 条件状语从句可分为真实条件句，即条件满足，事实就发生的情况；和非真实条件句，即与事实相反或难以实现的假设情况。虚拟语气的基本句型，即是这种非真实条件状语从句。 If I had got up early, I wouldn’t have been late. If I were to do it, I should do it at once. 【说明】 ①在非正式英语中，条件从句中的第一、第三人称单数主语后可用was代替were。 If I was you, I would accept the invitation. ②主句中的would可用于各种人称，而should只用于第一人称。 ③在主句中也可用情态动词could，might代替would，should。 If I had had enough time, I might have done it better. ④条件从句中的谓语动词含有were，had，should时，可以省略从属连接词if，然后采 用倒装结构，把were，had，should移到主语前面。 Should you pass this way, do drop in for a visit.= If you should pass this way,…… Had I known it, I wouldn’t had made such a silly mistake.= If I had known it,…… Were it left to me to decide whether I should have a job immediately or go on to study at college, I wouldn’t hesitate a moment to choose the latter.= If it were left to me to decide…….. ⑤在同一个句子中不能一部分表示真实条件，另一部分表示非真实条件。 [误]If my grandfather comes tomorrow, I should stay home. [正]If my grandfather comes tomorrow, I shall stay home. [正]If my grandfather were to come tomorrow, I should stay home. ⑥有时，条件和结果发生的时间不一致，动词形式便要作适当调整，变成错综时间条件句。 If you had taken the medicine, you would be well now. If he were honest, he would had told us the truth. If it hadn’t rained so much, we would have a good harvest in autumn. 2．介词或介词短语without/ thanks to/ but for +名词结构代替if条件句表示的虚拟语 Thanks to the man’s timely rescue, the child would have been drowned. Without the sun and water, nothing would live.
虚拟语气常见句型
1.对过去的虚拟If sb. had done sth, sb. would have done sth 2.对现在的虚拟If sb. did sth, sb. would do sth 3.对将来的虚拟If sb. did sth, sb. would do sth If sb. were to do
sth, sb. would do sth If sb. should do sth, sb. would do sth 4.错综虚拟条件句(if+过去完成时, sb. would do sth) If the doctor had come sooner last
night, Tom would be alive today. If you had studied hard at that time, you would be a key university student now. 5.虚拟条件句,从句可以省略if,
但谓语动词要部分倒装. 6.含蓄虚拟条件句标志性词汇: without (如果没有), but for (要不是), otherwise/or (否则) ***if条件句可以与without/but
for互相转换，意思相同。 7.表示建议\要求\命令等动词以及相应的名词引导的名词性从句,通常跟should结构. Insist/suggest/ad vise/command/or der/urge/recomm
end/require/requ est/propose that sb. should do sth ***insist做“认为”讲时,相当于think, 不用should结构. Suggest 做“暗示,表明”讲时,相当于imply, 不用should结构.
15个句子虚拟语气
虚拟语气 1. Where are the children? The dinne' going to be completely ruined. —I wish ____________________(be) —孩子们在哪里？晚饭都快糟蹋了。 —但愿他们别老是迟到。 2. Maybe if I ____________ scien ce, and no t literature the n, I would be able to give you more help.(study) 或许要是那时我学的是理科而不是文学，我就能给你更大的帮助 3. If we ____________________ , we might have arrived here in time for the meeti ng.(take) 如果我们走另外一条路，我们就可能及时赶到这儿参加会议。 4. Had I know about this computer program, a huge amount of time and en ergy would have bee n saved.(would) 如果我知道这个电脑程序的话，就会节省大量的时间和精力了。 5. He in sisted that he __________________ and that he should not be puni shed.(do) 他坚持说他没有做错，—V惩罚。 6. On Aids Days, the minister of Health Department demanded that the problems referred to _____________________.(atte ntio n) 在艾滋病日，卫生部部长要求所涉及的问题给予特别关注。 7. ____________________ me, Mary would not have hurt herself.(listen) 如果玛丽早听我的话，她就不会伤者自己了。 8. they urged that the library _______________ d uring the vacation .(keep) 他们极力主张假期期间图书/ 9. ___________________ , you would have the welfare and more ben efits like other members.(should) 万一你被录取了，你会像其他成员一样拥有福利和更多的利益。 10. The order came ______________________ t hesmall village the next morning. (leave) 命令传来，士兵们第二天早上离开那个小村子。 11. What a pity! If I had caught that flight, I __________________ thePacific Ocean no w.(would) 真遗憾！如果我赶上了那趟航班，我现在正在太平洋上空飞行呢。 12. Did Jack take the doctor' advice that he _________________ for a couple of days?(lie) 杰克是否接纳了医生的建议，在家里躺了几天？ 13. How I wish ________________________ but there was a traffic jam.(be) 我多么希望准时到这儿啊，但我遇上了交通堵塞。 14. The man ager in sisted that ___________________________ the compa nies who had done something that hurt our feelings.(break) 经理坚持要求我们与那些伤害了我们感情的公司决裂。 15. if my mother had ____________________________ o ntime, I would not have missed the school bus.(wake)
虚拟语气必备句子
I Real conditional: 句式为（if + 从句，+主句） 1. 主现从现（rule）If the moon goes near the earth, the tide goes high. 2. 主将从现If it stops raining later this afternoon, we will eat out. 3. 主祈从现。If you are not likely to be in town, please let me know. II Unreal conditional-----背完这些句子你就无敌了~ 1.A (2)If I had not cut down my hair,I would have looked more beautiful. (3)If I should/were to have Taylor Swift’s voice, I would sing from morning to night. B.If 省略的倒装： (1)句1=Were I a teardrop in my eye, For fear of losing you, I would never cry. (2)句3= Should I have Taylor Swift’s voice, I would sing from morning to night. 或者Were I to have If I should/were to/had Taylor Swift’s voice, I would sing from morning t o night. (2)--- The weather has been hot and dry. --- Yes.If it had rained even a drop ,things would be much better now! 2含蓄条件句（without,or, otherwise,but for） （1）Without you? I’d be a soul without a purpose. Without you? I would be an emotion without a heart. I’m a face without expression, a heart with no beat. Without you by my side, I’m just a flame without the heat. 没有你？我将是一个没有目的的灵魂； 没有你？我的情感将没有了根基； 我将是一张没有表情的脸，一颗停止跳动的心； 没有你在我身边，我只是一束没有热量的火焰。 （2）With more money, I could help more people in need. （3）But for the help from the UN, those women would not have been able to set up their shop. (4) I was ill that day, otherwise I would have taken part in the sports meet
虚拟语气句式
虚拟语气 一．条件句中的虚拟语气 If it weren’t for their support, we would be in a very difficult position.（与现在事实相反） I would certainly go if I had the time. (与现在事实相反) If I had left a little earlier, I would have caught the train.（与过去事实相反）If I were to (should) do it, I would do it in a different way.（与将来事实相反） 另外，如果条件从句中包含有一个助动词、情态动词、动词be或have，有时可把if省略，但这时句子要倒装。 Had we made (If we had made) adequate preparations, we might have succeeded. Should there be a flood, what should we do?
Were it not for their assistance, we couldn’t have got over the difficulties. 二．名词性从句中的虚拟语气 1.wish后的宾语从句：宾语从句的引导词that常常省略 1）对现在情况的虚拟（与现在的事实相反，表示对目前状况的一种愿望），从句用过去时或过去进行时（时间上是同时的）。其句子结构为：宾语从句的谓语be用were，实义动词用过去时。例： I wish I knew the answer to the question.我希望知道这个答案。（事实上是 不知道的） I wish it were spring in my hometown all the year around.但愿我的家乡四 季如春。（事实上不可能） 2）对过去情况的虚拟（和过去的事实相反，表示对过去的事情表示遗憾或后悔）。从句的谓语用过去完成时，或would / could / should +现在完成时。例： I wish that I could have attended the concert last night. (若wish并非过去形 式，则看时间状语) We wished he had spoken to us. (事实上他并没同我们讲) 3）对将来情况的虚拟（表示对将要发生的事情的祝愿或愿望）。从句谓语用“would / should / could / might +动词原形” I wish it would stop raining. (事实上雨还在下着呢) I wish you would be quiet. (事实上那家伙还在吵着呢) 2.在表示建议、命令、要求、忠告等动词后面的宾语从句中的虚拟语气 此类动词后面的宾语从句用“should + 动词原形”，但事实上should常
虚拟语气用法总结及详细解析
英语中的语气分为陈述语气、祈使语气、虚拟语气、疑问语气和感叹语气五类。 1、表示动作或状态是客观存在的、确定的或符合事实的，用于陈述句、疑问句和某些感叹句中。 China is an Asian country. (肯定句) How interesting my stay in China has been! (感叹句) 3、虚拟语气表示说话者做出的假设而非事实，或难以实现的情况，甚至表达彻底相反的概念。此外，如需表达主观愿望或某种强烈的感情时，也可用虚拟语气。虚拟语气是由句中的谓语动词的特殊形式表示出来的。如: If I were a bird，I would be able to fly in the air. 如果我是一只小鸟，我就能在空中飞行。 I wish I could pass the examination. 我希望我能通过考试。
①从句的动作与过去事实相反，而主句的动作与现在或现在正在发生的事实不符。 If I had worked hard at school, I would be an engineer, too.如果我在学校学习刻苦的话，我现在也会成为一个工程师了 If they had informed us, we would not come here now. 如果他们通知过我们的话，我们现在就不会来这里了。 ②从句的动作与现在事实相反，而主句的动作与过去事实不符。 If he were free today, we would have sent him to Beijing. 如果他今天有空的话，我们会已经派他去北京了。 If he knew her, he would have greeted her. 要是他认识她的话，他肯定会去问候她了。 5、当虚拟条件句的谓语动词含有were, should, had时，if可以省略，这时条件从句要用倒装语序，即把were, should, had等词置于句首，这种多用于书面语。 Should he agree to go there, we would send him there.要是他答应去的话，我们就派他去。 Were she here, she would agree with us.如果她在这儿的话，她会同意我们的。 Had he learnt about computers, we would have hired him to work here. 如果他懂一些电脑知识的话，我们已经聘用他来这里工作了。 【注意】 若条件从句为否定句，否定词not应置于主语之后，而不能与were，should，had 等缩略成Weren't，Shouldn't，Hadn't而置于句首。 Had it not been for the bad weather we would have arrived on time. 若不是天气坏，我们就准时到达了。 ②有时省略if后提前的had不是助动词: Had I time，I would come. 假若我有时间，我会来的。(=If I had time…) 6、非真实条件句中的条件从句有时不表达出来，暗含在副词、介词短语、上下文或其他方式表示出来，这种句子叫做含蓄条件句。 ①将条件会暗含在介词短语中，如without…, but for…,otherwise（要不是因为）等 But for his help, we would be working now. (要不是他的帮助，我们还会在工作呢。 Without your instruction, I would not have made such great progress. We didn't know his telephone number, otherwise we would have telephoned him. ②将条件隐含在不定式短语中 I should be happy to go with you. 如果能与你一起去，我将很高兴。(=I should be happy if I could go with you.) To have studied harder, you would have passed the examination. 你学习更用功些，你早就考及格了。 (=If you have studied harder, you…)
(完整版)英语虚拟语气语法归纳总结
虚拟语气: 表示说的话不是事实，不可能发生或者说可能性很小的情况，表达一种愿望、建议、假设。 if were/did, would do if had done, would have done if were to do/should do, would do 举例： If I were you, I would do nothing about it. If you had taken your teacher’s advice, you wouldn’t have made such a mistake. If it were to/ should rain tomorrow(表示降水率很低)，they wouldn’t go shopping. 附注： 虚拟语气，条件状从倒装 状语从句中，去掉if,提前were/ had/ should 如：If I were you, I would give up. →Were I you, I would give up If you had taken the advice, you would have…. →Had you taken the advice, you would have… If the world should come to an end,…… →Should the world come to an end…… 另外，without, but for, otherwise构成的条件状语从句中，也有含蓄的虚拟语气But for the popularization of electricity, we would lead a whole different life today. (popularization 普及，publicity 宣传) Without your help, I would have failed. We’ll go earlier, otherwise we wouldn’t get a seat. （表示可能性小） 但其实，高中英语考试也常考：
虚拟语气常见句型
1.对过去的虚拟If sb、had done sth, sb、would have done sth 2.对现在的虚拟If sb、did sth, sb、would do sth 3.对将来的虚拟If sb、did sth, sb、would do sth If sb、were to do
sth, sb、would do sth If sb、should do sth, sb、would do sth 4.错综虚拟条件句(if+过去完成时, sb、would do sth) If the doctor had come sooner last
night, Tom would be alive today、 If you had studied hard at that time, you would be a key university student now、5.虚拟条件句,从句可以省略if,
但谓语动词要部分倒装、6.含蓄虚拟条件句标志性词汇: without (如果没有), but for (要不就是), otherwise/or (否则) ***if条件句可以与without/but
for互相转换,意思相同。 7.表示建议\要求\命令等动词以及相应的名词引导的名词性从句,通常跟should结构、Insist/suggest/ad vise/command/or der/urge/recomm
end/require/requ est/propose that sb、should do sth ***insist做“认为”讲时,相当于think, 不用should结构、Suggest 做“暗示,表明”讲时,相当于imply, 不用
个人分类整理清晰的英语虚拟语气用法
目录 1.目录 (1) 2.虚拟语气的讲解，真实条件句与虚拟条件句 (2) 3.But for 若非，要不是虚拟语气……………………………………………………….. 3-4 4.wish的虚拟用法…………………………………………………………………………………. 5-7 5.if only 的虚拟语气 (8) 6.Would rather 后宾语从句的虚拟语气………………………………………………….9-10 7.suggest, demand, insist, ask 这类意志动词后接的宾语从句的虚拟 (11) 8.在主语从句，表语从句，同位语从句中的虚拟语气 (12) 13. 在定语从句中的虚拟语气 (13) 14. 在状语从句中的虚拟…………………………………………………………………………….13-15 15. 其他不常见的虚拟…………………………………………………………………………………16-18
虚拟语气 【不可能发生的假设】，【与事实相违背的假设】【白日做梦】=虚拟条件句=虚拟语气 真实条件句与虚拟条件句的区分： 这里注意与真实条件句区分开来，真实条件句就是很有可能发生的，对于那些很难发生的，或者几乎无可能的，大部分都是虚拟语气。 如果我是一只小鸟与事实相违背根本不可能用虚拟语气if I were a bird. 如果我是你与事实相违背根本不可能用虚拟语气if I were you 如果我可以回到过去与事实相违背根本不可能用虚拟语气if I could go back to the past 如果明天生出来的是男孩很有可能是是真实条件句if it is a boy born tomorrow 如果一会儿堵车很有可能发生真实条件句if there’s a traffic jam after a while 如果我是世界首富显然很难发生虚拟语气if I were the richest man in the world 如果明天我的彩票中了一亿显然也很难多低的概率虽然有可能但是概率很低很难，有点做白日梦的感觉if tomorrow my lottery ticket were to win 100 million yuan （对一个病人说）如果你没有生病对一个病人这么说，明显的与事实不符,if you were not sick 真实条件句和虚拟条件句，下边开始了解虚拟语气从最常见的用法去说，熟 反而太多容易混淆。
高中英语语法-虚拟语气全总结
虚拟语气用法总结大全 一．虚拟语气在非真实条件句中 二．虚拟语气在名词从句中 1.在由suggest, demand, require, request, insist, order, command, propose等表示建议、请求、命令、愿望等动词或其同根词引出的名词从句中，名词从句虚拟句的谓语变化的形式只有一条规律——名词从句虚拟句无论其主句的谓语动词时何种形式，从句的谓语形式均为should+动词原形，其中should可以省
三．虚拟语气的其他用法 省
一．虚拟语气在非真实条件句中 1. — If the traffic hadn't been so heavy, I could have been back by 6 o'clock. —What a pity! Tina ______ here to see you. (2005 湖南) A. is B. was C. would be D. has been 2. It is hard for me to imagine what I would be doing today if I ______ in love, at the age of seven, with the Melinda Cox Library in my hometown. (2002 上海) A. wouldn't have fallen B. had not fallen C. should fall D. were to fall 3. He hesitated（犹豫）for a moment before kicking the ball, otherwise he ______ a goal. (2001 上海春) A. had scored B. scored C. would score D. would have scored 4. You didn't let me drive. If we _____in turn, you_____ so tired. (NMET96) A. drove; didn't get B. drove; wouldn't get C. were driving; wouldn't get D. had driven; wouldn't have got 5. I didn't see your sister at the meeting. If she ______, she would have met my brother. (1994全国) A. has come B. did come C. came D. had come 6. -----If he__________, he __________that food. ------Luckily he was sent to the hospital immediately. (MET93) A. was warned; would not take B. had been warned; would not have taken C. would be warned; would not have taken D. would have been warned; had not taken 7. If it_____ for the snow, we_____ the mountain yesterday. (MET91) A. were not; could have climbed B. were not; could climb C. had not been; could have climbed D. had not been; could climb 8. Without electricity human life____ quite different today. (MET91) A. is B. will be C. would have been D. would be 11. --- Pity you missed the lecture on nuclear pollution. --- I it, but I was busy preparing for a job interview. (福建34’) A. attended B. had attended C. would attend D. would have attended 12. I _______ through that bitter period without your generous help. ( 陕西22’) A. couldn’t have gone B. didn’t go C. wouldn’t go D. hadn’t gone 13. I ______ sooner but I didn’t know that they we re waiting for me. (天津15’) A. had come B. was coming C. would come D. would have come 14. I would have gone to visit him in the hospital had it been at all possible, but I fully occupied the whole of last week. A. were B. had been C. have been D. was 16. Had I known about this computer program, a huge amount time and energy .（2010浙江）
虚拟语气特殊句型
虚拟语气特殊句型 注意: 在主语＋would (had) rather ＋that 宾语从句中，从句谓语一般用过去式表示虚拟形式。例如: （1）我真希望你告诉我真相。 I’d rather you told me the truth. （2）我宁愿不再见到你。 I’d rather I didn’t see you again. （3）我倒希望他们和我一起去。 I would rather they went with me. 注意：如果表示的事情可能会发生，那么状语从句中的谓语动词可用陈述语气。It looks as if you are tired. 3. without和but for 构成虚拟。but for要不是 Without sunlight, people’s life would be different from today. But for your help, I wouldn’t have finished the work.
Without your help, I would have failed. But for water, it would be impossible to live in the desert. 4. If only (1) 要是……就好了= I wish ①If only our parents could live with us! 要是我们的父母能和我们住在一起就好了。 ②If only I hadn’t missed the train! 要是我没错过火车就好了！ (2) = as long as 常用陈述语气. We can surely overcome these difficulties if only we are closely united.如果我们紧密团结就一定能战胜一切困难。 5.It’s necessary /strange/ natural/ important + that-Clause 从句中的动词要用虚拟，即（should）+动词原形 如： It is important that we ( should ) master a foreign language. It is strange that she refuse to come to the party. It’s necessary that we should study hard. 6. otherwise 和supposing也可以引导虚拟语气。例如： （1）The storm stopped, otherwise the sailors would have fallen into the sea. （2）I’m getting cold, otherwise I would keep her. （3）Suppose (Supposing) your friends knew how you are behaving here, what would they think? 7. so that 与in order that 二者引导的目的状语从句谓语部分应该用may/might/can /could, etc.+动词原形
常用的虚拟语气句式
常用的虚拟语气句式 1．It is time （that）… 句型 It is （high） time that + S + V（虚拟语气）… 例：It is high tome that you children went to bed. （你们小孩子们应该是早已上床在睡的时候了。） 注意：在说话时按正常作息时间小孩子们应已在床睡觉，可是事实上这些小孩在说话时还没睡，这正与事实相反，所以“that…”的动词应使用表达与现在事实相反的虚拟语气过去时。又句式中的“high”是用于加强语气。 2、“wish（that）从句…” 句型 S + wish +（that） + S + V（虚拟语气动词）… 例：I wish （that） I were a frog.（但愿我是一只青蛙。） 例：I wish （that） I could swim like a frog.（但愿我能游得像一只青蛙。） 注意如例所示，“wish”的宾语“that…”的动词要使用虚拟语气的动词形式来表达，其一致的规则如下： 1、S + wish … S + did (与现在事实相反)． 2．S + wish … S + had + p．p．（与过去事实相反）… 3．S + wished … S + had + p．p．（与更以前的事实相反） 例：I wish I were as tall as that big tree.（但愿我如那棵大树一样地高。） 例：I wish I had told her the truth yesterday. （我真希望我昨天向她说了真话。--事实是没有说，而我现在觉得很后悔。） 例：At that time I wished I were a doctor. （当时我真希望我是一个医师。--事实是我并不是医师。） 例：He wished he had learned Chinese before he came to China. （他希望他来中国之前先学了中文就好了。--事实是他来中国之
(完整版)虚拟语气常见句型
一、wish从句中的虚拟语气 wish +从句表示一种愿望或希望.是要。.。就好了! 1. 从句动词用“过去式" ，表示从句动作与wish同时存在或发生。例如: I wish I knew as much as you do。要是我知道的和你一样多就好了。 I wish I were a PLA man .我希望我是一名中国人民解放军。 2. 从句动词用“had+过去分词，表示从句动作在wish之前存在或发生。例如： I wish I had been at the club yesterday. 要是我昨天在俱乐部就好了. 3. 从句动词用“would/could+动词原形”，表示从句动作在wish之后存在或发生。例如: I wish it would stop raining tomorrow. 我希望明天雨能停。 二、as if 从句中的虚拟语气 “as if/as though +从句”，表示方式。从句中动词的用法与wish从句中的动词类似.例如： 1. She looks as if she were ten years younger. 她看起来好像年轻了十岁。(从句动作与主句同时存在或发生） 2. The village looks as though it had been deserted for years。这个村子看起来好像很多年没人住了。（从句动作在主句之前存在或发生） 3. They talked and talked as if they would never meet again。他们意犹未尽地谈着，好像将来再也不见面一样。(从句动作在主句之后存在或发生） He looks as if he were ill .他看起来好象是生病了。 (2）Tom looks as if nothing had happened to him .汤姆看起来啥事都没有发生似的。 注意:从句表示的内容若为事实或可能为事实,也可用陈述语气。 三、It’s time +(that)… 句型中的虚拟语气 在It is (high） time (that）…句型中，从句的动词用过去式（be用were)或should do, should不可省，表示“某人该做某事了" 。例如： It is time that the students went to bed. 现在是学生们睡觉的时候了。 Now it is about time you should take the place of me。现在你该接我的班啦。 四、would rather从句中的虚拟语气 1. would rather sb+动词过去式, 表现在或将来的愿望.例如: To be frank, I’d rather you were not here now. 坦率地说, 我宁愿你现在不在这里。 2. would rather sb+ had+过去分词, 表过去的愿望。例如： I’d rather I hadn’t remember ed leaving something in the toilet and gone back to find it， or I w ouldn’t have got lost. 我宁愿当时没想起把东西落在洗手间并返回去找，否则我就不会迷路. 五、“（should） do 型"虚拟语气 在表示建议、要求、命令等的名词性从句中，谓语动词用“（should）＋动词原形”。常见动词有：一个坚持(i nsist）, 两个命令（order, command），三个建议（suggest， advise, recommend），四个要求（ask, dem and， request， require)。例如： I suggested that he （should) go there at once. (宾语从句） = I made a suggestion that he (should) go there at once。（同位语从句) = My suggestion was that he (should) go there at once. （表语从句） = It is suggested that he (should） go there at once. （主语从句) 注意:suggest与insist后宾语从句中的虚拟语气与陈述语气的区别. 1. Her face suggested (暗示/表明） that she was ill. So I suggested (建议) that she （should) be s ent to hospital immediately。
虚拟语气讲义(15个句式)
虚拟语气讲义 1．虚拟语气句型1 If + were/ did/ (动词的过去式), 主语+would/ might/ should / could + do 。 (表示对现在的假设) eg. If I were you, I would not be so proud . 如果我是你,我不会如此自负. eg. I don’t have a cellphone. If I had one , it would be convenient for me to get in touch with others 我没有手机，如果我有手机的话，和别人联系就方便的多了。 eg. If I were in your position, I would think better of it . 如果我处在你现在的境地，我会重新考虑然后放弃。 2. 虚拟语气句型2 If + had done, 主语+would/ might/ should / could + have done 表示对过去或已经发生事情的虚拟假设。 eg. What a pity it is that you didn’t attended the concert yesterday! If you had attended the concert, you would have seen the famous singer. 真遗憾你昨天没有去听音乐会。如果你去了，你就会见到那位名歌手。 eg. Anyone in his position would have done the same = If anyone had been in his position, he would have done the same.3. 虚拟语气句型3 If + were/ did(动词过去式)/should/ were to do , 主语+would/ might/ should / could + do (表示对将来的假设). eg. If he should refuse (= if he were to refuse = if he refused ), it wouldn’t matter 万一他拒绝了. 那也没有什么关系. eg. If you shouldn’t pass the college entrance e*amination, what would you do" 万一你高考不中，你该怎么办？ 4. 虚拟语气条件句的倒装 在虚拟条件句中，如果出现有were, had, should，可省去if，可将主语与这些词倒装，构成虚拟倒装句。 eg. Should he act like that again, he would be fined. 如果他还这样做，就要受罚。 eg. Had the doctor e in time ast night, the boy would have been saved. eg.Were I to go to the moon one day, I would see it with my own eyes. eg. Had I enough money (= if I had enough money, I would buy a large house. 5. 虚拟语气句型4 if only 引起的感叹句, 相当于"How I wish＋宾语从句” 意为 "但愿…，要是…就好了”。 eg. If only he could e! 他要能来就好了。 eg. If only we students didn’t have so much homework.! 要是没有这么多作业该多好！ eg. If only I hadn’t been so careless in the e*am ! 我当时没有则粗心就好了！6．虚拟语气句型5 What if …" 要是…怎么办？（可以用于虚拟，也可以表示真实情况）