大学英语综合教程1词汇表

大学英语综合教程1词汇表

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New Words and Expressions

off and on

from time to time; sometimes 断断续续地；有时possibility

n. 可能（性）

take hold

become established 生根，确立

bore

vt. make (sb.) become tired and lose interest 使（人）厌烦associate

vt. join or connect together; bring in the mind 使联系起来；使联想

assignment

n. a piece of work that is given to a particular person（分配的）工作，任务，作业

turn out

produce 编写；生产，制造

agony▲

n. very great pain or suffering of mind or body （身心的）极度痛苦

assign

vt. give as a share or duty 分配，分派

anticipate

vt. expect 预期，期望

tedious

a. boring and lasting for a long time 乏味的；冗长的reputation

n. 名声；名誉

inability

n. lack of power, skill or ability 无能，无力

inspire

vt. fill (sb.) with confidence, eagerness, etc. 激励，鼓舞formal

a. (too) serious and careful in manner and behavior; based on correct or accepted rules 刻板的，拘谨的；正式的，正规的

rigid

a. (often disapproving) fixed in behavior, views or methods; strict 一成不变的；严格的

hopelessly

ad. very much; without hope 十分，极度；绝望地excessively

ad. 过分地

out of date

old-fashioned 过时的

prim

a. (usu. disapproving) (of a person) too formal or correct in

behavior and showing a dislike of anything rude; neat 古板的，拘谨的；循规蹈矩的；整洁的

primly ad.

severe

a. completely plain; causing very great pain, difficulty, worry,

etc. 朴素的；严重的，剧烈的

necktie

n. tie 领带

jaw

n. 颌，颚

comic▲

a. 滑稽的；喜剧的

n. 连环漫画（册）

antique

n. 古物，古玩

tackle

vt. try to deal with 处理，应付

essay

n. 散文，小品文；论说文

distribute

vt. divide and give out among people, places, etc. 分发，分配，分送

finally

ad. at last 最终，终于

face up to

be brave enough to accept or deal with 勇敢地接受或对付scan

v. look through quickly 浏览，粗略地看

spaghetti

n. 意大利式细面条

title

n. a name given to a book, film, etc. 标题，题目

vt. give a name to 给…加标题，加题目于

extraordinary

a. very unusual or strange 不同寻常的；奇特的

sequence

n. 一连串相关的事物；次序，顺序

image

n. a picture formed in the mind 形象；印象；（图）像

adult

n. a fully grown person or animal 成年人；成年动物

humor

n. 心情；幽默，诙谐

recall

vt. bring back to the mind; remember 回想起，回忆起

argument

n. 论据，论点；争论

1

respectable

a. (of behavior, appearance, etc.) socially acceptable 可敬的；体面的；文雅的

put down

write down 写下

recapture

vt. (lit) bring back into the mind; experience again 再现；再次经历

relive

vt. experience again, esp. in one's imagination 再体验，重温violate

vt. act against 违背，违反

compose

vt. write or create (music, poetry, etc.) 创作

turn in

hand in (work that one has done) 交（作业）

command

n.,v.命令，指令

discipline

n. punishment; order kept (among school-children, soldiers, etc.) 惩罚，处分；纪律

what's more

in addition, more importantly 而且，此外；更有甚者contempt▲

n. 轻视，轻蔑

ridicule

n. making or being made fun of 嘲笑，嘲弄；被戏弄

open-hearted

a. sincere, frank 诚挚的

hold back

prevent the expression of (feelings, tears, etc.) 控制（感情、眼泪等）

avoid

vt. keep or get away from 避免

demonstration

n. act of showing or proving sth. 表明；证明

career

n. 生涯，事业；职业

seal

n. 印，图章

essence▲

n. the most important quality of a thing 本质；精髓congratulation

n. (usu. pl) expression of joy for sb.'s success, luck, etc. 祝贺，恭喜

Proper Names

Russell Baker

拉赛尔·贝克

Belleville

贝尔维尔（美国地名）

Fleagle

弗利格尔（姓氏）

Allen

艾伦（男子名）

Charlie

查理（男子名）

Doris

多丽丝（女子名）

Hal

哈尔（男子名，Henry, Harold的昵称）

Pat

帕特（女子名，Patricia的昵称）

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New Words and Expressions

cabbie

n. (infml) a taxi driver

be lost in/lose oneself in

be absorbed in, be fully occupied with 专心致志于

windshield

n. (AmE) the glass window in the front of a car, truck, etc.

（汽车的）挡风玻璃

cab

n. a taxi 出租车

available

a. able to be used, had or reached 可用的；可得到的

apologetically

ad. showing or saying that one is sorry for some fault or wrong 道歉地，带着歉意地

or something

(infml)(used when you are not very sure about what you have just said) 诸如此类的事

go ahead

continue; begin

know/learn by heart

memorize, remember exactly 记住，能背出

estimate

vt. form a judgement about 估计

might/may(just) as well

不妨，（也）无妨

not much of a

not a good 不太好的

keep up

continue without stopping 保持

correspondence

n. the act of writing, receiving or sending letters; letters 通信（联系）；信件

practically

2

ad. almost

kid

n. (infml) a child

all the way

自始至终，一直

neighborhood

n. 街坊；四邻

kind/sort of

(infml) a little bit, in some way or degree 有几分，有点儿lose touch

失去联系

a couple of

几个；一对，一双

guy

n. 家伙；伙计

tough

a. (infml) unfortunate; difficult; strong 不幸的；困难的；坚固的；坚强的

on one's mind

挂记在心头

keep in touch (with)

（与…）保持联系，保持接触

come up

happen, occur, esp. unexpectedly （尤指意想不到地）发生，出现

shrug

v. lift (the shoulders) slightly 耸（肩）

urge

v. try very hard to persuade 力劝，催促

postpone

vt. delay 推迟，使延期

reference

n. 提及，谈到；参考，查阅

absolutely

ad. completely 完全地，极其

absolute a.

reunion▲

n. （家人、朋友、同事等久别后的）重聚

go by

(of time) pass （时间）逝去

hang out

(infml) stay in or near a place, not doing very much 闲荡；徘徊

every now and then

sometimes, at times

mostly

ad. almost all; generally 几乎全部；多半，大体

awful

a. (infml) (used to add force) very great; very bad or

unpleasant 非常的，极大的；可怕的，糟糕的

choke

v. （使）窒息，堵塞

choke up

become too upset to speak （因激动等）哽得说不出话；堵塞

destination

n. 目的地

skip▲

v. 略过，跳过；跳跃

sorrowful

a. showing or causing sadness 伤心的，悲伤的

sorrow n.

in the distance

far away

unpack

v. take out (things) from (a suitcase, etc.) 打开

right away

at once

Proper Names

Foster Furcolo

福斯特·弗克洛

Ed

埃德（男子名）

Tim Shea

蒂姆·谢

Parker

帕克（姓氏或男子名）

Culver

卡尔弗（姓氏）

Tom

汤姆（男子名）

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attitude

n. 看法；态度

likely

a. probable 可能的

ad. probably 可能

privileged

a. having a special advantage 有特权的

privilege

n. 特权

minority

n. 少数

do without

没有…而设法对付过去

highly

ad. very 很，非常

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risky

a. full of danger; full of the possibility of failure, loss, etc. 危险的；有风险的

nasty

a. very unpleasant 令人难受的

brutish

a. 野兽般的，野蛮的

anyway

ad. (used to change the subject of a conversation or to support an idea or argument) anyhow 不管怎么说

put/turn the clock back

倒退，开倒车

cut off

stop providing (sth.); remove (sth.) by cutting 切断，中断；切下，剪下

competition

n. 竞争；比赛

bring about

make (sth.) happen 引起，导致

technology

n. 技术

moreover

ad. 而且，再者

inquiring

a. showing an interest in knowing about things 好问的，爱探索的

inquire

v. 询问

global

a. worldwide, of the whole earth 世界的，全球的suppress▲

vt. keep from appearing 抑制；压制

initiative

n. 首创精神；主动

inventiveness

n. 发明才能，创造力

slow down

make slower 减慢

rate

n. 速度；比率

ensure

vt. make sure 保证，确保

democratic

a. 民主的

informed

a. 有知识的，了解情况的；明智的

inform

vt. 告诉，通知

expert

n. 专家

at the moment

now 此刻，目前

in two minds

犹豫不决；三心二意

steady

a. constant; firm 平稳的；稳定的

evident

a. clear, obvious 明显的

cartoon

n. 漫画；动画片

element

n. 成分；元素

astronomy▲

n. 天文学

audience

n. 观众；听众；读者

series

n. 连续；系列；系列节目

fiction

n. 小说；虚构

harness

vt. control and make use of 驾驭；利用

background

n. 背景

acid

a., n. 酸（性的）；酸味的（物质）

greenhouse

n. 温室

nuclear

a. 原子核的；核心的

weapon

n. 武器

genetic▲

a. 基因的；遗传（学）的

engineering

n. 工程；工程学

basis

n. 基础

lie in

exist or be found in 在于

rote

n. 死记硬背

learn by rote

死记硬背地学习

relevance

n. 相关，关联

in terms of

从…方面（或角度）来说；按照，根据

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equation

n. 等式，方程（式）

brief

a. short; quick 简洁的；短暂的

accurate

a. exact 准确的，精确的

mathematical

a. 数学的

halve

vt. 将…减半

tend

vi. be likely to happen or have a particular characteristic or effect 倾向，趋向

in the form of

having the shape of; existing in a particular form 呈…的形状；以…形式

precise

a. exact 精确的

qualitative

a. 定性的；性质上的

grasp

n. understanding 掌握，了解

concept

n. 概念

sufficient

a. as much as is needed, enough 充分的，足够的

convey

vt. make (ideas, feelings, etc.) known to another 传达；表达diagram

n. 图表；图解

framework

n. 框架；结构

molecular

a. 分子的

biology

n. 生物学

transistor

n. 晶体管；晶体管收音机

put across

cause to be understood 解释清楚，使被理解

proportion

n. 比例；部分

truly

ad. 真正地；确实地

magic

n. 魔术；魔力

fit into

be part of a situation, system, etc.；be part of a group of people or things 适合；符合；属于

responsibility

n. 责任

educate

vt. teach or train 教育

entertain

vt. give pleasure to; have as a guest 给…以欢乐；招待

hence

ad. as a result, therefore; from this time 因此；从此

contact

vt. get in touch with 与…接触

alien▲

a. foreign; strange 外国的；陌生的

civilization

n. 文明

Proper Names

Stephen Hawking

斯蒂芬·霍金

Einstein

爱因斯坦（1879—1955,美籍德国理论物理学家）

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driveway

n. 宅旁私家车道

mow

v. 修剪（草坪），刈（草）

comprehend

vt. understand fully

lawn

n. 草地，草坪

turn away

refuse to help (sb.) or to allow (sb.) to enter a place 拒绝帮助；不让…进入

weed

v. 除去…的杂草；除草

n. 杂草，野草

assume

vt. suppose 假设；以为

compliment▲

vt. praise 赞扬

n. 赞美的言辞或行为

work out

plan; solve; calculate 制定出；解决；算出

weekly

a. happening once a week or every week 每周的；一周一次

的

clean up

make clean and tidy 打扫，清除

helpful

a. giving help; useful 有帮助的；有用的

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do with

(used in questions with what) 对待，处理

determination

n. 决心，决定

personnel

n. 人事部门；全体人员，全体职员

apprentice

n. 学徒

capacity

n. the ability to understand or do sth. 能力，才能micrometer

n. 测微计，千分尺

precision

n. the quality of being exact 精密；精确（性）

turn down

refuse 拒绝

graduate

v. （使）毕业

n. （尤指大学）毕业生

skilled

a. having skill; needing skill 熟练的，有技巧的；技术性的grinder

n. 磨工

grind (ground)

vt. 磨，磨碎，碾碎

instrument

n. 工具，器械，仪器

for sale

intended to be sold 待售

wreck

n. 残破物；（尤指失事船只、飞机等的）残骸

call on

visit (sb.) for a short time 拜访

banker

n. 银行家；银行高级职员

loan

vt. lend (sth.) 借，贷

n. 贷款；借，贷

character

n. （人的）品德；品质；性格

damn

a.，n. (infml) (usu. used in negatives) of even the smallest amount 丝毫

reluctantly

ad. 勉强地

reluctant a.

mortgage▲

n. 抵押借款，按揭

discard

vt. (fml)throw away 抛弃

odds and ends

零星杂物，琐碎物品

screen

n. 纱门，纱窗；屏；荧屏

hardware

n. 五金器具；（计算机的）硬件

spot

n. a particular place；a small dirty mark 地点；斑点

confidence

n. 信心

amaze

vt. surprise (sb.) very much 使惊愕，使诧异

amazement

n. 惊愕，诧异

pepper

n. 辣椒；胡椒粉

Italian

a. 意大利的

diet

n. food and drink usually taken by a person or group 日常饮食

send for

ask for the arrival of 派人去叫，召唤；派人去取

hunt

v. 寻找；打猎

abandon

vt. give up completely or forever 抛弃，放弃

property

n. land, buildings or both together; sth. which is owned （房）地产；财产

shed

n. 小屋，棚

vt. 使脱落；使流出，散发出

sometime

ad. 某个时候

sponsor

vt. 为…做保证人；主办，发起

n. 保证人；主办者，发起人

amuse

vt. cause to laugh or smile; cause to spend time in a pleasant manner 逗乐；给…提供娱乐

approach

v. come near(er) to 接近

millionaire▲

n. 百万富翁

pass away

(euph) (esp. of a person) die 去世

handle

6

vt. manage; control 管理，处理；操纵

livable

a. fit or pleasant to live in 适于居住的

homey

a. (infml) pleasant; like home 舒适的；像家一样的

tractor

n. 拖拉机

stature

n. 身材，身高；境界

industrialist

n. 工业家，实业家

route

n. 路线，路程

principle

n. guiding rule for behavior; basic truth 信条；原则；原理vision

n. the ability to make great plans for the future; sight; the ability to see 远见；视觉，视力

optimism▲

n. 乐观主义

self-respect

n. proper respect for oneself 自尊；自重

above all

most important of all 最重要的是

integrity▲

n. quality of being honest and responsible; state of being complete 正直；完整

rung

n. （梯子的）横档，梯级

basement▲

n. 地下室

giant

a. of great size or force 巨大的

n. 巨人

balance

n. 平衡；余额

balance sheet

资产负债表

decimal▲

小数

create

vt. produce or make (esp. sth. new) 创造，创作

Proper Names

Tony Trivisonno

托尼·特里韦索诺

Frederick C. Crawford

弗雷德里克·C·克罗弗德

Italy

意大利

Rome

罗马（意大利首都）

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valentine

n. 情人

straighten

v. (cause to) become straight or level （使）变直；（使）变平整

make one's way

go 走去

grand

a. splendid in size or appearance 宏伟的；壮丽的

absorb

vt. completely hold the attention of (sb.);take in 完全吸引住…的注意；吸收

margin

n. 页边空白

handwriting

n. 笔迹；手写稿

reflect

vt. be a sign of, show 反映，显示

thoughtful

a. thinking about what other people need; thinking deeply 体

贴的；深思的

insightful

a. 具有洞察力的

insight

n. 洞察力

previous

a. happening or coming before or earlier 早先的，先前的

owner

n. a person who owns sth. 所有人

locate

vt. find the exact position of; establish in a certain place 找到…的位置；使坐落于

correspond

vi. exchange letters regularly 通信

overseas

ad., a. to or in another country 去（在）国外（的），去（在）海外（的）

fertile

a. (of land) able to produce good crops 肥沃的，富饶的

romance▲

n. love story; love affair 爱情故事；风流韵事

bud▲

v. 发芽；萌芽

haunt▲

vt. make (sb.) worry or make (them) sad; (of ghosts) visit (a

7

place) regularly 使担忧，使苦恼；（鬼魂）常出没于

take a chance (on sth.)

attempt to do sth. in spite of the possibility of failure; take a risk 碰运气；冒险

disgust

vt. cause a strong and often sick feeling of dislike 使厌恶，使反感

schedule

vt. arrange for sth. to happen or to be done at a particular time 安排；排定

n. 工作日程表，进度表

lapel

n. （西服上衣的）翻领

sustain

vt. support emotionally; keep (an effort, etc.) going, maintain 支持；使（努力等）持续下去，保持

slim

a. slender; small 苗条的；细小的，微小的

blonde

a., n. (woman) having fair or yellow hair 金发的（女郎）curl

n. 鬈发

delicate

a. fine, well-formed; soft, tender 精美的；柔软的，娇嫩的chin

n. 下巴，颏

provocative▲

a. 挑逗的；挑衅的

curve

v. （使）弯曲

go sb.'s way

go in sb.'s direction 朝某人走去

sailor

n. 水手，海员；航海者

murmur▲

v. 轻声说，咕哝

gray

v. （使）变成灰色

tuck▲

vt. 把…塞进（某处）

more than a little

very 很，非常

overweight

a. too fat or heavy 过胖的，超重的

ankle

n. 踝；踝节部

thrust

v. 挤入；插入；猛推

heel

n. （鞋、袜等的）后跟；脚后跟，踵

split

v. (cause to) break into two or more parts 裂开；破裂

keen

a. (of interest, feelings, etc.) strong; deep 强烈的；热切的

longing

n. earnest desire 渴望

companion

vt. spend time or go somewhere with (sb.) 陪伴

uphold▲

vt. support 支持，维护

sensible

a. showing or having good sense 通情达理的，理智的

glow

n. a warm light 光亮，光辉

hesitate

vi. pause before doing sth. or making a decision 踌躇，犹豫grip

v. take a very tight hold (of) 握紧，紧握

leather

n. （动物的）皮，皮革

identify

vt. recognize or say who or what (sb./sth.)is 识别

grateful

a. feeling or showing thanks to another person 感激的

be grateful to (sb.) for (sth.)

因（某事）而感激（某人）

salute▲

v. （向…）行举手礼

lieutenant▲

n. 海军上尉；陆军中尉

broaden

v. make or become broader （使）变宽；（使）扩大

wisdom

n. 智慧；明智

response

n. reaction; answer 反应；回答

in response to

in answer to 作为对…的回应

attractive

a. pretty; able to attract 美的；有吸引力的

Proper Names

Doug Bell

道格·贝尔

Blanchard

布兰查德（姓氏）

Florida

（美国）佛罗里达州

Hollis Maynell

8

霍利斯·梅奈尔

New York City

纽约（市）

Houssaye

何赛（姓氏）

◇6◇6◇6◇6

extensively

ad. to a large extent, or in a large amount 广泛地；大量地intelligence

n. 智力

intelligent

a. 聪明的，有才智的

controversy

n. 争论，争议

surround

vt. be or go all around (sth. or sb.) 围绕；包围consciousness

n. 意识

explore

vt. examine thoroughly, learn about 探究，探索

obvious

a. easy to see and understand; clear 明显的

vet

n. 兽医

encounter

vt. meet, esp. unexpectedly 遇到，遭遇

reveal

vt. make (sth.) known 展示；揭露

convince

vt. make (sb.) feel sure by the use of argument or evidence 使确信，使信服

feat▲

n. 技艺；业绩，功绩

captivity

n. 被俘；监禁；束缚

dominant

a. ruling; most important or strongest 统治的；占优势的species

n. （单复同）物种

make a deal

reach an agreement or arrangement, esp. in business or politics 达成交易

conservationist

n. 自然资源保护论者

female

a. 雌的；女（性）的

n. 雌性的动物或植物；女人

gorilla

n. 大猩猩

suspicious▲

a. causing or showing a feeling that sth. is wrong 可疑的；猜

疑的

peanut▲

n. 花生

blank

a. without expression; without writing, or other marks 没有

表情的；空白

negotiate

vi. discuss in order to come to an agreement 谈判，协商

stake

n. (usu.pl) 奖品；奖金；赌注

pineapple

n. 凤梨，菠萝

maintain

vt. continue to do or have (sth.) 保持；继续

relieve

vt. free (sb.) from pain, anxiety, etc.; ease (pain, anxiety, etc.) 使减轻痛苦或焦虑等；减轻（痛苦或焦虑等）

link

n. 链环；环节；联系

v. join or connect 联系，连接

orangutan

n. 猩猩

undertake

vt. (undertook, undertaken) carry out; take upon oneself (a task, etc.) 从事；承担（任务等）

anthropologist

n. 人类学者

figure out

understand; reason out 理解；推断出

extend

v. (cause to) stretch or reach; make larger or longer 延伸，伸展；扩大；加长

dealing

n. (usu.pl) business relations 交易，买卖

plastic

a. 塑料的

chip

n. 薄片；碎片；集成电路片

expand

v. (cause to) grow larger 扩大，扩展

switch

v. change; shift 转换，变换

foil▲

n. 金属薄片，箔

virtuous

a. showing moral goodness 有道德的；善良的

9

envy

vt., n. 妒忌；羡慕

grape

n. 葡萄

promptly

ad. immediately 立即地

stem

n. 茎，（树）干，（叶）梗

whale

n. 鲸

cooperate

vi. act or work together 合作，协作

behaviorist

n. 行为主义者

in sb.'s interest(s)

to sb.'s advantage 为了某人的利益

go far

help very much; achieve much success 帮助很大；很有成效consultant

n. 顾问

behavior

n. the way one acts or behaves 举止，行为

assess

vt. judge the quality, importance or worth of 评估，估量judgment

n. 判断；意见，看法

mate

n. 配偶；伙伴，同事

thrive

vi. grow strong and healthy; develop well 茁壮成长；兴旺at first

at the beginning 起先

stretcher

n. 担架

emergency

n. an unexpected and dangerous happening which must be dealt with at once 紧急情况；突然事件

go wrong

stop developing well 有毛病，出故障

halt

v. (cause to) stop 停住，停止

throw up

(infml) vomit 呕吐

apparently

ad. it is clear (that) 明显地

size up

carefully examine (a situation or person) in order to make a judgement 估量，判断

release

vt. set free 释放

slide

v. (cause to) move smoothly along a surface （使）滑动

primate

n. 灵长目动物

evidence

n. sth. that gives a reason for believing sth.; trace 证据；迹象deceive

v. try to make(sb.) believe sth. that is false 欺骗

inaccessible

a. very difficult or impossible to reach 达不到的；难得到的

original

a. first or earliest 最初的；原始的

colony

n. （生长在同一地方的动物或植物）群，群体；殖民地male

n. 雄性动物或植物；男子

a. 雄的；男（性）的

gaze

n., v. 凝视，注视

give in

让步；屈服；投降

underneath

prep., ad. under or below 在…下面，在…底下

pea-brained

a. 笨的

turtle

n. （海）龟

survive

v. remain alive in spite of; continue to live or exist after 幸免于；继续存在，幸存

survival n.

disaster

n. an event causing great suffering and damage 灾难

wipe out

get rid of or destroy 消灭，消除

dinosaur

n. 恐龙

horizon

n. 眼界，见识；地平线

Proper Names

Ugene Linden

尤金·林登

Charlene Jendry

查伦·延德里

Columbus Zoo

哥伦布动物园

Colo

科洛（文中指动物名）

10

Chantek

夏特克（文中指动物名）

Lyn Miles

琳·迈尔斯

University of Tennessee

田纳西大学

Zoo Atlanta

亚特兰大动物园

Gail Laule

盖尔·劳尔

Orky

奥基（文中指动物名）

Corky

科基（文中指动物名）

Helen Shewman

海伦·休曼

Seattle

西雅图（美国华盛顿州西部港市）

Woodland Park Zoo

伍德兰公园动物园

Melati

梅拉蒂（文中指动物名）

Towan

托温（文中指动物名）

◇7◇7◇7◇7\

trunk

n. 汽车后部的行李箱

struggle with

have difficulty handling or coping with 费力地对付grocery

n. (usu. pl) 食品杂货

locomotive

n. 机车

horn

n. 喇叭

nearby

a., ad. 附近的；在附近

thumbs-up

n. 翘拇指（赞同或满意的表示）

gesture

n. 手势；姿势

echo

v. repeat (another's words, ideas, etc.) 重复

draw sb.'s attention to

make sb. aware of (sth.) 引起（某人）注意

steep

a. rising or falling sharply 陡峭的

kneel

vi. go down on the knees; rest on the knees 跪下；跪着

freight

n. 货物；货运

overhead

a. above one's head; in the sky 在上头的；架空的

signal

v. send ( sth. such as a warning or a message) by a light or an act 发信号传达

out of the way

远离，不碍事

resume

vt. begin again after a pause 重新开始，恢复

per

prep. for each 每

accelerator

n. 加速器，加速装置

conductor

n. (AmE) 列车员

medium

a. coming halfway between; not extreme 中等的

n. a means which can be used to express or communicate sth.

媒质，媒介

mess

vt. put into disorder 弄乱；弄脏

n. 混乱；脏乱

mess around

(infml) do things in an aimless way; spend time playing 随意做事；闲荡

hey

int. 嗨（用以唤起注意等）

cool down

(cause to) become calmer （使）冷静下来

spot

vt. see or recognize 看出，认出

instant

n. 片刻，瞬息

intently

ad. with great attention 专心地

rag

n. 破布；抹布；（pl）破旧衣服

brake

n. 制动器，刹车

pull on

用力拉

with all one's strength

使劲，用全力

blast

n. （汽笛等的）鸣叫

explode

11

vi. burst with a loud noise 爆发；爆炸

sway

v. (cause to)move or swing slowly from side to side （使）摇动；（使）摇摆

flash

vi. move very fast; produce a sudden bright light 飞驰，掠过；闪烁

calculate

v. 计算

deceleration

n. 减速

groan▲

v. 呻吟

thunderous

a. extremely loud 雷鸣似的；极响的

leap

vi. jump 跳，跃

grab

v. seize suddenly; take roughly and quickly 猛地抓取blade

n. 刀刃，刀身；刀片

loose

a. 松散的

hammer

n. 榔头，锤

crash

vi. fall or strike suddenly, violently, and noisily 突然重重倒下；坠毁；碰撞

reach out

stretch one's arm, usu. in order to get or touch (sth.) 伸手抓clear of

free from, not in contact with 离开；不接触

scrape

v. 刮，擦

instantly

ad. at once; immediately 立即，即刻

forehead

n. 前额

punch

v. hit hard 猛击，用力击

nylon

n. 尼龙

fabric

n. 织物，织品；构造，结构

horror

n. great fear or shock 恐惧，震惊

up and down

一上一下地

injure

vt. harm, hurt；damage 损害；伤害

injury n.

hug▲

vt. hold tightly in one's arms 紧抱

mask

n. 面具，面罩

visible

a. that can be seen 看得见的，可见的

twist

v. 转动；（使）扭曲；扭伤

ambulance

n. 救护车

ma'am = madam

女士，小姐

via

prep. by means of; by way of 通过；经过

beeper

n. BP机，拷机

internal

a. of or in the inside 内部的；内在的

miraculously

ad. like a miracle 奇迹般地

stitch▲

n. （缝合伤口、缝纫、刺绣等的）一针，针脚

risk

vt. put (sth.) in a dangerous position 使遭受危险

n. 危险，风险

no way

(infml) in no way; definitely not 不行；决不

incident

n. sth. that happens 事情；事件

shelter

vt. protect; cover 保护；遮蔽

n. 隐蔽处；躲避处

Proper Names

Jack Murphy

杰克·墨菲

Ramsey

拉姆齐（地名）

N.J.= New Jersey

（美国）新泽西州

Kate Pritchard

凯特·普理查德

Conrail

联铁（一家主要在美国东北部营运的铁路公司，Consolidated Rail Corporation的缩合词）

Todd

托德（男子名或姓氏）

Scott

12

斯科特（男子名或姓氏）

Rich Campana

里奇·坎普纳

Anthony Falzo

安东尼·法尔佐

Gary

加里（男子名或姓氏）8888888888888888888

fable

n. 寓言

teenager

n. a person who is between 13 and 19 years old 青少年

run out of

use up or finish a supply of (sth.) 用完，耗尽

file

n. a collection of papers on one subject 档案，卷宗

folder

n. holder for loose papers 文件夹

drugstore

n. (AmE) （兼营杂货的）药房

handful

n. 一把；少量

counter

n. 柜台

tax

n. 税

in amazement

with a feeling of great surprise or disbelief 惊讶地modestly

ad. not in very large quantity, size, etc. 不太多，不太大，适中

upset

vt. make (sb.) worry or feel unhappy 使苦恼，使心烦意乱ignorant

a. knowing little or nothing 无知的；不知道的

ignorance

n. 无知；愚昧

senior

n. (AmE) student in the last year of college or high school （大学或中学）毕业班的学生

slice

n. a part of sth.; a thin flat piece cut from sth. 部分；（薄薄的）一片

ability

n. 能力

nonexistent

a. not existing 不存在的

chill

v. become or make (sth. or sb.) cold （使）变冷；（使）不寒而栗

indifference

n. a lack of interest or feeling 漠不关心

sum

vt. 合计；总结；概述

sum up

总结，概括

compete

vi. 竞争

compete with/against

try to be better than (sb. else) 与…竞争

Asian

n., a. 亚洲人；亚洲（人）的

financial

a. connected with money 财政的；金融的

accumulate

v. collect, or gather together, esp. over a period of time 积累，积聚

ancestor

n. 祖先，祖宗

intellectual

a. 智力的

affect

vt. have an influence on 影响

industrial

a. 工业的

function

vi. operate; act 运作；起作用

n. 作用，功能

idle

a. lazy; not doing anything 懒散的；空闲的

jam

v. get stuck 发生故障；卡住；堵塞

break down

stop working; fail, collapse 停止运转；失败，垮了

drive home

make (sth.) clear so that people understand it 使清楚无误地理解

humble

a. 谦卑的；卑微的

suggestion

n. sth. suggested 建议

movie

n. film 电影

dramatize

vt. write (sth.) again in a form which can be performed 将…

改编为剧本，将…戏剧化

European

13

a., n. 欧洲（人）的；欧洲人

portable

a. light and small enough to be easily carried or moved 便携（式）的，手提（式）的

CD = compact disc

激光唱片；（计算机用的）光盘

county

n. （英国的）郡；（美国的）县

hut

n. 小屋；棚屋

search for

look for 寻找

wage

n. 工资，工钱

poverty

n. the state of being poor 贫穷，贫困

leisure

n. spare time 空闲，闲暇

luxury

n. 奢侈品；奢华；奢侈

mill

n. a factory 工厂，制造厂

subway

n. (AmE) underground railway 地铁

better off

richer; more comfortable 更富有；更舒服

foe

n. (lit) an enemy 敌人

scare

v. frighten （使）惊慌，（使）恐惧

foxhole

n. 散兵坑（小型掩体）

security

n. the state of feeling safe and free from worry 安全

wake up

stop sleeping 醒了

porter

n. （旅馆、火车站等的）搬行李工人；搬运工人wealthy

a. rich; having wealth 富的，富裕的

complex

a. not simple 复杂的

manual

a. 体力的；手工做的

adequate

a. enough 充分的，足够的

slum▲

n. 贫民窟

plumbing

n. （水、煤气等）管道设施

privacy▲

n. the state of being alone and undisturbed （不受干扰的）独处；隐私，隐秘

trash

n. (AmE) 垃圾；废物

befriend

vt. help; act as a friend to 帮助；以朋友态度对待

decline

vi., n. 衰败，衰退；下降

acquire

vt. get 取得，获得

ash

n. 废墟；灰，灰烬

astonish

vt. surprise very much 使惊讶

swear

vt. make a serious promise about 发誓，宣誓

make a living by

靠…维持生计

miracle

n. 奇迹

faculty

n. any of the powers of the body or mind 官能

contemptible

a. 令人鄙视的，可轻蔑的

coward▲

n. 懦夫

pop

n. (infml) father

Proper Names

Benjamin Stein

本杰明·斯坦

U.C.L.A. = University of California at Los Angeles

（美国）加利福尼亚大学洛杉矶分校

Kevin Hanley

凯文·汉利

Kerry

克雷（爱尔兰郡名）

Ireland

爱尔兰

Pittsburgh

匹兹堡（美国宾夕法尼来州城市）

Iwo Jima

硫黄岛（日本岛屿）

Brazil

巴西

?: https://www.sodocs.net/doc/0a681851.html,/Article/200809/48274_3.shtml

14

综合英语教程第一册Unit1 课件

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One way of summarizing the American position is to state that we value originality and independence more than the Chinese do. The contrast between our two cultures can also be seen in terms of the fears we both harbor. Chinese teachers are fearful that if skills are not acquired early, they may never be acquired; there is, on the other hand, no comparable hurry to promote creativity. American educators fear that unless creativity has been acquired early, it may never emerge; on the other hand, skills can be picked up later. However, I do not want to overstate my case. There is enormous creativity to be found in Chinese scientific, technological and artistic innovations past and present. And there is a danger of exaggerating creative breakthroughs in the West. When any innovation is examined closely, its reliance on previous achievements is all too apparent (the "standing on the shoulders of giants" phenomenon). But assuming that the contrast I have developed is valid, and that the fostering of skills and creativity are both worthwhile goals, the important question becomes this: Can we gather, from the Chinese and American extremes, a superior way to approach education, perhaps striking a better balance between the poles of creativity and basic skills?

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Unit 1 霾，烟雾haze 大麻marijuana （被视为某个经济实体的）国家economy (大学的)校园campus （美国）州长governor 持不同政见的；持不同政见者dissident 主张变革的人liberal 冲突；激烈的争吵clash (国家的)统治集团，当权派；建立，确立establishment 强烈的情感passion 感情强烈的；激昂的passionate （强烈的）抗议；异议protest 结盟；联盟alliance 发动；发起（军事袭击、公众调查等）launch 激进主义，行动主义resignation 成为…的特征characterize 首要的，最重要的prime 职业，工作employment 胜算，成功可能性；（尤指好事发生）可能性prospect （值得关注的）问题；议题issue 机会opportunity 费解的；无名的，默默无闻的obscure 无上幸福的bliss 性别gender 殖民主义colonialism 词义；定义definition 工业的，产业的industrial 颠覆；使下台overthrow （统治或法律）残酷的，严苛的repressive 造反；反抗rebel 反复得喊，反复的唱chant 毁灭，摧毁destruction 请愿书petition 手镯，臂镯bracelet 哲学philosophy 自信的表现或做某事；断言，宣称assert 怀旧的，念旧的nostalgic (情感的)共鸣，反响resonance 时代，纪元era 巨大的，重大的profound 权利，控制，支配；抓牢，紧握grip

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BOOK2课文译文 UNIT1 TextA 中国式的学习风格 1987年春，我和妻子埃伦带着我们18个月的儿子本杰明在繁忙的中国东部城市南京住了一个月，同时考察中国幼儿园和小学的艺术教育情况。然而，我和埃伦获得的有关中美教育观念差异的最难忘的体验并非来自课堂，而是来自我们在南京期间寓居的金陵饭店堂。 我们的房门钥匙系在一块标有房间号的大塑料板上。酒店鼓励客人外出时留下钥匙，可以交给服务员，也可以从一个槽口塞入钥匙箱。由于口子狭小，你得留神将钥匙放准位置才塞得进去。 本杰明爱拿着钥匙走来走去，边走边用力摇晃着。他还喜欢试着把钥匙往槽口里塞。由于他还年幼，不太明白得把钥匙放准位置才成，因此总塞不进去。本杰明一点也不在意。他从钥匙声响中得到的乐趣大概跟他偶尔把钥匙成功地塞进槽口而获得的乐趣一样多。 我和埃伦都满不在乎，任由本杰明拿着钥匙在钥匙箱槽口鼓捣。他的探索行为似乎并无任何害处。但我很快就观察到一个有趣的现象。饭店里任何一个中国工作人员若在近旁，都会走过来看着本杰明，见他初试失败，便都会试图帮忙。他们会轻轻握牢本杰明的手，直接将它引向钥匙槽口，进行必要的重新定位，并帮他把钥匙插入槽口。然后那位“老师”会有所期待地对着我和埃伦微笑，似乎等着我们说声谢谢——偶尔他会微微皱眉，似乎觉得我俩没有尽到当父母的责任。 我很快意识到，这件小事与我们在中国要做的工作直接相关：考察儿童早期教育（尤其是艺术教育）的方式，揭示中国人对创造性活动的态度。因此，不久我就在与中国教育工作者讨论时谈起了钥匙槽口一事。 两种不同的学习方式

我的中国同行，除了少数几个人外，对此事的态度与金陵饭店工作人员一样。既然大人知道怎么把钥匙塞进槽口——这是走近槽口的最终目的，既然孩子还很年幼，还没有灵巧到可以独自完成要做的动作，让他自己瞎折腾会有什么好处呢？他很有可能会灰心丧气发脾气——这当然不是所希望的结果。为什么不教他怎么做呢？他会高兴，他还能早些学会做这件事，进而去学做更复杂的事，如开门，或索要钥匙——这两件事到时候同样可以（也应该）示范给他看。 我俩颇为同情地听着这一番道理，解释道，首先，我们并不在意本杰明能不能把钥匙塞进钥匙的槽口。他玩得开心，而且在探索，这两点才是我们真正看重的。但关键在于，在这个过程中，我们试图让本杰明懂得，一个人是能够很好地自行解决问题的。这种自力更生的精神是美国中产阶级最重要的一条育儿观。如果我们向孩子演示该如何做某件事——把钥匙塞进钥匙槽口也好，画只鸡或是弥补某种错误行为也好——那他就不太可能自行想方设法去完成这件事。从更广泛的意义上说，他就不太可能——如美国人那样——将人生视为一系列 的情境，在这些情境中，一个人必须学会独立思考，学会独立解决问题，进而学会发现需要创造性地加以解决的新问题。 把着手教 回想起来，当时我就清楚地意识到，这件事正是体现了问题的关键之所在——而且不仅仅是一种意义上的关键之所在。这件事表明了我们两国在教育和艺术实践上的重要差异。 那些善意的中国旁观者前来帮助本杰明时，他们不是简单地像我可能会做的那样笨拙地或是犹犹豫豫地把他的手往下推。相反，他们极其熟练地、轻轻地把他引向所要到达的确切方向。 我逐渐认识到，这些中国人不是简单地以一种陈旧的方式塑造、引导本杰明的行为：他们是在恪守中国传统，把着手教，教得本杰明自己会愉快地要求再来一次。

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全新版大学英语综合教程4重点单词表 Unit 1 text A Alliance Campaign Conquest Crucial Decisive Declaration Desperate Efficient Engage Equip Heroic Instruct Invasion Launch Limp Minus Occupation Offensive Raw Reckon Region Render Resistance Siege Stroke(n.) Toll Underestimate Weaken At the cost of Be faced with Be/get bogged down Bide one’s time Bring to a halt Catch sb off guard Drag on Engage/be engaged in (doing) sth.In the case of Press on/ahead Reckon with Stand/get/be in the way Take a gamble Take its/a toll Thanks to Turn the tide (against) Text B Aboard Ambitious Boast Cancel Concern Contest Objective Obstacle Responsible Secure Stiff Withstand Call off Due to Hold out In case On the eve of Pay off Pin down Prior to Unit 2 text A Alert Apart Application Approximately Automate Bunch(v.) Calculate Computerize Correlate Decrease Detect Eliminate Expansion Frequency Harzard Incorporate Lane Lucrative Magnetic Monotonous Mount Orbit Prototype Remote Satellite Signal Steer Vapor Vibrate Be poised to (do) Get/be stuck in In the air Send out Start up Take control of Turn (sth.) into a reality Text B Accommodate Address(v.) Affordable

全新版大学英语综合教程unit课文翻译

Globalization is sweeping aside national borders and changing relations between nations. What impact does this have on national identities and loyalties? Are they strengthened or weakened? The author investigates. 全球化正在扫除国界、改变国与国之间的关系。这对国家的认同和对国家的忠诚会带来什么影响呢？它们会得到加强还是削弱？作者对这些问题进行了探讨。 In Search of Davos ManPeter Gumbel 1. William Browder was born in Princeton, New Jersey, grew up in Chicago, and studied at Stanford University in California. But don't call him an American. For the past 16 of his 40 years he has lived outside the ., first in London and then, from 1996, in Moscow, where he runs his own investment firm. Browder now manages $ billion in assets. In 1998 he gave up his American passport to become a British citizen, since his life is now centered in Europe. "National identity makes no difference for me," he says. "I feel completely international. If you have four good friends and you like what you are doing, it doesn't matter where you are. That's globalization." 寻找达沃斯人 彼得·甘贝尔 威廉·布劳德出生于新泽西州的普林斯顿，在芝加哥长大，就读于加利福尼亚州的斯坦福大学。但别叫他美国人。他今年40岁，过去16年来一直生活在美国以外的地方，先是在伦敦，1996年后在莫斯科经营他自己的投资公司。布劳德如今掌管着价值16亿美元的资产。1998年，他放弃美国护照，成为英国公民，因为他现在的生活中心在欧洲。“国家认同对我来说不重要，”他说，“我觉得自己完全是个国际人。如果你有四个朋友，又喜欢你所做的事情，那么你在哪儿无关紧要。这就是全球化。” 2. Alex Mandl is also a fervent believer in globalization, but he views himself very differently. A former president of AT&T, Mandl, 61, was born in Austria and now runs a French technology company, which is doing more and more business in China. He reckons he spends about 90% of his time traveling on business. But despite all that globetrotting, Mandl who has been a . citizen for 45 years still identifies himself as an American. "I see myself as American without any hesitation. The fact that I spend a lot of time in other places doesn't change that," he says. 亚历克斯·曼德尔也是全球化的狂热信徒，但他对自己的看法与布劳德不同。61岁的曼德尔曾任美国电报电话公司总裁。他出生于奥地利，现在经营着一家法国技术公司，该公司在中国的业务与日俱增。他估计自己几乎90%的时间都花在出差上。然而，尽管曼德尔全球到处跑，已经做了45年美国公民的他还是认为自己是个美国人。“我毫不迟疑地把自己当作美国人。我在其他地方度过很多时间，但是这一事实不能改变我是美国人，”他说。 3. Although Browder and Mandl define their nationality differently, both see their identity as a matter of personal choice, not an accident of birth. And not incidentally, both are Davos Men, members of the international business élite who trek each year to the Swiss Alpine town for the annual meeting of the World Economic Forum, founded in 1971. This week, Browder and Mandl will join more than 2,200 executives, politicians, academics, journalists, writers and a handful of Hollywood stars for five days of networking, parties and endless earnest discussions about everything from post-election Iraq and HIV in Africa to the global supply of oil and the implications of nanotechnology. Yet this year, perhaps more than ever, a hot topic at Davos is Davos itself. Whatever their considerable differences, most Davos Men and

全新版大学英语综合教程教案

Teaching Planning College English Integrated Course Book Three Unit Two The Freedom Givers Zhong wen 1.Background Information Teacher: zhong wen Students: 56 sophomores Content of the textbook: unit-2 text A the Freedom Givers Textbook: foreign language teaching and research press Time duration：10 minutes 2.Textbook Analysis The author tells three stories about the Underground Railroad and early Black civil rights movement. The three stories are chosen because they are representative of all participants in this movement: John Parke r is a freed slave who later turned into a courageous “conductor”; Levi Coffin is a brave white “conductor”; Josiah Henson is a slave who struggled his way to freedom with the help of the Underground Railroad. We learn about the name of Josiah Henson at the beginning of the text, yet his full story is not told until the last part. In this way the author achieves coherence of text. 3.Students Analysis The class is made up of 56 students, with 30 girls and 26 boys ,who have a good knowledge of Basic English, but know very little about the American culture behind the language. So in this introduction part, It is necessary to introduce some background information to the students before reading 4.Teaching Objectives Students will be able to: 1.understand the main idea(early civil-rights struggles in the US, esp. the underground Railroad) 2.grasp the key language points and grammatical structures in the text, 3.conduct a series of reading, listening, speaking and writing activities related to the theme of the unit 4.Appreciate the various techniques employed by the writer (comparison and contrast, topic sentence followed by detail sentences, use of transitional devices,etc.); 5.Teaching Procedures: Greetings Step 1 Lead-in T: Today we are going to talk about the ethic heroes in American history, before the class, I’d like to introduce the slavery to all of you. T: Abraham Lincoln was the 16th president of the United States, during his term of office; he led the civil war and abolished the slavery. T: In the battle against slavery, not only did the president try his best to abolish this system, but also the people, especially the black people living in the South America try hard to fight for their own feat. Today, we will introduce some freedom givers in the American history. Before