轮机大管轮英语真题48期
中华人民共和国海事局
2009年第5期海船船员适任证书全国统考试题(总第48期)
科目：轮机英语试卷代号：803
适用对象：无限、近洋航区3000KW及以上船舶大管轮
（本试卷卷面总分100分，及格分为70分，考试时间为100分钟）
答题说明：请选择一个最合适的答案，并将该答案按答题卡要求，在其相应位置上用2B铅笔涂黑。第1题至82题，每题1分，第83题至94题，每题1.5分。
一、单项选择题：
1. The reason why more and more of the large merchant vessels are being powered by medium-speed diesel engines is .
A. they operate between 150 and 450 rpm
B. they are connected to the propeller by gearing
C. their smaller size and weight
D. they can be connected directly to the propeller without gearing
2. The closing of the exhaust valves used on a modern, large, low-speed, main propulsion diesel engine may be directly provided by .
A. large conical springs
B. compressed air pressure
C. hydraulic pressure
D. exhaust gas pressure
3. One of the factors limiting the amount of toad which can be put on a modem marine diesel engine is the .
A. governor sensitivity
B. exhaust temperature
C. fuel injection pressure
D. speed of the cam shaft
4. The desirable properties or a marine fuel oil should inc lude .
A. high flash point and high viscosity
B. low flash point and high viscosity
C. low heating value and high sulphur content
D. high heating value and low sulphur content
5. As the plunger moves upwards in the barrel, injection will commence once the plunger bas
the spill ports and the pressure builds up.
A. opened up
B. closed off
C. lined up
D. taken off
6. In an auxiliary diesel engine bypass type lubricating oil system, the main lube oil pump forces
.
A. all of the oil used by the engine through a filter
B. some of the oil used by the engine through a filter
C. some of the oil used by the engine through a centrifuge
D. all of the oil used by the engine through a centrifuge
7. Because the circulating water is in a closed loop, is installed to cater for expansion and contraction of the water at different conditions of operation.
A. an expansion joint
B. a drain tank
C. a head tank
D. a contraction tank
8. The high air velocity leaving the compressor of an exhaust gas turbocharger is converted to pressure in the .
A. inlet nozzle ring
B. turbine wheel blade
C. diffuser passages
D. inlet volute
9. is usually driven by the engine camshaft and supplies pilot air to the cylinder air start valve.
A. An air receiver
B. An operating valve
C. An automatic valve
D. An air distributor
10. Diesel engines driving alternators operating in parallel must maintain a set frequency regardless of load changes. The governor characteristic used to accomplish this is known as .
A. actuation
B. sensitivity
C. compensation
D. promptness
11. By comparing the exhaust gas temperature of each cylinder, the operator can determine if the load is balanced throughout the engine. The device most commonly used is a .
A. tachometer
B. pyrometer
C. dynamometer
D. calorimeter
12. When the ship is going to enter into the harbor, ____.
A. change from heavy fuel oil to diesel oil for main engine
B. pumping out bilge water
C. change sea chest from high level one to lower level one
D. test emergency generator
13. If the jacket water temperature rises rapidly above normal in a diesel engine, you should first .
A. place standby cooler in operation
B. reduce engine toad
C. check thermostatic valve
D. clean sea water strainer
14. Air cocks, usually positioned at the in a circulating system, is used to get rid of the air in the system.
A. bending joint
B. expansion tank
C. weld
D. the highest point
15. Which of the following conditions could contribute to the cracking of a diesel engine cylinder head?
A. Leaking seal ring
B. Insufficient heat transfer from the exhaust valves
C. Blocked cooling water passages to the head
D. Excessive scavenging air provided to the engine
16. of an engine crankshaft can be detected by measuring deflections of' crank webs for each unit
of the engine.
A. Misalignment
B. Length
C. Strength
D. Stresses
17. can be a direct cause of faulty operation of diesel engine fuel injection nozzles.
A. Excessive fuel nozzle holder cooling
B. Sediment in the fuel supply
C. Distortion of the fuel spray pattern
D. Improper atomization of the fuel
18. When fuel is injected late into a diesel engine cylinder .
A. the exhaust will be clear
B. fuel consumption will be low
C. all the fuel will be burned at top dead center
D. fuel consumption will be high
19. A large change in ambient temperature, or using an oil of a viscosity different than the one recommended by the manufacturer in a mechanical hydraulic governor, will result m the need to adjust the .
A. pilot valve opening
B. compensating needle valve
C. compensating spring tension
D. accumulator spring tension
20. Which of the following factors tends to increase scale formation on the saltwater side of a heat exchanger used in a diesel engine cooling water system?
A. Baffle plates that have been bent during prior removal.
B. Leaks m the cooler tube nest.
C. Operating the engine while maintaining a high sea water outlet temperature.
D. A punctured sea water strainer supplying cooling water to the heat exchanger.
21. If the scavenge fire is of a more major nature, if there is a risk of the fire extending or if the scavenge trunk is adjacent to the crankcase with risk of a hot spot developing it sometimes becomes necessary to the engine.
A. stop
B. start
C. speed up
D. slow down
22. In an operating diesel engine, which of the following conditions is an indication of a leaking air starting valve?
A. Noise coming from that air starting valve.
B. Continuous operation of the starting air compressor.
C. Zero air pressure in the air starting system.
D. Overheated starting air pipe to the cylinder head.
23. Engine operating conditions may be indicated by the color of the exhaust smoke. Black smoke could indicate .
A. an insufficient speed droop setting
B. an overloaded engine
C. clogged drain holes in the oil control rings
D. complete combustion
24. In reducing engine speed to an efficient propeller speed by the use of reduction gears, ..
A. speed and torque are both reduced
B. speed is reduced and torque remains unchanged
C. speed is reduced and torque is increased
D. speed is sometimes unchanged while torque is increased
25. Which of the following statements represents an advantage of an electromagnetic clutch?
A. Large misalignments can be tolerated between the shaft and engine coupling
B. Slip is held to a minimum when reversing shaft rotation
C. Engine torsional vibrations to the driven shaft are eliminated
D. It aids in maintaining power factor
26. _____ of the controllable pitch propeller enables the blades to be moved to change the pitch angle.
A. An external mechanism
B. An internal mechanism
C. An interlock device
D. A hunting gear system
27. When sailing ill cold zones, should be drained of water.
A. the ventilation pipe
B. the water line for fire fighting on the deck
C. the fuel oil line
D. the water supplying line in bath room
28. If anything abnormal be found on the load change of main engine when the ship is entering in shallow waterway, before taking measures the engineer on duty should .
A. stop main engine immediately
B. ask the captain and the chief engineer's permission for stopping the engine
C. inquire the bridge for the situation initiatively
D. stop engine and inform bridge
29. Pitted reduction gear teeth having a deep blue color with evidence of overheating have been operated with .
A. excessive speed
B. improper warm-up
C. extreme misalignment
D. inadequate lubrication
30. Which of the following modes of heat transfer does NOT require any physical contact between a warmer and a cooler substance?
A. Radiation
B. Conduction
C. Natural convection
D. contact directly
31. To add refrigerant to the low side of an air conditioning system, the refrigerant should be introduced through the .
A. suction service valve as a vapor
B. suction service valve as a liquid
C. discharge service valve as a vapor
D. charging valve as a liquid
32. If the superheat value of a thermostatic expansion valve is set too low, the _.
A. the suction line will be abnormally cold and liquid may slug back to the compressor
B. the suction line will be hot due to a reduced amount of refrigerant returning to the compressor
C. the temperature of the refrigerant within the condenser will remain the same
D. the temperature of the refrigerant passing through the sub-cooler will decrease 33. Sweating of the refrigeration system compressor crankcase is caused by .
A. too much superheat
B. insufficient superheat
C. suction pressure too low
D. excessive refrigerant returning to the compressor
34. If a refrigeration compressor is short cycling on high head pressure, you should .
A. purge the condenser if the waterside is dirty
B. check for proper water flow through the condenser
C. increase the high pressure cutout setting
D. reduce the cooling water flow
35. Which of the following problems could cause the high pressure cutout switch to shut down the compressor in a refrigeration system?
A. A shortage of liquid refrigerant.
B. Excessive frost on the evaporator.
C. Excessive condenser cooling water.
D. Insufficient condenser cooling water flow.
36. For a purifier changing to a gravity disc with smaller hole diameter will move the interface towards the .
A. bowl periphery
B. bowl center
C. upper surface
D. lower surface
37. can cause oil flow from water outlet of the oil purifier.
A. Oil inlet valve opening too quickly
B. Oil temperature little higher than normal
C. Diameter of gravity disc too small
D. Viscosity of oil little lower than normal
38. Check valve isn't used to control .
A. direction of oil flow
B. back pressure of return oil
C. bypass of filter
D. high pressure overflow
39. Among the basic categories of equipment, which of the following are used to convert the hydraulic energy into linear motion?
A. hydraulic pumps
B. valves
C. hydraulic cylinders
D. hydraulic motors
40. With reference to a two-ram actuating mechanism, which one of the following statement is FALSE?
A. The rams work inside cylinders.
B. The cylinders have glands sealing their open ends.
C. The rams are connected to a cross-head.
D. The cross-head is mounted on the rudder stock.
41. If a heavy sea strikes the rudder, the shock is transmitted through ___ to the rams, this cause a sudden increase in oil pressure in one of the cylinders.
A. the control rod
B. the hunting gear
C. the floating ring
D. the tiller arm
42. The viscosity of' an oil is a measure of its .
A. weight
B. internal friction
C. demulsibility
D.S.A.
E. number
43. One function provided by a hydraulic accumulator is to ___.
A. provide an area where air can separate from the oil
B. provide an area to separate solid contaminants from the oil
C. act as an oil and water separator
D. absorb shocks occurring in the system
44. Which of the following components are used to convert alternating current produced in the generator windings to direct current?
A. Armature and equalizer
B. Commutator and brushes
C. Rotor and interpoles
D. Field and exciter
45. The frequency of an alternator at a given r/min is determined by the .
A. number of turns of wire in the armature coil
B. number of magnetic poles
C. strength of the magnets used
D. output voltage
46. The operation of two alternators requires the voltages to be equal and also in phase.
A. paralleling
B. series-mounting
C. running
D. controlling
47. The power factor of an AC generator operating singularly is determined by the .
A. connected load
B. prime mover speed
C. field excitation
D. generator's rated voltage
48. When you are making a high potential test on a piece of repaired electrical machinery, a rise in leakage current indicates .
A. good insulation
B. bad insulation
C. high insulation power factor
D. a high slot discharge factor
49. For the power is supplied by main switchboard directly not through sub-board.
A. saving network cost
B. improving the reliability of supplying power to important load
C. preventing sequence reversing
D. increasing the power Factor of important load
50. The emergency generator or emergency battery is connected to on most large ships.
A. distribution boards
B. section boards
C. emergency switch boards
D. main switch boards
51. Which of the following definitions can be used to define the term 'offset' as a characteristic of controller action?
A. The period of time in which the set point and the control point coincide.
B. The periodic change between the set point and the control point.
C. The variable difference between the set point and the control point.
D. The constant difference between the set point and the control point.
52. A manometer is used to measure .
A. pressure
B. temperature
C. volume
D. specific gravity
53. Which of the listed devices may be used as a digital device?
A. variable resistor
B. diode
C. strain gauge
D. thermistor
54. UMS are mainly unattended overnight and during this time should have control of the main engine.
A. the chief engineer
B. the engineer on cabin watch
C. the bridge officer on watch
D. the master
55. Before starting the engine, the air bottle should be ____.
A. pumped up
B. loaded
C. discharged
D. closed
56. During UMS rounds, a duty engineer notices that the fuel oil overflow observation glass is full of oil. Should he .
A. Stop all F.O. transfers immediately, and inform the chief engineer.
B. Make a sounding of the F.O. overflow tank and decide if there is enough capacity to leave it
until the following morning.
C. Call a motorman and have him sound the F.O. overflow tank periodically during the night.
D. start the F.O. purifier
57. When received the order "Finished With Engine", which of the following operations is wrong?
A. stop the L.O pump, S.W pump, jacket water cooling pump immediately
B. stop the F.O booster pump
C. engage the turning gear, turn the main engine
D. open the main engine scavenge air trunk's drain cocks
58. Which of the following is NOT a recommended safe practice?
A. Securing equipment against slipping or drifting.
B. Operating machinery at its recommended speed.
C. Repairing loose handles on tools before using.
D. Using tools for purposes for which they are not designed.
59. A fire involving aluminum powder would be a class .
A. 'A' fire
B. 'B' fire
C. 'C' fire
D. 'D' fire
60. The three basic components of a fire are chain reaction, heat, fuel, and ___.
A. carbon monoxide
B. oxygen
C. carbon dioxide
D. any gaseous substance
61. Why is it necessary to warn engine room personnel before activating the fixed CO2 system?
A. To make them aware there is a fire.
B. To let them know they should leave the engine room.
C. To prevent possible injury from frostbite.
D. To make them aware that ventilation will automatically stop.
62. While on watch in the engine room, you hear a continuous sounding of the general alarm. Which of the following actions should you take first?
A. Secure the burners then proceed to your assigned boat station.
B. Start the fire pump and establish flow to the fire main.
C. Open the guardian valve and standby to maneuver.
D. Open the master control valves on the fixed CO2 system.
63. Before entering a fuel tank that has been cleaned, it should be checked with an oxygen indicator and a/an .
A. Orsat apparatus
B. flame safety lamp
C. Halide torch
D. combustible gas indicator
64. Which of the following statements is correct regarding an oil with a high viscosity index?
A. A large change of viscosity occurs with a minor change in temperature.
B. No change in viscosity occurs with any change in temperature.
C. Very little change in viscosity occurs with a significant change in temperature.
D. The viscosity of the oil increases with an increase in temperature.
65. The purpose of treating the cooling water of the diesel engine is to . I. resist the scale formation in the cooling chamber II. lubricate the engine part III. increase thermal capacity IV. resist corrosion
A. I +II
B. II + III
C. III + IV
D. I +IV
66. After receiving the stores, you should sign on the _____.
A. engine logbook
B. delivery docket
C. store list
D. maintenance book
67. , where a ship is refitted for a different use.
A. Voyage repairs
B. Routine docking
C. Damage repairs
D. Conversion
68. During the dock repair, when installing the tail shaft and propeller, should be on the spot for supervising.
A. chief engineer
B. engineer
C. captain
D. any member of the engine department
69. does not belong to the mooring trial item.
A. Generator sets running test
B. Shafting intensity test
C. The function test for pumps that serving for M.E.
D. M.
E. safety devices test
70. The additional mark in the Classification Certificate for Machinery means propulsion apparatus is remotely controlled on the navigating bridge control station, and engine assembly control station is watched by duty personnel.
A. BRC
B. MCC
C. AUT-0
D. AUT-1
71. The core item in the Oil Record Book Part I is , and its main content is .
A. Item A, BALLAST OR CLEANING OF FUEL OIL TANKS
B. Item B, DISCHARGE OF DIRTY BALLAST OR CLEANING WATER FROM FUEL OIL
TANKS REFERRED TO UNDER SECTION(A)
C. Item C, DISPOSAL OF OIL RESIDUES(SLUDGE)
D. Item H, BUNKERING OF FUEL OIL
72. During the PSC inspection, under the provisions of SOLAS 74, which one be regarded as clear grounds for ships' detainment?
A. failure of proper operation of propulsion
B. paint peeling off the uptake
C. no operation procedures for file oil separators
D. damaged sanitary pump
73. The Port State Control officer may witness a fire drill carried out by the crew assigned to these duties on the .
A. Navigation Log Book
B. Engine Room Log Book
C. Oil Record Book
D. Muster List
74. When deciding the composition of the engineering watch, which may include appropriately, many factors shall be taken into account.
A. satisfied engineers
B. qualified ratings
C. satisfied chief engineer
D. qualified chief' engineer
75. When the machinery spaces are in the periodic unmanned condition, shall be immediately available and on call to attend the machinery space.
A. the chief engineer
B. the designated engineer from shipyard
C. the designated duty officer in charge of the engineering watch
D. the designated surveyor from classification society
76. When anchoring in unsheltered anchorage, chief engineer should consult with captain .
A. if the ship must be stand by
B. if take bunkering
C. if keep-watching as in voyage
D. if the ship must anchor two anchors
77. The scuppers should be plugged .
A. only if fixed containment is not used
B. only if portable containment is not used
C. only if fixed containment drains are open
D. whenever the vessel is being bunkered
78. Which statement regarding garbage disposal is correct?
A. Records for ground garbage disposal are not required when disposal into the sea occurs more
than 25 miles offshore.
B. Discharging or transfer of garbage while in port to a shore facility must be recorded.
C. Maintaining records for the incineration of garbage aboard ship is not required.
D. The recording of garbage disposal should include the approximate weight.
79. The alarm signal for engine room catching fire is a blast of random bell followed by .
A. two knocks
B. three Blocks
C. four knocks
D. five knocks
80. According to the ISM CODE, the "person" in the phrase 'to designate a person or persons ashore having direct access to the highest level of management' refers to __
A. the manager of the shipping company
B. the master of the ship
C. the designated person on board ship
D. the designated person ashore
81. The ship security officer shall have knowledge and have received training, taking into account the guidance given in Part B of .
A. the ISM Code
B. the ISPS Code
C. the IBC Code
D. the IGC Code
82. In order to limit the introduction of alien species by ship, was adopted on 13 Feb, 2004 at the IMO.
A. Revised MARPOL annex I
B. Revised MARPOL annex II
C. International convention for the control and management of ships' ballast water and sediments
D. ISPS Code
二、关联题（关联题题干下有4个小题，每小题4个选项）
第一组： The Wartsila 50DF operates on the lean-bum principle: the mixture of air and gas in the cylinder has more air than is needed for complete combustion. Lean combustion reduces peak temperatures and therefore NOx emissions. Efficiency is increased and higher output is reached while avoiding knocking. Combustion of the lean air-fuel mixture is initiated by injecting a small amount of LFO (pilot fuel) into the cylinder. The pilot fuel is ignited in a conventional diesel process, providing a high-energy ignition source for the main engine. To obtain the best efficiency and lowest emissions, every cylinder is individually controlled to ensure operation at the correct air-fuel ratio and with the correct amount and timing of pilot fuel rejection. Wartsila has developed a special electronic control system to cope with the demanding task of controlling the combustion in each cylinder, and to ensure optimal performance in terms of efficiency and emissions under all conditions by keeping each cylinder within the operating window. Stable and well-controlled combustion also contributes to less mechanical and thermal load on the engine components. Current stringent emission regulations demand the reduction of NOx emissions. In an internal combustion engine this means controlling peak temperature and residence time, which are the main parameters governing NOx formations. In the Wartsila 50DF engine, the air-fuel ratio is very high (typically 2.2). Since the same specific heat quantity released by combustion is used to heat up a larger mass of air, the maximum temperature and consequently NOx formation are lower. The mixture is uniform throughout the cylinder since the fuel and air are premixed before introduction into the cylinders, which helps to avoid local NOx formation points within the cylinder. Benefiting from this unique feature, NOx emissions from the Wartsila
50DF are extremely and comply with the most stringent existing legislation.
83. What is the combustion feature of the Wartsila 50DF?
A. Lean air in the cylinder
B. Excessive fuel in the cylinder
C. Excessive air in the cylinder
D. Spark ignition
84. For the Wartsila 50DF, the complete combustion compared with the lean-combustion can decrease the following results .①Exhaust temperatures ②NOx emissions ③Propeller efficiency ④Output
⑤Cylinder knocking ⑥Fuel supply
A.①②
B. ③⑥
C. ④
D.④⑤
85. Which system should be supplied to obtain the best efficiency and lowest emissions?
A. Lean combustion principle
B. Fuel oil system
C. Electrical control system
D. Electronic control system
86. What is the most advantage of the lean-combustion different from the routine combustion?
A. Continue running
B. Well combustion
C. Higher peak temperature
D. Lower holding time of Maximum temperature
第二组：Magnetic pickup (MPU) sensors are devices which can be used in conjunction with electronic control modules for monitoring of parameters such as speed, direction of rotation and a variety of alarm conditions. MPU sensors are available in various sizes and types. Following are some guidelines for their selection on industrial engines. MPUs are located near a flywheel, camshaft or other type of gear with rotation relative to engine speed. The passing of the gear teeth through the MPU tip (pole) generates a voltage and frequency. This frequency is converted to a speed reference by a control module. It should be noted here that most MPUs will develop similar signals. However, the magnitude and strength of the signal is dependent on the size of the sensor in relation to the gear teeth, the clearance between the pole piece and the gear teeth, and various other factors. As a general rule of thumb, the following standards should be met:
①Dimension of tooth top surface should be equal to or more than the pole piece diameter.
②Tooth height should be equal to, or more than the space between teeth.
③The space between teeth should be approximately three times the pole piece diameter.
④Air gap (clearance) between tooth and pole piece should be between 0.015" to 0.030". MPUs normally have 3/8", 5/8" threads and 2", 3" and 4" lengths. Determining which size is appropriate depends on the space available for installation, the availability of pre-drilled holes and consideration to those rules mentioned above. In most cases, these will be the only factors affecting the selcetion of a MPU.
87. MPUs can be used to .①sense speed ②supply alarm ③sense direction of rotation.
A.①②
B. ②③
C. ①③
D. ①②③
88. Which of the following factors will affect the strength and magnitude of the signal?
A. The number of the gear tooth.
B. The clearance between the pole pieces.
C. The size of the sensor.
D. The MPUs thread.
89. According to the passage, we can infer that the pole piece diameter must be tooth height.
A. as same as
B. much less than
C. much more than
D. not confirmed
90. Which of the following factors will affect the selection of a MPU? ①the pole piece length ②the availability of pre-drilled holes ③the space available for installation.
A. ①②
B. ②③
C. ①③
D. ①②③
第三组：Following a security incident, in which the response measures outlined in the Ship Security Plan (SSP) have been activated, there will be a thorough review of their effectiveness and details will be made available, on request, to persons duly authorized by the Ship's Flag State Administration. The Ship Security Plan is not subject to detailed inspection (other than confirming its existence on the ship) by duly authorized officials of a port State unless there are "clear grounds" to believe that the ship is not in compliance with the requirements of SOLAS or the ISPS Code, and the only means to verify or rectify the non-compliance is to review the relevant sections of the Plan. In such cases, access to the Restricted parts of the Plan relating to the non-compliance is exceptionally allowed, but only with the consent of the Flag State, or the master. If the master, in his professional judgment, believes that such "clear grounds" exist, and allowing access to relevant sections of the Restricted part of the Plan might resolve the situation, such access can be exceptionally granted. However, this should be immediately reported by the ship to the Company Security Officer (CSO). If access to the Restricted part of the Plan is denied by the master, this should be immediately reported by the ship to the Company Security Officer for guidance and reference to the Flag State.
The Confidential part of a SSP cannot be subject to non-flag State inspection unless otherwise agreed by the contracting governments concerned. Any such request or demand by port state officials
to view sections of the Confidential part of the Plan will be immediately reported by the ship to the Company Security Officer for guidance and reference to the flag State before any details are revealed to non-flag State officials. The Confidential provisions, which from an integral part of this Plan, are held by the Ship Security Officer (SSO)
91. After a security incident, the revision of the SSP will made by .
A. the CSO
B. the SSO
C. persons duly authorized by the Ship's Flag State Administration
D. information not given
92. Which statement is True?
A. The Port State Control Officer has no right to check a SSP
B. The Master has the right to refuse the request from a Port State Control Officer to check the
confidential part of the SSP on board
C. The Confidential part of a SSP can never be subject to non-flag State
D. Even the flag State has no right to check the SSP thoroughly
93. The Restricted parts of a SSP are kept on board by
A. the CSO
B. the SSO
C. the Flag State
D. the master
94. After the SSP being checked by a duly authorized officials of a port State, whom should be reported to by the ship immediately?
A. Port State
B. Flag state
C. The CSO
D. The Administration
轮机英语
轮机英语词汇 1、pump 泵 ①Supply pump供给泵②transfer pump 输送泵 ③circulating pump 循环泵④bilge pump 舱底水泵 ⑤ballast pump 压载水泵 1、tank ①drain tank 泄放柜②service tank 日用柜 ③settling tank沉淀柜④storage tank 储存柜 ⑤circulating tank 循环柜⑥used oil tank 废油柜 ⑦buffer tank 缓冲柜⑧overflow tank 溢流柜 ⑨Collecting tank 收集柜⑩expansion water tank 膨胀水箱 2、water ①sea water (S.W.) 海水②fresh water (F.W.)淡水 ③operating water 工作水④sanitary water 卫生水 ⑤washing water冲洗水⑥refilling water 再注水 ⑦feed water给水⑧condensate water 冷凝水 ⑨bilge water 舱底水⑩sewage污水 2、oil ①fuel oil (F.O.) 燃油②lubricating oil (L.O.) 滑油 ③engine oil 机油④cylinder oil 气缸油 ⑤diesel oil (D.O.) 柴油⑥turbine oil 透平油 ⑦cool oil 冷却油⑧seal oil 密封油 3、temperature (temp) 温度 4、flow 流量 5、pressure（press）压力 6、power 功率 10、level 液位 11、vibration 振动 12、normal/abnormal 正常/异常 13、main/auxiliary (aux.) 主要/辅助的 14、inlet/exhaust 进气/排气 15、fire alarm 火警 16、fail/failure 故障 17、overload 过载 18、no-voltage 失电 19、leak/leakage 泄漏 20、wrong-way 错向 21、insulation(insul) 绝缘 22、oil mist 油雾 23、viscosity 粘度 24、density 浓度 25、salinity 盐度 26、oil content 油含量
三管轮轮机英语大证考试真题41期
中华人民共和国海事局 2006年第3期海船船员适任证书全国统考试题(总第41期) 科目：轮机英语试卷代号：805 适用对象：无限、近洋航区3000KW及以上船舶二/三管轮 （本试卷卷面总分100分，及格分为70分，考试时间为100分钟） 答题说明：请选择一个最合适的答案，并将该答案按答题卡要求，在其相应位置上用2B铅笔涂黑。第1题至74题，每题1分，第75题至78题，每题1.5分,第79题至80题, 每题10分。 一、单项选择题 1. A diesel engine is similar to a gasoline engine except that the former has no ______. A. cross-head B. spark plug C. connecting rod D. cylinder 2. A diesel engine which is rated for normal operation at a crankshaft speed of 800 RPM, is commonly classed as a ______. A. slow-speed diesel B. medium-speed diesel C. high-speed diesel D. constant-speed diesel 3.Which of the diesel engine components listed increases air density and helps to improve engine operating efficiency? A. Impeller B. Compressor C. After-cooler D. Exhaust diffuser 4.For a given size engine, the two-stroke/cycle diesel engine will deliver more power than a four- stroke/cycle diesel engine because ______. A. it has a longer power stroke B. more air gets into the cylinder each stroke C. it develops twice as many power strokes at the same speed D. higher combustion pressure is developed 5.The intake valves in a diesel engine are reseated by ______. A. cam followers B. push rods C. combustion gases D. valve springs 6.According to the way the energy of the exhaust gases is utilized, pressure-charging can be divided into two main systems, namely, the constant-pressure system and ______. A. the pulse-phase system B. the pulse Doppler system C. the pulse system D. the pulse interval system 7.An over-speed safety device is usually fitted to a generator engine for______in the event of over- speed. A. cutting power off the engine B. increasing the fuel pump setting C. braking the crankshaft D. stabilizing the ship speed 8.What preventative maintenance should be done frequently to diesel engine starting air receivers? A. Drain the accumulated moisture. B. Test the relief valves. C. Watch the temperature to prevent fluctuations in pressure. D. Clean the interior to remove oil and foreign matter. 9.Immediately after any diesel engine is started, the engineer should check the ______. A. crankcase pressure B. lube oil pressure C. seawater pressure D. exhaust temperature 10. A controllable pitch propeller on a diesel driven vessel eliminates the need for ______. A. friction clutches B. disconnect clutches C. reversing gears D. reduction gears 11.In motor ship, ______is often used to recover some of the heat carried in the exhaust gases from the main engine. A. an diesel oil heater B. a waste heat boiler C. a fresh water generator D. a donkey boiler 12.An exhaust gas bypass is installed on a waste heat boiler in order to ______. A. bypass exhaust gas at high loads to prevent excessive back pressure B. bypass a portion of the exhaust gas at peak loads for better efficiency C. recycle exhaust gas to the turbocharger D. minimize moisture condensation in the boiler gas passages at low loads 13.Prior to lighting off a cold automatically fired auxiliary boiler, you should ______. A. check and regulate the water level B. close the air cock once fires are lit C. blow down the gage glass D. assure protective steam flow 14.Flame failure in an automatically fired auxiliary boiler can mostly result from a/an ______. A. incorrect electrode setting B. incorrect nozzle position C. clogged fuel nozzle D. broken high tension lead 15.Waterside scale in a fire-tube boiler may cause ______. A. increased heat transfer B. fireside erosion C. high steam demand D. overheated tubes 16.Which of the following will be the advantage of a centrifugal pump as compared with a reciprocating pump? I. Its discharge is continuous; II. It has no internal valves; III. Upon accidental closing of discharge valve, excessive pressure will not build up A. I, II B. II, III C. I, II, III D. II only 17.Why are removable sleeves installed on centrifugal pump shafts? A. They make it easier to replace the pump shaft packing. B. They can be economically replaced as they wear out. C. They can be removed when it is necessary to lighten the weight of the pump. D. They increase the strength of the shaft. 18.If one of the bilge system manifold valves does not properly seat, the ______. A. bilge well connected to that valve, plus the second bilge well being pumped will be completely emptied B. bilge system will lose vacuum and prevent the other bilges from being pumped out C. bilge well aft connected to that valve will siphon(虹吸) its contents to the forward bilge wells D. discharge pressure will be too high. 19.Which of the listed statements is correct concerning the starting of centrifugal pumps? A. They should always be started with the discharge valve closed. B. They should always be started with the discharge valve opened. C. A priming pump is always required to flood the impeller suction. D. They should always be started with the sealing line valves closed. 20.The simplest method to use for determining if a centrifugal pump is operating as designed, is to ______. A. closely observe the pump discharge temperature B. close off the discharge valve, and watch for a rise in pressure C. momentarily close off the suction valve, and watch for a rise in pressure D. use a clamp on ammeter and compare the readings to past records
第47期轮机英语
47期轮机英语考试题目 一单项选择题 A1.The___ engine is used for alternators and some times for main propulsion provide a propeller of between 90 to 120 rpm. A.four-stroke B.two-stroke. C.slow speed D.reversible B2.The abbreviation”MIP”stands for____, A.middle indicating pressure B.mean indicated pressure C.mean pitch D.middle indicated power D3.The cetane number of a diesel fuel oil indicates its____. A.viscosity B.acid content C.heating value D.ignition quality C4.In a two-stroke engine the camshaft rotates at___the enging rotational speed. A.half B.twice C.the same speed as D.four times D5.A diesel enging is similar to a gasoline engine except that the former has no ____. A.cross-head B.cylinder C.connecting rod D.spark plug C6.It is easier to replace a dry cylinder liner than a wet one because____. A.of the thin wall thickedss B.honing makes it easier to maintain the desired oil film C.water seals are not required D.it fits more loosely due to a decrease in heat transfer through the composite wall D7.A main bearing consists of two shells which are secured by means of studs and____. A.tie rods B.though bolts C.lead wires D.bearing caps C8.However fast or slow the combustion rate,it is still a____between carbon,hydrogen,sulph and oxygen that releases heat. A.physical deformation B.state exchange C.chemical reaction D.coalescence A9.During the fuel injection period,fuel pressure must exceed cylinder gas pressure to____. A.ensure penetration and distribution of the fuel in the combustion chamber B.ensure the needle valves is flushed clean duringeach injection C.prevent combustion gas blowback into the open needle valve Dprevent reflected pressure waves when the neddle valve close. B10.In a diesel engine lube oil system ,which of the following parts should be lubricated first? A.Camshaft bearings B.Main bearings C.Piston crowns D.Cylinder walls B11.In a diesel engine closed freshwater cooling system,the amount of coolant flowing through the heat exchanger is controlled by the _____, A.suction pressure regulator B.thermostatic bypass valve C.sea water temperature D.water level in the expansion tank
轮机大管轮英语真题48期
中华人民共和国海事局 2009年第5期海船船员适任证书全国统考试题(总第48期) 科目：轮机英语试卷代号：803 适用对象：无限、近洋航区3000KW及以上船舶大管轮 （本试卷卷面总分100分，及格分为70分，考试时间为100分钟） 答题说明：请选择一个最合适的答案，并将该答案按答题卡要求，在其相应位置上用2B铅笔涂黑。第1题至82题，每题1分，第83题至94题，每题1.5分。 一、单项选择题： 1. The reason why more and more of the large merchant vessels are being powered by medium-speed diesel engines is . A. they operate between 150 and 450 rpm B. they are connected to the propeller by gearing C. their smaller size and weight D. they can be connected directly to the propeller without gearing 2. The closing of the exhaust valves used on a modern, large, low-speed, main propulsion diesel engine may be directly provided by . A. large conical springs B. compressed air pressure C. hydraulic pressure D. exhaust gas pressure 3. One of the factors limiting the amount of toad which can be put on a modem marine diesel engine is the . A. governor sensitivity B. exhaust temperature C. fuel injection pressure D. speed of the cam shaft 4. The desirable properties or a marine fuel oil should inc lude . A. high flash point and high viscosity B. low flash point and high viscosity C. low heating value and high sulphur content D. high heating value and low sulphur content 5. As the plunger moves upwards in the barrel, injection will commence once the plunger bas the spill ports and the pressure builds up. A. opened up B. closed off C. lined up D. taken off 6. In an auxiliary diesel engine bypass type lubricating oil system, the main lube oil pump forces . A. all of the oil used by the engine through a filter B. some of the oil used by the engine through a filter C. some of the oil used by the engine through a centrifuge D. all of the oil used by the engine through a centrifuge 7. Because the circulating water is in a closed loop, is installed to cater for expansion and contraction of the water at different conditions of operation. A. an expansion joint B. a drain tank C. a head tank D. a contraction tank 8. The high air velocity leaving the compressor of an exhaust gas turbocharger is converted to pressure in the . A. inlet nozzle ring B. turbine wheel blade C. diffuser passages D. inlet volute 9. is usually driven by the engine camshaft and supplies pilot air to the cylinder air start valve. A. An air receiver B. An operating valve C. An automatic valve D. An air distributor 10. Diesel engines driving alternators operating in parallel must maintain a set frequency regardless of load changes. The governor characteristic used to accomplish this is known as . A. actuation B. sensitivity C. compensation D. promptness 11. By comparing the exhaust gas temperature of each cylinder, the operator can determine if the load is balanced throughout the engine. The device most commonly used is a . A. tachometer B. pyrometer C. dynamometer D. calorimeter 12. When the ship is going to enter into the harbor, ____. A. change from heavy fuel oil to diesel oil for main engine B. pumping out bilge water C. change sea chest from high level one to lower level one D. test emergency generator 13. If the jacket water temperature rises rapidly above normal in a diesel engine, you should first . A. place standby cooler in operation B. reduce engine toad C. check thermostatic valve D. clean sea water strainer 14. Air cocks, usually positioned at the in a circulating system, is used to get rid of the air in the system. A. bending joint B. expansion tank C. weld D. the highest point 15. Which of the following conditions could contribute to the cracking of a diesel engine cylinder head? A. Leaking seal ring B. Insufficient heat transfer from the exhaust valves C. Blocked cooling water passages to the head D. Excessive scavenging air provided to the engine 16. of an engine crankshaft can be detected by measuring deflections of' crank webs for each unit of the engine. A. Misalignment B. Length C. Strength D. Stresses 17. can be a direct cause of faulty operation of diesel engine fuel injection nozzles. A. Excessive fuel nozzle holder cooling B. Sediment in the fuel supply C. Distortion of the fuel spray pattern D. Improper atomization of the fuel 18. When fuel is injected late into a diesel engine cylinder . A. the exhaust will be clear B. fuel consumption will be low C. all the fuel will be burned at top dead center D. fuel consumption will be high 19. A large change in ambient temperature, or using an oil of a viscosity different than the one recommended by the manufacturer in a mechanical hydraulic governor, will result m the need to adjust the . A. pilot valve opening B. compensating needle valve C. compensating spring tension D. accumulator spring tension 20. Which of the following factors tends to increase scale formation on the saltwater side of a heat exchanger used in a diesel engine cooling water system? A. Baffle plates that have been bent during prior removal. B. Leaks m the cooler tube nest. C. Operating the engine while maintaining a high sea water outlet temperature. D. A punctured sea water strainer supplying cooling water to the heat exchanger. 21. If the scavenge fire is of a more major nature, if there is a risk of the fire extending or if the scavenge trunk is adjacent to the crankcase with risk of a hot spot developing it sometimes becomes necessary to the engine. A. stop B. start C. speed up D. slow down 22. In an operating diesel engine, which of the following conditions is an indication of a leaking air starting valve?
船舶、轮机英语词汇大全
船舶英语 目录 一.职位及工种 (Titles and type of work) (1) 二、柴油机类 (Words about diesel engine) (3) 三、船舶机械类 (Words about marine machinery) ·· 11 四、阀门(Words about valve) (14) 五、泵类(Words about pump) (16) 六、甲板机械类（Deck machinery） (18) 七、工具类(Word about tools) (20) 八、常用物料(Material in common use) 26 九、常用紧固件 (Part of fixation in common use) (28) 十、常用油类(Oil in common use) (28) 十一、常用量词 (Quantifier in common use) (29) 十二、国家名称(Name of country) 。 30 十三、常用缩语 (abbreviation in common use) (31) 十四、船用动态常用单词(marine tends word) 32 十五、船舶机电设备操作词汇 (manipulate of marine equipment) ·33 十六、故障常用单词 (words about malfunction) (35) 十七、保养检修常用词汇 (Words about maintain and examination) 38 十八、常用数字(Numeral in common use) 40 十九、时间、季节与方向 (Time、Season and Direction) (42) 二十常用词组（Phrases in common use）·45 二十一、常用动词和例句 (Verb in common use and example) (48) 二十二、问候和常用表达语 (Greeting and common expression) (67) 二十三、主机提交过程用语 (Delivery expressions for main engine) 68 二十四、空压机和空气系统用语 (Air compressor and Air system) (75) 二十五、锅炉提交用语 (Delivery expressions for boiler) (77) 二十六、锚绞车提交过程用语(Delivery expressions for anchor windlass) 79 二十七、舵机提交过程用语 (Steering gear delivering) (87) 二十八、付机提交过程用语 （Delivery expression for A/E） (91) 二十九、救生艇提交过程用语 (Delivery expressions for lifeboat) ··92 三十、其他提交项目 (Delivery expressions for other items) (95) 三十一、甲板机械系泊试验 (Mooring test for deck machinery) (96) 三十二、机舱设备系泊试验 (Mooring test for the equipment in E/R) (98) 三十三、谈论故障常用语 （Expressions for trouble） (100) 三十四、谈论检修常用语 (Expressions for overhaul) (101) 三十五、谈论试验和检验 (Talking about test & check) (103) 三十六、谈论技术要求 (Talking about technology required) (105) 一．职位及工种(Titles and type of work) 1．船长 Captain 2．大副 Chief officer 3．二副 Second officer 4．三副 Third officer 5．四副 Fourth officer 6．水手长 Boatswain 7．水手 Sailor & Seaman 8．木匠 Carpenter 9．轮机长 Chief engineer 10．大管轮 Second engineer 11．二管轮 Third engineer 12．三管轮 Fourth engineer 13．机匠长 Chief motorman 15．机匠 Fitter 16．加油工 Oil man 17．大电 Chief electrician 18．电工 Electrician 19．车间主任 Workshop director 20．工长 Section chief 21．班长 Fore man 22．钳工 Fitter 23．主管工程师 Engineer in charge 24．机务&船东 Superintendent &Super &Owner 25．助理工程师 Assistant engineer 26．验船师（机）Register 27．验船师（船）Surveyor 28．油漆工 Painter 29．焊工 Welder 30．大橱 Chief cook 31．物料员 Store keeper 32．加油工 Oiler 33．机工 Mechanic 34．甲板员 Deck man 35．电线工 Wireman 36．外包工 Laborer 37．铸工 Molder 38．管子工 Pipe fitter 39．起重工 Crane operator 二、柴油机类(Words about diesel engine) 1．主机 Main engine 2．二冲程柴油机 Two-stroke diesel engine 3．四冲程柴油机 Fore-stroke diesel engine 4．高速柴油机 High speed diesel engine 5．中速柴油机 Middle speed diesel engine 6．低速柴油机 Low speed diesel engine 7．气缸盖(缸头) Cylinder head 8．安全阀 Safety valve 9．释放阀 Relief valve 10．示功阀 Indicator valve 11．示功考克 Indicator cock 12．空气起动阀 Air starting valve 13．起动空气分配器 Air starting distributor 14．油头(燃油喷射器) Fuel injector 15．排气阀 Exhaust valve 16．气缸套 Cylinder liner 17．冷却水套 Cooling water jacket 18．气缸注油器 Cylinder lubricator 19．活塞 Piston 20．活塞头 Piston crown 21．活塞裙 Piston skirt 22．活塞销 Piston gudgeon pin 24．活塞杆 Piston rod 25．活塞环 Piston ring 26．活塞环槽 Piston ring groove 27．压缩环 (气环) Compression ring 28．刮油环 (油环) Oil scraper ring 29．减磨令 Wear ring (copper ring) 30．伸缩管(水拉管) Telescopic pipe 31．活塞冷却空间 Piston cooling space 32．填料箱(函) Stuffing box 33．填料箱密封环Sealing ring for Stuffing box 34．填料箱压缩环 Pressure ring for Stuffing box 35．填料箱刮油环Scraper ring for Stuffing box 36．扫气箱 Scavenging receiver 37．扫气口 Scavenging port 38．排气口 Exhaust port 39．十字头 Cross head 40．十字头销 Crosshead pin 41．十字头轴承 Crosshead bearing 42．十字头滑块 Crosshead slipper 43．滑块 Guide shoe 44．十字头导板 Crosshead guide plate 45．连杆 Connecting rod 46．连杆大端轴承 Bid end bearing 47．连杆小端轴承 Small end bearing 48．曲柄轴承 Crank bearing 49．曲柄销 Crank pin 50．曲轴 Crank shaft 51．曲轴颈 Crank journal 52．曲柄臂 Crank web 53．拐档差 Crank deflection 54．主轴承 Main bearing 55．主轴颈 Main journal 56．轴承瓦 Bearing bush 57．上轴瓦 Upper bearing bush 58．上轴瓦 Upper half 59．下轴瓦 Lower bearing bush 60．下轴瓦 Lower half 61．推力轴承 Thrust bearing 62．推力块 Thrust pad 63．推力盘 Thrust disc 64．推力轴 Thrust shaft 65．底座 Bed plate 66．机架 Frame 67．曲柄箱 Crank case 68．曲柄箱导门 Crank case door 69．曲柄箱防爆门 Explosion-proof Crank case. 70．定时齿轮 Timing gear 71．飞轮 Flying wheel 72．凸轮 Cam 73．凸轮轴 Cam shaft 74．喷油凸轮 Fuel injection cam 75．链条 Chain 76．链条轮 Chain wheel 77．链条箱 Chain box 78．推杆 Push rod 79．摇臂 Rocker arm 80．排气阀 Exhaust valve 81．吸气阀 Suction valve 82．排气总管 Exhaust manifold 83．进气总管 Air inlet manifold 84．高压燃油管 High pressure fuel pipe 85．活塞冷却水管 Piston cooling water pipe 86．法兰 Flange 87．贯穿螺栓 Tie bolt (tie rod) 89．滑油泵 Lubricating oil pump 90．燃油泵 Fuel oil pump 91．滑油泵齿轮 Gear for lubricating oil pump 92．燃油泵齿轮 Gear for fuel oil pump 93．叶轮 Impeller 94．柱塞 Plunger 95．导杆 Guide rod 96．导套 Sleeve 97．滚动轴承 Ball bearing 98．滑动轴承 Sliding bearing 99．推力滚动轴承Thrust ball bearing 100．推力面 Thrust surface (thrust side) 101．盘车机 Turning gear 102．增压器 Turbocharger 103．涡轮机(透平) Turbine 104．涡轮 Turbine wheel 105．涡轮叶片 Turbine blade 106．喷嘴 Nozzle 107．废气叶轮 Exhaust impeller 108．废气叶轮片 Exhaust blade 109．废气端 Exhaust side 110．透平端 Turbine side 111．转子轴 Rotor shaft 112．油泵 L.O.pump 113．换向装置 Reversing device 114．换向伺服期 Reversing servomotor 115．压气机(鼓风机) Blower 116．膨胀接 Expansion joint 117．调速器 governor 118．飞重 Flying weight 119．补偿阀 Compensate valve 120．针阀 Needle valve 121．开口销 Cotter pin 122．轴封 Shaft seal 123．机械密封 Machinery seal 4