《电力英语阅读与翻译》 单词总结(汉译英、英译汉)

《电力英语阅读与翻译》单词总结(汉译英、

英译汉)

安装install 按键开关key switchB把…转换为…convert…into… 百分比percentage 摆动swing 半导体semiconductor 磅，平方英寸psi 保险丝，熔断器fuse 爆炸explosion 备用，备份back-up 备用standby 泵，泵入pump 比值比率ratio 避雷lightning shielding 避雷器lightning arrester 编组的marshalling 变电站substation 变更modification 变换转换convert 变压器transformer 变压器油箱tank 变质老化，变坏deterioration 标称电压nominal voltage 标么值per unit system 冰雪sleet 并联补偿shunt compensation 不带电的deenergized 不可接受的unacceptable 不可预见的unpredictable 不足的insufficient 布置layout 布置安装arrangement 步骤措施procedure 部分componentC参考坐标reference frame 槽slot 测定determine 插座receptacle 差分保护differential protection 超出exceed 持续不断的sustained 尺寸，方面dimension 冲击shock 冲击式水轮机impulse turbine 臭氧ozone 除尘器precipitator 触电死亡electrocute 传导电流conduction current 传动轴，轴shaft 传输delivery 传输电平transmission level 串联补偿series

compensation 串联绕组series winding 瓷绝缘子porcelain insulator 磁场field 磁场magnetic field 磁芯，铁心core 磁性灭弧magnetic blowout 磁滞损耗hysteresis loss 粗略的rough 淬火，熄quenchingD大坝，水坝dam 大功率容量bulk-power 大体上substantially 大致的approximately 带电energize 带电导体live conductor 弹簧spring 挡板barrier 导电率c onductivity 等面积equal-area 等效电路equivalent circuit 低熔点low-melting-point 低位差low head 抵消作用cancellation effect 底座footing 地线ground wire 典型的typical 电磁力electromagnetic 电功率electric power 电弧are 电解electrolysis 电抗capacitance 电抗reactance 电缆管，输水管raceway 电离，游离ionization 电离ionize 电离反应ionizing effect 电力系统power system 电流current 电流表ammeter 电流互感器current transformer 电能electric energy 电势potential 电压表voltmeter 电压不足undervoltage 电压互感器potential transformer 电压应力voltage stress 电源power source 电晕corona 电阻resistance 电阻率resistivity 定子stator 动触头moving contact 动能kinetic energy 动态模型dynamic model 短持续时间short-duration 短路short circuit 断开break up 断路器breaker 断路器件circuit breaker 断续器interrupter 堆积云cumulus clouds 对称的，均匀的symmetrical 对流convectionE

额定功率rating 二次绕组secondary winding F发电机generator 阀valve 反应堆reactor 非峰期off-peak 废气exhaust 分段section 分接tap 分解decomposition 分离的parting 峰荷peak-load 伏特volt 幅值, 量值, 振幅magnitude 辐射状的radial 辐射状系统radial system 辐条型的spoked 辅助的auxiliary 负荷密度load density 负载load 附着物attachment 复杂的complicatedG感抗inductance 干扰，妨碍interference 高度海拔elevation 高幅值的high-magnitude 高位差high head 隔离开关disconnect switch 给…馈电feed 更新update 公用绕组common winding 功率平衡power balance 构件组件member 估算rate 故障fault 关闭，断开switch out 惯性inertia 惯性矩moment of inertia 光电效应photovoltaic effect 锅炉boiler 过热器superheaterH行波traveling-wave 核反应堆nuclear reactor 核燃料fissionable material 恒定

的constant 横臂cross-arm 互联interconnection 户外的

open-air 环网系统loop system 黄铜brass 火花放电隙spark gap 火线lineJ击穿breaking down 击穿strike 机械功率mechanical power 机械力mechanical force 基本负荷base-loading 激发initiate 级联，串列连接tandem 极，电极pole 极大地，剧烈的intense 极性polarity 极性变换reversal 几分之一 a fraction of 技术要求specification 继电器relay 加

长lengthen 架空电缆overhead cable 尖部，端部，小费tip 间

隔，距离interval 间隙clearance 监视监视仪monitor 减轻a lleviate 建立establish 交流发电机alternator 焦化charring 角动量angular momentum 角速度angular velocity 绞合的stranded 接触contact 节约的sparingly 结合混合combine 截面cross section 介电强度dielectric strength 介电系数k-factor 介质agent 金属波纹管metal bellows 金属的metallic 紧急情况emergency 静触头stationary contact 静电的electrostatic 局部in local regions 局部过热local overheating 巨大的enormous 聚乙烯polyethylene 绝缘insulation 绝缘带tape 绝缘漆insulating varnish 绝缘体,绝缘的dielectric 绝缘子insulator 绝缘子串insulator stringK 开关设备switchgear 开路open-circuit 抗拉张的tensile 可靠性reliability 可裂变的fissionable 空隙voidL雷电

lightning 雷击lightning stroke 离心力centrifugal force

离子偶ion-pair 理想的desirable 力矩torque 励磁电流field current 连接的关联的associated 联机，联网点on-line 两重

的duplicate 临界的，极限的critical 临近处vicinity 零序电流zero sequence current 另外in addition 漏磁通leakage flux 漏电creepage 炉膛，燃烧室furnace 裸导线bare conductorM埋地电缆underground cable 灭弧的arc-suppressing 民用的residential 敏感的susceptible 模拟计算机analog computer 磨煤机mill 磨煤机pulverizer 末端的终端

的terminal 母联bus-coupler 母线busbarN内部的internal 内电压internal voltage 内燃机internal combustion engine 逆弧，再次点燃电弧reignite 凝汽器c ondenserO欧姆ohmP排定安排schedule 排放release 旁路bypass 旁路位移电流shunt displacement current 配电盘，开关屏switchboard 配电网distribution network 配电线路distribution circuit 喷管nozzle 喷溅喷洒spray 频闪仪stroboscope 平方square 平衡状态equilibrium state 平均负荷average load 破坏性因素destructive agency 破裂ruptureQ启动initiation 启动装置trigger 起反应，起反作用react 起作用function 气泡bubble 汽包炉筒drum 汽轮发电机turbine-generator 汽轮机steam-driven turbine 牵线式的guyed 切断deenergizes 切换transfer 氢hydrogen 清除clear 去离子效应deionizing effect 去能deenergizeR燃烧combustion 扰动disturbance 绕组winding 热交换器heat exchanger 热效率thermal efficiency 人工的手动的manually 日负荷曲线daily load-demand curve 软导线cord 软延长线extension cordsS三相电three-phase 三相交流电流three phase alternating current 删除eliminate 闪光，发火花flash 闪络, 飞弧flashover 设备appliance 设备facility 设备外壳enclosure 射流jet 识别，辨认distinction 使成环loop 使共振，谐振resonate 示意图，方式scheme 示意图schematic diagram 事故电路removal of

fault 适用的adaptable 室，腔chamber 释放，松开断开,trip 输出的outgoing 输电线transmission line 竖向的，垂直的vertical 衰减振荡响应damped oscillatory response 水电厂hydroelectric power plant 水斗式水轮机pelton wheel 水库reservoir 水龙头kitchen faucet 水轮机hydraulic turbine 瞬间的momentarily 瞬时额定值momentary rating 瞬时功率instantaneous power 瞬态稳定度transient stability 伺服机构，跟踪装置servomechanism 随时瞬时from minute to minute 所规定的prescribedT炭化char 套管bushing 特征，特点feature 特征特性characteristic 替代取代supersede 调度员dispatcher 调换transpose 调节器regulator 铁壳的metal-clad 停断cease 停电outage 通风ventilation 通风管stack 通路corridor 同步synchronism 同步转速synchronous speed 同时的simultaneous 铜损copper loss 凸极式转子salient pole rotor 图，简图diagram 图解说明illustrate 退火annealingW弯曲flex 完全的radically 网孔mesh 网络系统network system 危害damage 危险hazard 微秒microsecond 维修检修maintenance 尾水渠tail race 稳定的stable 稳态条件steady-state condition 涡流eddy current 涡流损耗eddy current loss 涡轮机turbine 蜗壳spiral casing 污染contaminate 无法使用的inoperative 无功功率表varmeter 无论何种原因for any reason 无刷励磁brushless excitation 无

损失lossless 无限长母线infinite busX熄灭extinguish 显示测定sense 现象phenomena 线圈coil 线性的linearly 相角phase angle 相量phasor 相邻的adjacent 向中心，向内inward 谐波的harmonic 泄露spilling 星形连接wye-connected 星型轮spider 悬挂suspension 旋转转动rotationY烟囱chimney 阳极塔positive 遥控remote control 叶片blade 一次绕组primary winding 一捆bundle 一匝线圈turn 已电离的ionized 以…速度at…r ate 以热离子形式thermionically 异常的，不规则的a bnormal 易熔的fusible 阴极辉点cathode spot 引入的incoming 引入线箱service(entrance)

box 应用，使用application 永久的permanent 用电设备utilization equipment 油浸纸介质oil-impregnated paper 有功功率表wattmeter 有利的advantageous 有气空的porous 有时on occasion 余量excess 与…同相位in phase with 预见到anticipate 原动机prime 云母micaZ匝数比turns ratio 再热

器reheater 在某些情况下in some cases 暂时的temporary 真空vacuum 振荡oscillation 蒸发，气化evaporate 蒸馏

extract 正极阳极anode 正弦波sinusoid 正弦的sinusoidal 正弦稳态sinusoidal steady state 支撑结构supporting structure 直径diameter 直流交流回路dc/ac circuit 值得考

虑的相当大的considerable 值守值班station 滞后lag 置入，嵌入embed 中间的intermediate 中性点, 中性线neutral 重合

闸reclosing 重要的主要的significant 周围periphery 轴axis 转而。随后in turn 转子，叶轮runner 转子rotor 装机容量installed generating capacity 装载着油的oil-laden 准稳态pseudo-steady-state 子系统subsystem 自动化的automatic 自感self-inductance 自耦变压器autotransformer 总合的resultant 阻抗impedance 组合，合并combination 最小的minimum Aa fraction of 几分之一abnormal 异常的，不规则的adaptable 适用的adjacent 相邻的advantageous 有利的agent 介质alleviate 减轻alternator 交流发电机ammeter 电流表ampere 安培analog computer 模拟计算机angular momentum 角动量angular velocity 角速度annealing 退火anode 正极阳极anticipate 预见到appliance 设备application 应用，使用approximately 大致的arc-suppressing 灭弧的are 电弧arrangement 布置安装associated 连接的关联的at…rate以…速度attachment 附着物automatic 自动化的autotransformer 自耦变压器auxiliary 辅助的 average load 平均负荷axis 轴Bback-up 备用，备份bare conductor 裸导线barrier 挡板base-loading 基本负荷blade 叶片boiler 锅炉brass 黄铜break up 断开breaker 断路器breaking down 击穿brushless excitation 无刷励磁bubble 气泡bulk-power 大功率容量bundle 一捆busbar 母线bus-coupler 母联bushing 套管bypass 旁路Ccancellation effect 抵消作用capacitance 电抗

cathode spot 阴极辉点cease 停断centrifugal force 离心力chamber 室，腔char 炭化characteristic 特征特性charring 焦化chimney 烟囱circuit breaker 断路器件clear 清除clearance 间隙coil 线圈combination 组合，合并combine 结合混合combustion 燃烧common winding 公用绕组complicated 复杂的component 部分condenser 凝汽器conduction current 传导电流conductivity 导电率considerable 值得考虑的相当大的constant 恒定的contact 接触contaminate 污染convection 对流convert 变换转换convert…into… 把…转换为…copper loss 铜损cord 软导线core 磁芯，铁心corona 电晕corridor 通路creepage 漏电critical 临界的，极限的cross section 截面cross-arm 横臂cumulus clouds 堆积云current 电流

current transformer 电流互感器D dam 大坝，水坝daily

load-demand curve 日负荷曲线damage 危害damped

oscillatory response 衰减振荡响应dc/ac circuit 直流交流回路decomposition 分解deenergize 去能deenergized 不带电的deenergizes 切断deionizing effect 去离子效应delivery 传输desirable 理想的destructive agency 破坏性因素deterioration 变质老化，变坏determine 测定diagram 图，简图diameter 直径dielectric 绝缘体,绝缘的dielectric strength 介电强度differential protection 差分保护dimension 尺寸，方面disconnect switch 隔离开关dispatcher

调度员distinction 识别，辨认distribution circuit 配电线路distribution network 配电网disturbance 扰动drum 汽包炉筒duplicate

大学英语(三)英译汉 汉译英

1. Those who accomplish their tasks carefully are worthy of praising. 那些认真完成工作的人都值得表扬 2. Children tend to believe that their fathers are infinitely resourceful and versatile. 孩子们通产会认为他们的父亲是个智多谋多才多艺的人 3. He was shivering from fear as if he had seen a ghost. 他恐惧的发抖就像看见鬼一样 4. His speech was constantly interrupted by applause. 他的讲话不断被掌声打断 5. People have proposed all sorts of hypotheses to explain why dinosaurs have become extinct. 人们提出各种各样的假说来解释恐龙为什么灭绝 6. The church dates back to 1173. 此教堂建于1173年 7. The wish of fully utilizing the natural resources will eventually come true. 充分利用自然资源的愿望终究会被实现的 8. The child was accustomed to having her way. 这个孩子已经习惯一意孤行 9. We should pay more attention to the conservation of rare animals. 我不该更加注重保护稀有动物 10. The institution set aside a large of amount of money for research and development. 研究所留有一大笔前日子研究和开发 11. We must try all means to block the spread of the epidemic. 我们不惜一切代价阻止流行病的蔓延 12. Our love can blow away the hazes involved around children in the disaster areas. 我们对灾区孩子的爱唤起了困扰他们的阴霾 13. The meeting between A and B took place in New York. A B对方在纽约开了会议 14. The bike was damaged beyond hope of repair. 自行车严重损坏已经修补好了 15. He found a niche in the academic world. 他在学术界有了一席之地 16. He wanted to build up a large company. 他想开一间大公司 17. Doctors connect crime with mental disorder. 医生认为犯罪与精神错乱有关 18. The contestant got the nod from the judges. 选手得到了裁判的同意 19. All good things must come to an end. 天下没有不散的宴席 20. The high cost prohibits the widespread use of the drug. 该药价昂贵限制了其他的应用 21. They have been trying their best to impart knowledge and offering help to those students who are eager to learn. 他们一直尽力向那些渴求知识的学生传授知识提供帮助

英语复习资料-英译汉(含中文对照)

英译汉 1.On an average of six time a day, a doctor in Holland practices “active” euthanasia: intentionally administering a lethal drug to a terminally ill patient who has asked to be relieved of suffering. https://www.sodocs.net/doc/143884693.html,st fall 19 distinguished British doctors wrote an open letter calling for the legalization of euthanasia for AIDS patients in the advanced stages of their illness. 3.Some zealous actions by pro-euthanasists have supplied ammunition to those who contend that legalizing active voluntary euthanasia would be the sin edge of the wedge for a variety of abuses. 4.Even in the Netherlands, the proposals now before Parliament would restrict euthanasia to a small number of cases and would surround even those with elaborate safe guards. 5. To many of us, gambling is, in many cases, a non-toxic drug against boredom and apathy, and may well help preserve good temper, patience and optimism, which will do us a world of good. 6. If a man makes gambling an obsession---almost a form of insanity---he will not lose his property gained through years of toil, he will also lose his dignity and conscience. 7.We can accomplish this by encouraging an interest in so many other activities that gambling itself will lose its fascination as an opiate to a colorless and dreary existence 8.The search for an answer brings you face to face with problems that are at once both the bane and lifeblood of virtually all research into human emotions. 9.Provine is one of the few researchers trying to go beyond anecdote and speculation by looking at laughter as an animal behaviorist might study birdsong or a wolf’s howl. 10.Politicians and other public speakers understand the power of laughter to break down barriers and forge a connection with their audience. A large part of President John Kennedy’s charm came from his ability to make jokes at his own expense, says Morreall. By inviting the audience to join him in laughter, Kennedy bridged much of the social gap between his wealthy, noble status and ordinary voters. Almost every after-dinner speaker opens with a joke for a similar reason. 11. But laughter can exclude as well as include, as another American president learnt to his cost. 12. That cultural imperialism is said to impose American values as well as products, promote the commercial at the expense of the authentic, and substitute shallow gratification for deeper satisfaction. 13. Globalization not only increases individual freedom, but also revitalizes cultures and cultural artifacts through foreign influences, technologies, and markets. Thriving cultures are not set in stone. They are forever changing from within and without. 14. But although many languages are becoming extinct, English is rarely to blame. 15. Where local languages are dying, it is typically national rivals that are stamping them out. French has all but eliminated Proven?al, and German Swabian. 16. Germans once objected to soccer because it was deemed English; now their soccer team is emblematic of national pride. 17. English may be all-conquering outside America, but in some parts of the United States, it is now second to Spanish.

汉译英翻译方法

汉译英三步骤： 1.理解原文 包括原文逐字逐句的理解、对原文整体思想、观点和态度的理解，也包括对原文句子之 间和各部分之间相互关系的理解。 2.英语表达 在正确理解原文的基础上进行的，不是一对一的死译，而是在理解原文的基础上用相应 的英语结构、词汇和表达习惯准确的表达原文的意思。 3.核对检查 认真阅读自己的译文，要用挑错的眼光来检查译文是否正确表达了原文的意思，是否有 漏译、错译，译文语法如时态、语态、单复数形式和拼写上是否有错误。 汉译英翻译技巧： 1.选择恰当的英语词汇 有些英语词汇不仅有字面意思，还有内含意思。 e.g.“国家”：country, nation, state, land 分别内涵：疆土、人民、政府、感情 有些英语词汇本身含有贬义或一些委婉的意思，运用时要特别注意。 e.g.“宣传”publicize, propaganda （带贬义） 汉译英选词原则： （1）选适合上下文的词汇 e.g.“观众”：audience,viewer, spectator 分别表示：听音乐会或看戏的观众、电视观众、看体育表演的观众 “条件”不同情况下应用不同的英语词表达： 工作条件：working condition 有利的条件：favorable situation 录取条件：admission requirement 付款条件：terms of payment 词汇选择首先要忠于原文的意思。 e.g.近年来由于就业问题日益严重，有些人建议让没有工作的未婚妇女来替换那些 家务繁重的女工。 “就业问题”：employment problem, unemployment problem（找不到工作就业已 成问题，即失业问题） “没有工作的妇女”: women without jobs, women hunting for jobs（没有工作又 需要找工作的妇女，不需找工作的并不包括在内） （2）要注意词的广义、狭义、具体的意思和抽象意思的不同 e.g. ①他讲的笑话逗得我们都笑了。 ②他讲的话使我们大家都笑了。 ①His joke made us laugh. ②What he said make us laugh. We all smile at what he said. （3）选词时不要望文生义，不要死译，要考虑与汉语对应的英语词汇真正的意思。 e.g.①他们的好奇心得到了满足。

西南大学18年12月[0169]《汉译英》参考资料

×??×××??×? CADBADCBC 1. Now I am the father of several children. I love children, but I don't have the idea of fathers of my predecessors. Helping children to old age is not enough. I praised the virtues of my fathers, but I couldn't follow them. I feel that my children are tired of me and I am bound to a great extent. I have no permanent plan for them, not even the shortest. "If someone asks, I'd like to give them away!" I often say, when I'm tired of children. Alas, compared with the fathers of the previous generation, I think our generation is poor in vitality. Our people in their twenties and thirties are not as strong as their predecessors in their sixties and seventies. Although they die of old age, they are really alive now and in the future. And we, though alive, are already dead. 2.George Clooney was undoubtedly one of Hollywood's most successful actors, but it wasn't until he married Amal Alamuddin that he suddenly joined forces to form another identity, a "working couple". Dual-career couples refer to two people who want to succeed in their respective fields while supporting each other's ambitions. This relationship takes many forms. Obviously, both of them may not have their own careers, but research shows that if you are now in partnership, you and your spouse have paid jobs in most cases. For example, about 48% of married couples in the United States are now "dual workers", compared with 25% in 1960. For families with children, the proportion would increase to 61%. In Britain, about two-thirds of families with two adults have two incomes

段落翻译练习-汉译英答案

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Exercise I. Translate the following sentences into English. 1.如今，作为东方艺术的一颗璀璨的明珠，京剧不仅在中国各地喜闻乐见，而且已被全世界人民广泛接受。 2.根据所表演角色的性别、年龄和社会地位的不同，演员角色分成四类：生（男角）、旦（女角）、净（花脸男角）、丑 （丑角）。 3.京剧的独特艺术魅力使它经久不衰：它创造了一种台上台下演员观众相互交融的美学欣赏与享受。 4.他曾成功地塑造了许多古代中国妇女的形象，完美地表现了她们的温柔、优雅和细腻。 5.梅兰芳也是把京剧介绍到国外的第一人。 6.作为中国的文化瑰宝，京剧必将获得全中国和全世界人民越来越多的喜爱。 Key to Exercise I. 1.Today, as one of the glowing pearls of oriental arts, not only has Beijing Opera been widely enjoyed all over China, it has also been well received all over the world. 2.According to the gender, age and social position of the different roles which they play, actors and actresses are divided into four categories: sheng (male roles), dan (female roles), jing (male roles with facial paintings) and chou (clowns). 3.The uniqueness of Beijing Opera makes its artistic charm so everlasting: the creation of an aesthetic co-appreciation between the actors and actresses on stage and the audience off stage. 4.Mei Lanfang had created very successfully various images of ancient Chinese women and expressed their tenderness, elegance and subtlety. 5.Mei Lanfang was also the first person who introduced Beijing Opera to foreign countries. 6.Being a great treasure of the Chinese culture, Beijing Opera will surely be more and more appreciated by people in China and in the whole world. Exercise II. Make a web advertisement in English, based on the information given in Chinese. 著名的京剧武生徐力先生最近接受了我们舞蹈学校的邀请，担任高级舞蹈教员。武生是京剧中的一个重要生角。武生的特点是武艺好，身手矫健敏捷。武生演员常通过在舞台上翻滚武打（tumbles, tweists, and somersaults）来表现他们高超的武艺。武生的动作准确有力，是大量艰苦训练的结果。 中国古典舞蹈和民族舞蹈的舞台技巧和身段（floor skills and postures）大多来自中国传统戏曲的武功（acrobatic skills）。我们舞蹈学校非常荣幸能够请到徐先生教授女子班毯子功(floor skills)和男子班的功夫课。有关课程安排请点击此网址。 Key to Ex. II Make a web advertisement in English, based on the information given in Chinese. A Rare Opportunity The famous Beijing Opera performer of Wu Sheng (acrobatic male role), Mr Xu Li, recently accepted an engagement with our Dancing School. Wu Sheng is a very important role in Beijing Opera. It requires a high level of acrobatic skills. Wu Sheng actors often show off their skills with tumbles, twists, and somersaults on the stage. These skills and movements require great precision in timing and strength, which takes a lot of training and exercise. Many of the floor skills and postures of classic and ethnic Chinese dances were originally from the acrobatic skills of traditional Chinese operas. Our dancing school is very fortunate to have Mr Xu Li to teach our Floor Skills class for girls and Kungfu class for boys. For class schedule, please click HERE. Exercise III. Translate the following sentences into English. 1.齐白石以革新水墨画和毕生献身于这项中国的传统艺术形式而闻名于世。 2.他在几天后把那幅画重画了很多次，但是总比不上他当天即兴完成的作品。 3.兰亭序的极高的艺术价值促使更多书法家临摹王羲之的字体。 4.一个好的书法家所写出来的字必须充满生气，活力并具备完美的形体。 5.书法是一门艺术，它需要清醒的头脑以及对毛笔有全面的掌握。 6.这个年轻演员认识到自己的演技还差，无法与他老师的演技相提并论。 Key Exercise III.

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2.Much of our morality is customary. 我们大部分的道德观念都有习惯性。 3.Reading makes a full man; conference a ready man; and writing an exact man. 读书使人充实，讨论使人机智，笔记使人精确。 4.Histories make men wise; poets witty; the mathematics subtle; natural philosophy deep; moral grave; logic and rhetoric able to contend. 读史使人明智，读诗使人灵秀，数学使人周密，科学使人深刻，伦理使人庄重，逻辑修辞之学使人善辩。 5. 没有调查研究就没有发言权。 He who makes no investigation and study has no right to speak. (No investigation, no right to speak.) 6. 虚心使人进步, 骄傲使人落后。 Modesty helps one to go forward, whereas conceit makes one lag behind. 7. 留得青山在, 不怕没柴烧。 So long as green hills remain, there will never be a shortage of firewood. 8. 班门弄斧 Showing off one’s proficiency with the axe before Lu Ban the master carpenter. 9. 三个臭皮匠, 顶个诸葛亮。

考博英语英译汉、汉译英专项练习(含详解)2

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汉译英口译文字材料

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