阅读教程3翻译答案

第1单元

●Translation

1 Today you will emerge from the nurturing confines of academia to face the real world.

今天你们将离开培育你们的学术环境,直面真实的世界。

2 Now that you’re leaving school, you can finally go about getting an education.

你们即将离开学校,终于可以开始接受教育了。

3 Try finding a conservative professor—it’s easier to spot a yeti. Challenge the orthodox views of political correctness and you’ll get labeled some pretty nasty things.

想找到一位保守的教授,那比要找到一个雪人还难。若想挑战一些有关政治正确性的正统观点,那你将污名缠身。

4 If you don’t believe me, try asking the people who went broke chasing the theory that dotcoms were a certain path to riches. Reality intervened.

如果你不相信我的话,那不妨去问一问那些因奉信网络公司是通往财富之路这

5 Welcome, then, to the unsentimental world we all live in. It’s not so bad once you’ve left your pipe dreams at the door.

因此,欢迎你来到我们生活的这个理性的世界。一旦你把那些白日梦拒之门外,你就会发现这个世界并不是太糟。

第2单元

●Translation

1 Is love an art? Then it requires knowledge and effort. Or is love a pleasant sensation, which to experience is a matter of chance, something one “falls into” if one is lucky?

爱是一种艺术吗?如果是,它就需要靠知识和努力来争取。或者爱是一种愉快的感受,能否体验到它是机率的问题,如果一个人运气好就能够“坠入爱河”?

2 Most people see the problem of love primarily as that of “being loved,”rather than that of “loving,”of one’s capacity to love. Hence the problem to them is how to be loved, how to be lovable.大多数人认为爱这个问题主要是被爱,而不是主动去爱,或者主动去爱的能力。因此,他们的问题便是如何被爱,怎样变得招人爱。

3 A second premise behind the attitude that there is nothing to be learned about love is the assumption that the problem of love is the problem of an “object,” not the problem of a “faculty.”

关于爱没有什么可学,这一想法背后的第二个前提是一个假设,此假设认为爱的问题是对象的

问题,而不是能力的问题。

4 I am out for a bargain; the object should be desirable from the standpoint of its social value, and at the same time should want me, considering my overt and hidden assets and potentialities.

我来做一笔交易:爱的对象从他的社会价值来看应该是理想的,与此同时他也应该出于对我显性的和隐性的资质和潜力的考虑而接纳我。

5 The two persons become well acquainted; their intimacy loses more and more its miraculous character, until their antagonism, their disappointments, their mutual boredom kill whatever is left of the initial excitement.

两个人变得很熟悉了,他们的亲密感越来越多地失去了神秘色彩,直到他们的对抗、失望和彼此的厌倦抹杀了最初兴奋感消逝后残留下来的点滴东西。

6 This attitude — that nothing is easier than to love — has continued to be the prevalent idea about love in spite of the overwhelming evidence to the contrary.

爱是再简单不过的事,这一观点至今仍然十分盛行,尽管有大量证据与此相悖。

第3单元

Translation

1 He put his Times down carefully on his lap and turned his fine, lean face toward the man, smiling the shy, apologetic smile he might have offered a student in pointing out an error in his thinking.

莫顿把《纽约时报杂志》小心地放在腿上,转过那张精致而清瘦的脸对着那人,脸上带着腼腆、歉意的微笑,像在指点学生的错误一般对那男人讲道理。

2 His insolent voice was edged with menace.

他那傲慢的话音里透着威胁。。

3 At once Larry came to life; his face lost its rapt expression and he began to kick and cry.

拉里顿时回过神来;他脸上没了那呆愣的表情,开始又哭又闹。

4 Yet beneath it there was a layer of something else, something heavy and inescapable. She sensed that it was more than just an unpleasant incident, more than defeat of reason by force.

但她内心深处有种感觉,既沉重又无法回避。她感觉这不仅仅是一次不愉快的遭遇,也不仅仅是理性败于武力。

5 She felt as if all three of them were tracking mud along the street.

她感觉就像他们三人边走边留下了一路的泥脚印

6 “If you can’t discipline this child, I will,” Morton snapped, making a move toward the boy.

“如果你管不了这孩子,我来管,”莫顿一边愤愤地说,一边向着儿子迈了一步。

第4单元

Translation

1 I always believed that my parents had a good marriage, but just before I, the youngest of four children, turned sixteen, my belief was sorely tested.

我一直深信我父母的婚姻很美满,但是当我——四个孩子中最小的一个——快满十六岁的时候,我的这种想法受到了严峻的考验。

2 I told him that I was praying for him and wanted him to know that, no matter what, Jesus and I loved him.

我告诉他我正在为他祈祷,而且希望他知道,无论发生什么,上帝和我都会爱他。

3 Early the next morning, as my dad left our house; I sneaked out to the car and slipped my letter into one of his bags.

第二天清晨,我趁父亲走出房子的时候,偷偷溜到小汽车里,把这封信放进他其中的一个背包里。

4 In the last sixteen years of my parent’s marriage, I and all those who knew my mom and dad witnessed one of the truly “great” marriages.

在父母亲婚姻的最后16年里,所有认识我父母亲的人以及我,都见证了这段真正美满的婚姻

5 When Mom and Dad received the news from the doctor that his heart was deteriorating rapidly, they took it hand in hand, side by side, all the way.

当父母亲从医生那里得知父亲的心脏正在快速衰竭的时候,他们始终手牵手,肩并肩地一起面对疾病。

6 I remember a promise that was made many years ago between a young man and his bride on their wedding day, and I remember the unspoken promise that was made between a father and his daughter.

我记得许多年前一名年轻男子与他的新娘在结婚那天许下的誓言,我记得一个父亲和他女儿之间无言的承诺。

第5单元

●Translation

1 It had its own problems in that I was ridiculed for my accent and was demeaned as someone who spoke in a funny way.

这件事有其自身的问题,原因是别人嘲笑我的口音并贬损我讲话很滑稽。

2 But the heart of it has always been communicating, whether it’s communicating through books, through columns, and now through the Huffington Post.

但是其核心一直是交流,无论是通过书本、专栏还是现在通过《赫芬顿邮报》的交流。

3 I was struck by how often, when I asked women to blog for the Huffington Post, they had a hard time trusting that what they had to say was worthwhile, even established writers.

当我请一些女性为《赫芬顿邮报》写博客时,即便是知名作家,都难以相信自己要说的话是有价值的,这让我震惊。

4 We put such a premium on being approved of, we become reluctant to take risks.

我们太过重视别人的认可,变得不愿冒风险。

5 But, at the same time, it’s very important for them to feel the freedom to be excited by things that are not exciting to me.

但同时,让她们感到可以自由地为有些事情而兴奋,这很重要,虽然这些事情并不让我激动。III. Summary

Complete the following statements with words and expressions from the box. Use their proper forms.

1 At present, women are still working at trying to overcome the internalized fear that power and womanliness are mutually exclusive.

2 In the case of the author, Arianna Huffington, she had an easier time dealing with this fear. As she grew up in Greece, she never had the overwhelming notions that may have stopped British girls from becoming a woman leader.

第6单元

●Translation

1 I have made it a rule, whenever in my power, to avoid becoming the draughtsman of papers to be reviewed by a public body.

我定了个规矩；在职期间尽可能避免担任任何会被某公众团体审阅的文件的起草人。

2 Whereas, whenever kings, instead of protecting the lives and properties of their subjects, as is their bounden duty, do endeavor to perpetrate the destruction of either, they thereby cease to be kings, become tyrants, and dissolve all ties of allegiance between themselves and their people.

如果国王未尽其应尽之职，保护臣民的生命与财产，反而肆意毁坏他们的生命或财产，那么这样的国王就不再是国王，而是暴君，臣民将不再效忠他。

3 And he built his case, in a manner more sophisticated than Franklin would have, on a contract between government and the governed that was founded on the consent of the people.

他将自己的论证建立在一种尊重人民意愿的，由政府和被统治者共同达成的协议之上，这种论证的方式可能比富兰克林更老练。

4 In what became known as “Hume s fork”, the great Scottish philosopher had developed a theory that distinguished between “synthetic” truths that describe matters of fact (such as “London is bigger than Philadelphia”) and “analytic” truths that are so by virtue of reason and definition (“the angles of a triangle total 180 degrees”; “all bachelors are unmarried”).

在后来所谓的“休谟之叉”理论中，这位伟大的苏格兰哲学家提出了一种理论，对“合成型”事实和“解析型”事实进行区分。“合成型"事实对事实进行描述(如“伦敦比费城大")，“解析型"事实是经由推理和定义证明的事实(如“三角形的内角之和是180度”，“所有单身汉都未婚”)。

5 By using the word “sacred”, Jefferson had implied, intentionally or not, that the principle in question — the equality of men and their endowment by their creator with inalienable rights —was an assertion of religion.

不论是有意还是无意,杰斐逊使用“神圣”一词都暗示了该原则---即人人平等,造物主赋予所有人不可剥夺的权利的原则----是一种宗教原则。

第7单元

Translation

1 I told him I have less faith in the magic and more in the discriminating taste of my kids.

我告诉他，我不相信这样的魔法，我更相信孩子们的辨别力。

2 I have this empty feeling that in our search for ways to make parenting easier, we’re ready to accept some pretty blunt electronic instruments.

为了使对子女的教育变得更容易，我们做父母的往往乐意接受一些会带来很多负面影响的电子工具，这使我感到茫然。

3 Block my children’s access to discussion about violence or alternative lifestyles, and they will

not be tempted.

不让我的孩子们接触有关暴力或另类生活方式的讨论，那么他们就不会诱惑。

4 This promise does not cover the unsupervised opinion in chat rooms and bulletin board services, and that is scary to many parents.

这一承诺并未涵盖聊天室里及公告栏（BBS）上那些不受监督的观点，这正是许多家长感到害怕的。

5 My bet is that pornographers will gladly disclose their triple-X ratings and go happily about their publishing.

我敢打赌，色情内容制作者会很高兴地公开并心安理得地发行他们手上的色情资料。

6 These a re awfully crude tools, I say, and reflective more of someone else’s judgment than mine about what should be in my home.

我认为这些是相当粗陋的工具；对于在我自己家里究竟允许看到什么，这些软件反映的是他人的判断而不是我的观点。

第8单元

Translation

1 America’s biggest export is no longer the fruit of its fields or the output of its factories, but the mass-produced products of its popular culture.

美国最主要的出口商品不再是农产品或工业品，而是其大规模生产的流行文化产品。

2 While intellectuals debate the benefits and disadvantages of this dominance, the penetration of U.S. culture in a post-Cold War world in which scores of countries have abandoned state controls for policies of free trade and free markets is beyond dispute.

尽管学界还在为美国流行文化一统天下之利弊争论不休，但在冷战结束后，在许多国家放弃了计划经济，转而采取自由贸易和自由市场的政策之后，美国文化在全世界的渗透已经是不争的事实。

3 A distinctly American invention —the multiplex movie theater —has been popping up all across Europe, Asia and Latin America.

多剧场影院本是美国的独特发明，而如今这种影院已遍布欧洲、亚洲和拉丁美洲。

4 As recently as 1991, India, home to nearly one billion people, had only the dry, state-run Doordarshan TV network; now satellite TV rains down a dozen more channels to the subcontinent.

直到1991年，人口近10亿的印度还只有全印电视台这一家国营电视台在播放着枯燥无味的节目，而现在，卫星电视已给这片次大陆迅速增加了十几个频道。

5 In Cuba, which has long tried to eradicate the “stain” of American influence, illegal home satellite dishes have sprouted like aluminum flowers along the northern coast, pulling down sports, news and entertainment programs emanating from the capitalist Goliath.

古巴长期以来一直在努力根除美国影响力的“污染”，但在其北方海岸，非法安装的家用卫视碟形天线已如铝制花朵般遍地绽放，接收着来自资本主义巨人——美国——的体育、新闻和娱乐节目。

6 Global consumerism and expanding channels of distribution may create more demand for entertainment, but neither says much about why people around the world prefer the American variety to that produced in, say, Venezuela or Japan or France.

全球化的消费主义和不断拓展的销售渠道也许会制造出更多的娱乐需求，但这两个原因都不能说明为什么在全球范围内，人们更喜欢美国的文化产品，而不是其他国家——比如说，委内瑞拉、日本或法国——的文化产品。

7 This leads to the inevitable chicken-and-egg question: Is American pop riding on the coattails of English or is it causing the spread of English around the world?

这必然会引出鸡和蛋谁先谁后的问题：究竟是美国流行文化沾了英语的光，还是流行文化推动了英语在全世界的传播？

8 A war that was lost with bullets a generation ago is now being won with movies and compact discs.

上一代人用枪炮没能打赢的战争现在正依靠电影和光碟赢回来。

9 The mighty cash flows that U.S. companies enjoy from their wealthy, continent-wide market supply the financial muscle to buy the latest filmmaking technology, and to cram even more stars, costumes and crowd-pleasing special effects into their products.

富裕的、横跨整个大陆的市场为美国公司提供了强大的资金流，使得它们有足够的财力购买最新的电影制作技术、网罗更多的明星、添置更多华丽的服饰、运用更多让观众津津乐道的特效。

10 What’s more, most of the majors are controlled by conglomerates that have interests in publishing, theme parks and other businesses that provide financial insulation from the inevitable flops the studios turn out.

除此之外，各主要电影公司一般都掌握在大型联合企业手中，这些企业的经营范围包括出版、

主题公园和其他领域，这使得它们有能力承受制片厂拍出的烂片所造成的不可避免的损失。

《实用翻译教程》学习辅导书-第1~3章【圣才出品】

第1章总论 1.1 复习笔记 一、翻译的定义 翻译是用一种语言形式把另一种语言形式里的内容重新表现出来的语言实践活动，可分为口头和书面两种。 二、翻译的目的 翻译作为一门课程，其目的就是在掌握汉语和英语这两种语言的基础上，结合不断的翻译实践，学习翻译中的各种技巧，提高翻译水平。 三、翻译的标准 1. 清代严复：信、达、雅 忠实于原著，译文流畅，文字典雅。 2. 傅雷：文学翻译的“传神”论 “以效果而论，翻译应当像临画一样，所求的不在形似而在神似。”译文同原文在内容上一致，这叫“意似”，是翻译的最低标准；译文同原文在形式和精神上同时一致，这叫“形似”和“神似”，是翻译的最高标准。“形似”和“神似”不可兼得之时，可摆脱原文形式，追求译文和原文的“神似”。 3. 钱钟书：翻译的“化境”之说 原文向译文的“投胎转世”，文字形式虽然换了，而原文的思想、感情、风格、神韵都

化到了译文的境界里，丝毫不留下翻译的痕迹，让读者读译作就像在读原作一样。“化境”是比“传神”更高的翻译标准。 四、翻译的条件 1. 汉语功底要好。要学好汉语，一方面可借助于教材，掌握汉语语法，另一方面可读一些优秀的文学作品，学习地道的汉语表达方法。 2. 英语语言能力要强。一方面要掌握全面的英语语法知识，另一方面要有很大的词汇量。 3. 知识面要广。博览群书，增加自己的百科知识。对于政治、经济、文化、等方面的知识都要有一定的了解。

第2章语义翻译 2.1 复习笔记 一、理解中的选义 英语中的一词多义、汉语中的一字多义是常见的语言现象。越是常用的字和词语，越是拥有繁多的释义和搭配，所以这就需要我们依靠具体的上下文来判断某一个字或词语的意义。一字多义和一字多种搭配在汉语里也是相当常见的。在进行翻译时，我们更多地要借助于上下文，从下文入手来理解字和词语。 有的时候，上下文不一定是完整的长句或一大段话，上下文可以是一个短短的词组或是一个紧凑的固定搭配。也就是说，我们可以根据两三个字或词语来确定某一个字或词语的意义。 二、表达中的选词 在翻译过程中，有了正确的理解并不等于翻译已经完成。正确的理解是翻译中正确表达的基础；没有正确的理解，正确的表达也就无从谈起。反之，翻译没有正确的表达，正确的理解也是枉然，翻译也就不成其为翻译。如果说理解是在原文中选义的过程，那么表达就是在译文中选词的过程。选词就是在译文里寻找最恰当的表达方法。 1. 同义词或近义词的选择 一般来说，选词是在一组同义词或近义词之间进行。 一个词在译文里的同义词和近义词越多，越有可能把它翻译得比较精确，在选词时要注意原文与译文在文体、语域、比喻形象和感情色彩上的对应程度。

大学英语阅读教程2答案

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