英语精读下1-2-3-6-8-9翻译作业

英语精读下1-2-3-6-8-9翻译作业

Unit1

Ⅳ. Translation

It is evident that many branches of applied science are practical extensions of purely theoretical or experimental work, thus the study of radioactivity began as a piece of pure research, but its results are now applied in a great number of different ways—in cancer treatment in medicine, the development of fertilizers in agriculture, the study of metal fatigue in engineering, in methods of estimating the ages of objects in anthropology and geology, etc.

A.另一方面，应用科学直接涉及将纯科学的有效定律（即理论科学——译注）

应用于生活实践，应用于人对自身环境的控制，从而导致新技术、新工艺、以及新机器设备的发展。像这样一些活动，如研究材料的强度和用途，将纯数学的研究结果扩大用于改进农业或社会科学采用的抽样过程，以及发掘原子能的种种潜力，这些都是应用科学家，即技术专家的工作的事例。显然，许多应用科学实际上都是由纯理论和实验工作发展而来的。例如，对放射性的研究开始时是作为一项纯理论来研究的。但是其成果现在则应用于很多不同方面：在医学中治疗癌，在农业中研制化肥，在工程学中研究金属疲劳，在人类学和地质学中估算研究对象的年龄等等。

B. 1. 超级市场连同消费者都遭到了通货膨胀的沉重打击。

2. 这座金属塔的用途是把电视信号传送到边远的山村。

3. 他14 岁时第一次以钢琴家身份登台表演。

4. 不管凭什么借口，外人都不得入内。

5. 谎言再多也无法掩盖事实。

6. 教学改革以来，我们学校的学科发展得到了进一步加强，整体学科布局得到了进一步优化。学科的整合促进了多学科间的相互影响。我们还建立了一些跨学科组织。在此基础上，我们学校建立和改建了许多科研和技术转让的平台，为多学科和跨学科的发展和研究提供了更有利的条件。

B. 1. Supermarkets along with customers have been hard hit by inflation.

2. This metal tower is used to relay television signals to distant mountainous villages.

3. He made his debut as a pianist at the age of 1

4.

4. Upon no pretext whatever may any outsider gain admission.

5. No amount of lies can conceal (cover up) the facts.

6. Since the educational reform, the discipline development in our university has been further strengthened and overall discipline arrangement optimized. The integration of disciplines has promoted the multi-discipline interaction. Several new cross-disciplinary groups have been set up. On this basis, our university has established and improved a number of scientific platforms for research and technology transfer, thus providing more favorable conditions for multi-disciplinary or cross-disciplinary development and research.

Unit2

Ⅳ. Translation (English to Chinese)

No young man believes he shall ever die. There is a feeling of eternity in youth, which makes us amend for everything. To be young is to be one of the Immortal Gods. One half of time indeed is flown— the other half remains in store for us with all its countless treasures; for there is no line drawn, and we see no limit to our hopes and wishes. We make the coming age our own.“The vast, the unbounded prospect lies before us.” We look round in a new world, full of life, and motion, and ceaseless progress; and feel in ourselves all the vigor and spirit to keep pace with it, and do not foresee from any present symptoms how we shall be left behind in the natural course of things, decline into old age, and drop into the grave.

没有一个年轻人相信他是要死的。青春时期有一种永恒的感觉，使我们能自我纠正，适应一切事物。年轻人酷似神仙。虽半生一晃就过去了，还有下半生带着无限的宝藏给我们储备着，因为前程远大，希望无穷；这个新的时代是属于我们年轻人的。“一个远大无边的前景展开在我们面前。”我们环顾周围这个新的世界，充满着生命，活跃和不断的进步；我们自身感到朝气蓬勃，精神焕发，紧跟时代步伐。没有任何征兆会使我们预感到有朝一日，自己行将落伍，沦入老年，而最终掉进墓穴中去。

Ⅴ. Translation (Chinese to English)

1.阅读（提供）给心灵的只是知识材料，思维才能把我们所读的东西变成自己的（东西）。

2.建筑房屋应该使空气自由流通，且有充足的阳光照射。

3.不管干哪一行，每个开始出来谋生的青年人只有一条安全的路好走。

4.写文章时，一定要把自己的观点仔细讲清楚。

5.虽然这样一个极端的议案通过的可能性不大，但这一事实意味着我们很快会在全国范围内面临这个问题。

6.有人主张濒临死亡的、极端痛苦的病人应该可以要求他（或她）的医生开一个致命的大剂量药物处方。这种主张有什么错误呢？首先，如果止痛药大量地、恰当地使用，那么所有的病人就都能止痛了。不可否认，在有些情况下剂量不得不加得很大，以至于引起呼吸困难导致猝死。但是，用药的目的是止痛而不是致死。如果病人由于大量用药而死亡，这当然是一个很严重的问题。

1.Reading offers the mind only the materials of knowledge; but thinking makes everything we read our own.

2. Houses should be built to allow for enough fresh air and sunlight.

3.There is only one safe way for any young person entering the job market, no matter what he does.

4.One should set out one's points of argument clearly when one is writing. When you write, you must state explicitly your points of argument. When you write an article, be sure to set out the points of your argument carefully.

5.Though the chance of having so radical a proposition passed is small, the fact means that we will soon be confronted with this problem nationwide.

6.Some people think that a dying patient in agony should be allowed to

ask for a lethal overdose from his doctor. What's wrong with this idea? First of all, if pain medication is administered in large and right amount, all the patients will be relieved of their pain. It is a fact that in some cases overdose may cause breathing problems and thus result in the patient's abrupt death. But medication is for pain killing, not for body killing. It poses a big problem if a patient is killed because of overdose.

Unit3

Ⅳ. Translation (English to Chinese)

If one considers the enormous variety of courses offered, it is not hard to see how difficult it is for a student to select the course most suited to his interests and abilities. If a student goes to university to acquire a broader perspective of life, to enlarge his ideas and to learn to think for himself, he will undoubtedly benefit.School often has too restricting atmosphere, with its timetable and disciplines, to allow him much time for independent assessment of the work he is asked to do. Most students would, I believe, profit by a year or so’s exploration of different academic studies, especially those “all-rounders” wit h no particular interest.

学校的气氛，由于受课程表和纪律的约束，往往令人感到过于拘束，使学生没有充分的时间对规定要他做的事情有独立的见解。我认为大多数的学生，尤其是那些没有偏重某一门课程的“全面发展的学生”，经过一年左右的时间对各门不同学科的钻研，将会从中受益。

Ⅴ. Translation (Chinese to English)

1.聪明的动物依情况或环境的需要而改变自己的行为，但人类能有意识地改变

自己的行为。

Clever animals change their action to adopt with the environment. But human beings can change our action by a sense.

2.在回避接受不愉快的任务方面他已是老手了。

He is sophisticated coming to skirt unhappy tasks.

3.世界人口分布不均匀正是世界自然资源分布不均匀的一个反映。

It is the unbalance that the population locates that leads to the unbalance of development.

4.这篇文章完稿40年后成为了美国评论的里程碑。

This article became a landmark of criticism after finished 40 years ago.

5.农民不使用新技术不仅仅是因为愚昧，现在的风俗习惯的压力也是原因之

一。

Farmers who do not use new technology is not because of their awareness. One of the reasons is the pressure of present customs.

6.从本质上来说，一个人从出生的第一天起，他（她）的健康就直接受到家庭的影响。母亲的哺育、家庭居住条件、家庭环境、父母相处是否和谐、生活水平如何、家庭教育以及生活模式等等，都会从生理、心理两个方面，对生长发育和健康素质起着相当大的作用。

A person's health is affected by family after he was birthed. Mother's

breed, the living conditions, the cooperation of parents, the living principle, the education and so on are playing a main role on a person.

Unit6

Ⅳ. Translation (English to Chinese)

Culture shock is the effect that immersion in a strange culture has on the unprepared visitor. Peace Corps volunteers suffer from it in Borneo or Brazil. Marco Polo probably suffered from it in Cathay. Culture shock is what happens when a traveler suddenly finds himself in a place where yes may mean no, where a "fixed price" is negotiable, where laughter may signify anger.

It is what happens when the familiar psychological cues that help an individual to function in society are suddenly withdrawn and replaced by new ones that are strange or incomprehensible.

文化冲击是无准备的客居者浸润在陌生文化中所受的影响。和平队志愿者在婆罗洲或巴西时有此经历。马可·波罗在中国时可能也有此经历。文化冲击是客居者突然发现自己处于一个说“是”可能意味“不”的地方，一个“固定价格”可以商量的地方或一个大笑可以表示愤怒的地方时所发生的情况。每当那些习以为常，有助于个人在社会中正常活动的心理刺激准则突然被取消，而被一些陌生的或不可理解的新的刺激准则所取代时，就出现了文化冲击。Ⅴ. Translation (Chinese to English)

1.他做此事既为自己也为儿子。(as much… as…)

2.他连一种外语都不懂，同这么多外国人在一起感到很不自在。(like a fish out of water)

3. 医生说他的病情同昨天差不多。(much the same)

4.我设法和他办公室联系时，他正巧在家休假。(on leave)

5.我们以为她只是来看我们。看来她要永远住下去。

6.学外语要为突破生字难关，至少要记5 000字，此外多多益善。生字除了死记没有什么别的办法。你们十几二十岁的青年记性好，过了30岁记生字就困难了。记生字就要下苦功夫，没有什么捷径可走。一个生字要读许多遍，要多和它见面，还要运用它，才能记住。

1.He did it not only for himself but also for his son.

2.He doesn't know any foreign languages, and he felt like a fish out of water when he stayed with a lot of foreign people.

3.The doctor diagnosed that his condition of illness is much the same as that yesterday.

4.He was just on leave at home when I managed to contact him at the office.

5.We thought she just called on us in the beginning, but judged from the situation, she must be prepared to live here forever.

6.You need to remember 5000 words to break down the barrier of vocabulary to study English. Of course, the more you remember, the better it will be. The only method is to remember these words by heart. It is easier to youth at their teens or twenties than to those over thirty. There is no shortcut but making great efforts. Remembering a word, beside reading

and seeing it more and more times, you also need to use it often.

Unit8

Ⅳ. Translation (English to Chinese)

The situation has indeed been reached in many fields where, owing to this chaos in publication and communication, it is easier to find out a new fact or build up a new theory than to find out whether these have been observed or deduced before. This does not, of course, prevent the exercise of scientific ingenuity.What it does is to reduce that exercise to social futility, and although the individual pleasure in scientific research is an intrinsic one, and is quite independent of whether what is discovered is new or even whether it is true, nevertheless a complete scientific life is impossible without a justified consciousness of the value of the work, if not the community, at least to the world of science. 在许多领域里，由于出版与交流秩序的混乱，已经出现了这样的局面：发现―个新的事实或建立一个新的理论，竟然比查明这个新的事实或新的理论以前是否有人观察到或推断过要来得容易。当然，这种情况虽然没有妨碍科学智慧的运用，但却不能使它产生社会效益。科学家在科学研究中的个人乐趣是固有的，并不因为他们的发现是否是新的，或是否是真实的而受到影响。然而，如果一个科学家意识不到他的工作的价值(即使不是对全社会，至少是对自然科学界)，那他的科学生涯就不可能是完美的。

Ⅴ. Translation (Chinese to English)

1.闲暇时读本好书是一种既使你感到轻松又使你精神上感到满足的消遣 (活动 )。(both ... and ...)

2.此外 ,他们还争辩说他们的论点都是正确的 ,因为他们占有的资料比我们多。(more ... than)

3.我本人就从不理解为什么他们那样做是“对”的 ,而我们这样做是“错”的。(for one)

4.所有这些收集到的孤立的数据被输入电脑 ,并在那里被合并为互相联系的整体。(put … into; fuse ... into ...)

5.任何生活都是写作的原始材料。一个作家或就此写出绝妙之作，或就此写出平庸之篇。(either… or…)

6.知识可以通过交谈、看电视或旅游来获得，但最深入、最经常的途径是读书。如果你从小就学会爱书，那么你会永远保持读书的习惯，但如果你没有这种好运气养成爱读书的习惯，你就会认为读书是件讨厌的事。理想的教育制度应该陪学生酷爱学习，而不是只为获取事实；应该鼓励探索的精神。

1.It is a good pastime to read a good book, which will make you feel both relaxed and spiritually contented.

2.Besides, they argued that their points are all in the right, for the data they possessed are more than we had.

3. I, for one have never been able to understand why it should be "correct" for them to do it in this way and "incorrect" for us to do it in that way.

4.All the isolated data collected by them were put into the computer,

where they were fused into an interrelated whole.

5.Any kind of life is the raw material of writing. A writer can write either an ingenious work or a commonplace one out of it.

6.Knowledge may be acquired through conversation, watching television or traveling, but the deepest and most consistent way is through reading. If you have learnt to love books as a child, the reading habit will never desert you. But if this has not been your good fortune, you tend to think of reading as a bore. Ideally then, a school system should be in which the love of learning, rather than the acquisition of facts, is cultivated; one in which the spirit of enquiry is encourage.

Unit9

Ⅳ. Translation (English to Chinese)

It is true that as a social organization moves from the simple to the complex, so does the organization through which it educates its children. Growth and change are vital if education is to meet new needs and demands. In a very simple social order, it may suffice to have the parents carry on the education of their children.However, as will be shown later in more detail, such a method may become entirely untenable, and special individuals are entrusted with the task. These may be hired privately first, but soon the social group, the church, village and the like—will be responsible for education Eventually, special training is required for those who do the teaching, and an agency to control this training is needed. Thus the influence of the local government unit, such as the town, and later the state or the province, become necessary.

正如社会组织由简单变为复杂一样，社会用来教育儿童的组织也经历如此变化，这一点是千真万确的。如果教育要满足新的需求，发展和变革是至关重要的。在非常简单的社会秩序中，让家长对孩子进行教育就足够了。然而，正如以后要仔细阐述的那样，这样的方法可能会变得完全难以支持，而要委托一些专职的人来完成这项任务。这些人最初可能是以私人的方式雇佣的，但是，很快社会组织、教会、村镇以及其他类似的组织将会负责教育。结果，就要求对从事教育的人进行专门培训，也需要建立专门机构来管理培训。这样，像镇、以及后来的州或省这样的地方政府机构的影响也就很必要了。

Ⅴ. Translation (Chinese to English)

1.缺乏对局势的透彻了解使他们很难对情况迅速做出结论。

2.声音太小了 , 不可能断定是什么声音以及是从哪里来的。

3.长期与强放射线接触是造成居里夫人 1934年逝世的原因。

4.当孩子们看见大熊猫时 , 他们是如此激动 , 简直不肯离开笼子。

5.除了窗户以外 , 房子其他部分的情况还好。

6.在过去几十年中 , 发生了许多变化。孩子们可以得到更好的医疗保健 , 而且教育已不再是为有限的少数人所专有的了。有人说教育儿童的钟摆已远远地摆向纵容区一边，以致许多孩子在脱离社会的环境中成长。他们不尊重法律，也不听从父母。

1.A lack of thorough understanding of the situation made it very difficult

for them to reach a quick conclusion.

2. The noise was so low that it was impossible to decide what it was and where it had come from.

3.The prolonged exposure to strong radiation is said to have caused Madame Curie's death in the year 193

4.

4.When the kids saw the giant pandas, they were so excited that they refused to leave the cage.

5.The rest of the house is in good condition except for the window.

6.The past few decades have seen many changes. Children can enjoy better medical care and education is no longer the province of the privileged few. Some people say that children's education has been one of permissiveness, which has made many children grow in an environment separate from the real world. They show no respect for law and their parents.

英语精读第二册课文翻译

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翻译答案大学英语精读第二册

Unit1 1.她砰地关上门，一声不吭地走了，他们之间那场争执就此结束。 Their argument ended when she slammed the door and left without a word. 2. 出席晚宴的客人对那个美国人威严的语气感到有点意外。 The guests at the dinner party were slightly surprised at the commanding tone of the American. 3. 约翰尼已长大成熟，不再害怕独自呆在家里了。 Johnny has outgrown the fear of staying at home alone. 4. 当全部乘客都向出口处(exit) 走去时，他却独自留在座位上，好像不愿意离开这架飞机似的。 While all the other passengers made for the exit, he alone remained in his seat as if unwilling to leave the plane. 5. 这封信必须交给威尔逊博士本人。 The letter is to be handed to Dr. Wilson himself. 6. 南希虽然很想参加辩论，但腼腆得不敢开口。 While she felt like joining in the argument, Nancy was too shy to open her mouth. 7. 你觉得什么时候最有可能在家里找到他？ What do you think is the likeliest time to find him at home? 8. 猎人一看见有只狐狸从树丛中出现并向他设下(lay) 的陷阱(trap) 方向跑去，脸上顿时闪出了兴奋的表情。 The hunter’s face lit up with excitement as soon as he saw a fox emerge from among the bushes and run in the direction of / make for the trap he had laid. Unit2 1) 会上有人建议任命一个十一人委员会来制定新章程。 It was suggested at the meeting that a committee of eleven be appointed to make a new constitution. 2) 这些青年科学家通过现场观察，获得了研究工作所需的第一手资料。 By making on-the-spot observations, the young scientists obtained first-hand information they needed in their research work. 3) 他很可能会因视力不好而被拒收入伍。 It is very likely that he will be rejected by the army because of his bad eyesight. 4) 委员会成员在新机场最佳选址(location) 这一问题上持有不同意见。 The committee members have conflicting opinions as to the best location of the new airport. 5) 亨利创作的艺术品在许多方面比他兄弟的要好。 Henry's works of art are superior in many respects to those of his brother's. 6) 我们产品质量的稳步提高在很大程度上是由于设备有所改进。 The steady rise in the quality of our products owes much to the improvement of our equipment. 7) 吉姆本想按照自己的判断行事，但他没有这样做，因为作为军人他得服从命令。 Jim would have preferred to act on his own judgment, but he didn't because as a soldier he had to obey the order. 8) 如果让我来决定我们是要一个没有自行车的城市呢，还是要一个没有汽车的城市，我会毫不犹豫地选择后者。 Were it left to me to decide whether we should have a city without bikes or one without cars, I should not hesitate a moment to prefer the latter. Unit3

大学英语精读2课文翻译

Unit1 The Dinner Party 晚宴 那个美国人没有参加这场争论，他只是注视着在座的其他客人。在他这样观察时，他发现女主人的脸上显出一种奇异的表情。她两眼盯着正前方，脸部肌肉在微微抽搐。她向站在座椅后面的印度男仆做了个手势，对他耳语了几句。男仆两眼睁得大大的，迅速地离开了餐室。 在座的客人中除了那位美国人以外谁也没注意到这一幕，也没有看到那个男仆把一碗牛奶放在紧靠门边的走廊上。 那个美国人突然醒悟过来。在印度，碗中的牛奶只有一个意思——引蛇的诱饵。他意识到餐室里一定有条眼镜蛇。 Unit2 Lessons from Jefferson 杰斐逊的遗训 杰斐逊的勇气和理想主义是以知识为基础的。他懂得的东西也许比同时代的任何人都要多。在农业、考古学和医学方面他都是专家。在人们普遍采用农作物轮作和土壤保持的做法之前一个世纪，他就这样做了。他还发明了一种比当时任何一种都好的耕犁。他影响了整个美国的建筑业，他还不断地制造出各种机械装置，使日常生活中需要做的许多工作变得更加容易。 在杰斐逊的众多才能中，有一种是最主要的：他首先是一位优秀的、不知疲倦的作家。目前正在第一次出版的他的全集将超过五十卷。他作为一个作家的才能很快便被发现了，所以，当1776年在费城要撰写《独立宣言》的时刻来到时，这一任务便落在了他肩上。数以百万计的人们读到他写的下列词句都激动不已：“我们认为这些真理是不言而喻的：一切人生来就是平等的……” Unit3 My First Job 我的第一份工作 在我等着进大学期间，我在一份地方报纸上看到一则广告，说是在离我住处大约十英里的伦敦某郊区，有所学校要招聘一名教师。我因为手头很拮据，同时也想做点有用的事，于是便提出了申请，但在提出申请的同时我也担心，自己一无学位，二无教学经验，得到这份工作的可能性是微乎其微的。 然而，三天之后，却来了一封信，叫我到克罗伊登去面试。这一路去那儿原来还真麻烦：先乘火车到克罗伊顿车站，再乘十分钟的公共汽车，然后还要至少步行四分之一英里。结果，我在六月一个炎热的上午到了那儿，因为心情非常沮丧，竟不感到紧张了。 Unit4 The Professor and the Y o-Y o 教授与溜溜球 作为一个孩子，以后又作为一个成人，我一直对爱因斯坦的个性惊叹不已。他是我所认识的人中唯一能跟自己及周围世界达成妥协的人。他知道自己想要什么，而他想要的只是：在他作为一个人的能力范围之内理解宇宙的性质以及宇宙运行的逻辑和单纯。他知道有许多问题的答案超出了他智力所及的范围。但这并不使他感到灰心丧气。只要在能力许可的范围内取得最大的成功他就心满意足了。 在我们二十三年的友谊中，我从未见他表现出妒忌、虚荣、痛苦、愤怒、怨恨或个人野心。他好像对这些感情具有免疫能力似的。他毫无矫饰之心，虚荣之意。虽然他与世界上的许多要人通信，他用的却是有W水印字母的信笺，水印字母W——五分钱商店伍尔沃思的缩写。Unit5 The V illain in the Atmosphere 大气层中的恶棍 年复一年，海平面正在慢慢上升。它很可能继续上升，而在今后数百年间，会以更快的速度上升。在那些低洼的沿海地区（在这些地区居住着世界上很大一部分人口），海水会稳步向前推进，迫使人们向内陆退居。 最后，海水将会高出目前海平面两百英尺，一阵阵海浪将会拍打曼哈顿摩天大楼二十层楼的窗户。佛罗里达将会沉没在海浪之下，英伦三岛的大部分，人口稠密的尼罗河流域，还有中国、印度和俄罗斯的低洼地区也都将遭到同样的命运。 不仅许多城市将被淹没，而且世界上大部分盛产粮食的地区也将会失去。由于食品供应下降，到处都会出现饥荒，在这种压力下，社会结构有可能崩溃。 Unit6 The Making of a Surgeon 外科医师的成功之道 然而，在我做住院医生的最后一个月，睡眠已不再是个问题了。在有些情况下我仍然不能确定自己的决定是否正确，但我已学会把这看做一个外科医师经常会遇到的问题，一个永远也