大学英语精读1 第三版 课文英汉对照

UNIT 1

As we are at the start of the course, this seems a good moment to offer some advice on how to make the task of learning English easier.

课程开始之际,就如何使学习英语的任务更容易提出一些建议似乎正当其时。

Some Strategies for Learning English

Learning English is by no means easy. It takes great diligence and prolonged effort.

学习英语绝非易事。它需要刻苦和长期努力。

Nevertheless, while you cannot expect to gain a good command of English without sustained hard work, there are various helpful learning strategies you can employ to make the task easier. Here are some of them.

虽然不经过持续的刻苦努力便不能期望精通英语,然而还是有各种有用的学习

策略可以用来使这一任务变得容易一些。以下便是其中的几种。

1. Do not treat all new words in exactly the same way. Have you

ever complained about your memory because you find it simply impossible

to memorize all the new words you are learning? But, in fact, it is not your memory that is at fault. If you cram your head with too many new words at a time, some of them are bound to be crowded out. What you need to do is to deal with new words in different ways according to how frequently they occur in everyday use. While active words demand

constant practice and useful words must be committed to memory, words

that do not often occur in everyday situations require just a nodding

acquaintance. You will find concentrating on active and useful words the most effective route to enlarging your vocabulary.

1. 不要以完全同样的方式对待所有的生词。你可曾因为简直无法记住所学的

所有生词而抱怨自己的记忆力太差?其实,责任并不在你的记忆力。如果你一下子把太多的生词塞进头脑,必定有一些生词会被挤出来。你需要做的是根据生词日常使

用的频率以不同的方式对待它们。积极词汇需要经常练习,有用的词汇必须牢记,而在日常情况下不常出现的词只需见到时认识即可。你会发现把注意力集中于积极有用的词上是扩大词汇量最有效的途径。

2. Watch out for idiomatic ways of saying things. Have you ever wondered why we say, "I am interested in English", but "I am good at French"? And have you ever asked yourself why native English speakers say, "learn the news or secret", but "learn of someone's success or arrival"? These are all examples of idiomatic usage. In learning English, you must pay attention not only to the meaning of a word, but also to

the way native speakers use it in their daily lives.

2.密切注意地道的表达方式。你可曾纳闷过,为什么我们说“我对英语感兴

趣”是“I'm interested in English”,而说“我精于法语”则是“I'm good at French”?你可曾问过自己,为什么以英语为母语的人说“获悉消息或秘密”是“learn the news or secret”,而“获悉某

人的成功或到来”却是“learn of someone's success or arrival”?这些

都是惯用法的例子。在学习英语时,你不仅必须注意词义,还必须注意以英语为母语的人在日常生活中如何使用它。

3. Listen to English every day. Listening to English on a regular basis will not only improve your ear, but will also help you build your speaking skills. In addition to language tapes especially prepared for

your course, you can also listen to English radio broadcasts, watch English TV, and see English movies. The first time you listen to a taped conversation or passage in English, you may not be able to catch a great deal. Try to get its general meaning first and listen to it over and over again. You will find that with each repetition you will get something more.

3.每天听英语。经常听英语不仅会提高你的听力,而且有助你培养说的技能。除了专为课程准备的语言磁带外,你还可以听英语广播,看英语电视和英语电影。第一次听录好音的英语对话或语段,你也许不能听懂很多。先试着听懂大意,然后再反复地听。你会发现每次重复都会听懂更多的东西。

4. Seize opportunities to speak. It is true that there are few situations at school where you have to communicate in English, but you can seek out opportunities to practice speaking the language. Talking with your classmates, for example, can be an easy and enjoyable way to get some practice. Also try to find native speakers on your campus and feel free to talk with them. Perhaps the easiest way to practice speaking is to rehearse aloud, since this can be done at any time, in any place, and without a partner. For instance, you can look at pictures or objects around you and try to describe them in detail. You can also rehearse everyday situations. After you have made a purchase in a shop or finished a meal in a restaurant and paid the check, pretend that all this happened in an English-speaking country and try to act it out in English.

4.抓住机会说。的确,在学校里必须用英语进行交流的场合并不多,但你还是

可以找到练习讲英语的机会。例如,跟你的同班同学进行交谈可能就是得到一些练习的一种轻松愉快的方式。还可以找校园里以英语为母语的人跟他们随意交谈。或

许练习讲英语最容易的方式是高声朗读,因为这在任何时间,任何地方,不需要搭档就可以做到。例如,你可以看着图片或身边的物件,试着对它们详加描述。你还可以复述日常情景。在商店里购物或在餐馆里吃完饭付过账后,假装这一切都发生在一个讲英语的国家,试着用英语把它表演出来。

5. Read widely. It is important to read widely because in our learning environment, reading is the main and most reliable source of lan

guage input. When you choose reading materials, look for things

that you find interesting, that you can understand without relying too much on a dictionary. A page a day is a good way to start. As you go on, you will find that you can do more pages a day and handle materials at a higher level of difficulty.

5.广泛阅读。广泛阅读很重要,因为在我们的学习环境中,阅读是最重要、最

可靠的语言输入来源。在选择阅读材料时,要找你认为有趣的、不需要过多依赖词典就能看懂的东西。开始时每天读一页是个好办法。接下去,你就会发现你每天可以读更多页,而且能对付难度更高的材料。

6. Write regularly. Writing is a good way to practice what you already know. Apart from compositions assigned by your teacher, you may find your own reasons for writing. A pen pal provides good motivation; you will learn a lot by trying to communicate with someone who shares your interests, but comes from a different culture. Other ways to write regularly include keeping a diary, writing a short story and summarizing the daily news.

6.经常写。写作是练习你已经学会的东西的好方法。除了老师布置的作文,你还可以找到自己要写的理由。有个笔友可以提供很好的动力;与某个跟你趣味相投

但来自不同文化的人进行交流,你会学到很多东西。经常写作的其他方式还有记日记,写小故事或概述每天的新闻。

Language learning is a process of accumulation. It pays to absorb as much as you can from reading and listening and then try to put what you have learned into practice through speaking and writing.

语言学习是一个积累的过程。从读和听中吸收尽量多的东西,然后再试着把学到的东西通过说和写加以运用,定会大有收益。

UNIT 2

At sixty-five Francis Chichester set out to sail single-handed round the world. This is the story of that adventure.

弗朗西斯·奇切斯特在六十五岁时开始了只身环球航行。本文记述的就是这一冒险故事。

Sailing Round the World

Before he sailed round the world single-handed, Francis Chichester had already surprised his friends several times. He had tried to fly round the world but failed. That was in 1931.

弗朗西斯·奇切斯特在独自驾船作环球航行之前,已有好几次让他的朋友们感到吃惊了。他曾试图作环球飞行,但没有成功。那是1931年。

The years passed. He gave up flying and began sailing. He enjoyed it greatly. Chichester was already 58 years old when he won the first solo transatlantic sailing race. His old dream of going round the world came back, but this time he would sail. His friends and doctors did not

think he could do it, as he had lung cancer. But Chichester was determined to carry out his plan. In August, 1966, at the age of nearly sixty-five, an age when many men retire, he began the greatest voyage of his life. Soon, he was away in his new 16-metre boat, Gipsy Moth.

好多年过去了。他放弃了飞行,开始航海。他领略到航海的巨大乐趣。奇切斯特在首届横渡大西洋单人航海比赛中夺魁时,已经五十八岁。他周游世界的宿愿重又被唤起,不过这一次他是要驾船环游。由于他患有肺癌,朋友们和医生们都认为他不该去,但奇切斯特决意

实施自己的计划。1966年8月,在他快满六十五岁的时候——许多人在这个

年龄已经退休——他开始了一生中最了不起的一次航海。不久,他就驾着那艘16米长的新船吉普赛·莫思号启程出海了。

Chichester followed the route of the great nineteenth century clipper ships. But the clippers had had plenty of crew. Chichester did

it all by himself, even after the main steering device had been damaged by gales. Chichester covered 14,100 miles before stopping in Sydney, Australia. This was more than twice the distance anyone had previously sailed alone.

奇切斯特沿着19世纪大型三桅帆船的航线航行。不过,三桅帆船拥有众多船员,而奇切斯特却是独个儿扬帆破浪,即使在主要转舵装置被大风刮坏之后仍是这样。奇切斯特一直航行了14 100英里,到了澳大利亚的悉尼港才停船靠岸。这段航程比以往单人驾舟航海的最远航程还多一倍多。

He arrived in Australia on 12 December, just 107 days out from England. He received a warm welcome from the Australians and from his family who had flown there to meet him. On shore, Chichester could not

walk without help. Everybody said the same thing: he had done enough; he must not go any further. But he did not listen.

他于12月12日抵达澳大利亚,这一天正是他离开英国的第107天。他受到澳

大利亚人和乘飞机专程前去迎接他的家人们的热烈欢迎。奇切斯特上岸后,得由人

搀扶着才能行走。大家众口一词,说他已航行得够远了,不要再继续向前航行了。但他却置若罔闻。

After resting in Sydney for a few weeks, Chichester set off once more in spite of his friends' attempts to dissuade him. The second half of his voyage was by far the more dangerous part, during which he sailed round the treacherous Cape Horn.

在悉尼休息了几周之后,他不顾朋友们的多方劝阻,再次扬帆出航。这后半段

航程更为艰险,在此期间,他绕过了险情四伏的合恩角。

On 29 January he left Australia. The next night, the blackest he

had ever known, the sea became so rough that the boat almost turned over. Food, clothes, and broken glass were all mixed together. Fortunately,

the damage to the boat was not too serious. Chichester calmly got into bed and went to sleep. When he woke up, the sea had become calm again. Still, he could not help thinking that if anything should happen, the nearest person he could contact by radio, unless there was a ship nearby, would be on an island 885 miles away.

1月29日他驶离澳大利亚。第二天夜晚——这是他所经历过的最黑暗的一个

夜晚——海面上波涛汹涌,小船几乎被风浪掀翻。食物、衣服、还有碎玻璃,全都混杂在一起了。幸好小船遭到的损坏还不算太严重。奇切斯特镇静地钻进被窝,睡着了。等他醒来时,大海又恢复了平静。然而,他仍禁不住想到,要是果真有什么意外,

他能借无线电联系上的人,最近的也要在885英里以外的岛上,除非附近哪儿有条轮船。

After succeeding in sailing round Cape Horn, Chichester sent the following radio message to

London: "I feel as if I had wakened from a nightmare. Wild horses could not drag me down to Cape Horn and that sinister Southern Ocean again."

奇切斯特成功地绕过合恩角以后,便通过无线电给伦敦发去如下电文:“我觉得好像刚从噩梦中醒来。就是野马也休想再把我拖回到合恩角和那凶险莫测的南大洋去了。”

Just before 9 o'clock on Sunday evening 28 May, 1967, he arrived back in England, where a quarter of a million people were waiting to welcome him. Queen Elizabeth II knighted him with the very sword that Queen Elizabeth I had used almost 400 years earlier to knight Sir Francis Drake after he had sailed round the world for the first time. The whole voyage from England and back had covered 28,500 miles. It had taken him nine months, of which the sailing time was 226 days. He had done what he wanted to accomplish.

1967年5月28日,星期天,晚上将近9点,他回到了英国。有二十五万人等在那儿欢迎他。伊丽莎白女王二世手持宝剑敕封他为爵士。将近400

年前,伊丽莎白一世也曾手持同一把宝剑,把爵位赐予完成首次环球航行的弗朗西斯·德雷克爵士。从英国出发,再回到英国,整个航程长达28 500英里。奇切斯特一共花了九个月的时间,其中实际航行时间为226天。他终于完成了他想完成的伟业。

Like many other adventurers, Chichester had experienced fear and conquered it. In doing so, he had undoubtedly learnt something about himself. Moreover, in the modern age when human beings depend so much on machines, he had given men throughout the world new pride.

和许多别的冒险家一样,奇切斯特产生过恐惧而又战胜了恐惧。在这一过程中,他无疑对自身有了一些了解。此外,在当今这个人类如此依赖机器的时代,他赋予了全世界的人们以新的自豪感。

UNIT 3

They say that blood is thicker than water, that our relatives are more important to us than others. Everyone was so kind to the old lady on her birthday. Surely her daughter would make an even bigger effort to please her?

人们说血浓于水,即我们的亲属比别人对我们更重要。老太太生日这天,所有

的人都对她那么好。无疑她的女儿将会做出更大的努力使她高兴了?

The Present

It was the old lady's birthday.

这天是老太太的生日。

She got up early to be ready for the post. From the second floor

flat she could see the

postman when he came down the street, and the little boy from the ground floor brought up her letters on the rare occasions when anything came.

为了静心等候邮件,她一早就起床了。邮差打马路那头过来的时候,她从三楼

的公寓套间里一眼就可以看到。她难得有信,偶尔有邮件寄来,总是由住在底楼的小男孩给她送上来。

Today she was sure there would be something. Myra wouldn't forget her mother's birthday, even if she seldom wrote at other times. Of

course Myra was busy. Her husband had been made Mayor, and Myra herself had got a medal for her work for the aged.

她相信今天肯定会有东西来。迈拉尽管在别的时候绝少写信,可母亲的生日她是不会忘记的。当然,迈拉很忙。她丈夫当上了市长,迈拉自己也由于悉心为老年人工作而获得一枚奖章。

The old lady was proud of Myra, but Enid was the daughter she loved. Enid had never married, but had seemed content to live with her mother, and teach in a primary school round the corner.

老太太颇以迈拉自豪,但她真心疼爱的女儿却是伊妮德。伊妮德始终没结婚,

但她似乎以跟老母同住,并任教于附近的一所小学而心满意足。

One evening, however, Enid said, "I've arranged for Mrs. Morrison

to look after you for a few days, Mother. Tomorrow I have to go into hospital –just a minor operation. I'll soon be home."

然而一天傍晚,伊妮德却说:“妈妈,我已安排让莫里森太太来照顾你几天。明天我要去住院——只是动个小手术。我很快会回家来的。”

In the morning she went, but never came back –she died on the operating table. Myra came to the funeral, and in her efficient way arranged for Mrs. Morrison to come in and light the fire and give the old lady her breakfast.

第二天早上她去了,却再也没有回来——她死在了手术台上。迈拉来参加了葬礼,并以她特有的干练方式,安排莫里森太太来家生火,并为老太太准备早餐。

Two years ago that was, and since then Myra had been to see her mother three times, but her husband never.

那是两年以前的事了,打那以后,迈拉来看过她母亲三次,可她丈夫却一次也

没来过。

The old lady was eighty today. She had put on her best dress. Perhaps –perhaps Myra might come. After all, eighty was a special birthday, another decade lived or endured just as you chose to look at it.

今天是老太太的八十寿辰。她穿上了她最好的衣裙。也许——也许迈拉会来

的吧。不管怎么说,八十大寿毕竟非同一般——你又活了十年,或者说又熬过了十年,是活是熬,全在于你怎么看了。

Even if Myra did not come, she would send a present. The old lady was sure of that. Two spots of colour brightened her cheeks. She was excited –like a child. She would enjoy her day.

即便迈拉不来,她也会寄礼物来的。老太太对这点是拿得准的。脸颊上的两片红晕,使她满脸生辉。她心情激动——激动得像个小孩。她的这个生日一定会过得很快活。

Yesterday Mrs. Morrison had given the flat an extra clean, and today she had brought a card and a bunch of marigolds when she came to do the breakfast. Mrs. Grant downstairs had made a cake, and in the afternoon she was going down there to tea. The little boy, Johnnie, had been up with a packet of mints, and said he wouldn't go out to play

until the post had come.

昨天,莫里森太太把这套公寓房间额外打扫了一遍。今天来准备早餐时还带来一张生日卡和一束万寿菊。楼下的格兰特太太特地做了一只蛋糕,下午老太太要下楼到她家去吃茶点。小男孩约翰尼也上楼来过,送来了一盒薄荷糖,还说要等她邮件来了以后再出去玩。

"I guess you'll get lots and lots of presents," he said. "I did

last week when I was six. "

“我猜你准会收到好多好多礼物,”他说。“上个礼拜我六岁生日,就收到好多好多。”

What would she like? A pair of slippers perhaps. Or a new cardigan.

A cardigan would be lovely. Blue's such a pretty colour. Jim had always liked her in blue. Or a table lamp. Or a book, a travel book, with pictures, or a little clock, with clear black numbers. So many lovely things.

她想要样什么礼物呢?也许是一双拖鞋,或者是一件新的羊毛开衫。要真是一件羊毛开衫那就太好了,蓝盈盈的,那颜色该多么漂亮。过去吉姆就总喜欢她穿蓝的。再不就是一盏台灯,或者一本书,一本带照片的游记;一只小钟也行,钟面带醒目黑色数字的小钟。让人喜欢的东西可真多。

She stood by the window, watching. The postman turned round the corner on his bicycle. Her heart beat fast. Johnnie had seen him too and ran to the gate.

她站在窗口张望着。邮差骑着自行车过了拐角。她心跳加快了。约翰尼也看

到了邮差,立即向大门口跑去。

Then clatter, clatter up the stairs. Johnnie knocked at her door.

接着,楼梯上传来“得得

得”的脚步声。约翰尼敲了敲她的门。

"Granny, granny," he shouted, "I've got your post."

“奶奶,奶奶,”他叫着说,“我拿到你的信了。”

He gave her four envelopes. Three were unsealed cards from old friends. The fourth was sealed, in Myra's writing. The old lady felt a pang of disappointment.

他交给她四封信。三封没封口,是老朋友寄来的生日卡。第四封是封口的,上

面的字迹出自于迈拉之手。失望的痛楚攫住了老太太的心头。

"No parcel, Johnnie?"

“没有包裹吗,约翰尼?”

"No, granny."

“没有,奶奶。”

Maybe the parcel was too large to come by letter post. That was it. It would come later by parcel post. She must be patient.

也许是包裹太大了,没有随信件邮班同来。对了,准是这个缘故。待会儿会有包裹邮班送来的。她一定要有耐心。

Almost reluctantly she tore the envelope open. Folded in the card was a piece of paper. Written on the card was a message under the printed Happy Birthday –Buy yourself something nice with the cheque, Myra and Harold.

她几乎是带着几分勉强之意撕开了信封。只见生日卡里夹着一张折叠起来的纸。卡上印有“生日快乐”的字样,下面写着一句附言——拿这张支票给自己买样称心的东西吧——迈拉和哈罗德。

The cheque fluttered to the floor like a bird with a broken wing. Slowly the old lady stooped to pick it up. Her present, her lovely present. With trembling fingers she tore it into little bits.

支票像只断了翅膀的小鸟似的飘落到地板上。老太太慢慢地弯下腰,把支票从地上捡了起来。她的礼物,她的可爱的礼物!她用颤抖的手指把支票撕了个粉碎。

UNIT4

Many people in the United States spend most of their free time watching television. Certainly, there are many worthwhile programs on television, including news, educational programs for children, programs on current social problems, plays, movies, concerts, and so on. Nevertheless,

perhaps people should not be spending so much of their time in

front of the TV. Mr. Mayer imagines what we might do if we were forced to find other activities.

在美国,许多人把大部分空闲时间花在看电视上。的确,电视里有很多值得一

看的节目,包括新闻、儿童教育节目、讨论当前社会问题的节目、戏剧、电影、音乐会等等。然而,人们也许不该在电视机前花费那么多的时间。如果我们被迫要找一些其他的活动,那我们可以做些什么呢?对这一问题,梅耶先生做了一番想像。

Turning Off TV: A Quiet Hour Robert Mayer

I would like to propose that for sixty to ninety minutes each evening, right after the early evening news, all television broadcasting in the United States be prohibited by law.

我想建议每天晚上一播完晚间新闻,美国所有的电视台都依法停播六十至九十分钟。

Let us take a serious, reasonable look at what the results might be if such a proposal were accepted. Families might use the time for a real family hour. Without the distraction of TV, they might sit around together after dinner and actually talk to one another. It is well known that many of our problems –everything, in fact, from the generation gap to the high divorce rate to some forms of mental illness –are caused at least in part by failure to communicate. We do not tell each other what is disturbing us. The result is emotional difficulty of one kind or another. By using the quiet family hour to discuss our problems, we might get to know each other better, and to like each other better.

让我们认真而通情达理地看一下,如果这一建议被采纳的话,会有什么样的结果。千家万户也许会利用这段时间真正地团聚一番。没有电视机的干扰,他们晚饭后也许会围坐在一起,当真交谈起来。众所周知,我们的许多问题——事实上是所有的问题,从代沟、高离婚率到某些精神病——至少部分地是由于没能交流思想而引起的。我们谁也不把自己心头的烦恼告诉别人,结果感情上便产生了这样那样的问题。利用这安静的、全家聚在一起的时刻来讨论我们的各种问题,我们相互之间也许会更加了解,更加相爱。

On evenings when such talk is unnecessary, families could rediscover more active pastimes. Freed from TV, forced to find their own activities, they might take a ride together to watch the sunset. Or they might take a walk together (remember feet?) and see the neighborhood with fresh, new eyes.

有些晚上,如果没有必要进行这种交谈,那么各家各户也许会重新发现一些更

为积极的消遣活动。如果他们挣脱开电视机的束缚而不得不另寻自己的活动,他们也许会合家驱车去看日落。或者也许会全家一起去散步(还记得自己长有双脚吗?),用新奇的目光观察住处周围的地区。

With free time and no TV, children and adults might rediscover reading. There is more entertainment in a good book than in a month of typical TV programming. Educators report that the generation growing up with television can barely write an English sentence, even at the

college level. Writing is often learned from reading. A more

literate new generation could be a product of the quiet hour.

有了空闲时间而又没有电视可看,大人小孩便有可能重新发现阅读。一本好书里的乐趣,胜过一个月中所有典型的电视节目。教育家们报告说,伴随着电视长大的这一代人几乎写不出一句英语句子,甚至在大学一级受教育的人也是这样。写作往

往是通过阅读学会的。每晚清静这么一个小时,可以造就出文化程度较高的一代新人。

A different form of reading might also be done, as it was in the past: reading aloud. Few pastimes bring a family closer together than gathering around and listening to mother or father read a good story. The quiet hour could become the story hour. When the quiet hour ends, the TV networks might even be forced to come up with better shows in order to get us back from our newly discovered activities.

也许还可以像过去那样进行另一种形式的阅读:高声朗读。没有多少娱乐比一家人聚在一起,听爸爸或妈妈朗读一篇优美的故事更能使一家人关系融洽和睦了。没有电视干扰的这一小时,可以成为朗读故事的时间。等这静悄悄的一小时过去后,想要再把我们从新发现的娱乐活动中拉回去,电视联播公司也许将被迫拿出些更好的节目来才行。

At first glance, the idea of an hour without TV seems radical. What will parents do without the electronic baby-sitter? How will we spend the time? But it is not radical at all. It has been only twenty-five years since television came to control American free time. Those of us thirty-five and older can remember childhoods without television, spent partly with radio –which at least involved the listener's

imagination –but also with reading, learning, talking, playing games, inventing new activities. It wasn't that difficult. Honest. The truth is we had a ball.

乍一看,停播一小时电视的想法似乎过于偏激。如果少了这位电子保姆,做父

母的可怎么办呢?我们怎么来打发这段时间呢?其实这个想法一点也不偏激。电视开始主宰美国人的空闲时间,至今也不过才二十五年。我们之中那些年满和年过三十五岁的人,还能回

忆起没有电视相伴的童年,那时我们有一部分空闲时间以收音机为伴——听收

音机至少还要发挥听者的想像力——但另外我们还看书、学习、交谈、做游戏、发明一些新的活动。日子也并不那么难过。真的。那时我们确实过得挺开心。

UNIT 5

Have you ever dreamed of becoming a writer, only to be put off by fears that you lacked the ability? If so, then reading Linda Stafford's story will have you reaching for your pen with renewed hope.

你是否曾梦想成为一名作家,却因为担心自己缺乏这方面的才能而却步?如果

是这样,那么读一读琳达·斯塔福德的故事就会使你怀着重燃的希望拿起笔来。

I Never Write Right Linda Stafford

When I was 15, I announced to my English class that I was going to write and illustrate my own books. Half of the students nearly fell out of their chairs laughing.

在我十五岁的时候,我在我们英语课上宣布说我要写书并为自己的书作插图。

当时有一半同学大笑不止,差一点从他们座位上摔出去。

"Don't be silly. Only geniuses can become writers," the English teacher said. "And you are getting a D this semester."

“别犯傻了。只有天才能成为作家。”英语老师说,“而你这学期的英语只能

得D。”

I was so embarrassed that I burst into tears. That night I wrote a short, sad poem about broken dreams and mailed it to the Capper's Weekly.

To my astonishment they published it, and sent me two dollars. I was a published and paid writer! I showed my teacher and fellow students. They laughed.

我感到很难堪,一下子哭了起来。当天晚上我就写了一首短诗,抒发梦想破灭

的悲哀,然后把它寄给了《卡珀周刊》。令我惊讶的是,他们竟发表了我的诗,还寄给了我两美元。我成了一个发表过作品拿到过稿费的作家了!我拿给老师和同学们看。他们都笑了。

"Just plain dumb luck," the teacher said.

“纯粹是傻运气,”老师说。

I'd tasted success. I'd sold the first thing I'd ever written. That was more than any of them had done, and if it was "just plain dumb luck," that was fine with me.

我已经尝到了成功的滋味。我已经卖掉了我的第一篇作品。这超过了他们任

何人取得的成绩,就算它“纯粹是傻运气”,我也觉得很好。

During the next two years I sold dozens of poems, letters, jokes and recipes. By the time I graduated from high school (with a C-minus average), I had scrapbooks filled with my published work. I never mentioned my writing to my teachers, friends or my family again. They were dream killers. And if people must choose between their friends and dreams, they must always choose the latter.

在随后的两年里,我卖出去几十件作品,其中包括诗歌、信件、笑话和食谱。

到我中学毕业时(平均分为Cˉ),我已经有了好几本剪贴簿,上面贴满了我发表过的

作品。我再也没有对老师们、朋友们或家人谈起我写作的事。他们都是些扼杀梦想的人。而如果人们必须在朋友和梦想之间作出选择的话,

他们必须永远选择后者。

But sometimes you do find a friend who supports your dreams. "It's easy to write a book," my new friend told me. "You can do it."

但有时候你确实能找到一个支持你梦想的朋友。“写本书很容易,”我新交的朋友告诉我,“你能写书。”

"I don't know if I'm smart enough," I said, suddenly feeling 15 again and hearing echoes of laughter.

“我不知道自己是不是够聪明,”我说,突然之间又感到自己回到了15岁的时候,听到了那些笑声在回响。

"Nonsense!" she said. "Anyone can write a book if they want to."

“胡说!”她说,“任何人都能写书,只要他们想写。”

I had four children at the time, and the oldest was only four. We lived on a goat farm in Oklahoma, miles from anyone. All I had to do each day was take care of four kids, milk goats, and do the cooking, laundry and gardening.

当时我已经有四个孩子,最大的一个才四岁。我们住在俄克拉何马的一个山羊饲养场里,离开任何人都很远。我每天要做的事就是照看四个孩子,挤羊奶,烧饭,洗衣和收拾果园。

大学英语精读第一册课文翻译

第一单元 课程开始之际，就如何使学习英语的任务更容易提出一些建议似乎正当其实。 学习英语的几种策略 学习英语决非易事。它需要刻苦和长期努力。 虽然不经过持续的刻苦努力便不能期望精通英语，然而还是有各种有用的学习策略可以用来使这一任务变得容易一些。以下便是其中的几种： 1．不要以完全相同的方式对待所有的生词。你可曾因为简直无法记住所学的所有生词而抱怨自己的记忆力太差？其实，责任并不在你的记忆力。如果你一下子把太多的生词塞进头脑，必定有一些生词会被挤出来。你需要做的是根据生词日常使用的频率以不同的方式对待它们。积极词汇需要经常练习，有用的词汇必须牢记，而在日常情况下不常出现的词只需见到时认识即可。你会发现把注意力集中于积极有用的词上是扩大词汇量最有效的途径。 2．密切注意地道的表达方式。你可曾纳闷过，为什么我们说“我对英语感兴趣”是“I’m interested in English”，而说“我精于法语”则是“I’m good at French”?你可曾问过自己，为什么以英语为母语的人说“获悉消息或密秘”是“learnthenewsorsecret”,而“获悉某人的成功或到来”却是“learn of someone’s success or arrival”?这些都是惯用法的例子。在学习英语时，你不仅必须注意词义，还必须注意以英语为母语的人在日常生活中如何使用它。 3．每天听英语。经常听英语不仅会提高你的听力，而且有助你培养说的技能。除了专为课程准备的语言磁带外，你还可以听英语广播，看英语电视和英语电影。第一次听录好音的英语对话或语段，你也许不能听懂很多。先试着听懂大意，然后在反复地听。 你会发现每次重复都会听懂更多的xx。 4．抓住机会说。的确，在学校里必须用英语进行交流的场合并不多，但你还是可以找到练习讲英语的机会。例如，跟你的同班同学进行交谈可能就是得到一些练习的一种轻松愉快的方式。还可以找校园里以英语为母语的人跟他们

现代大学英语精读1课本内容及翻译

Lesson Eight The Kindness of Strangers Mike Mclntyre 1. One summer I was driving from my home town of Tahoe City, Calif, to New Orleans. In the middle of the desert, I came upon a young man standing by the roadside. He had his thumb out and held a gas can in his other hand. I drove right by him. There was a time in the country when you' d be considered a jerk if you passed by somebody in need. Now you are a fool for helping. With gangs, drug addicts, murderers, rapists, thieves lurking everywhere, "I don't want to get involved" has become a national motto. 2. Several states later I was still thinking about the hitchhiker. Leaving him stranded in the desert did not bother me so much. What bothered me was how easily I had reached the decision. I never even lifted my foot off the accelerator. 3. Does anyone stop any more? I wondered. I recalled Blanche DuBois's famous line: "I have always depended on the kindness of strangers." Could anyone rely on the kindness of strangers these days? One way to test this would be for a person to journey from coast to coast without any money, relying solely on the good will of his fellow Americans. What kind of Americans would he find? Who would feed him, shelter him, carry him down the road? 4. The idea intrigued me. 5. The week I turned 37, I realized that I had never taken a gamble in my life. So I decided to travel from the Pacific to the Atlantic without a penny. It would be a cashless journey through the land of the almighty dollar. I would only accept offers of rides, food and a place to rest my head. My final destination would be Cape Fear in North Carolina, a symbol of all the fears I'd have to conquer during the trip. 6. I rose early on September 6, 1994, and headed for the Golden Gate Bridge with a 50-pound pack on my back and a sign displaying my destination to passing vehicles: "America." 7. For six weeks I hitched 82 rides and covered 4223 miles across 14 states. As I traveled, folks were always warning me about someplace else. In Montana they told me to watch out for the cowboys in Wyoming, In Nebraska they said people would not be as nice in Iowa. Yet I was treated with kindness everywhere I went. I was amazed by people's readiness to help a stranger, even when it seemed to run contrary to their own best interests. 8. One day in Nebraska a car pulled to the road shoulder. When I reached the window, I saw two little old ladies dressed in their Sunday finest." I know you're not supposed to pick up hitchhikers, but it's so far between towns out here, you feel bad passing a person," said the driver, who introduced herself as Vi. I didn't know whether to kiss them or scold them for stopping. This woman was telling me she'd rather risk her life than feel bad about passing a stranger on the side of the road. 9. Once when I was hitchhiking unsuccessfully in the rain, a trucker pulled over, locking his brakes so hard he skidded on the grass shoulder. The driver told me he was once robbed at knifepoint by a hitchhiker. "But I hate to see a man stand out in the rain," he added. "People don't have no heart anymore." 10. I found, however, that people were generally compassionate. Hearing I had no money and would take none, people bought me food or shared whatever they happened to have with them. Those who had the least to give often gave the most. In Oregon a house painter named Mike noted the chilly weather and asked if I had a coat. When he learned that I had "a light one," he drove me to his house, and handed me a big green army-style jacket. A lumber-mill worker named Tim invited me to a simple dinner with his family in their shabby house. Then he offered me his tent. I refused, knowing it was probably one of the family's most valuable possessions. But Tim was determined that I have it, and finally I agreed to take it. 11. I was grateful to all the people I met for their rides, their food, their shelter, and their gifts. But what I found most touching was the fact that they all did it as a matter of course.

大学英语精读第一册课文翻译全

Unit1 课程开始之际，就如何使学习英语的任务更容易提出一些建议似乎正当其时。 Some Strategies or Learning English 学习英语绝非易事。它需要刻苦和长期努力。 虽然不经过持续的刻苦努力便不能期望精通英语，然而还是有各种有用的学习策略可以用来使这一任务变得容易一些。以下便是其中的几种。 1. 不要以完全同样的方式对待所有的生词。你可曾因为简直无法记住所学的所有生词而抱怨自己的记忆力太差？其实，责任并不在你的记忆力。如果你一下子把太多的生词塞进头脑，必定有一些生词会被挤出来。你需要做的是根据生词日常使用的频率以不同的方式对待它们。积极词汇需要经常练习，有用的词汇必须牢记，而在日常情况下不常出现的词只需见到时认识即可。你会发现把注意力集中于积极有用的词上是扩大词汇量最有效的途径。 2．密切注意地道的表达方式。你可曾纳闷过，为什么我们说我对英语感兴趣是I'm 湩整敲瑳摥椠?湅汧獩屨，而说我精于法语则是???潧摯愠?牆湥档？你可曾问过自己，为什么以英语为母语的人说获悉消息或秘密是汜慥湲琠敨渠睥?牯猠捥敲屴，而获悉某人的成功或到来却是汜慥湲漠?潳敭湯?环猠捵散獳漠?牡楲慶屬？这些都是惯用法的例子。在学习英语时，你不仅必须注意词义，还必须注意以英语为母语的人在日常生活中如何使用它。 3．每天听英语。经常听英语不仅会提高你的听力，而且有助你培养说的技能。除了专为课程准备的语言磁带外，你还可以听英语广播，看英语电视和英语电影。第一次听录好音的英语对话或语段，你也许不能听懂很多。先试着听懂大意，然后再反复地听。你会发现每次重复都会听懂更多的东西。 4．抓住机会说。的确，在学校里必须用英语进行交流的场合并不多，但你还是可以找到练习讲英语的机会。例如，跟你的同班同学进行交谈可能就是得到一些练习的一种轻松愉快的方式。还可以找校园里以英语为母语的人跟他们随意交谈。或许练习讲英语最容易的方式是高声朗读，因为这在任何时间，任何地方，不需要搭档就可以做到。例如，你可以看着图片18 / 1 或身边的物件，试着对它们详加描述。你还可以复述日常情景。在商店里购物或在餐馆里吃完饭付过账后，假装这一切都发生在一个讲英语的国家，试着用英语把它表演出来。 5．广泛阅读。广泛阅读很重要，因为在我们的学习环境中，阅读是最重要、最可靠的语言输入来源。在选择阅读材料时，要找你认为有趣的、不需要过多依赖词典就能看懂的东西。开始时每天读一页是个好办法。接下去，你就会发现你每天可以读更多页，而且能对付难度更高的材料。6．经常写。写作是练习你已经学会的东西的好方法。除了老师布置的作文，你还可以找到自己要写的理由。有个笔友可以提供很好的动力；与某个跟你趣味相投但来自不同文化的人进行交流，你会学到很多东西。经常写作的其他方式还有记日记，写小故事或概述每天的新闻。 语言学习是一个积累的过程。从读和听中吸收尽量多的东西，然后再试着把学到的东西通过说和写加以运用，定会大有收益。 Unit2 弗朗西斯·奇切斯特在六十五岁时开始了只身环球航行。本文记述的就是这一冒险故事。 Sailing Round the Word 弗朗西斯·奇切斯特在独自驾船作环球航行之前，已有好几次让他的朋友们感到吃惊了。他曾试图作环球飞行，但没有成功。那是1931年。 好多年过去了。他放弃了飞行，开始航海。他领略到航海的巨大乐趣。奇切斯特在首届横渡大西洋单人航海比赛中夺魁时，已经五十八岁。他周游世界的宿愿重又被唤起，不过这一次他是要驾船环游。由于他患有肺癌，朋友们和医生们都认为他不该去，但奇切斯特决意实施自己的计划。

最新现代大学英语精读1教学大纲2018

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UNIT 1 As we are at the start of the course, this seems a good moment to offer some advice on how to make the task of learning English easier. 课程开始之际，就如何使学习英语的任务更容易提出一些建议似乎正当其时。 Some Strategies for Learning English Learning English is by no means easy. It takes great diligence and prolonged effort. 学习英语绝非易事。它需要刻苦和长期努力。 Nevertheless, while you cannot expect to gain a good command of English without sustained hard work, there are various helpful learning strategies you can employ to make the task easier. Here are some of them. 虽然不经过持续的刻苦努力便不能期望精通英语，然而还是有各种有用的学习策略可以用来使这一任务变得容易一些。以下便是其中的几种。 1. Do not treat all new words in exactly the same way. Have you ever complained about your memory because you find it simply impossible to memorize all the new words you are learning? But, in fact, it is not your memory that is at fault. If you cram your head with too many new words at a time, some of them are bound to be crowded out. What you need to do is to deal with new words in different ways according to how frequently they occur in everyday use. While active words demand constant practice and useful words must be committed to memory, words that do not often occur in everyday situations require just a nodding acquaintance. You will find concentrating on active and useful words the most effective route to enlarging your vocabulary. 1. 不要以完全同样的方式对待所有的生词。你可曾因为简直无法记住所学的所有生词而抱怨自己的记忆力太差？其实，责任并不在你的记忆力。如果你一下子把太多的生词塞进头脑，必定有一些生词会被挤出来。你需要做的是根据生词日常使用的频率以不同的方式对待它们。积极词汇需要经常练习，有用的词汇必须牢记，而在日常情况下不常出现的词只需见到时认识即可。你会发现把注意力集中于积极有用的词上是扩大词汇量最有效的途径。 2. Watch out for idiomatic ways of saying things. Have you ever wondered why we say, "I am interested in English", but "I am good at French"? And have you ever asked yourself why native English speakers say, "learn the news or secret", but "learn of someone's success or arrival"? These are all examples of idiomatic usage. In learning English, you must pay attention not only to the meaning of a word, but also to the way native speakers use it in their daily lives. 2．密切注意地道的表达方式。你可曾纳闷过，为什么我们说“我对英语感兴趣”是“I'm interested in English”，而说“我精于法语”则是“I'm good at French”？你可曾问过自己，为什么以英语为母语的人说“获悉消息或秘密”是“learn the news or secret”，而“获悉某

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Lesson One Half a Day Naguib Mahfous 1. I walked alongside my father, clutching his right hand. All my clothes were new: the black shoes, the green school uniform, and the red cap. They did not make me happy, however, as this was the day I was to be thrown into school for the first time. 2. My mother stood at the window watching our progress, and I turned towards her from time to time, hoping she would help. We walked along a street lined with gardens, and fields planted with crops: pears, and date palms. 3. "Why school ?" I asked my father. "What have I done ?" 4. "I'm not punishing you, " he said, laughing. "School's not a punishment. It's a place that makes useful men out of boys. Don' t you want to be useful like your brothers?" 5. I was not convinced. I did not believe there was really any good to be had in tearing me away from my home and throwing me into the huge, high-walled building. 6. When we arrived at the gate we could see the courtyard, vast and full of boys and girls. "Go in by yourself, " said my father, "and join them. Put a smile on your face and be a good example to others. " 7. I hesitated and clung to his hand, but he gently pushed me from him. "Be a man, " he said. "Today you truly begin life. You will find me waiting for you when it's time to leave. " 8. I took a few steps. Then the faces of the boys and girls came into view. I did not know a single one of them, and none of them knew me. I felt I was a stranger who had lost his way. But then some boys began to glance at me in curiosity, and one of them came over and asked, "Who brought you?" 9. "My father, " I whispered. 10. "My father's dead, " he said simply. 11. I did not know what to say. The gate was now closed. Some of the children burst into tears. The bell rang. A lady came along, followed by a group of men. The men began sorting us into ranks. We were formed into an intricate pattern in the great courtyard surrounded by high buildings; from each floor we were overlooked by a long balcony roofed in wood. 12. "This is your new home, "said the woman. "There are mothers and fathers here, too. Everything that is enjoyable and beneficial is here. So dry your tears and face life joyfully. " 13. Well, it seemed that my misgivings had had no basis. From the first moments I made many friends and fell in love with many girls. I had never imagined school would have this rich variety of experiences. 14. We played all sorts of games. In the music room we sang our first songs. We also had our first introduction to language. We saw a globe of the Earth, which revolved and showed the various continents and countries. We started learning numbers, and we were told the story of the Creator of the universe. We ate delicious food, took a little nap, and woke up to go on with friendship and love, playing and learning. 15. Our path, however, was not totally sweet and unclouded. We had to be observant and patient. It was not all a matter of playing and fooling around. Rivalries could bring about pain and hatred or give rise to

大学英语精读第一册(第三版)答案

大学英语精读第三版(上海外语教育出版社董亚芬主编)第一册答案Book 1 Unit 1 Study&Practice Vocabulary Activities 1. 1)e 2)g 3)j 4)a 5)b 6)i 7)c 8)d 9)h 10)f 2. 1) handling 2) summarized 3) process 4) absorb 5) are bound to 6) feel free 7) for instance 8) strategies 9) complained 10) has committed... to memory 11) Nevertheless 12) rely... on 13) Apart from 14) command 3. 1) over and over again 2) at a time 3) put it into practice 4) watching out for 5) by no means 6) concentrate on 7) In addition to 8) in detail Enriching Your Word Power 1. 1)action 2)employ 3)announce 4)examination 5)communication 6)express 7)compose 8)improvement 9)concentration 10)management 11)consider 12)motivate 13)development

15)discuss 16)operate 17)division 18)production 19)educate 20)repeat 2. 1) a) additional b) add c) addition d) addition 2) a) effectively b) effect c) effective d) effect 3) a)helpful b) help c) helpless d) help e) helplessly f) helpfully g) helpful 4) a) reliant b) reliable c) reliance, reliable d) relies e) reliably 5) a) repetition b) repeating c) repeatedly d) repeated e) repetition Usage 1) In my opinion 2) According to Mary 3) In our opinion 4) According to today’s papers 5) In most doctors’ opinion ( According to most doctors) Structure 1. 1) Shakespeare was not only a dramatist but also an actor. 2) Miss Crain not only took me home in her car, but also came the next day to see if I had recovered. 3) Hainan Island attracts tourists not only in winter but also in summer. 4) There is always a black market not only in Britain, but also in other European countries. 5) At the Athens Olympics in 2004, Liu Xiang not only won a gold medal in the 110-meter hurdles, but also broke the Olympic record. 2. 1) It is true that your sentences are all gramma tically correct, but they don’t make any sense. 2) It is true that they lost that battle, but they still went on fighting. 3) It is true that Tom’s very clever and hardworking, but I still don’t think he is the right person for the job. 4) It is true that learning English is by no means easy, but we can make the task easier by using some learning strategies. Cloze 1. 1) strategies 2) frequently 3) over and over again 4) commit to memory 5) acquaintance 6) watch out for 7) communicate 8) process