【英语】高一英语阅读理解真题汇编(含答案)含解析

【英语】高一英语阅读理解真题汇编(含答案)含解析

一、高中英语阅读理解

1．阅读理解

Fall in Love With Your Writing With These Books!

Write Naked

ByJennifer Probst

WAS: $16.99

NOW: $15.99

Bestselling author Jennifer Probst reveals her pathway to success, from struggling as a new writer to signing a seven-figure deal. Written in Probst's unmistakable and honest voice, Write Naked mixes personal essays on craft with down-to-earth advice on writing romance in the digital age.

Just Write

ByJames Scott Beli

WAS: $17.99

NOW: $10.99

Write yourself past fears, doubts and setbacks, using your desire writing excellence to deeply involve yourself in the craft. In Just Write, you'll learn how to master the nuances(细微差别) of fiction, discover what readers really want, and persevere through the challenges of getting started, conquering writers block and dealing with rejection.

Damn Fine Story

By Chuck Wendig

WAS: $17.99

NOW: $8.99

Great storytelling is making readers care about your characters. And to tell a damn fine story, you need to understand why and how that caring happens. Using a mix of personal stories, pop fiction examples and traditional storytelling terms, The New York Times bestselling author Chuck Wendig will help you internalize the feel of powerful storytelling,

Fearless Writing

By William Kenower

WAS: $16.99

NOW:$15.99

Filled with insightful wisdom and practical advice, Fearless Writing teaches you how to accept the inner value of your work, enter a flow state while writing and overcome rejection, delay and other obstacles that prevent your creativity. With Fearless Writing, you'll find the inner strength to set on a brave journey and build a lifelong career in the process.

（1）Who shares his/her own writing experience with the readers?

A. Jennifer Probst.

B. James Scott Beli.

C. Chuck Wendig.

D. William Kenower.（2）Which book has the highest discount?

A. Write Naked.

B. Just Write.

C. Damn Fine Story.

D. Fearless Writing.（3）What do the four books have in common?

A. They are written by bestselling authors.

B. They focus on traditional storytelling terms.

C. They show how to overcome rejection.

D. They give some practical advice on writing

【答案】（1）A

（2）C

（3）D

【解析】【分析】本文是一则应用文，推荐了几本书，给读者在写作上给出了一些实用的建议。

(1)考查细节理解。根据By Jennifer Probst部分中的“Written in Probst's unmistakable and honest voice, Write Naked mixes personal essays on craft with down-to-earth advice on writing romance in the digital age.”可知，Jennifer Probst. 与读者分享自己的写作经验。故选A。(2)考查推理判断。根据Damn Fine Story部分中的“By Chuck Wendig WAS: $17.99 NOW: $8.99”再结合另外三本书的价格可知，Damn Fine Story有最大的折扣。故选C。

(3)考查推理判断。这四本书都涉及到了写作，他们在写作上给出了一些实用的建议。故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇广告类阅读，要求考生捕捉细节信息同时，根据上下文进行逻辑推理，选出正确答案。

2．阅读短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

Devon Gallagher, a college graduate from Philadelphia, wants the world to know exactly where she's been while she's on her worldwide vacation in a special way. The traveler, who was born with a bone disease, had her right leg amputated (截肢) at the age of four. Although the amputation caused inconvenience for Gallagher early on, she now sees it as nothing short of inspiration for living her best life.

To spread that message. Gallagher has gone to social media, where she shares photos of her travels across the world, but instead of simply using a geo-tag (地理位置标签), she writes her location on her artificial leg before taking a picture.

Now she has been taking pictures across the Continent, which show her cycling over the canal in Amsterdam relaxing on a wall overlooking the city of Barcelona, posing with a waffle in Brussels, taking in the beautiful Parthenon temple in Athens and enjoying a river ride in Budapest, all with the well-known locations written on her artificial leg.

"I get a new leg every two years and I can choose the design on it. One day I had a sudden thought to get a chalk-board," Gallagher said. "My mum and grandmother didn't like the idea, but my friends thought it was great and told me to go for it, so I did."

Gallagher said people often stare when she's writing on her leg, but once she shares the photos, she receives only positive feedback (反馈), "My leg hasn't stopped me from doing anything I've wanted to do," she said. "I don't know if it's my determination to prove to myself that I can do it, anyway, I've been able to keep up with people at my age and lead a pretty great life."

Gallagher shows us that you should never let anything stand in the way of your dreams. And if

life gives you an artificial leg, make art.

（1）What message did Gallapher want to spread in her special way?

A. She enjoys her travelling across the globe.

B. She suffers little from her leg's amputation.

C. she looks on her misfortune as another form of blessing.

D. She has exactly fallen in love with posting photos online.

（2）What does the word "which" underlined in paragraph 3 refer to?

A. the continent

B. the pictures

C. the leg

D. the location

（3）Gallapher can best be described as ________.

A. helpful and ambitious

B. friendly and generous

C. determined and creative

D. independent and sensible

（4）Which of the following might be the best title for the text?

A. Never Too Late to share

B. A Special Artificial Leg

C. An Outstanding Photographer

D. Gallagher's Summer Holidays

【答案】（1）C

（2）B

（3）C

（4）B

【解析】【分析】Devon Gallagher小时因病右腿截肢，尽管有很多不便，但她认为这可以激励她过上最好的生活。长大后Gallagher在社交媒体上分享自己环球旅行的照片，但她并没有简单的使用地理标签，而是拍照前在假肢上写下自己的位置。她的故事告诉我们不要让任何东西挡住通往梦想的道路。

（1）细节理解题。根据第一段中Although the amputation caused inconvenience for Gallagher early on, she now sees it as nothing short of inspiration for living her best life.。尽管截肢早期给她带来了很多不便，但她认为这可以激励她过上最好的生活。由此可知Gallagher 想以她独特的方式表明她把自己的不幸看做是另一种幸运的形式，故选C。

（2）推理判断题。Now she has been taking pictures across the Continent, which show her cycling over the canal in Amsterdam relaxing on a wall…现在她在整个大陆拍照，应该是这些照片展示了…所以which指代的是她拍的照片，故选B。

（3）推理判断题。根据第四段One day I had a sudden thought to get a chalk-board," Gallagher said. "My mum and grandmother didn't like the idea, but my friends thought it was great and told me to go for it, so I did."Gallagher说她妈妈和外婆都不喜欢她chalk-board的主意，但她的朋友喜欢，让她去试试，所以她就去了，可知Gallagher很有决心。根据第二段 To spread that message. Gallagher has gone to social media, where she shares photos of her travels across the world, but instead of simply using a geo-tag (地理位置标签), she writes her location on her artificial leg before taking a picture。Gallagher把她的位置写在假肢上来和大家分享可知他是一个很有创造性的人，故选C。

（4）主旨大意题。最后一段And if life gives you an artificial leg, make art。是本文的主题句，根据文章内容可知本文主要描述的是截肢的Gallagher在社交媒体上分享自己环球旅行的照片，但她并没有简单的使用地理标签，而是拍照前在假肢上写下自己的位置的故事。

这篇文章是想通过Gallagher的一条假肢，传达出一种乐观向上的生活态度，故 A Special Artificial Leg是最好的标题。故选A。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节理解题、推理判断题和主旨大意题三种常考题型，细节理解题要注意从文中寻找答案；推理判断题需要联系上下文以及分析特殊句式，推断出需要的信息；主旨大意题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。

3．阅读理解

Have you ever lost your car on a parking lot? It happens. You park and go shopping. When you get back, you have no idea where your car is. It can be discouraging.

You don't need to install (安装) an expensive GPS system to keep track of your car. That's too expensive. You would need to pay a monthly subscription fee just to use it. But is there a way to track your vehicle without spending a fortune? Yes, now there is! A California-based start-up company was able to make this a reality. They created a tiny device (装置）that works with your smartphone, and it could be exactly what you're looking for! It's called TrackR Bravo. It's changing the way we keep track of the important things in our lives.

Install the free TrackR app on your smartphone, connect the app to your device and you're ready to go! Simply attach TrackR to whatever you want to keep an eye on. The entire process of setting it up only takes 5 minutes or less. You can attach it to your keys, wallet and anything else you don't want to lose. Then use the TrackR app to find where your missing item are in seconds. Forget expensive GPS systems or tracking services. Nobody wants to pay expensive monthly subscription fees. We understand how stressful these things can be, and this is the reason why the company created TrackR. This device is your VIP when you need to take care of important things.

If you forget where you park your car, take out your smartphone and open the TrackR app. Tap on the “lost item” sign on the screen and the app will tell you the exact location. This device is by no means expensive. TrackR only costs $29, a small price to pay for peace of mind. The device is small enough that you can attach it to your pets. Put it on their collar, and you will never lose track of them! Attach it to your key or wallet, and never waste a minute rummaging the whole house for it.

Since you've been informed about this brilliant invention, now attach it to everything that's important to you.

（1）Why does the author mention the lost car in the first Paragraph?

A. To explain how terrible the situation is.

B. To stress the importance of being cautious.

C. To lead to the topic concerning finding lost items.

D. To provide one common example about theft.

（2）What's the feature of the TrackR app?

A. The process of setting up the app is complex.

B. The cost of setting up the app is rather high.

C. The app is available in any electronic equipment.

D. The app helps locate the lost items in a short time.

（3）The TrackR was created because .

A. life is full of all kinds of pressure

B. tracking services cause financial burden

C. people want to keep their important items safe

D. GPS systems can not provide specific location

（4）Which of the following is closest to the meaning of the underlined word "rummaging" in Paragraph 5?

A. Searching

B. Destroying

C. Cleaning

D. Moving

【答案】（1）C

（2）D

（3）B

（4）A

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍杰出的发明TrackR，它可以帮助你找到丢失的东西。

（1）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“Have you ever lost your car on a parking lot? It happens. You park and go shopping. When you get back, you have no idea where your car is. It can be discouraging.”可知，提到丢失的汽车是为了寻找丢失物品的话题。故选C。

（2）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“Then use the TrackR app to find where your missing item are in seconds.”可知，这个应用程序可以帮助在短时间内找到丢失的物品。故选D。（3）考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“Forget expensive GPS systems or tracking s ervices. Nobody wants to pay expensive monthly subscription fees. We understand how stressful these things can be, and this is the reason why the company created TrackR.“可知，跟踪服务，造成财政负担。故选B。

（4）考查词义猜测。根据倒数第二段中的“The device is small enough that you can attach it to your pets.Put it on their collar, and you will never lose track of them! Attach it to your key or wallet”该装置是足够小，你可以将它附加到你的宠物上。把它放在他们的项圈上，你从来不会与他们失去联系！把它系在你的钥匙或钱包上。由此可知，找到它从不浪费一分钟搜查整个房子。划线词的意思应该是“搜寻”，故选A。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇科普类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

4．阅读理解

The Mokoko tribe (部落) lived on the wrong side of the island of two faces. The two sides, separated by a great cliff (悬崖), were like night and day. The good side was watered by rivers and was filled with trees and abundant food, while on the wrong side there was hardly any water or plants, and wild beasts crowded together. The Mokoko had the misfortune of having always lived there, with no way to cross to the other side. Their life was hard and they lived in permanent terror of the beasts.

Along the edge of the cliff separating the two sides, a skinny but strong tree grew, with which they could build two poles. There was no doubt that the tribe would choose the great chief and doctor to use the poles. But when the two of them were given their chance to make the jump, they didn't dare to. They thought that the pole could break or it would not be long enough. They

put so much energy into these thoughts that they gave in.

But into that tribe were born Nam and Ariki, a pair of young hearts. One day, they decided to take up the poles. Nobody stopped them, but everyone did try to discourage them, trying to present how dangerous the jumping was, using a thousand explanations.

"And what if what they say is true?" wondered the young Naru.

"Don't worry. I am a bit scared too, but it doesn't look so difficult," replied Ariki, ever determined.

"But if it goes wrong, it will be a terrible end," continued Naru, undecided.

"Perhaps the jump will go badly. But staying forever on this side of the island surely won't work out well either."

"You're right. Let's do it tomorrow."

And on the next day, Naru and Ariki jumped to the good side of the island. When taking up the poles, while feeling their desire, the fear hardly allowed them to breathe. And while flying through the air, helpless and without support, they felt that something must have gone wrong and death awaited them. But when they landed on the other side, they thought the jump really hadn't been so bad after all.

（1）What situation were the Mokoko faced with?

A. They lived a difficult life without fearing the beasts.

B. They suffered a lot due to the terrible environment.

C. They had easy access to the good side.

D. They were surrounded by trees and rivers.

（2）How did the chief and doctor feel when they were chosen?

A. Frightened.

B. Energetic.

C. Desperate.

D. Satisfied.

（3）What's the tribe members' reaction when Nam and Ariki decided to take up the poles?

A. The members desired to follow their steps.

B. The members tried to prevent the behaviour.

C. The members convinced them of the danger.

D. The members encouraged them to have a try.

（4）What can we infer about Naru and Ariki?

A. They overcame difficulty with courage and determination.

B. They felt relaxed in the whole process of making the jump.

C. They never doubted the difficulty in making the jump.

D. They hesitated to make the jump over and over again.

【答案】（1）B

（2）A

（3）C

（4）A

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，一个岛被大的悬崖分成完全不同的两部分，好的一面有水有树食物充足而另一面几乎没水没植物，野兽聚集。这个部落正好位于条件很恶劣的一面。讲述了Nam 和Ariki不畏艰险用勇气和决心克服了困难来到了岛的好的一面。（1）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“The Mokoko tr ibe (部落) lived on the wrong side of the island of two faces. The two sides, separated by a great cliff (悬崖), were like night and day. ---The

Mokoko had the misfortune of having always lived there, with no way to cross to the other side. Their life was hard and they lived in permanent terror of the beasts.”可知，由于可怕的环境他们遭受了很多。故选B。

（2）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“There was no doubt that the tribe would choose the great chief and doctor to use the poles. But when the two of them were given their chance to make the jump, they didn't dare to”可知，首领和医生被选上时他们感到害怕。故选A。（3）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“They thought that the pole could break or it would not be long enough. They put so much energy into these thoughts that they gave in.”可知，成员确信他们是危险的。故选C。

（4）考查推理判断。根据两个人的的对话“ And what if what they say is true?" wondered the young Naru. Don't worry I am a bit scared too, but it doesn't look so difficult, replied ariki, ever determined. "Perhaps the jump will go badly. But staying forever on this side of the island surely won't work out well either. "You're right. Let's do it tomorrow."和文章最后一句 But when they landed on the other side, they thought the jump really hadn't been so bad after all”可知,他们用勇气和决心克服了困难。故选A。

【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生准确捕捉细节信息，并结合题目要求，从而选出正确答案。

5．阅读理解

Assistant Professor in Musical Theatre Dance

Wichita State University seeks a full-time, 9-month assistant professor, beginning in August. Applicants are required to have a degree in dance area, teaching experience at a professional or college level, ability to direct and teach stage movement. The salary depends on qualifications and experience.

For complete information, visit http://finearts. wichita. edu

Full Professor in Theatre and Dance

The Department of Theatre & Dance at the University of California at San Diego(http://www theatre. uscd. edu) is seeking an experienced theatre artist in lighting design. Applicants must work for us for at least one year. Significant professional experience is required. This position is expected to teach at both graduate and undergraduate levels.

A review of applications will start on June 1st. Application deadline: September 1st.

Technical Director in Performing and Fine Arts

DeSales University's Performing and Fine Arts Department seeks a highly skilled, professional technical director. The position is a 10-month staff position with the possibility of summer employment with the Pennsylvania Shakespeare Festival. Professional experience is required; MFA is preferred.

Please email materials to john.bell@https://www.sodocs.net/doc/318943211.html,. Screening of applications begins immediately and will continue until the position is filled.

Assistant Director—Media Resources Center

Maryland Institute College of Art is seeking an Assistant Director of Media Resources Center in the Academic Affairs Division.

Qualification for the position include a degree in Art History or related fields with knowledge of art and design history, library experience, excellent interpersonal communications skills and familiarity with photoshop and scanning.

A review of applications will begin immediately; job announcements will remain open until the position is filled. Applicants are required to work for us at send emails to iobs@https://www.sodocs.net/doc/318943211.html,. The salary differs depending on your experience. Please include your desired salary in your application letter.

（1）What ad may an applicant pay close attention to if he/she has 9.5-month free time?

A. Full Professor in Theatre and Dance.

B. Assistant Professor in Musical Theatre Dance.

C. Technical Director in Performing and Fine Arts.

D. Assistant Director —Media Resources Center.

（2）Which can you apply to if you have excellent interpersonal communication skills? A. Wichita State University. B. The University of California.

C. DeSales University.

D. Maryland Institute College of Art.

（3）What can we learn from the advertisements?

A. All the jobs mentioned in the text require experience.

B. All the jobs mentioned above promise a good salary.

C. All the reviews of applications will begin immediately.

D. All the job announcements will remain open until the positions are filled.

【答案】（1）B

（2）D

（3）A

【解析】【分析】本文是是一篇应用文，介绍了四个招聘职位以及各个职位的具体要求。

(1)考查细节理解。根据文章内容，第一则广告需要的工作时间是9个月；第二个光告需要工作至少一年；第三个广告需要工作10个月；第四个广告需要工作至少11个月。所以如果你只有9个多月的假期，只能关注第一则广告。故选B。

(2)考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段中的“Qualifications for the position include a degree in Art History or related fields with knowledge of art and design history, library experience, excellent inter personal and communication skills and familiarity with photoshop and scanning.”可知如果你人际关系好，交流能力强，可以应征Assistant Director—Media Resources Center。故选D。

(3)考查细节理解。根据本文的四则广告可知，四个招聘广告中都提到需要经验。故选A。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解题型的考查，是一篇广告类阅读，要求考生准确捕捉细节信息，结合题目要求，从而选出正确答案。

6．阅读理解

Taxi-booking app Uber agreed to sell its business in China to Didi Chuxing. The two firms had been fierce competitors, but Didi Chuxing had controlled the Chinese market with an 87% share.

Uber China launched in 2014, but it had failed to make any profit for a long time. Cheng Wei, founder and chief executive of Didi Chuxing, said the two companies had learned a great deal from each other over the past two years in China. He added that the deal would set the mobile transportation industry on a healthier path of growth at a higher level. As part of the deal, Mr. Cheng would join the board of Uber, while Uber chief executive Travis Kalanick would also join Didi's board.

Uber's China business would own its separate branding while US-based Uber Technologies would hold about 17.5% in the combined company. Didi Chuxing is backed by Chinese Internet giants Tencent and Alibaba.

Uber had been struggling to break into the Chinese market despite having Chinese search engine Baidu as an investor. Last February, the company admitted it was losing more than $1 billion a year in China. “Funding their Chinese dreams was becoming too expensive for Uber,” Duncan Clark, chairman of Beijing-based consultancy BDA, told the BBC. Travis Kalanick said, “As a businessman, I've learned that being successful is about listening to your head as well as following your heart.”

The fierce competition had led both companies to spend much more on their journeys. The combination is likely to see fewer such subsidies（补贴）. “O ne thing to watch carefully is how quickly consumers feel the impact as subsidies are withdrawn.” Mr. Clark added.

The deal with Didi Chuxing came just days after China had agreed to provide a legal framework for taxi-ordering apps. Both Uber and Didi welcomed the decision. The new rules took effect last November and could, among other things, forbid such platforms to operate below cost.

（1）According to the second paragraph, what can we know?

A. Being successful is about listening to your head and following your heart.

B. The deal would make the mobile transportation industry grow much faster.

C. Didi Chuxing had learnt more in China than Uber over the past two years.

D. Mr. Cheng would be working as a member of the board of Uber as planned.

（2）What is the best title of the passage?

A. Uber sold Chinese business to Didi Chuxing

B. Using Didi Chuxing brings more subsidies

C. Listen to your head and follow your heart

D. The new rules took effect last November （3）What is the impact of the fierce competition between Uber and Didi?

A. Uber dominated the Chinese market with an 87% share.

B. China provided a legal framework for taxi-ordering apps.

C. Funding their Chinese dreams became expensive for Uber.

D. Chinese search engine Baidu became an investor of Uber's.

（4）The passage is probably taken from a website about ________.

A. apps

B. politics

C. economy

D. technology

【答案】（1）D

（2）A

（3）C

（4）C

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，优步将中国业务出售给滴滴出行。

(1)考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“As part of the deal, Mr. Cheng would join the board of Uber, while Uber chief executive Travis Kalanick would also join Didi's board.”可知，Mr. Cheng将按计划担任优步董事会成员。故选D。

(2)考查主旨大意。根据第一段中的“Taxi-booking app Uber agreed to sell its business in China to Didi Chuxing. The two firms had been fierce competitors, but Didi Chuxing had controlled the Chinese market with an 87% share.”可知，优步将中国业务出售给滴滴出行。故选A。

(3)考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“Funding their Chinese dreams was becoming too expensive for Uber,”可知，优步和滴滴之间激烈竞争对优步来说，为他们的中国梦提供资金变得很昂贵。故选C。

(4)考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“Taxi-booking app Uber agreed to sell its business in China to Didi Chuxing. The two firms had been fierce competitors, but Didi Chuxing had controlled the Chinese market with an 87% share.”可推知这篇文章很可能来自一个网址的“经济栏目”。故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇新闻报道，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，根据上下文进行逻辑推理，概括归纳，从而选出正确答案。

7．阅读理解

In America, parents tend to encourage their children to develop their potential (潜能) to the fullest extent. Fathers and mothers frequently teach their children both ambition and the confidence necessary to work toward their goals. American parents are always active in concentrating on what their kids can do, not what they can't. As a result, millions of American boys and girls grow up hoping to become actors and athletes, diplomats and doctors. Many of them even want to become president.

American parents often encourage their children to become involved in extra activities of all types at school, such as student government, sports and music. They believe that only through taking part in these activities can their children become mature young adults.

As we all know, school work is important. But parents should realize that the social skills their children learn from natural conversations with each other are as important as schoolwork and the skills they will need in the future work. What's more important in their work is that their children should have a sound knowledge of physics or the ability to communicate effectively.

As a rule, Chinese parents don't educate their children about the same kind of ambition and confidence as Americans do, nor do they encourage the same level of participation in extra activities. Children are typically advised to study hard and pass exams. They have to spend a lot of time in doing much schoolwork every day. It is a great waste of time to do so.

Now more and more Chinese parents have recognized that they should pay attention to developing the potential of their children. I hope that leaders in Chinese educational circles should take some measures to develop the potential of their children. I am very confident about it.

（1）From the passage, we know the American parents pay much more attention to .

A. the social skills than Chinese parents

B. their children's studying hard and well

C. what their children want but they can't

D. extra activities than schoolwork

（2）According to the passage, Chinese parents .

A. know more than American parents to educate their children

B. owning ambition and confidence is necessary and important

C. pay much more attention to their children's fine future

D. don't encourage their children to participate in extra activities

（3）From the passage, we can infer .

A. American children are brave and adventurous

B. American children are more active in their studies

C. Chinese children have the ability to communicate effectively

D. something should be done to develop the potential of the children in China

（4）What's the writer's attitude towards Chinese education reform?

A. Neutral.

B. Indifferent.

C. Positive.

D. Negative.

【答案】（1）A

（2）D

（3）D

（4）C

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，比较了中国父母和美国父母不同的教育方式，可喜的是中国父母已经意识到自己的不足，今后将更加注意孩子社交技能的培养。

(1)考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“As a rule, Chinese paren ts don't educate their children about the same kind of ambition and confidence as Americans do”，再根据前三段对美国父母对孩子的社交技能的培养推断美国的父母比中国的父母更重视孩子社交技能的培养。故选A。

(2)考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“nor do they encourage the same level of participation in extra activities”可知中国的父母不鼓励孩子参与额外的活动。故选D。

(3)考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“Now more and more Chinese parents have recognized that they should pay attention to developing the potential of their children”判断中国应该采取措施开发孩子们的潜能了。故选D。

(4)考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“I hope that leaders in Chinese educational circles shoul d take some measures to develop the potential of their children. I am very confident about it”可推断作者对中国的教育采取的是积极态度。故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

8．阅读理解

Regardless of how far we'd like to believe gender(性别) equality in the workplace has come, there's still a yawning gap between male and female leaders in the professional world. A 2018

statistic shows that women nowadays hold just 5.8 percent of CEOs positions at S&P 500 companies, according to Catalyst.

While it's not a huge shock that women are somewhat underrepresented in leadership positions, what is surprising though, is the fact that females may actually be better suited to lead

in almost every area, at least according to new findings from the BI Norwegian Business School.

In their research，Professor yvind L. Martinsen and Professor Lars Glas surveyed (调查)2,900 managers with a special focus on personality types. The results were clear: Women scored higher than men in four of the five major leadership-centric categories.

While some people believe that men inherently make better leaders — probably because they picture a leader with a commanding voice, which is more typical of men than women —this piece of research suggests that women are better at methodical management and goal-setting, openness, sociability and supportiveness, as well as ability to communicate clearly.

There was one area in which men scored higher than women, though, and that was on emotional stability and ability to face job-related pressure and stress. The results suggest that women are more sensitive to the effects of high-pressure or highly emotional situations. Obviously，it's important to consider individual(个人的) differences. Anyone, regardless of gender, may be an inspiring leader and a competent boss. But next time you're hiring for a management position, you just might want to give the resumes(简历) from female candidates a harder look.

（1）What makes us shocked much at leadership positions?

A. Women are worse than men.

B. Men take almost all high positions.

C. There is a huge gap between genders.

D. Women might behave better in every field.

（2）Which of the following can best replace the underlined word ''inherently” in paragraph 4?

A. properly

B. potentially

C. naturally

D. normally

（3）Which of the following may be the best title of this text?

A. How We Can Figure Out The Boss.

B. Why Women Are Better Than Men.

C. Why Women Make The Best Bosses.

D. How We Can Tell Gender Difference.

（4）Who might have special interest in this article?

A. Job hunters.

B. Employers.

C. Employees.

D. Male bosses.

【答案】（1）D

（2）C

（3）C

（4）B

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，在工作领域男性领导人和女性领导人地位存在不平

等现象，作者指出在领导位置上，女性可能在各个领域表现更好，倡议雇主在招聘领导岗

位员工时应多考虑女性。

(1)考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“what is surprising though, is the fact that females may actually be better suited to lead in almost every area, at least according to new findings from the

BI Norwegian Business School.”可知让人惊讶的是，在领导位置上，女性可能在各个领域表

现更好。故选D。

(2)考查词义猜测。根据第四段中的“While some people believe that men inherently make

better leaders — probably because they picture a leader with a commanding voice, which is more typical of men than women”可知人们认为男性自然能成为更好的领导者，划线词是自然地。故选C。

(3)考查主旨大意。根据第四段中的“this piece of research suggests that women are better at methodical management and goal-setting, openness, sociability and supportiveness, as well as ability to communicate clearly.”可知本文强调了女性在管理层的地位，因此“为什么女性是最好的老板”符合题意。故选C。

(4)考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“But next time you're hiring for a management position, you just might want to give the resumes(简历) from female candidates a harder look.”下次你雇佣管理岗位员工时，得知雇主们会对这篇文章感兴趣。故选B。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测，推理判断和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一篇社会现象类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

9．阅读理解

At one time or another in your life you have probably done origami, even if it was just making a paper airplane or something more complicated like a paper crane. The chances are that as you did it, you reflected on how inventive this traditional art is. Animals, boxes, flowers, boats: it all can be created from a single square or rectangular sheet of paper simply by folding it. No cutting, no pasting.

But did you ever stop to think how the same techniques might be applied to engineering? Equipment that could be of real practical use? Origami meets the demand for things that need to be small when transported and large when they arrive, like the everyday umbrella. In fact, origami-inspired creations have already flown in space; in 1995, Japanese engineers launched a satellite with solar panels that folded like a map.

'It's now mathematically proven that you can pretty much fold anything," says physicist Robert J. Lang, who quit his engineering job eight years ago to fold things full time. Lang, an origami enthusiast since age six, advised a advised well-known ear manufacturer the best way to fold an airbag into a dashboard. He is currently working on a space telescope lens that, if all goes according to plan, should be able to unfold to the size of a football field.

At the other end of the scale, researchers are also working on tiny folding devices that could lead to breakthroughs in medicine and computing. There's no doubt that computers of the future may contain tiny, folded motors or capacitors for faster processing and better memory.

Applications for origami engineering go further than many of us might imagine. "Some day," says MIT's Erik Demaine, "we'll build reconfigurable (可重构的) robots that can fold on their own from one thing into another, like Transformers. Too much like science fiction to be true? Maybe—though you certainly wouldn't want to bet against it."

（1）What do we know about origami?

A. It consumes lots of time.

B. It involves interesting ideas.

C. It requires complex techniques.

D. It has to do with cutting and pasting.

（2）Which of the following is an application of origami?

A. A space telescope lens can be folded to the size of an umbrella.

B. A satellite is equipped with solar panels and a folded map.

C. An airbag can be better folded into a dashboard of a car.

D. A future computer contains many huge folded motors.

（3）What is Erik Demaine's attitude towards origami engineering?

A. Hopeful

B. Doubtful.

C. Disapproving.

D. Ambiguous.

（4）In which section of a newspaper may this text appear?

A. Entertainment.

B. Culture.

C. Education.

D. Pop-science.

【答案】（1）B

（2）C

（3）A

（4）D

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，折纸是一种具有创造性的传统艺术，而现在它已经被应用到技术工程领域，人们利用折纸原理创造出了很多可折叠的装置。折纸工程将在很大程度上影响未来的医药、计算机和机器人行业。

（1）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“The chances are that as you did it, you reflected on how inventive this traditional art is. Animals, boxes, flowers, boats: it all can be created from a single square or rectangular sheet of paper simply by folding it. No cutting, no pasting.”可知，折纸是一个具有创造性的传统艺术，我们不用裁剪或拼贴，只通过折叠就可以把一张正方形或者三角形的纸变成动物、纸盒、花、船等东西，由此推测折纸需要有创造性的和有趣的想法。故选B。

（2）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“Lang, an origami enthusiast since age six, advised a well-known ear manufacturer the b est way to fold an airbag into a dashboard.”可知折纸爱好者Lang向一位制造商建议了把安全气囊折叠到仪表盘中的最佳方式。故选C。

（3）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“Applications for origami engineering go further than many of us might imagine”可知Erik Demaine认为折纸工程的应用远远超出了我们的想象，由此可推测Erik Demaine对折纸工程的未来充满希望。故选A。

（4）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“in 1995, Japanese engineers launched a satellite with solar panels that folded like a map.”；第三段中的“Lang, an origami enthusiast since age six, advised a advised well-known ear manufacturer the best way to fold an airbag into a dashboard.”；第四段中的“There's no doubt that computers of the future may contain tiny, folded motors or capacitors for faster processing and better memory. ”和第五段中的“‘Some day,’ says MIT's Erik Demaine, ‘we'll build reconfigurable (可重构的) robots that can fold on their own from one thing into another, like Transformers.’”可知卫星，安全气囊的折叠，未来电脑的发展和未来可重构机器人，这些都和科学技术相关，故推测本文很有可能出现在报纸的科学板块。故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

10．阅读理解

Scientists have been studying how people use money for long. Now they're finding some theories may apply to one group of monkeys.

Researchers recently taught six monkeys how to use money. They gave the monkeys small metal disks(圆片) that could be used like cash and showed them some yummy apple pieces. The monkeys soon figured out that if they gave one of the disks to a scientist, they'd receive a piece of apple in return.

If you think that is all the monkeys can figure out, you are wrong. Two researchers, Jake and Allison, acted as apple sellers in the experiments. The monkeys were tested one at a time and had 12 disks to spend in each experiment. Jake always showed the monkeys one apple piece, while Allison always showed two pieces. But that's not necessarily what they gave the monkeys. The number of apple pieces given for a disk was determined at random.

Experiment One: Allison showed two pieces of apples but gave both pieces only half the time. The other half, she took one piece away and gave the monkey just the remaining piece. Jake, on the other hand, always gave exactly what he showed: one piece for each disk. The monkeys chose to trade more with Allison.

Experiment Two: Allison continued to sometimes gave two pieces and sometimes one piece. But now, half the time, Jake gave the one apple piece he was showing, and half the time he added a bonus. Guess what? The monkeys chose to trade more with Jake.

In the first experiment, the monkeys correctly figured out that if they traded with Allison, they'd end up with more treats. In the second one, when a monkey received two pieces from Jake, it seemed like again. When Allison gave the monkey only one piece instead of the two she showed, it seemed like a loss. The monkeys preferred trading with Jake because they'd rather take a chance of seeming to win than seeming to lose.

We also sometimes make silly business decisions just to avoid the feeling that we're getting less, even when were not. Would you have made the same choices?

（1）What conclusion might experts draw from the first experiment?

A. The monkeys show certain business sense.

B. Business theories can apply to all monkeys.

C. People are smarter in terms of finance.

D. It's easy to teach monkeys how to trade.

（2）What does a bonus in paragraph 5 refer to?

A. A metal disk.

B. An apple piece.

C. A chance.

D. A coin.

（3）Why did the monkeys choose to trade more with Jake in the second experiment?

A. Because Jake always gave them two apple pieces.

B. Because the apple pieces from Jake were yummy.

C. Because they didn't like the feeling of losing.

D. Because they get more apple pieces from Jake.

（4）What could be the best title for the passage?

A. People's Business Decision: Lose or Gain?

B. Moneky's Business Sense: Smart or Silly?

C. Shopping for Bargain: Same or different?

D. Disk for Apple: Who to Trade with?

【答案】（1）A

（2）B

（3）C

（4）B

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，科学家们通过实验来说明，“猴子的商业意识：聪明还是愚蠢？”

(1)考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“The monkeys chose to trade more with Allison.”可知，专家们从第一个实验中得出的结论是“猴子表现出一定的商业意识。”故选A。

(2)考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“half the time, Jake gave the one apple piece he was showing, and half the time he added a bonus.可知，a bonus指代的是“一块苹果”，故选B。(3)考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“The monkeys preferred trading with Jake because they'd rather take a chance of seeming to win than seeming to lose.”可知，猴子在第二个实验中会选择与杰克进行更多的交易是因为他们不喜欢失去的感觉。故选C。

(4)考查主旨大意。根据第二段中的“Research ers recently taught six monkeys how to use money. ...The monkeys soon figured out that if they gave one of the disks to a scientist, they d receive a piece of apple in return.”和最后一段中的“We also sometimes make silly business decisions just to avoid the feeling that we're getting less, even when were not. Would you have made the same choices?”可知，本文说的是，猴子的商业意识：聪明还是愚蠢？故选B。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇科普类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，根据上下文进行逻辑推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

11．阅读理解

If conditions get bad enough, almost any kind of weather can become a storm.

Stormy weather can cause people to cancel their plans. It can cause major events to be postponed. And severe stormy weather can be dangerous to people, fortune and anima1.

If you weather the storm, or ride out the storm, you survive and move on without harm or injury. For example, 1et's talk about Tornado Alley, the name for part of the central United States. During springtime, this area often has a large number of powerful tornadoes. People who live there are taught to shelter in the safest place they can find and wait for the storm to pass. People who live in Tornado Alley are used to weathering many storms!

You can also weather a storm, but it doesn't involve actual weather. “To weather the storm” can also mean to make it through a difficult experience or trying times. So, if the stock market(股市)crashes, you might have to weather a financial storm.

Often before a big storm, conditions are calm. The calm before the storm can happen anytime. It is the time before something bad happens. For example, at the beginning of a family reunion, the adults were all talking happily. But the older children knew it was just the calm before the storm. They've seen it happen before. The adults talk happily for about an hour. Then they start arguing about events from the past—things that should really stay buried!

But after the storm begins and you find yourself in the middle of it, you are in the eye of the storm. In the world of weather, the eye of the storm is the calmest part, in the center of a

hurricane, for example. However, in the English language, if you are in the eye of the storm, you are in the most intense part of a conflict. For example, she had no idea that walking into the meeting would put her in the eye of the storm.

However, a brainstorm does not exist in the world of weather. To brainstorm means to try to solve a problem by talking with other people. And don't worry. If we have trouble thinking of an idea for the next program, we can always brainstorm with you!

（1）What's mainly discussed in the 3rd and 4th paragraphs?

A. What the meanings of weathering the storm are.

B. How we can weather the storm.

C. Weathering a storm doesn't involve actual weather.

D. People in Tornado Alley can survive the storm.

（2）Why does the author mention a family reunion in the fifth paragraph?

A. To stress the importance of weather forecast.

B. To develop the awareness of family.

C. To explain the meaning of an expression.

D. To praise the older children for being clever.

（3）What can be inferred from the last paragraph?

A. A problem can't be solved if you worry too much.

B. A brainstorm often appears in the world of weather.

C. Difficulties can be dealt with by teamwork.

D. To brainstorm can cause troubles in the program.

（4）What's the author's purpose in writing the text?

A. To tell us stormy weather can cause destruction.

B. To tell us some expressions about storm.

C. To tell us a storm can cause conflicts.

D. To tell us we should be ready for a storm.

【答案】（1）A

（2）C

（3）C

（4）B

【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了几个英语中与“风暴”有关的表达。（1）段落大意题。第三段第一句“If you weather the storm，or ride out the storm，you survive and move on without harm or injury. ”可知本段讲述weather the storm或者ride out the storm指安全度过；和第四段最后一句“To weather the storm can also mean to make it through a difficult experience or trying times. 可知第四段讲述To weather the storm指度过难关。故可知第三四段主要讲述weather the storm的意义是什么。故选A。

（2）推理判断题。根据第五段第二句“The calm before the storm can happen anytime. It is the time before something bad happens. ”可知暴风雨前的宁静任何事都可能发生，这是一段某些不好的事情将要发生的时间。接着作者用家庭聚会作为例子来解释这一种说法的含义，故选C。

（3）推理判断题。最后一段第二句“To brainstorm means to try to solve a problem by talking with other people. ”可知头脑风暴的意思是尝试通过与他人交流来解决一个问题，即困难可以通过团队合作来解决，故选C。

（4）主旨大意题。根据文章内容，如第五段提到暴风雨前的宁静，第六段讲“in the eye of the storm”处于风口浪尖上，最后一段说明“brainstorm”头脑风暴，可知文章主要介绍与“风暴”有关的表达，故选B。

【点评】本题考点涉及段落大意，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇说明类阅读，要求考生准确捕捉细节信息，通过题干中的关键词在文章中定位，同时根据上下文进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

12．阅读理解

Amazing concept images have shown what homes of the future could look like, as preparations are made for the world's first free from 3D-printed property (房产).

Experts will build a house called Curve Appeal, which will be 3D-printed off-site before being put together on-site to create two outside walls, a roof and an inside part. These four main sections will then be joined together.

Although 3D-printed buildings have been made before, this home - to be constructed in Chattanooga, Tennessee, later this year — will be the first of its kind, as it will contain no regular shapes or angles. The house is the creation of the design company WATG, based in London and California. The design for Curve Appeal draws inspiration from the Case Study House program.

The architects leading the program were famed for constantly pushing the limits in terms of minimalist (极简主义) materials, and trying to create open-plan spaces that focused on enhancing (增强) natural light. In a written statement, a spokesman for WATG said, “Employing many of the same modem design principles, Curve Appeal is the next evolutionary step. It's important that the architecture and the environment work together harmoniously. The chosen site is steps away from the Tennessee River in a beautiful wooded, sunlit area.”

WATG was awarded the first prize in the Freeform Home Design Challenge in 2016 and given prize money of $ 8,000 to make its plans a reality. The competition was aimed at architects, designers, engineers and artists. Participants were challenged to design a 600 to 800sq ft single-family home that rethinks traditional aesthetics (美学), ergonomics, construction, building systems and structure.

Over the last year, WATG's Chicago office has been developing their design with Branch Technology. This project is currently underway, working towards breaking ground later this year. Once completed, the Curve Appeal home will have open and light-filled inside living spaces.

（1）From the passage we can know that Curve Apple .

A. will be different from an ordinary house

B. is the first 3D-printed building

C. has apparent walls and a roof

D. was ever built in the world

（2）Where is the architect located according to Paragraph 4?

A. Far away from the Tennessee River.

B. In the woods near the Tennessee River.

C. Between the Tennessee River and the woods.

D. Next to some modem architectures.

（3）What does the Freeform Home Design Challenge do?

A. It motivates participants to design at random.

B. It emphasizes traditions rather than modernization.

C. It sponsors competitors when necessary.

D. It helps put creative ideas into practice.

（4）What's the passage mainly about? A. What our homes will look like in the future. B. The Freeform Home Design Challenge. C. The world's first freeform 3D-printed house. D. The development of 3D in architecture.

【答案】（1）A

（2）B

（3）D

（4）C

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了世界上第一个免费的3D 打印房子。

(1)考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“Experts will build a house call ed Curve Appeal, which will be 3D-printed off-site before being put together on-site to create two outside walls, a roof and an inside part. These four main sections will then be joined together.”可知，Curve Apple 不同于一般的房子。故选A 。

(2)考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“The chosen sit e is steps away from the Tennessee River in a beautiful wooded, sunlit area.”可知，建筑师住在the Tennessee River 附近的树林里。故选B 。

(3)考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段中的“WATG was awarded the first prize in the Freeform Home Design Challenge in 2016 and given prize money of $ 8,000 to make its plans a reality. The competition was aimed at architects, designers, engineers and artists.”可知，the Freeform Home Design Challenge 有助于把创造性的想法付诸实践。故选D 。

(4)考查主旨大意。根据第三段中的“Although 3D -printed buildings have been made before, this home - to be constructed in Chattanooga, Tennessee, later this year — will be the first of its kind, as it will contain no regular shapes or angles.”可知，本文主要谈论的是世界上第一个免费的3D 打印房子。故选C 。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇科普类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

13．阅读理解

Come to the AG Society's expedition (探险) program and you will surely get unique experiences! SWIM WITH THE HUMPBACKS OF TONGA Dairen Jew and his team are your hosts for an unforgettable AG Society adventure, filled with in-water meetings with humpback 11-DAY KIMBERLEY COAST CRUISE

The AG Society is partnering with APT to present an exciting voyage along the Kimberley coastline from Broome to Darwin. Expedition cruising

whales (座头鲸) in the Kingdom of Tonga's group of islands.

WHO: Darren Jew's Whales Underwater

DATES: 26 September-4 October 2018

COST: $ 5,450 per person

BOOKINGS: Call 0756679413, email reservations @ https://www.sodocs.net/doc/318943211.html, or visit https://www.sodocs.net/doc/318943211.html,

offers the easiest way to explore the Kimberley. Guests on this 11-day voyage will go ashore, explore natural wonders, meet traditional owners, see rock art and spot wildlife. WHO: APT DATES: 6-16 September 2018

COST: $ 13,395 per person

BOOKINGS: Visit https://www.sodocs.net/doc/318943211.html,.au LIGHTNING RIDGE FOSSIL DIG The AG Society offers you a chance to hunt for fossils (化石). Guided by experts, you'll go to special locations, seeking new fossils for the collections of the Australian Opal Centre. Your discoveries will further establish these museum collections as a world-class scientific and cultural resource. There are also a series of lectures on mining history, fossils, dinosaur hunting and new dinosaurs. WHO: Australian Opal Centre DATES: 20-25 August 2018 COST: $ 2,200 per person, including all activities and lunches and dinners BOOKINGS: Call 0427904587, email dig @ https://www.sodocs.net/doc/318943211.html, or visit australian opalcentre. com

AG DKVIL ARK FXPEDITION Come and join Tim Faulkner for a unique hands-on experience with this Tasmanian devil (袋獾) feeding program in the beautiful Barrington Tops of NSW. You'll get to see devils up close as you assist with feeding individuals. In addition to working with the animals, there'll be opportunities to explore the area's natural treasures and spot local wildlife. Don't miss your chance to get involved in this important conservation effort. WHO: Devil Ark DATES: 24-26 November 2018 COST: $ 1,750 per person BOOKINGS: Call 024*******, email info@ https://www.sodocs.net/doc/318943211.html,. au or visit https://www.sodocs.net/doc/318943211.html,. au

A. go to seek new fossils individually

B. learn something about mining history

C. collect the world-class scientific fossils

D. become an expert and go to special locations

（2）What can you do if you take part in AG DEVIL ARK EXPEDITION?

A. Help protect wildlife.

B. Learn about dinosaurs.

C. Watch humpback whales.

D. Enjoy an exciting voyage.

（3）Which program will you choose if you want to enjoy rock art?

A. AG DEVIL ARK EXPEDITION.

B. LIGHTNING RIDGE FOSSIL DIG.

C. 11-DAY KIMBERLEY COAST CRUISE.

D. SWIM WITH THE HUMPBACKS OF TONGA

【答案】（1）B

（2）A

（3）C

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了AG 协会的四个远征计划的具体信息。

(1)考查细节理解。根据If you join in LIGHTNING RIDGE FOSSIL DIG 部分中的“There are also a series of lectures on mining history, fossils, dinosaur hunting and new dinosaurs.”可知，有一系列关于采矿史、化石、恐龙狩猎和新恐龙的讲座。故选B 。

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