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高考英语被动语态练习题及答案

一、单项选择被动语态

1．— Did he decide to take part in the competition?

— Yes, of course. He _____ to.

A．has been encouraging B．had been encouraged

C．has been encouraged D．was to be encouraged

【答案】B

【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：——他决定参加比赛吗？——是的，当然。他已经被鼓励参加比赛。根据he和动词encourage之间的逻辑关系分析，此处应该使用被动形式，故先排除A 项。再和第一句话的一般过去时态结合起来分析，此处应该使用过去完成时态的被动语态。故选B。

2．Our teacher keeps telling us that the future to the well-educated.

A．belonging B．belongs C．is belonging D．is belonged

【答案】B

【解析】

考查短语：belong to 属于，没有进行时态没有被动语态。故答案选B。

3．A rescue worker risked his life saving two tourists who ________ in the mountains for two days.

A．are trapping B．have been trapped

C．were trapping D．had been trapped

【答案】D

【解析】

考查语态和时态。句意：一个救援人员冒着生命危险挽救了两个被困在山里两天的旅游者。“who ___ in the mountains for two days”是定语从句，修饰two tourists，two tourists和trap之间是被动关系，该空应用被动语态。由risked可知，营救人员救游客是过去的事情，被困两天发生在营救人员救了他们之前，即“过去的过去”，该空应用过去完成时态。综上，D选项正确。

点睛：过去完成时表示过去某一时间或动作以前已经发生或完成了的动作，即“过去的过去”，其表达形式为had done，被动语态的表达形式为had been done。

4．It was the natural disaster, rather than human errors, that ________ for the death of so many innocent people.

A．are blamed B．was to blame C．was blamed D．were to blame

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

考查主谓一致以及be to blame的用法。句意：是自然灾害，而不是人为错误，应对这么多

无辜人类的死亡负责。be to blame for…表示“应受责备，应对……负责”时，固定短语，因此排除A、C项；这里强调主语the natural disaster，是一个强调句，谓语动词应与主语保持

一致，即与the natural disaster保持一致，因此用was to blame，故选B项。

5．—Have you moved into the new house?

—Not yet. It ________.

A．has been built B．was built

C．is being built D．had been built

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词的时态和语态。句意：——你搬进新家了吗？——仍旧没有，它仍旧正

在建设。根据语境可知，It指代上文提到的the new house，是第三人称单数，与built是被动关系，用被动语态，结合句意，built这一动作表示正在进行的动作。故选C。

6．Oral English exams _______ in China twice a year to give more chances to the students. A．has held B．will be held

C．will hold D．has been held

【答案】B

【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：英语口语考试将在中国每年举行两次，为的是给学生更

多的机会。句中主语Oral English exams和动词hold是被动关系，表示动作将要进行不是完成，排除D，故选B。

7．Local governments to strengthen water transport safety management recent fatal accidents.

A．are urging, followed B．are being urged, following

C．are urged, to follow D．urge, being followed

【答案】B

【解析】考查谓语动词的时态及语态。句意：最近接连发生的致命事故敦促地方政府加强

水路运输安全管理。urge sb. to do sth.，为固定搭配。“敦促某人做某事”。分析句意可知是事故促使政府加强管理。因此政府与敦促是被动关系，故A与D是错误的。事件已发生了故不能用to follow作定语， following，后面的，其次的，下列的。因此要用B。

8．105．The International Olympic Committee announces here that an in crease of 15 events to the program of the 2020 Tokyo Olympic Games.

A．will make B．will be made

C．has been made D．had made

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词时态和语态。句意：国际奥委会宣布在2020年东京奥运会上将增加15

个比赛项目。从年份2020可以看出是将来的动作，项目和增加是被动关系，故要用将来时的被动，故选B。

9．—Have you heard of yesterday's gas explosion?

—Yes. Only two of the 35 miners at the scene ________ to have made it out safely.

A．have thought B．are thought

C．had thought D．were thought

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

考查时态语态。句意：——你听说昨天的瓦斯爆炸了吗?——是的，在现场的35名矿工中，只有两名被认为安全获救。此处指现在只有2个人被认为安全获救，用一般现在时的被动语态，故选B.

10．Quantities of soil ________ in the area, resulting in the increasing number of natural disasters.

A．is washed away B．have washed away

C．have washed away D．have been washed away

【答案】D

【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：在这个地区大量的土壤被冲走了，结果导致自然灾害数量增加。句中soil和wash away是被动关系，此处指土壤已经被冲走并对现在造成影响，故要用现在完成时，要用现在完成时的被动语态，故选D。

11．Louis Cha (金庸) passed away. As for his achievement, there is such a comment, “He ______ the Nobel Prize for Literature with hi s written works translated into English.”

A．could have been rewarded B．must have been rewarded

C．should be rewarded D．need have been rewarded

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

考查情态动词+have done用法。句意：金庸去世了，至于他的成就，有这样的评论：他本能获得诺贝尔文学奖用他的被翻译成了英语的著作。A. could have been rewarded本可以被授予；B. must have been rewarded一定被授予；C. should be rewarded应该被授予；D. need have been rewarded本必要被授予。根据语境，A选项正确。

【点睛】

could have done可用于肯定句、疑问句和否定句。用于肯定句既可以表示过去能够做而实际未做，有惋惜、遗憾或委婉批评之意，通常译为“本来可以”“本来能”，也可以表示对过去动作的推测，常可译为“可能（已经)”。本句表达金庸本能获得诺贝尔文学奖，但却没有获得的惋惜。故A选项正确。

12．With more forests being destroyed, huge quantities of good earth ________ each year.

A．is washing away B．is being washed away

C．are washing away D．are being washed away

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

本题考查现在进行时的被动语态和主谓一致。解题步骤：1. 确定谓语单复数：根据quantity的用法，quantities of和a quantity of后面都可加不可数名词与可数名词复数，但

它们作主语时，quantities of...后面的谓语动词用复数，而a quantity of...的谓语动词用单

数，故排除A、D项。2. 确定第二空：随着森林的被毁，土壤正在被冲走，故应该用现在

进行时的被动语态。句意：随着森林的被毁，大量的优质土壤每年都被冲走。综上，故选

D项。

【名师点拨】

quantities of和a quantity of后面加可数名词复数，做主语时后面的谓语动词用复数形式；quantities of后面加不可数名词，做主语时后面的谓语动词用复数形式；a quantity of后面

加不可数名词，做主语时后面的谓语动词用单数形式。https://www.sodocs.net/doc/3813577343.html,rge quantities of money have been sent there大量的钱已经被送到那里；A large quantity of money has been wasted.大量的钱已经被浪费；2.A large quantity of books have been offered to us.大量的书已经提供给我们； Quantities of nuts are on the table.大量的坚果在桌子上。

13．—Are we about to have dinner?

—Yes，it ________ in the dining room.

A．serves B．is serving

C．is being served D．has been serving

【答案】C

【解析】

考查时态。因serve与it(dinner)是动宾关系，要用被动语态；由问句中的are about to(即将) have dinner和答语Yes可知，已“在”供应dinner了，故用现在进行时的被动语态。故选

C。

14．Now the world’s attention ________ the stocking markets, as they have great influence on the world’s economy.

A．is fixing on B．is being fixed on

C．has fixed on D．had been fixed on

【答案】B

【解析】考查时态语态。句意：现在世界关注的焦点都在股票市场上，因为它们对世界经济已经产生了很大的影响。 attention与focus之间为被动关系，Now提示用现在进行时。

15．—The window is dirty.

—I know. It ________ for weeks.

A．hasn’t cleaned B．didn’t clean

C．wasn’t cleaned D．hasn’t been cleaned

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

本题考查时态和语态。解题步骤：1. 确定时态：这里表达过去没有擦窗户的事情对现在的影响就是窗户很脏，现在完成时可以表示过去发生的事情对现在的影响，也可以表示过去发生的事情持续到现在。2. 确定语态：主语it与谓语clean为被动关系。句意：—窗户很脏。—我知道，这些窗户已经很几个星期没有被擦了。故选D。

16．—Will Uncle Peterson come to my birthday party tomorrow?

—Pity he ______ to Zimbabwe as a volunteer teacher.

A．was sent B．has been sent

C．had been sent D．would be sent

【答案】B

【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：——Peterson叔叔明天会来参加我的生日聚会吗？——很可惜他已经被派到Zimbabwe去做志愿教师了。由语境可知，Uncle Peterson被派到Zimbabwe这是发生在过去的事情，这个动作对现在产生了影响，故该空应用现在完成时态。且主语he和send之间是被动关系，故该句要用被动语态。综上，B选项正确。

17．(江苏四校第四次考试)The flood has caused a lot of damage to that area and the figures of the missing________shortly.

A．will be published B．have been published

C．had been published D．are published

【答案】A

【解析】

考查时态。shortly不久，不多时，在句中作时间状语，表示将来，所以空处应该用将来时。句意为：这场洪水给那一地区造成了很大损失，失踪人数很快就会公布。

答案：A

18．The two nurses ________ 100，000 yuan by the police but donated it to victims of the explosion.

A．rewarded B．would be rewarded

C．have been rewarded D．had been rewarded

【答案】D

【解析】

试题分析：句意：这两位护士被警方奖赏100，000元，但是她们把钱捐给了爆炸事故的受害者。根据“but donated it to victims of the explosion.”，可知“她们把钱捐给了爆炸事故的受害者”已经是发生在过去的事情，而“两位护士被警方奖赏100，000元”是发生在过去的过

去，故用过去完成时，且“两位护士”和“奖赏”是被动关系，故用被动语态，选D。

考点：考查时态和语态

19．—Are we about to having dinner?

—Yes, it ________ in the dining room.

A．serve B．is serving

C．is being served D．has been serving

【答案】C

【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：——我们准备去吃饭吗？——是的，饭菜正在餐厅被供应。it是指饭菜，和动作serve之间是被动关系，且动作正在进行，四个选项中只有C项

是现在进行时的被动语态，故选C。

20．All the doctors in the hospital insisted that he ____ badly wounded and that he ____ at once. A．should be; be operated on

B．were; must be operated on

C．be; was operated on

D．was; be operated on

【答案】D

【解析】

试题分析：考查insist的用法。句意：医院里所有的医生都认为他受伤很严重，要求他立

即动手术。insist作“坚决要求做某事”讲时，要用虚拟语气；当“坚持说，坚持陈述某事实”解时，用陈述语气。

考点 : 考查insist的用法

21．They are trying to make sure that 5G terminals ________ by 2022 for the Beijing Winter Olympics.

A．will install B．will have been installed C．are installed

D．have been installed

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

考查时态和语态。句意：他们正努力确保在2022年北京冬奥会之前安装5G终端。表示在将来某一时间以前已经完成或一直持续的动作，用将来完成时；“5G终端”和“安装”之间是被动关系，用被动语态，故选B。

22．The accident which left 15 people on board dead ________ if both the angry female passenger and the bus driver had kept calm.

A．should have avoided B．should be avoided

C．could have avoided D．could have been avoided

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

考查“情态动词+完成式”。句意：如果愤怒的女乘客和巴士司机保持冷静，这起导致15人死亡的事故本来是可以避免的。could have done“本来能做而没有做”，且句子主语The accident和谓语动词avoid之间是被动关系，结合句意可知答案为D。

【点睛】

情态动词+ have done结构：

1.“must + have + 过去分词”表示对过去发生的事情或状态进行推测，语气比较坚定，通常只用于肯定句。如：It must have rained last night,for the ground is wet.

2.“can / could + have + 过去分词”表示对过去某种情况的怀疑或不确定。can和could一般用于否定句和疑问句，could的语气较can弱。如：He can't have finished the work so soon.

3.“may / might + have + 过去分词”表示对已发生的动作或存在的状态进行不肯定的推测，might的语气比may弱一点。这种结构主要用于肯定句和否定句，疑问句改用can或could。如：They may not have known it beforehand.

4.“need + have + 过去分词”表示过去做了不必做或不需要做的事情，或过去做某事纯属多余。如：I needn't have bought so much wine—only five people came.

5.“should / ought to + have + 过去分词”表示过去本该做某事但没做，其否定式表示过去不该做某事但做了，这种句式含有不满或责备之意，ought to的语气比should强一些。如：You ought to / should have studied harder. 你本应该更努力学习的.（但没有）

He oughtn't to / shouldn't have done that. 他本来就不该做那件事.（可是做了）

6.“would ＋ have ＋过去分词”表示对过去的某种情况进行猜测，或本来要做某事却因某种原因未做成，通常用来说明某一情况，但不像用should或ought to那样含有责备之意。如：

I guess the poet would have been about twenty when she wrote her first poem.

Another worker wouldn't have acted like that.

23．Every year a flood of farmers arrive in Shenzhen for the money-making jobs they_____ before leaving their hometowns.

A．promised B．were promised

C．have promised D．have been promised

【答案】D

【解析】

句意为：每年大量农民工涌入深圳，去寻找他们离乡前别人给他们许诺的挣钱的工作。此处农民工是“被许诺工作”，需用被动语态，故排除A和C两项；B项仅表一般过去时的被动；D项表示“已经被许诺”，故选D。

24．The Olympic Sports Center _______at present in the city and is said to be open to the public in 2019

A．is built B．has built C．is being built D．will be built

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

考查时态语态。句意：奥运会体育中心现在正在被建。据说2019年会对公众开放。句中时间状语是at present意为“现在”，介绍正在发生的事情，主语the Olympic Sports Center与build该词被动关系，所以要用现在进行时的被动语态。故C项正确。

25．Every possible means ________ to prevent the air pollution, but sky is still not clear.

A．is used B．are used C．have used D．has been used

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

考查主谓一致和动词时态语态。句意：所有可能的方法都被用来防止空气污染，但天空仍然不明朗。means当名词解释为"方法"，单复数同型，且every+主语，谓语动词用单数；means与动词use之间是被动关系，根据语境“所有的方法都用了”，应该用现在完成时的被动语态。故选D。

【点睛】

“each/every+单数名词+and+单数名词”等结构作主语

当“each/every+单数名词+and+单数名词”或“each/every+单数名词+and+ each/every+单数名词”结构作主语时，谓语动词通常用单数形式。如：

Each boy and each girl has been invited to the teaparty. 每个男孩和每个女孩都被邀请参加茶话会。

The boy and the girl each have their own toys. 这个男孩和这个女孩都有他们自己的玩具。

26．This company _____ roundly by unionists and social justice groups when it fired a number of workers for no reason a decade ago.

A．condemned B．has condemned C．has been condemned D．was condemned 【答案】D

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查时态及语态。句意：十年前，当这家公司莫名其妙解雇许多员工时，收到了工会和社会正义团体的严厉谴责。该句有明显的时间状语a decade ago十年前，只能跟一般过去时连用。结合句意，这家公司是被谴责，所以要用被动语态。故选D项。

【点睛】

解时态题，可以结合句中的时间状语，选择相应的时态。至于语态，则根据句意来判断。比如该题有明显的时间状语a decade ago，这是典型的用一般过去时的标志，结合句意，这家公司是被谴责，所以必须要用被动语态，所以选择一般过去时的被动语态。

27．—Why didn’t you attend the assembly this morning?

—But I ________ anything about that.

A．didn’t te ll B．haven’t told C．hadn’t been told D．haven’t been told 【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

考查时态和语态。句意：——你为什么没有参加今天早上的集会？——没人告诉我。主语I 和tell之间是动宾关系，故用被动语态，又“没有告诉”的动作发生在今天早上之前，即过去之过去，故用过去完成时的被动语态，即had been done，故选C项。

28．I saw Jack in the lift this morning. He around here for a long time.

A．won't be seen B．wasn't seen

C．hasn't been seen D．hadn't been seen

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

考查过去完成时态的被动语态。句意：今天早上我在电梯里看见杰克。他好久没在这附近露面了。根据this morning可知，这是过去的事情；再根据for a long time可知，此空是更靠前的动作，且句子主语He和see之间是一种被动关系，所以用过去完成时态，故选D。

29．It's great that all the visitors who on the island were saved.

A．trapped B．have been trapped

C．had trapped D．had been trapped

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

考查时态和被动语态。句意：所有被困在岛上的游客都得救了，这真是太棒了。由were saved可知此事发生在过去，且被困应在被救之前，应用过去完成时；同时，visitors和trap构成被动关系，应使用过去完成时的被动语态。故D选项正确。

30．It is ______ that the financial crisis is disappearing in some countries.

A．reported B．to report C．reporting D．being reported 【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

考查被动语态。句意：据报道，金融危机正在一些国家消退。句中It为形式主语，that引导的从句为主语从句，是真正的主句的主语，所缺词为主句谓语动词，主语与动词report 是逻辑上的动宾关系，是动作的接受者，所以用被动语态。故选A。

31．—I saw your uncle take a taxi to the airport. Why didn’t you drive him there?

—I __________. But my car ___________ .

A．would; was fixed B．would have; was fixed

C．would have; was being fixed D．did; was being fixed

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

考查虚拟语气和动词时态。句意：---我看见你叔叔坐出租车去机场了。你为什么不开车送他去那里呢？---我本来想送他了。但是我的汽车当时正在修理。根据语境可知说话人表示本来想做但是没有做的事情，应该用would have done；而修理汽车是指当他叔叔去机场的时候，表示过去正在进行的动作，故答案选C。

32．Shakespeare’s play Hamlet into at least ten different films over the past years. A．had been made B．was made

C．has been made D．would be made

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

考查动词的时态与语态。句意：在过去的几年里，莎士比亚的戏剧《哈姆雷特》至少被拍成了十部不同的电影。over the past years表示的是从过去到现在的动作，所以句子用现在完成时；Shakespeare’s play Hamlet与谓语make为被动关系，因此选择现在完成时被动语态。故选C。

33．After completing the training, I, together with my classmates, ____ to the town that was far from the city.

A．were sent B．was sent C．have been sent D．has been sent

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

考查时态和主谓一致。句意：完成了训练，我和我的同学被送往了远离城市的一个小镇。together with（和）符合就远原则，故现在只看主语I，是单数；根据下文的was判断为一般过去时，send和主语I之间是动宾关系，故用被动语态，即一般过去时的被动语态，主语是单数，故用was sent，故选B项。

【点睛】

本题考查就远原则，即谓语动词的形式和前面的那部分主语保持一致。常见的符合就远原则的词或短语有：as well as;(together/along/combined) with; rather than; except; besides; but; including; in addition to; apart from；instead of等

例如：

1. Nobody but two students is in the classroom.除了这两个学生,没有人在教室。

2. Everybody except you is down on me.除了你,大家都看不起我。

3. A woman with two children has come.一位妇女带着两个孩子已经来了。

4. John, rather than his roommates, is to blame.约翰,而不是他的室友,应该受到责备。

34．This kind of cloth_______well and large quantities of the cloth ________.

A．is sold； have been sold B．is sold; has been sold

C．sells； have been sold D．sells ; has been sold

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

考查动词的时态语态。句意：这种布销路很好，已售出大量。sell/wash/burn 等词在表示事物的状态、特点时，可以用主动表被动，因此第一个空应选 sells；第二空表示“出售，卖”的动作，用被动语态，且强调对现在的影响应该用现在完成时态，故正确答案为C。

35．With the help of high technology, more and more new substances ___in the past few years. A．discovered B．have discovered

C．had been discovered D．have been discovered

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

考查时态语态。句意：因为有高科技的帮助，在最近几年中，越来越多的新物质已经被发现了。根据时间状语in the past few years,说明使用现在完成时。根据句意新物质和发明之间用被动形式。故D正确。

36．As is estimated, more than 20 million shared bikes ______ into operation nationwide by 2025.

A．will have been put B．will have put C．have been put D．will be putting

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

考查动词时态语态。句意：据估计，到2025年为止，全国将有2000多万辆共享单车投入运营。根据by 2025可知应用将来完成时，且主语与谓语动词构成被动关系，故应为将来完成时的被动语态。故选A。

37．A lot of small towns in the area are definitely worth ________.

A．to be visited B．being visited C．visiting D．to visit

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

主动形式表达被动意义。句意：这个地区的许多小城镇绝对值得一游。be worth doing

sth“值得做某事”，主动形式表达被动意义。故选C项。

38．We must apply what we have learned to our work because in no case ______ from practice. A．should theory separate B．theory should be separated

C．theory should separate D．should theory be separated

【答案】D

【解析】

试题分析：句意：我们必须把我们学到的应用到实际生活中去，因为在任何情况下理论都不应该脱离实际。这里是apply sth to sth把……应用到……，in no case在从句中的句首，所以应该用倒装，又因为theory与separate之间是被动关系，故选D。

考点：考查倒装的用法。

点评：本题难度适中。倒装是高中阶段的重要的语法项目，它们的各种情况比较多，需要考生牢记它们的用法，但是在从句中的这种倒装更增加了试题的难度。

即学即练：Can you explain_______most deserts are located near the west coast of the continents?

A. why is it that

B. why it is that

C. how it is that

D. how is it that

解析：B。句意：由句子结构可知，强调句型“it is ...that”对宾语从句的引导词进行强调，应用陈述语序，再由句意可知，选B。

39．Please don’t stand up in class until you ______.

A．were told to B．are told

C．are told to D．were told

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

考查省略句。句意：直到有人叫你站起来，你才可以在课堂上站起来。在一定的上下文中，为了避免重复，动词不定式在句中可以被省略掉，但是要保留动词不定式的符号to。分析句子可知，本句为一般现在时。故C选项正确。

【点睛】

to代替不定式

在一定的上下文中，为了避免重复，动词不定式在句中可以被省略掉，但是要保留动词不定式的符号to。to代替不定式，常同refuse, want, seem, intend, expect, hope, like, be afraid, prefer, care, oblige, forget, wish, try，tell等动词连用。

注意：如果不定式中含有be, have,或have been，一般要保留be, have或have been。

本句还原为：Please don’t stand up in class until you are told to stand up。省略句为：Please don’t stand up in class u ntil you are told to 。故C选项正确。

40．New energy-sharing projects _____ in dozens of cities across the country to fuel China’s sharing economy in the next few years.

A．are to carry out B．are being carried out

C．were carried out D．will have been carried out

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

考查时态及语态。句意：新的能源共享项目正在全国数十个城市开展，目的是给中国未来几年的经济提供动力。根据语境可知，表示新的能源共享项目正在城市中开展实施，才能给中国的经济提供动力。要用现在进行时。New energy-sharing projects 与动词carry out是被动关系，因此要用现在进行时的被动语态。A. are to carry out一般将来时的被动，表示将实施，B. are being carried out一般现在时的被动，表示正在被实施，C. were carried out 表示动作发生在过去，一般过去时的被动；D. will have been carried out将来完成时的被动。故选B。

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