(完整word版)英国文学史 复习资料 大纲 英语专业必考
一．作家作品连线
1.Geoffrey Chaucer乔叟——The Canterbury Tales(坎特伯雷故事)，The Book of The Duchess（公爵夫人之书）、The Parliament of Fowls（百鸟会议）The House of Fame(声誉之堂)、Troilus and Criseyde（特罗勒斯与克丽西德）
2.William Shakespeare莎士比亚——Hamlet, Romeo and Juliet, Sonnet
The Merchant of Venice，Henry IV， Twelfth Night， King Lear，Macbeth 3.Francis Bacon培根——（Essays）Of Marriage and Single Life（轮婚姻和单身）, Of Studies
4.John Donne邓恩 (Metaphysical poems玄学派诗人)—— Song and Sonnets （歌与十四行诗）, Holy Sonnets（圣十四行诗）
5.John Milton 弥尔顿—— Paradise Lost（失乐园）、 Paradise Regained （复乐园）Samson Agonistes（力士参孙）
6.Daniel Defoe笛福——The Life and strange Surprising Adventures of Robinson Crusoe（鲁滨孙漂流记）、Captain Singleton(辛格顿船长)、Moll Flanders（摩尔·弗兰德斯）A Journal of the Plague Year（大疫年日记）、Roxana（罗克萨娜）
7.Jonathan Swift斯威夫特——Gulliver’s Travel s（格列佛游记） A Tale of a Tub （一只桶的故事）,A Modest Proposal（一个温和的建议）
8.William Blake布莱克—— Song of Innocence（天真之歌）, Song of experience（经验之歌）, Poetical Sketches（诗的素描）, The Book of Thel （塞尔书）
9.Robert Burns彭斯——Auld Lang Syne, A Red Red Rose,
10.William Wordsworth华兹华斯——I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud
11.Samuel Taylor Coleridge柯勒律治——Kubla Khan（忽必烈汗），Biographia Literia （文学传记）、Lyrical Ballads (抒情歌谣集)
12.Jane Austen简·奥斯丁—— Pride and Prejudice
二、术语解释
1、Epic（史诗）: A long narrative poem telling about the deeds of a great
hero and reflecting the values of the society from which it originated.
It started in the 5th century, Beowulf was an important epic.
2、Humanism(人文主义):In the 15th century, It is
a philosophical and ethical stance that emphasizes the value
and agency of human beings, individually and collectively prefers critical thinking and evidence over established doctrine or faith. Thomas More wrote Utopia.
3、Renaissance（文艺复兴）: The term originally indicated a revival of
classical (Greek and Roman) arts and sciences after the dark ages of medieval obscurantism. It started in the 15th century. Thomas More wrote Utopia.
4、Metaphysical poetry（玄学派）: In the17th century , metaphysical poetry
is characterized by verbal wit and excess, ingenious structure, irregular meter, colloquial language, elaborate imagery, and a drawing together of dissimilar ideas. John Donne wrote Songs and Sonnets.
5、Neoclassicism（新古典主义）: A revival in the 17th agogo of order,
balance, and harmony in literature. Alexander Pope（亚历山大·蒲柏）translated Homer's epic "The Iliad" and "Odyssey”
6、Enlightenment（启蒙主义）: In the 18th century, the Enlightenment on
the whole, was an expression of struggle of the then progressive class of bourgeois against feudalism. Jonathan Swift wrote Gulliver’s travels.
7、Essay（散文）: A piece of prose writing, usually short, that deals with
a subject in a limited way and expresses a particular point or view.
The essay was flourished in the 18th century because of the fiction. Daniel Defoe wrote the Robinson Crusoe.
8、Sentimentalism（感伤主义）: In the 18th century, sentimentalism came
into being as a result of a bitter discontent on the part of certain enlighteners in social reality. The Deserted Village was written by Oliver Goldsmith.
9、Romanticism（浪漫主义）: A movement that flourished in literature,
philosophy, music, and art in Western culture during most of the 19th century. Robert Burns wrote A Red ,Red Rose.
10、Sonnet（十四行诗）: A fourteen-line lyric poem, usually written
in rhymed iambic pentameter. A sonnet generally expresses a single theme or idea. Sonnet 18 is one of important sonnets written by Shakespear.十四行诗很多，我没确定哪个世纪。
三、解答
1.就莎士比亚的一部作品做出解析
Hamlet is the profoundest expression of Shakespeare’s humanism and his criticism of contemporary life.The play opens with Hamlet’s appearing
in a mood of world-weariness caused by his father’s death and by his mother’s hasty marriage with his uncle, and ends up with the death of major characters.
Hamlet is a man free from medieval prejudices and superstitions. He has an unbounded love for the world rather than for heaven. He cherishes a profound reverence for man, and a firm belief in man’s power over destiny.
Shakespeare expressed the traditional aspects of themes, such as hesitation, inherited sin and corruption, sons seeking revenge, deception, ambition, madness, loyalty, empty existence.
Hamlet is usually regarded as the summit of his art.
2.鲁滨逊漂流记的人物形象和情节
Plot: It is the story of Robinson Crusoe, an Englishman who is shipwrecked in a lonely island. He lives on this lonely island and becomes self-sufficient. After 23 years he meets with a group of cannibals and rescues one of their prisoners, a young native whom he calls Friday. Crusoe and Friday become close friends, and when they are finally rescued four years later, both return to England.
Characteristics
Robinson Crusoe who desires adventure never gives in the simple life. He is not a traditional hero or epic adventurer. He is always ready to admit unheroic feelings of fear or panic, as when he finds the footprint on the beach. Crusoe prefers to describe himself as an ordinary sensible
man never as an exceptional hero.
3.乔叟对英国文学的贡献
Geoffrey Chaucer is an outstanding English poet before Shakespeare and “the first finder of our language.” His The Canterbury Tales ranks as one of the greatest poetic works in English. He also contributed importantly in the second half of the 14th century to the management of public affairs as courtier, diplomat, and civil servant. In that career he was trusted and aided by three successive kings—Edward III, Richard II, and Henry IV. But it is his avocation—the writing of poetry—for which he is remembered.
4.在失乐园指撒旦的形象（The Image of Satan）
(1)Satan in the poem is a rebel who rises against God and, though defeated, still seeks for revenge. He is by far the most striking character in the poem.
(2)Satan is the real hero of the poem. He is admired and respected by his fellow-angels. He goes through many obstacles and makes revolt against God. Though weaker in force, he remains superior in nobility. He welcomes his defeat and his torments as a glory, a liberty and a joy.(spirit of revolution)
(3)Satan is the spirit questioning the authority of God.
5.培根散文节选段落评价(Characteristics of Bacon’s Essays)
是不是应该选择一个文章来评价？比如谈读书什么的？这是对于他全集的评价
Bacon’s essays are characterized by their conciseness and brevity, simplicity and forcefulness, practicality and versatility.
His essays have been considered as a reformation of popular euphuism(夸饰文体)of his contemporaries. Usually each essay discusses a single subject, for instance, Of Beauty, Of Marriage, Of Riches, Of Studies. Short as they are, these essays show Bacon’s profundity in understanding man and society.
These essays cover a wide variety of subjects, such as love, truth, friendship, parents and children, beauty, studies, youth and age and many others．They have won popularity for his clearness, brevity (简短) and force of expression．
选择了（论读书）
Of studies in detail discussed the purpose and function of reading, analyzes many different attitudes towards reading and introduces the methods of reading. Bacon in this this essay uses the parallelism. This essay is one of the important article.
Bacon’s essays are characterized by their conciseness and brevity, simplicity and forcefulness, practicality and versatility.
His essays have been considered as a reformation of popular euphuism(夸饰文体)of his contemporaries. Usually each essay discusses a single subject, for instance, Of Beauty, Of Marriage, Of Riches, Of Studies. Short as they are, these essays show Bacon’s profundity in understanding man and society. 6.傲慢与偏见的情节(Pride and Prejudice)
Elizabeth was born to a family of small landowners four sisters, Jane, Mary, Katie and Lydia. They have a little monotonous quiet life along with the two young guys coming up and it is undeniable and eliminate the waves. Bingley is healthy and progressive and rich Darcy is a good friend, became acquainted with the town lure of this home.Elizabeth is both intelligent and strong-minded woman. Although Darcy and Elizabeth from Pride and Prejudice, respectively, while the other left out, unaware of their true mind, but they really attracted to each other. Finally, in
Elizabeth's sister after the elopement with Lydia, Darcy save her reputation. They gradually eliminate misunderstanding between them , eventually engaged.
7.对18世纪英国文学做一个总结（ppt上的）
The main literary stream of the 18th century was realism. What the writers described in their works were social realities. The main characters were usually common men. Most of the writers concentrated their attention to daily life.
Novel writing made a big advance in this century. The main characters in the novels were no longer kings and nobles but the common people.
8.格列佛游记的情节
When Lemuel Gulliver sets off from London on a sea voyage, little does he know the many incredible and unbelievable misadventures awaiting him. Shipwrecked at sea and nearly drowned, he washes ashore upon an exotic island called Lilliput-where the people are only six inches tall! Next he visits a land of incredible giants called Brobdingnagians. They are more than sixty feet tall! He travels to Laputa, a city that floats in the sky, and to Glubbdubdrib, the Island of Sorcerers. His final voyage brings him into contact with the Yahoos-a brutish race of subhumans-and an intelligent and virtuous race of horse, the Houyhnhnms.
四、诗歌赏析
（赏析:形式、音韵、主题、语言风格。这是老师说的，应该是其中几个方面）1、In terms of content :内容
1) Lyrical Poems（抒情诗）：Songs（韵文)、odes（颂诗）、Elegy（挽诗）
2) Narrative Poems（叙事诗）：Epics (史诗) 、ballads（民谣）
3) Dramatic Poems（戏剧诗）
2、In terms of metre （音韵）：
1) Metrical Poems（格律诗）：Regular Rhyme; Regular Rhythm; Definite
Number of Lines
2)Irregular Rhyme and Rhythm（自由诗）; Irregular Number of Lines
3) Without Rhyme（无韵诗/素体诗）; With Rhythm
3、主题：据具体诗歌而定（赞赏** 歌颂**）
4、语言风格：Romantic poetry is the flow of imagination, spontaneity （自发性）and powerful feelings
五、短篇小说（课本：丹尼尔·笛福、乔纳森·斯威夫特）
1、Different styles of novel writing：
? 1. Realistic novel: Defoe、Swift 、Fielding
? 2. Sentimental novel: Richardson
? 3. Gothic Novels
? 4. tales of mystery and horror which happened in a gloomy castle of the Middle Ages. Ann Radcliffe’s Mysteries of Udolpho.
? 5. biographical novel(传记体小说)，
? 6. satiric novel (讽刺小说)
?7. picaresque novel (流浪汉小说)，
?8. epistolary novels (书信体小说)，
?9. Desert Island Literature (荒岛文学)，
?10. a novel of Adventure (冒险小说)
2、point of view据所给小说而定（结合社会背景）：简述、主题和深刻思想
3、艺术技巧：人称、细节描写、创作手法
4、character鉴赏人物性格（语言、行动、心理）
5、plot鉴赏故事情节
6、my own opinion
Ps:针对写作手法增补
1.setting: a. Physical setting
B. Chronological setting
2.character: a. protogonist(main character)
B. Supporting role
What the individual says?
What the individual does?
What others say about him or her?
3.conflict: a. External conflict
B. Internal conflict
Real life has far more internal than external conflict.
4.symbol: A means B
5.Point of view: First character
Second character
Third character(invisible author) omniscien
First person narrator: protagonist/observer
Third person narrator: ommiscient/dramatic
6.Theme:moral/love
英国文学史复习资料(三年级专业生期末考试必备)[1] (1)
英国文学史资料British Writers and Works I. Old English Literature & The Late Medieval Ages
英国文学史及选读 复习要点总结概要
《英国文学史及选读》第一册复习要点 1. Beowulf: national epic of the English people; Denmark story; alliteration, metaphors and understatements (此处可能会有填空,选择等小题 2. Romance (名词解释 3. “Sir Gawain and the Green Knight”: a famous roman about King Arthur’ s story 4. Ballad(名词解释 5. Character of Robin Hood 6. Geoffrey Chaucer: founder of English poetry; The Canterbury Tales (main contents; 124 stories planned, only 24 finished; written in Middle English; significance; form: heroic couplet 7. Heroic couplet (名词解释 8. Renaissance(名词解释 9.Thomas More—— Utopia 10. Sonnet(名词解释 11. Blank verse(名词解释12. Edmund Spenser “The Faerie Queene” 13. Francis Bacon “essays” esp. “Of Studies” (推荐阅读,学习写正式语体的英文文章的好参照,本文用词正式优雅,多排比句和长句,语言造诣非常高,里面很多话都可以引用做格言警句,非常值得一读 14. William Shakespeare四大悲剧比较重要,此外就是罗密欧与朱立叶了,这些剧的主题,背景,情节,人物形象都要熟悉,当然他最重要的是 Hamlet 这是肯定的。他的sonnet 也很重要,最重要属 sonnet18。 (其戏剧中著名对白和几首有名的十四行诗可能会出选读 15. John Milton 三大史诗非常重要,特别是 Paradise Lost 和 Samson Agonistes。对于 Paradise Lost 需要知道它是 blank verse写成的,故事情节来自 Old Testament,另外要知道此书 theme 和 Satan 的形象。
2019考研英语二词汇大纲表(一)
2019考研英语词汇大纲中的词汇你掌握了多少个呢?我们来看看2019考研英语二词汇大纲表吧! 1. a [ei] art.一(个);每一(个);(同类事物中)任一个 2. abandon [?'b?nd ?n] vt. 离弃，丢弃 ;遗弃，抛弃 ;放弃 3. abdomen [?b'd?umen] n.腹，下腹 (胸部到腿部的部分 ) 4. abatement [?'beitm ?nt] n. 减 (免 )税，打折扣，冲销 5. abide [?'baid] vi.(abode， abided)(by) 遵守 ;坚持 ;vt. 忍受，容忍 6. ability [?'biliti] n. 能力 ;本领 ;才能，才干 ;专门技能，天资 7. able ['eibl] a.有 (能力、时间、知识等 )做某事，有本事的 8. abnormal [?b'n?:m ?l] a. 反常的，不正常的，不规则的 9. aboard [?'b ?:d] ad.&prep.在船 (飞机、车 )上 ;ad. 上船 (飞机、车 ) 10. abolish [?'b ?li ?] vt. 废除 (法律、习惯等 ); 取消 11. abound [?'baund] vi. 大量存在 ;(~in ，~with) 充满，富于 12. about [?'baut] ad. 在周围 ;大约 prep. 关于 ;在周围 a.准备 13. above [?'b ?v] a. 上述的ad. 在上面 ,在前文 prep. 在 ..之上，高于 14. abroad [?'br ?:d] ad. 到国外，在国外 ;在传播，在流传 15. abrupt [?'br ?pt] a. 突然的，出其不意的 ;(行为等 )粗鲁无礼的 16. absence ['?bs?ns] n. 缺乏，不存在 ;缺席，不在场 ;缺席的时间 17. absent ['?bs?nt, ?b'sent] a. 缺席的 ;缺乏的 ,不存在的 ;心不在焉的 18. absolute ['?bs?lju:t] a.绝对的，完全的 ;确实的，肯定的 19. absorb [?b's ?:b, -'z ?:b] vt. 吸收 (水、光、蒸汽等 );使全神贯注 ;吞并 / 兼并 20. abstract ['?bstr?kt] a.n. 摘抽要象的,文摘 ,梗概 vt. 提取 ;摘录要点
英国文学史及选读__期末试题及答案
考试课程：英国文学史及选读考核类型：A 卷 考试方式：闭卷出卷教师: XXX 考试专业：英语考试班级：英语xx班 I.Multiple choice (30 points, 1 point for each) select from the four choices of each item the one that best answers the question or completes the statement. 1._____，a typical example of old English poetry ,is regarded today as the national epic of the Anglo-Saxons. A.The Canterbury Tales B.The Ballad of Robin Hood C.The Song of Beowulf D.Sir Gawain and the Green Kinght 2._____is the most common foot in English poetry. A.The anapest B.The trochee C.The iamb D.The dactyl 3.The Renaissance is actually a movement stimulated by a series of historical events, which one of the following is NOT such an event? A.The rediscovery of ancient Roman and Greek culture. B.England’s domestic rest C.New discovery in geography and astrology D.The religious reformation and the economic expansion 4._____is the most successful religious allegory in the English language. A.The Pilgrims Progress B.Grace Abounding to the Chief of Sinners C.The Life and Death of Mr.Badman D.The Holy War 5.Generally, the Renaissance refers to the period between the 14th and mid-17th centuries, its essence is _____. A.science B.philosophy C.arts D.humanism 6.“So long as men can breathe, or eyes can see,/So long lives this, and this gives life to thee.”(Shakespeare, Sonnets18)What does“this”refer to ? A.Lover. B.Time. C.Summer. D.Poetry. 7.“O prince, O chief of my throned powers, /That led th’ embattled seraphim to war/Under thy conduct, and in dreadful deeds/Fearless, endangered Heaven’s perpetual king”In the third line of the above passage quoted from Milton’s Paradise Los t, the phrase“thy conduct”refers to _____conduct. A.God’s B.Satan’s C.Adam’s D.Eve’s
英国文学史复习资料
Beowulf English literature began with the Anglo-Saxon settlement in England.Beowulf is the national epic of the English people. Beowulf is a folk legend brought to England by Anglo-Saxons from their continental homes.Its main stories are evidently folk legends of primative Northern tribes.The most striking feature of Beowulf is the use of alliteration（头韵）.In alliterative verse,certain accented word in a line begin with the same consonant sound,there are generally 4 accents in a line,three of which show alliteration.Other features are the use of metaphors and of understatements(掩饰). ―Ring-giver‖ is used for king, ―sea-wood‖for ship.Ironical humour is often regarded as a permanentcharacteristic of English. Chaucer (About 1340-1400.) His literature career can be divided into three periods:French Period (The Romaunt of the Rose) ,Italian Period,England period.Troilus and Criseyde is his longest complete poem(8000 lines) and his greatest artistic achievement.The Canterbury Tales is Chaucer’s masterpiece and one of the monumental works in English literature.Taking the stand of the rising bourgeoisie,he affi rms men and women’s right to pursue their happiness on earth and opposes the dogma of asceticism(禁欲主义) preached by the church.As a forerunner of humanism,he praises man’s energy,intellect,quick wit and love of life.Chaucer’s language,called Middle English,is vivid and exact.Contribution to English poetry lies chiefly in the fact that he introduced from France the rhymed stanza of various types,especially the rhymed couplet(双韵诗体)of 5 accents in iambic(抑扬格) meter(the heroic couplet)to English poetry,instead of the old Anglo-Saxon alliterative verse. Marlowe(1564-1593)
英国文学史期末复习重点
英国文学史 Part one: Early and Medieval English Literature Chapter 1 The Making of England 1. The early inhabitants in the island now we call England were Britons, a tribe of Gelts. 2. In 55 B.C., Britain was invaded by Julius Caesar. The Roman occupation lasted for about 400 years. It was also during the Roman role that Christianity was introduced to Britain. And in 410 A.D., all the Roman troops went back to the continent and never returned. 3. The English Conquest At the same time Britain was invaded by swarms of pirates（海盗）. They were three tribes from Northern Europe: the Angles, Saxons and Jutes. And by the 7th century these small kingdoms were combined into a United Kingdom called England, or, the land of Angles. And the three dialects spoken by them naturally grew into a single language called Anglo -Saxon, or Old English. 4. The Social Condition of the Anglo -Saxon Therefore, the Anglo -Saxon period witnessed a transition from tribal society to feudalism. 5. Anglo -Saxon Religious Belief and Its Influence The Anglo -Saxons were Christianized in the seventh century. Chapter 2 Beowulf 1. Anglo -Saxon Poetry But there is one long poem of over 3,000 lines. It is Beowulf, the national epic of the English people. Grendel is a monster described in Beowulf. 3. Analysis of Its Content Beowulf is a folk lengend brought to England by Anglo -Saxons from their continental homes. It had been passed from mouth to mouth for hundreds of years before it was written down in the tenth century. 4. Features of Beowulf The most striking feature in its poetical form is the use of alliteration, metaphors and understatements. Chapter 3 Feudal England 1）T he Norman Conquest 2. The Norman Conquest The French -speaking Normans under Duke William came in 1066. After defeating the English at Hastings, William was crowned as King of England. The Norman Conquest marks the establishment of feudalism in England.
2019考研英语大纲5500词汇表
2019考研英语大纲5500词汇表 1.a[ei]art.一(个);每一(个);(同类事物中)任一个 2.abandon['bndn]vt.离弃，丢弃;遗弃，抛弃;放弃 3.abdomen[b'dumen]n.腹，下腹(胸部到腿部的部分) 4.abatement['beitmnt]n.减(免)税，打折扣，冲销 5.abide['baid]vi.(abode，abided)(by)遵守;坚持;vt.忍受，容忍 6.ability['biliti]n.水平;本领;才能，才干;专门技能，天资 7.able['eibl]a.有(水平、时间、知识等)做某事，有本事的 8.abnormal[b'n：ml]a.反常的，不正常的，不规则的 9.aboard['b：d]ad.&prep.在船(飞机、车)上;ad.上船(飞机、车) 10.abolish['bli]vt.废除(法律、习惯等);取消 11.abound['baund]vi.大量存有;(~in，~with)充满，富于 12.about['baut]ad.在周围;大约prep.关于;在周围a.准备 13.above['bv]a.上述的ad.在上面,在前文prep.在..之上，高于 14.abroad['br：d]ad.到国外，在国外;在传播，在流传 15.abrupt['brpt]a.突然的，出其不意的;(行为等)粗鲁无礼的 16.absence['bsns]n.缺乏，不存有;缺席，不在场;缺席的时间 17.absent['bsnt,b'sent]a.缺席的;缺乏的,不存有的;心不在焉的
18.absolute['bslju：t]a.绝对的，完全的;确实的，肯定的 19.absorb[b's：b,-'z：b]vt.吸收(水、光、蒸汽等);使全神贯注;吞并/兼并 20.abstract['bstrkt]a.抽象的n.摘要,文摘,梗概vt.提取;摘录要点 21.absurd[b's：d]a.荒谬的，荒诞的，荒唐可笑的;不合理的 22.abundance['bndns]n.丰富，充裕，大量 23.abundant['bndnt]a.大量(充足)的;(in)丰富(富裕)的 24.abuse['bju：z,'bju：s]vt.滥用;虐.待，辱骂;诋毁n.滥用;恶习;弊端 25.academic[,k'demik]a.学院的，学术性的;大学的;理论的 26.academy['kdmi]n.(高等)专科院校;学术社团，协会，研究院 27.accelerate[k'selreit]v.使加速，使增速，促动vi.加快，增加 28.accent"['ksnt,k'sent]""n.口音,腔调;重音(符号)vt.重读" 29.accept[k'sept]vt.接受，领受;认可，同意vi.同意，认可 30.acceptable[k'septbl]adj.可接受的,合意的 31.acceptance[k'septns]n.接受，接收，验收，接纳;承认，认可 32.access['kses]n.进入;接入;到达;享用权;入口vi.存取 33.accessory[k'sesri]"n.附件,附属品;(为全套衣服增加美感的)服饰" 34.accident['ksidnt]"n.意外遭遇,事故;意外(因素)"
华南农业大学英国文学史期末考试题
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(完整)最全面英国文学史知识点总结,推荐文档
英国文学史 I. Old English Literature & The Late Medieval Ages
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