搜档网
当前位置:搜档网 › 中考英语句型翻译——被动语态

中考英语句型翻译——被动语态

中考英语句型翻译——被动语态
中考英语句型翻译——被动语态

中考英语句型翻译——被动语态

英汉两种语言都有被动语态,但由于表达习惯上的差异,英语往往习惯用被动语态来表达,而汉语则和主动语态来表达。如:Thatyoungmancannotbereliedupon.译成汉语就应该是“那位年轻人不可信赖”或者“我们不能信任那位年轻人”。如果将此句译成汉语的被动句“那位年轻人不可以被信赖”,译文就会显得很别扭,不符合汉语的表达习惯。由此可见,翻译时经常进行语态的转换是十分必要的。英语中被动语态的使用十分广泛,尤其在考研翻译中,这种现象更为多见。相比之下,汉语被动语态使用的范围要小得多。因此,在英译汉时,大量被动语态的句子需要通过种种方法加以处理,以保证译文通顺流畅地表达原意。英语被动语态的汉译一般有以下几种方法。

一、译成汉语主动句

将英语被动语态译成汉语主动语态的方法一般包括以下几种:

(一)保存原文主语

当英语被动句中的主语为无生命的名词,而且句中不出现由by引导的行为主体时,翻译时往往将原句中的主语仍然译成主语。

ThemeetingisscheduledforApril6th.

会议定于四月六日举行。

watercanbechangedfromaliquidintoasolid.

水能从液体变成固体。

whenrustisformed,achemicalchangehastakenplace.

当锈形成的时候,就发生了化学变化。

(二)主宾颠倒

英语中很多被动句子在表示行为主体的词前都加上by,翻译时可将这类by结构中的宾语译成主语,而将原来的主语译成宾语。

Shewasgivenanewpenbyherfather.

她爸爸送给她一支新钢笔。

Heatandlightcanbegivenoffbythischemicalchange.

这种化学反应能放出热和光。

onlyasmallportionofsolarenergyisnowbeingusedbyus.

现在我们只能利用一小部分太阳能。

有时英语被动句中并未出现by结构,而只是代之以一个由介词短语构成的状语。这时仍可采用主宾颠倒的译法,将介词短语中的名词或名词词组译成句子的主语。

communicationsatelliteshavealreadybeenusedforliving transmissioninourcountry.

我国已将通讯卫星用于实况转播。

Thenumericaldataconcernedareprovidedinthenextchapte r.

下一章提供了有关的数据资料。

(三)增加主语

有些英语被动句并未在句中出现表示行为主体的词或词组,在翻译这类句子时,可适当增添一些不确定的主语,如“人们”、“有人”、“大家”、“我们”等。

Theissuehasnotyetbeenthoroughlyexplored.

人们对这一问题迄今尚未进行过彻底的探索。

Shewasseentoenterthebuildingaboutthetimethecrimewas committed.

有人看见她大致在案发时进入了那座建筑物。

whatwesayherewillnotbelongremembered,butwhatwedoherecanchangetheworld.

我们在这里所讲的话,人们不会长久记住。然而我们在这儿所做的事,却能改变世界。

二、译成汉语无主句

英语中有些被动句不需要或无法说出行为的主体,因此,翻译时往往译成汉语的无主句。这时,原句中的主语一般译

成宾语。

measureshavebeentakentopreventtheepidemicfromspread ingquickly.

已经采取了措施来防止这种流行病迅速蔓延。

watercanbeshownascontainingimpurities.

可以证明,水含有杂质。

Theunpleasantnoisemustbeimmediatelyputanend.

必须全部停止这种讨厌的噪声。

三、译成汉语判断句

有些英语被动句并不突出强调被动动作,而着重对事物的状态、过程和性质等加以描述,其作用与系表结构类似。因此,翻译这种英语被动句,经常采用“是……的”判断句式。

Thedecisiontoattackwasnottakenlightly.

进攻的决定不是轻易作出的。

PrintingwasintroducedintoEuropefromchina.

印刷术是从中国传入欧洲的。

ThemanuscriptwassenttotheprinterinLondonafewweeksbe foretheFrenchrevolution.

手稿是在法国革命前几周寄往伦敦付印的。

ThecreditsysteminAmericawasfirstadoptedbyHarvardUni versityin1872.

美国的学分制是1872年在哈佛大学首先实施的。

四、译成汉语被动句

有些英语被动句着重被动的动作,因此,翻译时仍然可以翻译成汉语的被动句,以突出英语原文的被动意义。一般说来,被动句指的是具有被动形式标记的句子。虽然英语被动语态使用范围颇广,但其被动标记却很单一,主要是“be+动词的过去分词”及其变化形式。另一方面,汉语被动句式使用较少,但其被动标记要繁杂得多。汉语中表达被动意义的语言手段主要包括使用“被、受、遭、让、给、由、把、得到、受到、加以、得以、为……所、由……来”等等。

Theministerwasfoundtohaveappropriatedgovernmentmone y.

部长被发现挪用公款。

Hehadbeenfiredforrefusingtoobeyordersfromtheheadoff ice.

他因拒绝接受总公司的命令而被解雇了。

Theschoolboywasknockeddownbyaminibuswhencrossingthe street.

那名男生在穿过街道时让一辆小公共汽车撞倒了。

Hewaspraisedbyhisteacher.

他得到了老师的表扬。

Problemsshouldberesolvedingoodtime.

问题应及时加以解决。

Foralongperiodtocome,mostofchina ‘selderlywillcontinuetobeprovidedforbytheirfamilie s.

在未来较长的一段时间里,中国的老年人仍旧要由家庭来赡养。

五、常用被动句型“It+被动语态+that”的翻译

在这种句型中,it是形式主语,that引导出的是主语从句。汉语译文习惯上采用主动语态,有时还需要增译出泛指性的主语“我们”、“人们”、“大家”、“有人”等等,有时也可译成无主语的汉语句子,并酌情加上汉语介词“根据”或“据”。

Itisconsideredthatbioclimatologyisaninvolvedsubject.

有人认为,生物气候学是一门复杂的学科。

Itisstressedthatthefieldofsciencemaybedividedintotw omajorareas:naturalscienceandsocialscience.

有人强调说,科学的范畴可以分成两个主要领域:自然科学和社会科学。

Itshouldbepointedoutthatthisprocessisoxidation.

应该指出,这一过程就是氧化。

下面是一些常用被动句型的习惯译法:

Itishopedthat……希望,有人希望

Itisassumedthat……假设,假定

Itisclaimedthat……

据说,有人主张

Itisbelievedthat……有人想信,大家相信

Itisreportedthat……据报道,据通报

Itisconsideredthat……人们认为,据估计

Itissaidthat……据说,有人说

Itissupposedthat……据推测,人们猜测

Ithasbeenannouncedthat……已经宣布

Itisassertedthat……有人主张

Itisrumoredthat……有人主张

Itisrumoredthat……听说,谣传

Itisnoticedthat……有人指出,人们注意到

Itissuggestedthat……有人建议,建议

Itisreputedthat……人们认为,可以认为

Itislearnedthat……据说,据闻,已经查明

Itisdemonstratedthat……据证实,已经证明

Itisestimatedthat……据估计,有人估计

Itisestimatedthat……有人指出,人们指出

Itispointedoutthat……有人推荐,有人建议

Itisproposedthat……有人提出

Itwastoldthat……有人曾经说

Itwasfirstintendedthat……最初就有这样的想法

Itwillbesaidthat……有人会说

Itwillbeseenfromthisthat……

由此可见,因此可知

Itwasnotedabovethat……前面已经指出

Itmustbeadmittedthat……必须承认,老实说

Ithasbeenillustratedthat……据图示,据说明

Itisstressedthat……有人强调说

Itisstressedthat……有人列举出了

Itcannotbedeniedthat……无可否认

Itcanbesaidwithoutexaggerationthat……可以毫不夸张的说

Itissometimesaskedthat……人们有时会问

Itwasfeltthat……有人认识到了

Itisuniversallyacceptedthat……人们普遍认为Itisunanimouslyagreedthat……大家一致同意Itisallegedthat……据说Itiscalculatedthat……据计算Ithasbeenprovedthat……已经证明Ithasbeenfoundthat……人们已经发现Itisstilltobehopedthat……我们仍然希望Itiswell-knownthat……众所周知,大家都知道Itshouldberealizedthat……我们应该认识到……

【英语】中考英语动词被动语态解题技巧(超强)及练习题(含答案)

【英语】中考英语动词被动语态解题技巧(超强)及练习题(含答案) 一、动词被动语态 1.You another day to make your own decision. A. gave B. are giving C. will be given 【答案】C 【解析】【分析】句意:再给你一天作自己的决定。再给你一天,还没有给,表将来,用一般将来时态;主语you是谓语动词give的承受者,用被动语态。故选C。 2.—Why are you leaving your job? —I can't stand it any longer. I always ____ to work overtime. A. am; asking B. am; asked C. was; asking D. was; asked 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意:——你为什么要离职?——我再也受不了了,我总是被要求加班。根据句意可知用被动语态,可排除AC;根据上一句are leaving是现在进行时表示将来,所以此处是一般现在时,故选B。 【点评】考查一般现在时的被动语态。 3.—Who's the little girl in the photo? —It's me. The photo ______ 10 years ago. A. took B. is taken C. has taken D. was taken 【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】句意:——照片中的小女孩是谁?——是我,这张照片是十年前照的。句子主语是动作的承受者,应该用被动语态,时间状语是十年前,应该用过去时,故答案为D。 【点评】考查一般过去时的被动语态。was/were+及物动词的过去分词,过去的被动语态结构。 4.Over $30,000 ______ for a children's hospital by a British girl several months ago. A. is raised

初中英语被动语态专项练习

被动语态 一、被动语态的定义 英语中有两种语态:主动语态和被动语态 主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。如:We speak English. 句子中主语we是speak(讲)这个动作的执行者。 被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。如:English is spoken by them. 句子中主语English是speak(讲)这个动作的承受者,即英语被讲。被动语态相当于汉语的“被”字句。 二、被动语态的构成 英语的语态是通过动词形式的变化来体现。 被动语态的构成是:主语+be+动词的过去分词 人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的形式变化来表示。 1、记住下面几种时态的被动语态的构成: 一般现在时:主语+am/is/are+过去分词(+by+动作的执行者)(强调动作的执行者) 一般过去时:主语+was/were+过去分词(+by+动作的执行者)(强调动作的执行者) 一般将来时:主语+will/shall+be+过去分词(+by+动作的执行者)(强调动作的执行者) 现在进行时:主语+am/is/are+being+过去分词(+by+动作的执行者)(强调动作的执行者)

过去进行时:主语+was/were+being+过去分词(+by+动作的执行者)(强调动作的执行者) 现在完成时:主语+have/has+been+过去分词(+by+动作的执行者)(强调动作的执行者) 2、含有情态动词的被动语态 主语+情态动词+be+动词的过去分词(+by+动作的执行者)(强调动作的执行者) 三、被动语态的用法 1、怎样确定该用被动语态? (1)不知道或者没有必要说明动作的执行者。 强调动作的承受者,而不强调动作的执行者。 我们在做题时要注意:如果主语能执行这个动作,就用主动语态;主语不能执行动作,反而要被动作去执行,这时就用被动语态。 2、用被动语态要注意两个问题 (1)不管是把主动语态变被动语态还是把被动语态变主动语态都要保持时态一致 (2)在主动语态中make,see,let等省to的在被动语态中要加上to. 3、不能使用被动语态的情况: (1)不及物动词不能用于被动语态,如:happen,take place,last,cost,change,begin等 (2)当直接宾语是反身代词时,不能用被动语态 连系词无被动,而是用主动形式表示被动意义如:

中考英语考点分析被动语态

中考英语考点分析:被动语态复习 发布:佚名时间:2009-10-23 15:47:00 来源:京翰教育中心录入:李人气:84 【文字:大小】 A.熟记结构 被动语态的结构为“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词(p.p)”。被动语态的不同时态是通过be的时态变化来表示的,其人称和数方面应与主语保持一致。其具体变化为: 一般现在时:am/is/are+p.p. 一般过去时:was/were+p.p. 一般将来时:shall /will be +p.p. 现在完成时:have /has been +p.p. 现在进行时:am/is/are+being+p.p. 过去将来时:should /would be +p.p. 含情态动词的被动结构:情态动词+be+p.p.例如: ①Chinese ______ by the largest number of people. A.speak B.is speaking C.speaks D.is spoken (选D。考查一般现在时的被动语态) ②The boy ______ to get supper ready after school. A.were told B.is telling C.was told D.tells

(选C。考查一般过去时的被动语态) ③A lot of new roads ______ built in the west of China. A.must B.must be C.has D.have (选B。考查含情态动词的被动语态) B.明确用法 被动语态常用于以下两种情况: 1.不知道谁是动作的执行者,或者没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者; 2.强调动作的承受者。例如: 这棵树是那个男孩弄断的。 The tree ______ ______ by that boy. (填was broken) C.熟练转换 1.将主动语态变被动语态的基本方法为: ①将主动语态的宾语作被动语态的主语; ②谓语动词变为“be+及物动词的过去分词”,并通过be的变化来表达出不同的时态; ③主动语态的主语变为介词by的宾语,组成介词短语放在被动结构中的谓语动词之后。(有时by短语可以省略)。 2.被动语态的一般疑问句是将一个助动词置于主语之前;否定句是在第一个助动词后加not;特殊疑问句的语序为:疑问词+一般疑问句。例如: ①You must throw the broken pottery away at once.

中考英语句子翻译专项训练含标准答案

2017中考英语句子翻译专项训练 他们正在讨论如何处理这个问题。 他习惯和朋友通过微信来交流。 为什么不上网搜寻一下信息呢? 这次,你最好不要拒绝参加这次会议。 . 你介意和我一起编首曲子吗? 我忍不住吃光了所有的水果沙拉。 . 在工作中我们应该尽力避免犯同样的错误。 对于我们而言,学会和他人紧密合作是必要的。 自从她去了国外后,你们彼此还保持联系吗? 请警告他不要在离开时任由水龙头一直开着。 你知道历史上第一只风筝是由木头做成的吗? 依靠你自己是多么有意义啊! 我们应该帮助残疾人而不是仅仅同情他们。 众所周知选择公共交通工具将有助于减少空气污染。 人类已经意识到保护野生动物的重要性了吗? 他在向我解释病毒已经使一切都出错了。 为了写下你所见的东西,请随身带好笔记本。 这个科学家正忙于在公共场合做演讲。 我想知道你是否可以用英语描述一下你的日常生活。 环境污染如此严重,以致导致了各种疾病。 他建议我们接受新挑战并三思而行。 我的一位外国朋友来中国很多年了,所以他中文说得很好。

去年你父亲多久去北京出差一次? 我父母对我如此严格,以致我真的感到筋疲力尽。 我过去常常梦想成为一名世界闻名的音乐家。 他已经决定放弃工作去周游世界。 . 这位学生分发所有的杂志有困难。 我认为这双鞋子和我的不是同一个尺码。 当我们到达山顶时,我再也走不动了。 这个老人没有可倾诉的朋友,所以感到有点孤独。 . 据说这本书将被译成英语。 . 这本书给我许多关于如何改善我们生活的好建议。 我们相信谭盾的音乐会将给我们开启一个全新的世界。 我们认为打断别人说话是不礼貌的。 今天,这位著名的人士将根据他自己的经历来谈谈餐桌礼仪。 教练们将使用什么方法来帮助他们实现梦想? 医生们尽快地给这个生病的男孩动了手术。 . 他把他的一生都奉献给了基础教育的发展。 这些大学生们已经下定决心为贫困地区的孩子们创办新学校了。 应该采取更多的措施来关注每个细节。 如果你遵循这些小步骤,它们会对地球产生巨大的影响。 这套别墅太贵,我们买不起。 莫言在50多岁时被授予诺贝尔文学奖。

新目标九年级英语被动语态专项复习练习题及答案

新目标人教版九年级英语被动语态专项复习练习题及答案 一、选择题(2×15=30分) ( )1._____ a new library _____ in our school last year? A. Is; built B. Was; built C. Does; build D. Did ; build ( )2. An accident ____ on this road last week. A. has been happened B. was happened C. is happened D. happened ( )3.Cotton(棉花)____ in the southeast of China. A. is grown B. are grown C. grows D. grow ( )4.So far, the moon ____ by man already. A. is visited B. will be visited C. has been visited D. was visited ( )5.A talk on Chinese history _____ in the school hall next week. A. is given B. has been given C. will be given D. gives ( )6.How many trees ____ this year? A. are planted B. will plant C. have been planted D. planted ( )7.A lot of things ____ by people to save the little girl now. A. are doing B. are being done C. has been done D. will be done ( )8.--When ___ this kind of computers______? --Last year. A. did; use B. was; used C. is; used D. are; used ( )9.The Great Wall ____ all over the world. A. knows B. knew C. is known D. was known ( )10.Who _____ this book _____? A. did; written B. was; written by C. did; written D. was; written ( )11.A story _____ by Granny yesterday. A. was told us B. was told to us C. is told us D. told us ( )12.The monkey was seen _____ off the tree. A. jump B. jumps C. jumped D. to jump ( )13.The school bag ___ behind the chair. A. puts B. can be put C. can be putted D. can put ( )14.Older people ____ well. A. looks after B. must be looked after C. must look after D. looked after ( )15.Our teacher ______ carefully. A. should be listened to B. should be listen C. be listened D. is listened 二、用括号内所给动词的正确形式填空。(1×20=20分)(请注意时态和语态两个方面 ............) 1.It's said(据说) that the long bridge______________(build)in two months. 2.Where to have the meeting ______________ (discuss)now. 3.Which language _______the most widely_______(speak)in the world? 4.The lost boy_____________(not find)so far. https://www.sodocs.net/doc/506005731.html,st year a large number of trees______________(cut)down. 6. The students _____ often _____(tell) to take care of their desks and chairs. 7. The old man is ill. He ______ (must send) to the hospital. 8. Vegetables, eggs and fruits_________ (sell) in this shop. 9. What _______ knives ______ (make) of ? They_______________(make) of metal(金属) and wood. 10. Can the magazine ________ (take) out of the library?

2020版历年中考英语真题精选-被动语态

【文库独家】 全国中考英语真题精选汇编-被动语态 【陕西】28. The mobile phone has influenced people’s life a lot since it _________. A. invents B. invented C. is invented D. was invented 【答案】D 【解析】考查动词时态和语态。句意:自从手机发明后,它在很大程度上影响了人们的生活。根据句意判断用一般过去时,手机与动词invent在逻辑上是被动关系,所以用一般过去时的被动语态。 【哈尔滨】26. On June 11th, ,Shenzhou-10 carrying three astronauts _____ into space from the space center in Jiuquan. All the Chinese people are proud of its successful launch. A. sent up B. are sent up C. was sent up 【答案】C 【解析】本题考查一般过去时的被动语态结构。由On June 11th, 可知该句为一般过去时,排除B项;主语Shenzhou-10与谓语动词存在被动关系,故应用被动语态,故选C。 【江苏常州】6. This listening material, together with its CD-ROMs, well. A. sells B. sell C. is sold D. are sold 【答案】A 【解析】本题考查动词的语态。某些可以和well, easily, smoothly等副词连用的不及物动词如read, write, wash, clean, draw, cook, sell, lock, open等,且主语是非生命的名词或代词,用主动结构表被动含义。本句的主语为This listening material为第三人称单数;sell well意为“畅销”。句意为“这个听力材料以及它的光盘很畅销。”故选A。 【湖南益阳】30. The sports meeting _________next month. A. will hold B. is going to hold C. will be held 【答案】C 【解析】考查被动语态的用法。主语the sports meeting不能执行谓语动词hold,是hold的承受者,需用被动语态。next month说明句子用一般将来时态。其被动结构为:will be held。故选C。 【河南】28. —Excuse me. I'm looking for Be the Best of Yourself. —Sorry. The book you ask for______ out. A. is selling B. is sold C. was selling D. will be sold 【答案】B 【解析】考查动词的语态。主语the book和动词sell构成被动关系,又时态为一般现在时,因此用一般现在时的被动语态。答语句意“对不起,你要的书已售完”。故选B。 【河北】38. Annie to the party. She had a wonderful time with us. A. invites B. is invited C. was invited D. has invited 【答案】C 【解析】考查动词语态的用法。根据句子的句意可知“她和我们度过了一段愉快的时光”用的时态是过去时,故被邀请也该是表示过去的时态,故答案应选C。

最新初中英语被动语态

一、语态概述 语态是动词的一种形式,表示句子之中主语和谓语动词的关系.英语有两种语态:主动语态和被动语态 主动语态表示主语是动作的发出者(或执行者)eg:Many people speak Chinese.谓语:speak的动作是由主语many people来执行的. 被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者,即行为动作的对象.eg:Chinese is spoken by many people.主语English是动词speak的承受者. 二、被动语态的构成 被动语态由助动词be+及物动词的过去分词构成.人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来的.(被动语态的否定式和疑问式均由助动词或第一个助动词构成.) 各种时态的被动语态构成: 1.一般现在时:am/is/are+及物动词的过去分词 I'm asked to take care of myself. Football is played all over the world 2.一般过去时:was/were+及物动词的过去分词 This house was built in 1958. His leg was broken in an accident. 3.一般将来时:will/shall be+及物动词的过去分词 More factories will be built in our city. He will be taken to hospital tomorrow. 4.现在进行时:am/is/are being+及物动词的过去分词. A road is being built around the mountain. Many new houses are being built in this city 5.过去进行时:was/were being+及物动词的过去分词 he meeting was being held when I was there. We were being trained this time last year. 6.现在完成时:have/has been+及物动词的过去分词 His book has been translated into many foreign languages. The prices of many goods have been cut again . 7.过去完成时:had been + 及物动词的过去分词 A new school had been set up by the end of last year. 8.含有情态动词的被动语态:情态动词+be+及物动词的过去分词 The rubbish can be put into the dustbin over there. 三、被动语态的基本用法 一般来说,在我们日常生活中,能用主动语态的时候就尽量不去用被动语态.只有在下列情况中我们才用被动语态:1.不知道动作的执行者是谁. 1).Some new computers were stolen last night.一些新电脑在昨晚被盗了. 2).This bridge was founded in 1981.这座桥竣工于1981年. 3).The front window in the classroom was broken yesterday. 昨天,教室的前窗被打 2.没不要说出动作的执行者是谁. 1).The time-table has been changed .时间表已变动了 2).China was founded in 1949. 3.不愿意说出动作的执行者,其目的是为了使语言得体、圆滑等.在这种情况下,有时常用一些句式,如It is said that…(据说……),It is reported that …(据报道),It is well known that(众所周知……)It is supposed that(据推测说, It is believed that…大家相信,It is hoped that…大家希望,It is thought that…大家认为,It is suggested that…据建议等等. It is said that she is going to be married to a foreigner.据说她要嫁给一个外国人. It is said that the boy has passed the national exam. (=The boy is said to have passed the national exam.) 4.强调动作的承受者,而不强调动作的执行者. 1).The glass was broken by Mike.玻璃杯是迈克打破的. 2).his book was written by him.这本书是他写的. 3).Your homework must be finished on time.你们的家庭作业必须及时完成. 注:使用被动语态的情况口诀:动作谁做的不知道,谁说出的不必要.接受动作需强调,用被动语态最为妙. 四、主动语态变被动语态的方法: 1.把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语. 2.把谓语变成被动结构(be+过去分词) (根据被动语态句子里的主语的人称和数,以及原来主动语态句子中动词的时态来决定be的形式).

中考英语句型翻译——被动语态

中考英语句型翻译——被动语态 导读:中考英语句型翻译——被动语态 英汉两种语言都有被动语态,但由于表达习惯上的差异,英语往往习惯用被动语态来表达,而汉语则和主动语态来表达。如:That young man cannot be relied upon.译成汉语就应该是“那位年轻人不可信赖”或者“我们不能信任那位年轻人”。如果将此句译成汉语的被动句“那位年轻人不可以被信赖”,译文就会显得很别扭,不符合汉语的表达习惯。由此可见,翻译时经常进行语态的转换是十分必要的。英语中被动语态的使用十分广泛,尤其在考研翻译中,这种现象更为多见。相比之下,汉语被动语态使用的范围要小得多。因此,在英译汉时,大量被动语态的句子需要通过种种方法加以处理,以保证译文通顺流畅地表达原意。英语被动语态的汉译一般有以下几种方法。 一、译成汉语主动句 将英语被动语态译成汉语主动语态的方法一般包括以下几种:(一)保存原a liquid into a solid. 水能从液体变成固体。 When rust is formed,a chemical change has taken place. 当锈形成的时候,就发生了化学变化。 (二)主宾颠倒 英语中很多被动句子在表示行为主体的词前都加上by,翻译时可将这类by结构中的宾语译成主语,而将原来的主语译成宾语。

Sherical data concerned are provided in the next chapter. 下一章提供了有关的数据资料。 (三)增加主语 有些英语被动句并未在句中出现表示行为主体的词或词组,在翻译这类句子时,可适当增添一些不确定的主语,如“人们”、“有人”、“大家”、“我们”等。 The issue has not yet been thoroughly explored. 人们对这一问题迄今尚未进行过彻底的探索。 Shbered, but what we do here can change the world. 我们在这里所讲的话,人们不会长久记住。然而我们在这儿所做的事,却能改变世界。 二、译成汉语无主句 英语中有些被动句不需要或无法说出行为的主体,因此,翻译时往往译成汉语的无主句。这时,原句中的主语一般译成宾语。 Measures have been taken to prevent the epidemic from spreading quickly. 已经采取了措施来防止这种流行病迅速蔓延。 Water can be shown as containing impurities. 可以证明,水含有杂质。 The unpleasant noise must be immediately put an end. 必须全部停止这种讨厌的噪声。

被动语态中考英语真题练习及答案

( )1. (2011 北京)Many accidents ________ by careless arrives last year. A. are caused B. were caused C. have caused D. will cause ( )2. (2011 重庆)1 ' m glad to find that many tress ____ in our city last year. A. pla nt B. pla nted C. were pla nted D. are pla nted ( )3. (2009 江苏)Last year, LiHua, a college student, _______ to work for the Olympic Games. A. is choos ing B. is chose n C. was choos ing D. was chose n ( )4. (2011 江西)一What happened to Billy?— He _______ because of his drink-driving. A. is caught B. was caught C. has caught D. had caught ( )5. (2011 陕西)Driving after drinking wine _________ in China. A. allows B. doesn ' t allow C. is allowed D. isn ' t allowed ( )6. (2011 江苏南京)It ' s reported that Nanji ng South Railway Station at the end of this mon th. A. has bee n completed B. is completed C. was completed D. will be completed ( )7. (2009 湖北)How do you like the material?-- Very much. It _______ s oft and nice. A. feels B. is felt C. is feeli ng D. felt ( )8. (2011 广东)People who drink wine _______ to drive after May Day. A. don ' t allow B. isn ' t allowed C. mustn ' t allow D. mustn ' t be allowed ( )9. (2010 福建)Today computers _______ in both cities and tow ns. A. were using B. are used C. were used D. are using ( )10. (2011 广东深圳)一When should I ha nd in my paper? —Your paper must ___ as soon as the bell _____ . A. hand in; rings B. hand in; will ring C. be han ded in; will ring D. be han ded in; rings ( )11. (2011 广西南宁)Trees _______ every year to make our city greener. A. pla nt B. are pla nted C. were pla nted D. will be pla nted ( )12. (2010 天津)Don ' t discuss the problem with your part ner uni ess you _____ to do so. A. ask B. are asked C. will ask D. will be asked ( )13. (2011 湖南)Don't be afraid. The dog _______ to the tree. A. is tied B. must tie C. was tied D. has tied ( )14. (2010北京)The road _______ last year. A. builds B. built C. was built D. is built ( )15. (2010 天津儿iu Xia ng _____ by his coach to train regularly. A. advised B. advises C. was advised D. be advised ( )16. (2010 上海)A Disneyland Park 迪斯尼乐园) _____ in Shanghai Pudong New Area in the near future. A. builds B. has built C. will built D. will be built

初中英语被动语态的教案

被动语态 授课人:授课时间: 一、语态概述 英语中有两种语态:主动语态和被动语态。 主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。巧记为:主动、主动、主去动。 例如:Many people speak English. 谓语:speak的动作是由主语many people来执行的。 被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者,即行为动作的对象。巧记为:被动、被动、主被动。例如:English is spoken by many people.主语English是动词speak的承受者。 He opened the door.他开了门。(主动句) The door was opened.门被开了。(被动句) 判断:你来判断哪个是主动哪个是被动? We call the doctor. People don’t play football here. The truck was cleaned yesterday. Mr Chen teaches us English. The classroom was cleaned. 二、被动语态的构成:be+动词的过去分词+by sb(be+done) 一般现在时:am/is/are+taught 一般过去时:was/were+taught 一般将来时:will/shall be+taught 现在进行时:am/is/are being+taught 过去进行时:have/has been+taught 现在完成时:have/has been+taught 含有情态动词的被动语态:can/may/must/should... +be done

歌诀是:被动语态be字变,过去分词跟后面。 三、主动变被动的方法 口诀:主变宾,宾变主,By 句尾跟 Be 字变,Vpp跟后面 一、选择题(2×15=30分) 一、选择题(2×15=30分) ( )1._____ a new library _____ in our school last year? A. Is; built B. Was; built C. Does; build D. Did ; build ( )2. An accident ____ on this road last week. A. has been happened B. was happened C. is happened D. happened ( )3.Cotton(棉花)____ in the southeast of China. A. is grown B. are grown C. grows D. grow ( )4.So far, the moon ____ by man already.A. is visited B. will be visited C. has been visited D. was visited ( )5.A talk on Chinese history _____ in the school hall next week. A. is given B. has been given C. will be given D. gives ( )6.How many trees ____ this year? A. are planted B. will plant C. have been planted D. planted ( )7.A lot of things ____ by people to save the little girl now.

中考英语必考之被动语态考点(最新整理)

透析中考英语语法被动语态考点 【语态命题趋势与预测】 根据对语态部分全国各地中考试题的分析可知,今后该部分将是重点考查点之一。其考查重点为: 1.被动语态在各个时态中的用法 2.“get+过去分词”结构的用法 【考点诠释】 一、各种时态的被动语态 被动语态由"be+过去分词”构成,be随时态的变化而变化,高考对被动语态的考查通常从以下九种时态人手。 1.一般现在时 表示现在或经常发生的被动动作时,用一般现在时的被动语态。一般现在时的被动语态由"am/is/are+及物动词的过去分词(+by+实施者)”构成。 【考例1.The 01ympk Games ___________every four years. [北京市] A are held B were held C.are holding D.will ho1d [答案]A 。[解析]考查被动语态,根据句意,“奥运会每四年举行一次”可见须用一般现在时的被动语态,故排除了B、C、D。 In the art show,a lot of enjoyment __to foreign friends by the Chinese paintings.[沈阳市] A.is giving B is given C will give D has given [答案]B。[解析]本题考查被动语态,句中a lot of enjoyment是动作的承受者。“在这次艺术展中,一些有趣的东西通过中国国画展示给外国朋友。” Today Chinese is becoming more and more popular. It ___________in. many schools around the world. [南京市] A. teaches B. is teaching C. has taught D. is taught [答案]D。[解析]考查被动语态。物作主语,一般要考虑被动语态。但如果动词指的是物的特性,不能用被动语态。 Ba Jin, one of the greatest writers in China, __as "People's Writer".[安徽省] A. is regarded B. has regarded C. is regarding D. regards [答案]A。[解析] 选用一般现在时态的被动语态,表示人们对这位伟大作家的爱戴。.Usually computers _________to search the Internet. [吉林省] A. use B. are using C. are used D. used [答案]C 。[解析]从句子看,电脑作主语,是动作的承受者,所以用被动语态,故选C。7.--Do you often clean your classroom? --Yes. Our classroom __________every day. [长沙市] A. clean B. cleans C. is cleaned [答案]C。[解析]考查被动语态物作主语,一般要考虑被动语态。但如果动词指的是物的特性,不能用被动语态。 2.一般过去时 【考点透视】表示过去某个时候发生的被动动作,用一般过去时的被动语态。一般过去 时的被动语态由“was/were+及物动词的过去分词(+by+实施者)”构成。 【考例】一Did you hear that water in Tai Lake smelt terrible?

中考英语句型翻译测验总汇

中考句型翻译练习 as soon as 1. 一收到他的来信我就会给你打电话。I will call you __________ I hear from him. 2.Mary一见到她弟弟就会告诉他这个消息。 Mary will tell his brother the news ______________________ she sees him. 3.昨天雨一停孩子们就回家了。 The children went home _______________________________________ yesterday. as...as/ not as...as 4. 麦克和安迪学习一样的努力。Mike studies ________________________ Andy. 5.“一夜成名”不像我们想得那么容易。 An overnight success is ________________ we think. 6. 北京的春天与夏天一样美丽。 Spring is ____________________________________________ summer in Beijing. as...as possible 7. 在体育测试中,我尽力了。 _________________________________possible in the PE test. 8. 我会在考前最后一个月尽力多读英语。 I’ll try hard to read English ______________________________ in the last month. 9. 玛丽会尽快给你回信的。 Mary will answer your letter ______________________________. ask for/ ask sb. for sth. 10.当你迷路时,你可以向警察寻求帮助。 You can ______________________________ when you are lost. 11.他每个月都跟妈妈要50元。 He ___________________________________________ every month. 12.他向父母要一辆自行车作为生日礼物。 He __________________________________________as his birthday gift. ask sb. to do / ask sb. not to do 13.老师要求我们离开教室前要关灯。 The teacher ________________________________ before we leave the classroom. 14.不要让我帮你的忙!你必须要你自己。 Don’t _________________________ help you. You must ____________________. 15.妈妈让我们睡觉前不吃东西。 My mother __________________________________________ before we go to bed. tell sb. to do/ tell sb. not to do 16.让我告诉你如何发送电子邮件。Let me ________________________ e-mails. 17.你能告诉我如何提高我的英语吗? Can you ____________________________ improve my English? 18.老师经常告诉我们上学别迟到。The teacher often________________________. be afraid/ be afraid of 19. Ann害怕再次犯相同的错误。 Ann ___________________________________________ the same mistake again.

(完整word版)中考英语专题讲练:被动语态(含解析)

被动语态 被动语态 知识精讲 一、被动语态 语态是动词的一种形式,表示主语和谓语动词之间的具体关系,分为主动语态和被动语 态两种。主动语态表示主语是谓语动词所表示的动作的执行者。被动语态表示主语是谓语动 词所表示的动作的承受者。 被动语态是动词的一种特殊形式,一般来说,只有需要动作对象的及物动词才有被动语 态。汉语往往用“被、受、给”等被动词来表示被动意义。其结构是由“助动词be+及物 动词的过去分词done”构成的。be本身无词义,但有时态、人称和数的变化,其变化与时 态中的变化一致。 各种时态的被动语态结构表(以动词do为例): 时态被动语态例句 The classroom is cleaned by us. 一般现在时am/is/are+ done 教室被我们打扫。 The kite was made by him yesterday. 一般过去时was/were+ done 昨天,风筝被他制作。 Flowers are being watered by her. 现在进行时am/is/are+ being+ done 花儿现在正在被她浇。 The work has been finished by Jim. 现在完成时have/has +been+ done 工作已经被做完。

二、被动语态的用法 1. 不知道或没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者时。例: The bridge was built last year. 这座桥是去年建造的。 He was elected chairman. 他被选为主席。 2. 当更加强调动作的承受者时。此时动作的执行者由by引导置于谓语动词之后,不需 要时可以省略。例: The room hasn’t been cleaned yet. 房间还没有打扫。 The tiger was killed by him. 老虎被他杀死了。 3. 当动作的执行者不是人时,多用被动语态。例: The window was blown by wind. 窗户被风吹开了。 The whole village has been washed away by the flood. 整个村庄都被洪水冲走了。 三点剖析 一、考点:被动语态的句子结构和用法。

相关主题