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英国文学史复习资料

英国文学史复习资料
英国文学史复习资料

英国文学史资料

British Writers and Works

I. Old English Literature & The Late Medieval Ages

贝奥武夫:the national epic of the Anglo-Saxons

Epic:long narrative poems that record the adventures or heroic deeds of a hero enacted in vast landscapes. The style of epic is grand and elevated.

e.g. Homer’s Iliad and Odyssey

Artistic features:

https://www.sodocs.net/doc/5a14193182.html,ing alliteration

Definition of alliteration: a rhetorical device, meaning some words in a

sentence begin with the same consonant sound(头韵)

Some examples on P5

https://www.sodocs.net/doc/5a14193182.html,ing metaphor and understatement

Definition of understatement: expressing something in a controlled

way Understatement is a typical way for Englishmen to express their

ideas

Geoffery Chaucer 杰弗里?乔叟1340(?)~1400

(首创“双韵体”,英国文学史上首先用伦敦方言写作。约翰·德莱顿(John Dryden)称其为“英国诗歌之父”。代表作《坎特伯雷故事集》。)

The father of English poetry.

writing style: wisdom, humor, humanity.

坎特伯雷故事集:

first time to use ‘heroic couplet’(双韵体) by middle English

特罗伊拉斯和克莱希德

声誉之宫

Medieval Ages’ popular Literary form: Romance(传奇故事)

Famous three:King Arthur

Sir Gawain and the Green Knight

Beowulf

II The Renaissance Period

A period of drama and poetry. The Elizabethan drama is the real mainstream

of the English Renaissance.

Renaissance: the activity, spirit, or time of the great revival of art, literature, and learning in Europe beginning in the 14th century and extending to the 17th century, marking the transition from the medieval to the modern world.

Three historical events of the Renaissance – rebirth or revival:

1.new discoveries in geography and astrology

2.the religious reformation and economic expansion

3.rediscovery of ancient Roman and Greek culture

The most famous dramatists:

Christopher Marlowe

William Shakespeare

Ben Johnson.

1.Edmund Spenser埃德蒙?斯宾塞1552~1599

(后人称之为“诗人的诗人”。)The poets’ poet.The first to be buried in the Poet’s corner of Westerminster Abbey

仙后(for Queen Elizabeth)

The theme is not “Arms and the man”, but something more romantic “Fierce wars and faithfull loves”.

Artistic features:

https://www.sodocs.net/doc/5a14193182.html,ing Spenserian Stanza

Definition of Spenserian Stanza:a stanza of nine lines ababbcbcc.

Eight lines in iambic pentameter, and last line in iambic

hexameter.

牧人日历

The theme is to lament over the loss of Rosalind.

爱情小唱

2. Thomas More托马斯?莫尔1478~1535

One of the greatest English humanists

乌托邦

3. Francis Bacon弗兰西斯?培根1561~1626

(哲学家、散文家;在论述探究知识的著作中提出了知识就是力量这一著名论断;近代唯物主义哲学的奠基人和近代实验科学的先驱。)Philosopher, scientist, lay the foundation for modern science. The first English essayist.

Writing style:brevity, compactness&powerfulness, well-arranging and enriching by Biblical allusions, metaphors and philosophy to man’s reason.

学术的推进

随笔(famous quotas: )

adopted by different people to pursue studies.

4. Ben Jonson

狐狸

5. Christopher Marlowe柯里斯托弗?马洛1564~1595

“University Wits”, the pioneer of English drama

(完善了无韵体诗。)

Blank verse: written in unrhymed iambic pentameter.

浮士德博士的悲剧(根据德国

民间故事书写成)

帖木耳大帝

马耳他的犹太人

6. William Shakespeare威廉?莎士比亚1564~1616

①Historical plays:Henry VI ; Henry IV : Richard III ; Henry V ;Richard

II;Henry VIII

②Four Comedies: 皆大欢喜; 第十二夜;

仲夏夜之梦;

Venice>威尼斯商人

③Four Tragedies:哈姆莱特; 奥赛罗;

尔王; 麦克白

④Shakespeare Sonnet :154

Three quatrain and one couplet, ababcdcdefefgg

A sonnet is a lyric consisting of 14 lines, usually in

iambic pentameter restricted to a definition rhyme scheme.

III The 17th Century

1. John Milton约翰?弥尔顿1608~1674

(诗人、政论家;失明后写《失乐园》、《复乐园》、《力士参孙》。)

①Epics: 失乐园

复乐园

②Dramatic poem: < Samson Agonistes>力士参孙

论出版自由

为英国人民声辩

我的失明

This sonnet is written in iambic pentameter rhymed in abba abba cde cde,

typical of Italian sonnet.

Its theme is that people use their talent for God, and they serve him best

sho can endure the suffering best.

2. John Bunyan约翰?班扬1628~1688

(代表作《天路历程》,宗教寓言,被誉为“具有永恒意义的百科全书”,是英国文学史上里程碑式著作。与但丁的《神曲》、奥古斯丁的《忏悔录》并列为世界三大宗教题材文学杰作。)

Puritan poet(清教徒派诗人)

①Religionary Allegory:天路历程

3. John Donne

the Metaphysical poet(玄学派诗人).

Metaphysical Poetry(玄学诗):(用语)the diction is simple, the imagery is from the actual, (形式)the form is frequently an argument with the poet’s beloved, with god, or with himself.(主题:love, religious, thought)

Artistic features:

1.conceits or imagery奇思妙喻

2.syllogism三段论

① Meditations 沉思录

The Flea 虱子

② Songs And Sonnets

Holy Sonnets

③Valediction:

IV The 18th Century

A revival of interest in the old classical works, order, logic, restrained emotion(抑制情感) and accuracy

The Age of Enlightenment/Reason:the movement was a furtherance of the Renaissance of the 15th and 16th centries, a progressive intellectual movement, reason(rationality), equality&science(the 18th century)

小说崛起:In the mid-century, the newly literary form, modern English novel rised(realistic novel现实主义小说)

Gothic novel(哥特式小说):mystery, horror, castles(from middle part to the end of century)

1. Alexander Pope亚历山大?蒲柏1688~1744

(18世纪英国最伟大的诗人,其诗多用“英雄双韵体”/ “ heroic couplets”。

词句工整、精练、富有哲理性。)

One of the first to introduce rationalism to England.

批评论

Artistic features:

https://www.sodocs.net/doc/5a14193182.html,ing “heroic couplets”

卷发遇劫记

道德论

人论

愚人记

2. Samuel Johnson塞缪尔?约翰逊1709~1784

①Dictionary =英语大词典

3. Jonathan Swift乔纳森?斯威夫特1667~1745

(十八世纪杰出的政论家和讽刺小说家a master satirist。)

格列佛游记(fictional work)

Four parts:

Lilliput 小人国

Brobdingnag 大人国

Flying Island 飞岛

Houyhnhnm 马岛

一个小小的建议

书战

木桶的故事

一个麻布商的书信

4. Daniel Defoe丹尼尔?笛福1660~1731

(小说家,新闻记者,小册子作者;十八世纪英国现实主义小说的奠基人。)

He is the first writer study of the lower-class people,hislanguage is smooth, easy, colloquial and mostly vernacular, and he is the founder of realistic novel.

鲁宾逊漂流记

It praise the fortitude of the human labor and the Puritan.

Robinson grew from a naive and artless youth into a shrewd and hardened man,tempered by numerous trials in his eventful life.

It is an adventure story, Robinson, narrates how he goes to sea, gets shipwrecked and marooned on a lonely island, struggles to live for

24-years there and finally gets relieved and returns to England.

5. Henry Fielding亨利?菲尔丁1707~1754

(英国小说家,戏剧家,被誉为“英国小说之父”。)

He is called “Father of English novel”. He was the first to write a “Comic epic in prose”(散文体史诗), and the first to give the modern novel its structure and style.

① novels:

弃婴汤姆?琼斯

约瑟夫?安德鲁

大诗人江奈生?威尔德

爱米利亚

② plays:

一七三六年历史记事

堂吉柯德在英国

6. Oliver Goldsmith奥利弗?格尔德斯密斯1730~1774

①poems:

英国文学史及选读 复习要点总结概要

《英国文学史及选读》第一册复习要点 1. Beowulf: national epic of the English people; Denmark story; alliteration, metaphors and understatements (此处可能会有填空,选择等小题 2. Romance (名词解释 3. “Sir Gawain and the Green Knight”: a famous roman about King Arthur’ s story 4. Ballad(名词解释 5. Character of Robin Hood 6. Geoffrey Chaucer: founder of English poetry; The Canterbury Tales (main contents; 124 stories planned, only 24 finished; written in Middle English; significance; form: heroic couplet 7. Heroic couplet (名词解释 8. Renaissance(名词解释 9.Thomas More—— Utopia 10. Sonnet(名词解释 11. Blank verse(名词解释12. Edmund Spenser “The Faerie Queene” 13. Francis Bacon “essays” esp. “Of Studies” (推荐阅读,学习写正式语体的英文文章的好参照,本文用词正式优雅,多排比句和长句,语言造诣非常高,里面很多话都可以引用做格言警句,非常值得一读 14. William Shakespeare四大悲剧比较重要,此外就是罗密欧与朱立叶了,这些剧的主题,背景,情节,人物形象都要熟悉,当然他最重要的是 Hamlet 这是肯定的。他的sonnet 也很重要,最重要属 sonnet18。 (其戏剧中著名对白和几首有名的十四行诗可能会出选读 15. John Milton 三大史诗非常重要,特别是 Paradise Lost 和 Samson Agonistes。对于 Paradise Lost 需要知道它是 blank verse写成的,故事情节来自 Old Testament,另外要知道此书 theme 和 Satan 的形象。

英国文学史及选读__期末试题及答案

考试课程:英国文学史及选读考核类型:A 卷 考试方式:闭卷出卷教师: XXX 考试专业:英语考试班级:英语xx班 I.Multiple choice (30 points, 1 point for each) select from the four choices of each item the one that best answers the question or completes the statement. 1._____,a typical example of old English poetry ,is regarded today as the national epic of the Anglo-Saxons. A.The Canterbury Tales B.The Ballad of Robin Hood C.The Song of Beowulf D.Sir Gawain and the Green Kinght 2._____is the most common foot in English poetry. A.The anapest B.The trochee C.The iamb D.The dactyl 3.The Renaissance is actually a movement stimulated by a series of historical events, which one of the following is NOT such an event? A.The rediscovery of ancient Roman and Greek culture. B.England’s domestic rest C.New discovery in geography and astrology D.The religious reformation and the economic expansion 4._____is the most successful religious allegory in the English language. A.The Pilgrims Progress B.Grace Abounding to the Chief of Sinners C.The Life and Death of Mr.Badman D.The Holy War 5.Generally, the Renaissance refers to the period between the 14th and mid-17th centuries, its essence is _____. A.science B.philosophy C.arts D.humanism 6.“So long as men can breathe, or eyes can see,/So long lives this, and this gives life to thee.”(Shakespeare, Sonnets18)What does“this”refer to ? A.Lover. B.Time. C.Summer. D.Poetry. 7.“O prince, O chief of my throned powers, /That led th’ embattled seraphim to war/Under thy conduct, and in dreadful deeds/Fearless, endangered Heaven’s perpetual king”In the third line of the above passage quoted from Milton’s Paradise Los t, the phrase“thy conduct”refers to _____conduct. A.God’s B.Satan’s C.Adam’s D.Eve’s

(完整)最全面英国文学史知识点总结,推荐文档

英国文学史 I. Old English Literature & The Late Medieval Ages 贝奥武夫:the national epic of the Anglo-Saxons Epic: long narrative poems that record the adventures or heroic deeds of a hero enacted in vast landscapes. The style of epic is grand and elevated. Artistic features: 1. Using alliteration Definition of alliteration: a rhetorical device, meaning some words in a sentence begin with the same consonant sound(头韵) Some examples on P5 2. Using metaphor and understatement Definition of understatement: expressing something in a controlled way Understatement is a typical way for Englishmen to express their ideas Geoffery Chaucer 杰弗里·乔叟1340~1400 (首创“双韵体”,英国文学史上首先用伦敦方言写作。约翰·德莱顿(John Dryden)称其为“英国诗歌之父”。代表作《坎特伯雷故事集》。) The father of English poetry. writing style: wisdom, humor, humanity. ①坎特伯雷故事集: first time to use ‘heroic couplet’(双韵体) by middle English ②特罗伊拉斯和克莱希德 ③声誉之宫 Medieval Ages’popular Literary form: Romance(传奇故事)

英国文学史期末复习重点

英国文学史 Part one: Early and Medieval English Literature Chapter 1 The Making of England 1. The early inhabitants in the island now we call England were Britons, a tribe of Gelts. 2. In 55 B.C., Britain was invaded by Julius Caesar. The Roman occupation lasted for about 400 years. It was also during the Roman role that Christianity was introduced to Britain. And in 410 A.D., all the Roman troops went back to the continent and never returned. 3. The English Conquest At the same time Britain was invaded by swarms of pirates(海盗). They were three tribes from Northern Europe: the Angles, Saxons and Jutes. And by the 7th century these small kingdoms were combined into a United Kingdom called England, or, the land of Angles. And the three dialects spoken by them naturally grew into a single language called Anglo -Saxon, or Old English. 4. The Social Condition of the Anglo -Saxon Therefore, the Anglo -Saxon period witnessed a transition from tribal society to feudalism. 5. Anglo -Saxon Religious Belief and Its Influence The Anglo -Saxons were Christianized in the seventh century. Chapter 2 Beowulf 1. Anglo -Saxon Poetry But there is one long poem of over 3,000 lines. It is Beowulf, the national epic of the English people. Grendel is a monster described in Beowulf. 3. Analysis of Its Content Beowulf is a folk lengend brought to England by Anglo -Saxons from their continental homes. It had been passed from mouth to mouth for hundreds of years before it was written down in the tenth century. 4. Features of Beowulf The most striking feature in its poetical form is the use of alliteration, metaphors and understatements. Chapter 3 Feudal England 1)T he Norman Conquest 2. The Norman Conquest The French -speaking Normans under Duke William came in 1066. After defeating the English at Hastings, William was crowned as King of England. The Norman Conquest marks the establishment of feudalism in England.

华南农业大学英国文学史期末考试题

华南农业大学xx文学史期末考试题 (下)注:本文档主要用作题型参考,非100%原题。 考试范围:启蒙运动时期,浪漫主义时期。 一选择题。(共50题,每题1分) 类型1:作品来源。(约10-15道题) 1.” Some village-Hampden, that with dauntless breast. The littletyrant of hisfields withstood, Some mute inglorious Milton here mayrest. SomeCromwell,guiltless of his country's blood.” is from ( )A.I Wandered Lonely As A Cloud B. The Cloud C. Bright Star D. Elegy 2. “But now your brow is beld, John. Your locks are lik e the snaw;But bless ingson your frosty pow…” is from ( ) A. John Anderson, My Jo B.A Red, Red Rose C. Tintern Abbey D. When We two parted 3.” I am assured by our merchants, that a boy or a girl beforetwelve years old isno saleable commodity, and even when they come tothis age, they will not yieldabove three pounds, or three pounds andhalf a crown at most, on the exchange.” isfrom ( ) A. Gulliver’s Travel B. Robinson Crusoe

(完整)英国文学史知识点,推荐文档

一、The Anglo-Saxon period (449-1066) 1、这个时期的文学作品分类:pagan(异教徒) Christian(基督徒) 2、代表作:The Song of Beowulf 《贝奥武甫》( national epic 民族史诗) 采用了隐喻手法 3、Alliteration 押头韵(写作手法) 例子:of man was the mildest and most beloved, To his kin the kindest, keenest for praise. 二、The Anglo-Norman period (1066-1350) Canto 诗章 1、romance 传奇文学 2、代表作:Sir Gawain and the Green Knight (高文爵士和绿衣骑士) 是一首押头韵的长诗 三、Geoffrey Chaucer (1340-1400) 杰弗里.乔叟时期 1、the father of English poetry 英国诗歌之父 2、heroic couplet 英雄双韵体:a verse unit consisting of two rhymed(押韵) lines in iambic pentameter(五步抑扬格) 3、代表作:the Canterbury Tales 坎特伯雷的故事(英国文学史的开端) 大致内容:the pilgrims are people from various parts of England, representatives of various walks of life and social groups. 朝圣者都是来自英国的各地的人,代表着社会的各个不同阶层和社会团体 小说特点:each of the narrators tells his tale in a peculiar manner, thus revealing his own views and character. 这些叙述者以自己特色的方式讲述自己的故事,无形中表明了各自的观点,展示了各自的性格。 小说观点:he believes in the right of man to earthly happiness. He is anxious to see man freed from superstitions(迷信) and a blind belief in fate(盲目地相信命运). 他希望人们能从迷信和对命运的盲从中解脱出来。 4、Popular Ballads 大众民谣:a story hold in 4-line stanzas with second and fourth line rhymed(笔记) Ballads are anonymous narrative songs that have been preserved by oral transmission(书上). 歌谣是匿名叙事歌曲,一直保存着口头传播的方式

英国文学史复习资料(三年级专业生期末考试必备)[1] (1)

英国文学史资料British Writers and Works I. Old English Literature & The Late Medieval Ages 贝奥武夫:the national epic of the Anglo-Saxons Epic:long narrative poems that record the adventures or heroic deeds of a hero enacted in vast landscapes. The style of epic is grand and elevated. e.g. Homer?s Iliad and Odyssey Artistic features: https://www.sodocs.net/doc/5a14193182.html,ing alliteration Definition of alliteration: a rhetorical device, meaning some words in a sentence begin with the same consonant sound(头韵) Some examples on P5 https://www.sodocs.net/doc/5a14193182.html,ing metaphor and understatement Definition of understatement: expressing something in a controlled way Understatement is a typical way for Englishmen to express their ideas Geoffery Chaucer 杰弗里?乔叟1340(?)~1400 (首创“双韵体”,英国文学史上首先用伦敦方言写作。约翰·德莱顿(John Dryden)称其为“英国诗歌之父”。代表作《坎特伯雷故事集》。) The father of English poetry. It is ____alone who, for the first time in English literature, presented to us a comprehensive (综合的,广泛的)realistic picture of the English society of his time and created a whole gallery of vivid characters from all walks of life. ( A ) A. Geoffrey Chaucer B. Matin Luther C. William Langland D. John Gower writing style: wisdom, humor, humanity. ① 坎特伯雷故事集: first time to use …heroic couplet?(双韵体) by middle English ②特罗伊拉斯和克莱希德 ③ 声誉之宫 Medieval Ages’ popular Literary form: Romance(传奇故事) Famous three:King Arthur Sir Gawain and the Green Knight Beowulf II The Renaissance Period A period of drama and poetry. The Elizabethan drama is the real mainstream of the English Renaissance. Renaissance: the activity, spirit, or time of the great revival of art, literature, and learning in Europe beginning in the 14th century and extending to the 17th century, marking the transition from the medieval to the modern world. Three historical events of the Renaissance – rebirth or revival: 1.new discoveries in geography and astrology

英国文学史及作品选读

英国文学史及作品选读 (模拟试题二) Ⅰ. Multiple Choice(1′×20=20分) 1.______can be justly termed England’s national epic. A. The Canterbury Tales B. Sir Gawain and the Green Knight C. The Song of Beowulf D. The Romance of the Rose 2. Among of the following dramas, which is one of Shakespeare’s four tragedies? A.Macbeth B.As You Like it C. Twelfth Night D. The Merchant of Venice 3. _______ is called as “ father of English novels” A. William Shakespeare B. Christopher Marlowe C. Daniel Defoe D.John Donne 4. It was ____who made blank verse the principal vehicle of expression in drama. A. Thomas Wyatt B. William Shakespeare C. Edmund Spenser D. Christopher Marlowe 5. Absoulute monarchy in England reached its summit during the reign of ____, especially Britain’s sea power was established. A.James I B. Henry VIII C. Queen Elizabeth D. Charles I 6. Hamlet, the most popular of Shakespeare's plays for readers and theater audiences, tells about the story of Hamlet, Prince of _______, and son of the dead king, who seeks revenge for his father’s death. A. England B. Norway C. Scotland D. Denmark 7. Which comment on John Donne is wrong? A. He is the leading figure of metaphysical poetry. B. His poetry is characterized by mysticism and peculiar conceit. C. John Donne’s poetry is characterized regularity among irregularity D. He never shows positive attitude towards love. 8. Robinson Crosue can be termed as____. A. a self-dependent person B. a person with colonial mind C. an adventuous person D. all of the above 9. Robert Burns is the representative of _____. A. Sentimentalism B. Pre-Romanticism C. Romanticism D. English Renaissance 10. William Blake’s ____ paint a world of misery, poverty, disease, war and repression with a melancholy tone. A.Poetical Sketches B. The Book of Thel C. Songs of Experience D. Songs of Innocence 11. The notorious “Peterloo Massacre” happened in _____. A. English Romantic period B. English Renaissance C. period of Restoration D. Neo-classical period 12. Lyrical Ballads are made by ____. A. Wordsworth and Shelley B. Wordsworth and Southey C. Wordsworth and Coleridge D. Shelley and Byron 13. According to____, poetry is the spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings which originates in emotion and recollected in tranquillity.

整理英国文学史bysummer

Chapter1 Early and Medieval Literature Three stages of English literary development: The Roman Conquest(55BC——410AD) The Anglo-Saxon Period(410——1066AD) Three tribes:Jutes,the Angles,and the Saxons The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle盎格鲁撒克逊编年史 The greatest literary achievement during this period is Beowulf。Beowulf贝奥武甫——epic,alliteration ★Epic: a long narrative poem telling about the deeds of a great hero and reflecting the values of the society from which it originated. Many epics were drawn from an oral tradition and were transmitted by song and recitation before they were written down. ★The whole epic is divided into two parts and tells of two major events in the life of Beowulf.①He kills a monster;②He fights a dragon. The Norman Conquest(1066-------1350AD) 下层:ballad民谣(ballads which are the most important parts of English folk literature) 上层:chivalry骑士文学:Sir Gawain and the Green Knight (alliteration verse) ★Most of the English romances deal with three major themes: Ⅰ.The Matter of Britain——which is about the adventures of King

2014-2015英国文学史及选读期末试题B

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班级_________________学号姓名考试科目英美文学史及作品选读【(1)】B卷闭卷共 5 页 学生答题不得超过此线····································密························封························线································

班级_________________学号姓名考试科目英美文学史及作品选读【(1)】B卷闭卷共 5 页 学生答题不得超过此线····································密························封························线································

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