高中英语必修5课文逐句翻译(外研版)
1.必修五MODULE 1 Words, words, words词,词,词
British and American English are different in many ways. 英式英语和美式英语在很多方面都有所不同.The first and most obvious way is in the vocabulary. 首先最明显的是在词汇方面.There are hundreds of different words which are not used on the other side of the Atlantic, or which are used with a different meaning. 有数以百计个不同的词在大西洋彼岸的另一个英语国家不被使用,或者以一种不同的意思被使用着.Some of these words are well
known---Americans drive automobiles down freeways and fill up with gas;其中有些词就很广泛地为人所知--- 美国人在freeways上驾驶的是automobiles,给车加gas;the British drive cars along motorways and fill up with petrol.英国人在motorways上驾驶的是cars,给车加petrol. As a tourist, you will need to use the underground in London or the subway in New York, or maybe you will prefer to get around the town by taxi
Chips or French files Chips 还是French fries?
But other words and expressions are not so well known.但是其他词语和表达方式却没有这么广泛地为人所知.Americans use a flashlight, while for the British, it's a torch.美国人把手电筒称为flashlight,而英国人却叫它torch. The British queue up; Americans stand in line.英国人排队用queue up,而美国人说stand in line.有时候, Sometimes the same word has a slightly different meaning, which can be confusing. 同一个单词在意义上一点细微的差别就让人
很困惑.Chips, for example, are pieces of hot fried potato in Britain; in the States chips are very thin and are sold in packets.比如chips这个词在英国是热炸的薯条,在美国chips却指非常薄而且装在纸袋里出售的薯片.The British call these crisps.英国人把这种东西称为crips. The chips the British know and love are French fries on the other side of the Atlantic. 英国人知道而且喜欢的薯条在大西洋对岸被称为French fries .
Have or have got? Have 还是have got?
There are a few differences in grammar, too. 在语法上,英式英语和美式英语也有一些区别.The British say Have you got...?I while Americans prefer Do you have .-.?英国人说Have you got·?然而美国人却愿意说Do you have ...？An American might say My friend just arrived, but a British person would
say My friend has just arrived.美国人可能会说My friend just arrived,但是英国人愿意讲My friend has just arrived .Prepositions, too, can be different: compare on the team, on the weekend
Colour or color? Colour还是color?
The other two areas in which the two varieties differ are spelling and pronunciation. 此外,在两种英语中另外两个领域的区别是拼写和发
音.Americanspelling seems simpler:美式英语的拼写看上去更简单一些：center, color and program instead of centre, colour and programme. center, color 和program 是美式拼法,centre, colour和programme 是英式拼法. Many factors have influenced American pronunciation since the first settlers arrived four hundred years ago. 自从400年前第一批移民的到来,有很多因素影响了美语发音.The accent, which is most similar to British English, can be heard on the East Coast of the US. 在美国东海岸能够听到跟英式英语非常接近的口音.When the Irish writer George Bernard Shaw made the famous remark that the British and the Americans are two nations divided by a common language, he was obviously thinking about the differences. 当爱尔兰作家萧伯纳讲那句名言：英国和美国是被同一种语言分开的两个民族的时候,他显然想到了它们的区别.But are they really so important? 但是这些区别真的如此重要吗?After all, there is probably as much variation of pronunciation within the two countries as between them.毕竟,两个国家境内的口音差别可能跟两国之间的口音差别一样多. A Londoner has more difficulty understanding a Scotsman from Glasgow than understanding a New Yorker.一个伦敦人要听懂来自格拉斯哥的苏格兰人讲话可能比理解一个纽约人更难.
Turn on the TV打开电视机
Some experts believe that the two varieties are moving closer together.很多专家相信这两种语言变体正在越来越接近. For more than a century communications across the Atlantic have developed steadily. 一个多世纪以来,大西洋两岸的交流稳步发展.Since 1980s, with satellite TV and the Internet,
it has been possible to listen to British and American English at the Hick of a switch.自从20世纪80年代以来,随着卫星电视和因特网的使用,非常便捷地听到英式英语和美式英语已经成为可能.
This non-stop communication, the experts think, has made it easier for British people and Americans to understand each other. 专家们认为,这种不间断的交流使得英国人和美国人相互理解起来更加容易.But it has also led to lots of American words and structures passing into British English, so that some people now believe that British English will disappear.但是这也致使许多美式英语单词和结构传人英式英语,以至于现在有一些人相信英式英语将要消失. However, if you turn on CNN, the American TV network, you find newsreaders and weather forecasters all speaking with different accents - American, British, Australian, and even Spanish.然而,如果你打开美国电视网络节目CNN,你会发现新闻播报员和天气预报员操着不同的口音---美国的,英国的,澳大利亚的,甚至西班牙的. One of the best-known faces, Monita Rajpal, was born in Hong Kong. China, and grew up, speaking Chinese and Punjabi, as well as English.其中最熟悉的脸孔之一,慕妮塔·让治派出生于中国香港,从小到大说的是汉语、Punjabi土语和英语.
This international dimension suggests that in the future, there are going to be many "Englishes", not just two main varieties.这种国际性的广泛使用表明,在未来将有很多种英语,不仅仅是两种. But the message is "Don't worry." Users of English will all be able to understand each other---wherever they are.
但其实大家不用担心!无论在哪里,英语的使用者们都会彼此理解.
2.必修五MODULE 2 The Human Traffic Signal人体交通标志
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At 3,500 metres, La Paz, in Bolivia, is the highest capital in the world.位于海拔3,500 米的玻利维亚首府拉巴斯是世界上最高的首都. Life is hard at high altitude, and the mountains make communications difficult. 在高海拔地区的生活很艰苦,高山使得地区交通非常困难.Many roads are in bad condition and accidents are frequent. 许多路况很差而且事故频发,One road in particular, which goes north from La Paz, is considered the most dangerous road in the world.尤其是从拉巴斯通向北边的一条路被认为是世上最危险的路. On one side the mountains rise steeply; on the other side there is a sheer drop which in places is hundreds of metres deep. 在路的一边,山体高耸险峻,另一边悬崖陡峭,有些地方足有几百米深.Although there is not a lot of traffic, on average, one vehicle comes off the road every two weeks.尽管这条路上每天的交通量不大,但是平均每两周就有一辆车冲出公路,掉下悬崖. The drop is so great that anyone inside the vehicle is lucky to survive.悬崖落差如此之大,在掉下去的车里任何一个能活着的乘客都是幸运的. In theory, the road can only be used by traffic going uphill from 8 in the morning and by traffic coming downhill from 3 in the afternoon.按理,这条路上从早晨8点开始只准许上山的车通行,下午3点以后下山的车通行. But in practice, few drivers respect this rules. 但实际上,几乎没有司机遵守这些规则.
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But thanks to one man, the death toll has fallen. 但是多亏了一个人,这条路上
的事故死亡率己经下降了.Timoteo Apaza is a gentle 46-year-old man who lives in a village near the most dangerous part of the road, known locally as lacurva del Diablo
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So why does he do it?但是,他为什么要这样做呢? Before he volunteered to direct the traffic, Timoteo had had lots of jobs.在他志愿指挥交通之前,做过很多工作. He had been a miner and a soldier.他曾是矿工,还当过兵. Then one
day while he was working as a lorry driver he had a close encounter with death.他做卡车司机的时候,有一次他跟死神打了个照面. He was driving a lorry load of bananas when he came off the road at a bend and fell three hundred metres down the mountain.当他正开着装满香蕉的卡车要驶过一个弯道的时候,他连人带车翻到了300多米深的山崖下. Somehow he survived. 万幸的是,他活了下来.He was in hospital for months. 他在医院呆了好几个
月.Then, a few years later, he was called out in the night to help pull people out of a bus which had crashed at la curva del diablo. 几年后的一天夜里,他被叫出来帮忙拉出在魔鬼弯道坠毁的公共汽车里的人.This last experience had a profound effect on Timoteo.最后的这次经历对铁穆特欧产生了重大影响,He realized that he was lucky to be alive himself, and felt that it was his mission in life to help others. 他意识到他能活下来是很幸运的,而且感觉到帮助别人是他人生的使命.And so every morning, week in, week out, from dawn to dusk, Timoteo takes up his place on the bend and directs the traffic.于是每天早晨,铁穆特欧都来到路的拐弯处站好自己的位置,开始指挥来往车辆,从拂晓到黄昏,一周又一周.
3.必修五MODULE 3 Steam boat汽船
There was a big storm after midnight and the rain poured down. 后半夜来了一场暴风雨,大雨倾盆而下.We stayed inside the shelter we had built and let the raft sail down the river. 我们躲进了自己搭起来的避雨棚,让木筏顺流而下.Suddenly, by the light of the lightning, we saw something in the middle of the river. 突然间,借着闪电的光亮,我们看到河中间有东西.It looked like a house
at first, but then we realized it was a steam boat. 一开始它看上去像座房子,但后来我们意识到那是艘蒸汽船.It had hit a rock and was half in and half out of the water. 它触礁了,一半沉在水里,一半露在水面上.We were sailing straight towards it.我们的木筏正朝着它驶去.
"It looks as if it'll go under soon," Jim said, after a couple of minutes. "看起来它快沉了,"过了一会儿,吉姆说.
"Let's go and take a look," I said"我们去看看怎么回事儿."我接着说.
"I don't want to board a sinking ship," said Jim, "我可不想上一条要沉的船."吉姆不同意.but when I suggested that we might find something useful on the boat, he agreed to go. 但当我提出我们可能在上面找到些有用的东西时,他还是同意了.So we paddled over and climbed on to the steamboat, keeping as quiet as mice. 于是我们划了过去,躁手镊脚地,像老鼠一样悄无声息地爬上了汽船.To our astonishment, there was a light in one of the cabins.令我们大吃一惊的是,有间船舱里还亮着一盏灯. Then we heard someone shout, "Oh please boys, don't kill me! I won't tell anybody!"接着我们听到人的嚎叫声,"哦,哥们儿,别杀我!我跟谁也不会说的!"
A man's angry voice answered, "You're lying. You said that last time. We're going to kill you."一个男人生气的声音回应到:"你在撒谎,上次你也是这么说的.我们要杀了你!"
When he heard these words, Jim panicked and ran to the raft.吉姆听到了这些后,恐惧万分,向木筏跑了过去. But although I was frightened, I also felt very curious, so I put my head round the door.而我尽管害怕,但也感到十分好奇,
于是就把头凑向了那扇门. It was quite dark, but I could see a man lying on the floor, tied up with rope.船舱里面很黑,但我能看见一个人被绳子捆着,躺在地板上. There were two men standing over him.有两个人围着他站着. One was short, with a beard.其中一个是矮个,留着络腮胡子, The other was tall and had something in his hand that looked like a gun.另外一个是高个,手里拿着什么东西,看起来像是把枪.
"I've had enough of you. I'm going to shoot you now," this man said. "我受够你了!我现在就要毙了你."那个高个说道.He was obviously the one who had threatened the man on the floor.显然他就是刚才威胁躺在地上的人的那个人. And it was a gun he had in his hand.握在他手中的确实是把枪.
"No, don't do that," said the short man. "Let's leave him here. The steamboat will sink in a couple of hours and he'll go down with it." "不,别这么干."那个矮个说,"我们把他扔在这儿.这船过几小时就沉了,他也就跟船一起沉了."
When he heard that, the frightened man on the floor started crying.听到这话后,那个在地上己被吓傻的人开始嚎哭. "He sounds as if he's going to die of fright!" I thought. "I have to find a way to save him!" "听起来他就要吓死了,"我想,"我得设法去救他."
I crawled along the deck, found Jim, and told him what I had heard. 我沿着甲板爬行,找到了吉姆,并告诉他我所听到的一切."We must find their boat and take it away, then they'll have to stay here," I said.我说:"我们必须找到他们的船并弄走它,然后他们就不得不呆在这儿了."
Jim looked terrified. "I'm not staying here," he said.吉姆看上去很害怕,说:"我
不想呆在这儿." But I persuaded him to help me, and we found the men's boat tied to the other side of the steamboat.但我劝他帮我的忙,找到了他们拴在沉船另一边的小船. We climbed quietly in and as we paddled away we heard the two men shouting. 我们悄悄地爬上了小船,就在我们划着小船离开了那艘要沉的汽船时,我们听到那两个人的吼叫声.By then we were a safe distance away.而那时我们已经离他们有段安全的距离了. But now I began to feel bad about what we had done.1 didn't want all three men to die.但现在我开始后悔这么做了----我不想让那三个人部死掉.
4.必修五MODULE 4 The Magic of the Mask面具的魔力
Think of carnival, and you think of crowds, costumes, and confusion. 想到狂欢节,你就会想到人群、各色各样的服装和热闹非凡的场面.The sounds and sights change from one country to another but the excitement is the same everywhere.热闹的场面在不同的国家会有所不同,但人们的兴奋程度在各地都是相同的.
"Carnival" comes from two Latin words, meaning " no more meat".狂欢节这个词是由两个拉丁词演变而来的,意思是"禁肉食". In Europe, where it began, carnival was followed by forty days without meat,欧洲是狂欢节的起源地,在那里,狂欢节过后会有40天不食肉的日子. as people prepared for the Christian festival of Easter. 这期间,人们准备迎接基督教的节日复活节.People saw Carnival as a last chance to have fun at the end of the winter season. Having fun meant eating, drinking, and dressing up.他们把狂欢节作为冬天结束前最后一次玩乐的机会,尽情地吃、喝、乔装打扮一番.
The most famous carnival in Europe was in Venice. 欧洲最著名的狂欢节是在威尼斯.At the beginning, it lasted for just one day.最初,狂欢节只持续一天. People ate, drank, and wore masks. 人们吃啊,喝啊,并戴上面具.As time passed, however, the carnival period was extended, so that it began just after Christmas.渐渐地,庆祝狂欢节的时间长了,圣诞节一过狂欢节就开始. For weeks on end people walked round the streets wearing masks, doing what they wanted without being recognised.接连几个星期,人们戴着面具走街串巷,为所欲为而不会被认出来. Ordinary people could pretend to be rich and important, while famous people could have romanticadventures in secret.普通人可以装成阔佬和要人,而名人也可以偷偷地体验浪漫奇遇. Many crimes went unpunished.很多罪行都逃脱了惩处.
The government realized that wearing masks had become a problem. 政府意识到戴面具成了一个社会问题.Their use was limited by laws, the first of which dates back to the fourteenth century.于是制定了限用面具的法律条文,这最早可以追溯到14世纪. Men were not allowed to wear masks at night; and they were not allowed to dress up as women.男子不准在夜间戴面具,并且不能假扮女性. In later times more laws were passed.之后,更多法律条文出台. People who wore masks could not carry firearms; and no one could enter a church wearing a mask.戴面具者不得携带火器,不得进入教堂. If they broke the laws. they were put into prison for up to two years.违反面具法者将被判入狱,刑期可长达两年. Finally, when Venice became part of the Austrian empire, at the end of the eighteenth century, masks were banned completely,
and carnival became just a memory.最后,在18世纪末,当威尼斯成为奥地利帝国的一部分时,面具被完全禁止了,狂欢节成为记忆.
But in the late 1970s the tradition was revived by students. 但在20世纪70年代后期,狂欢节这个传统又被学生们恢复了.They began making masks and organizing parties, and threw bits of brightly colored paper
Today, carnival in Venice is celebrated for five days in February.如今,威尼斯狂欢节的庆祝活动在二月进行,历时五天. People arrive from all over Europe to enjoy the fun.来自欧洲各国的人们在此尽情娱乐. Hotels are fully booked and the narrow streets are crowded with wonderful costumes. 旅店一订而空,狭窄的街道挤满了身着各种华美服饰的人们.German, French and English seem to be the main languages. 德语、法语和英语似乎成了主要语言.But the spirit of Venice carnival is not quite the same as the great American carnivals.但威尼斯狂欢节的本质与美洲狂欢节有所不同. If the key to Rio is music and movement, then in Venice it is the mystery of the mask. 在里约热内卢,狂欢节主要是音乐和游行了.而在威尼斯,则是神秘的面具.As you wander through the streets, you see thousands of masks --- elegant or frightening, sad or amusing, traditional or modern ---but you have no idea what the faces behind them look like.走在街上,你能看到成千上万的面具,高雅的、可怕的、
忧伤的、有趣的、"传统的、时尚的,但你并不知道面具后面的是哪张面孔. Nobody takes them off. If the masks come off, the magic is lost.没人把面具摘下.如果面具摘掉了,其魔力也就消失了.
5.必修五MODULE5 A Life in Sports体育人生
They called him the prince of gymnasts.人们称他为体操王子. When he retired at the age of 26, he had won 106 gold medals in major competitions across the world. 26岁退役时,他己在世界重大比赛中获得了106枚金牌.They included six out of seven gold medals at the 1982 World Championship, and three at the 1984 Olympics in Los Angeles
But it was this sense of failure that made him determined to succeed in his new life. 但就是这种失败感使他决心在新的生活中取得成功.A year after his
retirement, Li Ning began a new career-----as a businessman.退役一年后,李宁开始了他新的事业---从商. But he didn't forget his sporting background.但是,他并没有忘记他的运动生涯. He decided to launch a new brand of sportswear, competing with global giants like Mike and Adidas.他决定推出一种新品牌的运动服,和全球大公司耐克、阿迪达斯等竞争. He made the unusual choice, for a Chinese person, of choosing his own name as the brand mark. 对一个中国人而言,他作出了异乎寻常的选择,那就是用自己的名字做商标.The bright red logo is made up of the first two pinyin letters of Li Ning's name, L and N.那个鲜红色的商标是由"李宁"拼音的两个首宇母L和N组成. Li Ning's sports clothes came onto the market at just the right time.李宁运动服进人市场正当其时. The number of young people with money to spend was on the increase---- and sport had never been so popular.有钱消费的年轻人的数量在增加,而体育运动也得到前所未有的普及. Li Ning's designs were attractive, and they had a major advantage over their better-known rivals---- they were cheaper.李宁运动服不仅设计吸引人,而且比起那些著名的商业对手,它拥有一个主要优势,那就是价格便宜. A pair of Nike trainers, for example, could cost up to five times as much as a similar Li Ning product. 比如,一双耐克运动鞋的价格可能是一双季宁牌同类产品价格的五倍之多.Success for Li Ning was guaranteed, and it came quickly.李宁的成功有了保证,并且来势迅速.
In just a few years, Li Ning won more than fifty per cent of the national market. 短短几年,李宁赢得了超过百分之五十的国内市场.Today a Li Ning
product is purchased every ten seconds. 现在每十秒钟就有一款李宁牌产品售出.But the clothes are not only worn on the athletics track or the football pitch. If you go into a school or university anywhere, the chances are you will see students in Li Ning tracksuits with the familiar logo.李宁牌运动服不仅仅出现在径赛场或足球场上,如果你走进任何一个地方的中学或大学校园,你很有可能看到身穿印有那个熟悉标志的李宁运动服的学生们. The company has also grown internationally公司也有了国际化发展.The Spanish and French gymnastics teams wear Li Ning clothes, while Italian designers are employed by the company to create new styles. 西班牙和法国的体操队员也穿李宁牌服装.同时,公司还雇用意大利设计师设计新的款式.Whenever Chinese athletes step out onto the track during the 2008 Olympics, they will be. wearing Li Ning tracksuits.当中国体育健儿步人2008年奥运会赛场时,他们将身穿李宁牌运动服.
But Li Ning's goal when he retired was not to make money.但是,李宁退役时的目标并不是赚钱. His dream was to open a school for gymnasts. 他的梦想是开办一所体操学校.He was able to do this in 1991. 1991年,他如愿以偿. Since then, he has continued to help young people to achieve their sporting ambitions. 从那时起,他不断地帮助年轻人实现他们的体育梦想.Like Pele and Muhammad Alt before him,who have worked with the United Nations for children's rights and peace, Li Ning has discovered that the work of a great sportsman does not finish when he retires from the sport. It starts. 在他之前,球王贝利和拳王阿里,他们在联合国为儿童权利及世界和平工作多年.与他们一样,
李宁发现:当一个杰出的运动员退出体坛时,他/她的工作并不是结束,而是开始. And if you are a great sportsperson, anything is possible, as Li Ning's advertising slogan says.
正如李宁广告标语所言,如果你是一位杰出的运动员,"一切皆有可能".
6.必修五MODULE 6 Saving the Antelopes拯救藏羚羊
On a freezing cold day in January 1994, Jiesang Suonandajie found what he was looking for---a group of poachers who were killing the endangered Tibetan antelope. 1994年1月一个滴水成冰的寒冷日子,杰桑·索南达杰发现了他一直寻找的目标群正在杀害濒临灭绝的藏羚羊的偷猎者.Jiesang knew he had to move quickly.杰桑知道,他必须迅速行动.He shouted to the poachers to put down their guns.他大声地喊叫着,要偷猎者放下武器. Although surprised, the poachers had an advantage---there were more of them.偷猎者虽然感到惊慌,但他们占着人多的优势. In the battle which followed Jiesang was shot and killed.在接下来的枪战中,杰桑被击中身亡. When his frozen body was found hours later, he was still holding his gun. 几小时后,人们发现了他冻僵的身体,手中仍然紧握着枪.He had given his life to save the Tibetan antelope.他为拯救藏羚羊献出了生命.
At the beginning of the twentieth century there were millions of antelopes on the Qinghai-Tibetan plateau. 20世纪初期,青藏高原上有数百万只藏羚羊.By the 1990s the number had fallen to 50,000. 截止到20世纪90年代,藏羚羊的数目下降到了大约5万只.The reason is simple: the wool of the Tibetan antelope is the most expensive in the world.原因很简单:藏羚羊毛是世上最昂贵的毛皮.It
is soft, light, and warm----the ideal coat for an animal which has to survive at high altitudes.它又软又轻又暖和,是高海拔地区动物赖以生存的理想皮毛. A shawl made from the wool
In the 1990s the Chinese government began to take an active part in protecting the antelopes in the Hoh Xil Nature Reserve ----the huge national
park on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, which is the main habitat of the antelopes. 20世纪90年代,中国政府开始积极开展可可西里自然保护区的藏羚羊保护工自然保护区是青藏高原的一个大型国家公园,是藏羚羊的主要栖息
地.Over the next ten years about 3,000 poachers were caught and 300 vehicles confiscated.在接下来的有3000多名偷猎者被抓获和300辆汽车被没收. Sometimes there were gunfights, like the one in which Jiesang Suonandajie was killed.有时,还会发生枪战.像杰桑·索就是在这类枪战中牺牲的. But today the government seems to be winning the battle. 如今,政府似乎正在赢得这场战争,偷猎者的人数下降了.The number of poachers has fallen. The small group of officials who work in the reserve are helped by volunteers who come from all over the country, and who are ready for the difficult conditions of life at 5,000 metres.工作在保护区的政府官员们得到了来自全国各地的、愿意忍受海拔5000米以上恶劣生活环境的志愿者们的支持. Meanwhile, in those countries where the shawls are sold, police are getting tough with the dealers. International co-operation seems to be working.同时,在那些出售藏羚羊毛披肩的国家,警方开始严厉打击藏羚羊毛披肩的贩卖者. Since 1997 the antelope population has slowly begun to grow again.国际合作也见成效,自1997年以来,藏羚羊的数目已开始慢慢回升.
高中英语必修五课文及其翻译
必修5之袁州冬雪创作 Unit 1 Great scientists Reading JOHH SHOW DEFEATS “KING CHOLERA” John Snow was a famous doctor in London - so expert, indeed, that he attended Queen Victoria as her personal physician. But he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera. This was the deadly disease of its day. Neither its cause nor its cure was understood. So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak. John Snow wanted to face the challenge and solve this problem. He knew that cholera would never be controlled until its cause was found. He became interested in two theories that possibly explained how cholera killed people. The first suggested that cholera multiplied in the air. A cloud of dangerous gas floated around until it found its victims. The second suggested that people absorbed this disease into their bodies with their meals. From the stomach the disease
高中英语必修五课文与其翻译
必修5 Unit 1 Great scientists Reading JOHH SHOW DEFEATS“ KING CHOLERA” John Snow was a famous doctor in London - so expert, indeed, that he attended Queen Victoria as her personal physician. But he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera. This was the deadly disease of its day. Neither its cause nor its cure was understood. So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak. John Snow wanted to face the challenge and solve this problem. He knew that cholera would never be controlled until its cause was found. He became interested in two theories that possibly explained how cholera killed people. The first suggested that cholera multiplied in the air. A cloud of dangerous gas floated around until it found its victims. The second suggested that people absorbed this disease into their bodies with their meals. From the stomach the disease quickly attacked the body and soon the affected person died. John Snow suspected that the second theory was correct but he needed evidence. So when another outbreak hit London in 1854, he was ready to begin his enquiry. As the disease spread quickly through poor neighbourhoods, he began to gather information. In two particular streets, the cholera outbreak was so severe that more than 500 people died in ten days. He was determined to find out why. First he marked on a map the exact places where all the dead people had lived. This gave him a valuable clue about the cause of the disease. Many of the deaths were near the water pump in Broad Street (especially numbers 16, 37, 38 and 40). He also noticed that some houses (such as 20 and 21 Broad Street and 8 and 9 Cambridge Street) had had no deaths. He had not foreseen this, so he made further investigations. He discovered that these people worked in the pub at 7 Cambridge Street. They had been given free beer and so had not drunk the water from the pump. It seemed that the water was to blame. Next, John Snow looked into the source of the water for these two streets. He found that it came from the river polluted by the dirty water from London. He immediately told the astonished people in Broad Street to remove the handle from the pump so that it could not be used. Soon afterwards the disease slowed down. He had shown that cholera was spread by germs and not in a cloud of gas. In another part of London, he found supporting evidence from two other deaths that were linked to the Broad Street outbreak. A woman, who had moved away from Broad Street, liked the water from the pump so much that she had it delivered to her house every day. Both she and her daughter died of cholera after drinking the water. With this extra evidence John Snow was able to announce with certainty that polluted water carried the virus. To prevent this from happening again, John Snow suggested that the source of all the water supplies be examined. The water companies were instructed not to expose people to polluted water any more. Finally "King Cholera" was defeated.
高中英语必修5课文逐句翻译外研版
1.必修五MODULE 1 Words, words, words词，词，词 British and American English are different in many ways. 英式英语和美式英语在 很多方面都有所不同。The first and most obvious way is in the vocabulary. 首先最明显的是在词汇方面。There are hundreds of different words which are not used on the other side of the Atlantic, or which are used with a different meaning. 有数以百计个不同的词在大西洋彼岸的另一个英语国家不被使用，或者以一种不同的意思被使用着。Some of these words are well known---Americans drive automobiles down freeways and fill up with gas;其中有些词就很广泛地为人所知--- 美国人在freeways上驾驶的是automobiles，给车加gas;the British drive cars along motorways and fill up with petrol.英国人在motorways上驾驶的是cars，给车加petrol。As a tourist, you will need to use the underground in London or the subway in New York, or maybe you will prefer to get around the town by taxi(British) or cab (American). 作为游人，在伦敦你要乘underground，而在纽约则是subway，或者你愿意乘坐taxi(英式)或者cab (美式)游览城市。 Chips or French files Chips 还是French fries? But other words and expressions are not so well known.但是其他词语和表达方式却没有这么广泛地为人所知。Americans use a flashlight, while for the British, it's a torch.美国人把手电筒称为flashlight，而英国人却叫它torch。The British queue up; Americans stand in line.英国人排队用queue up，而美国人说stand in line。有时候，Sometimes the same word has a slightly different meaning, which can be confusing. 同一个单词在意义上一点细微的差别就让人很困惑。Chips, for example, are pieces of hot fried potato in Britain; in the States chips are very thin and are sold in packets.比如chips这个词在英国是热炸的薯条，在美国chips却指非常薄而且装在纸袋里出售的薯片。The British call these crisps.英国人把这种东西称为crips。The chips the British know and love are French fries on the other side of the Atlantic. 英国人知道而且喜欢的薯条在大西洋对岸被称为French fries 。Have or have got? Have 还是have got? There are a few differences in grammar, too. 在语法上，英式英语和美式英语也有一些区别。The British say Have you got...?I while Americans prefer Do you have .-.?
高一英语必修一Unit 5课文翻译
高一英语必修一Unit 5课文翻译 Unit 5 Nelson Mandela - a modern hero Reading AELIAS’ STORY 伊莱亚斯的故事 My name is Elias. I am a poor black worker in South Africa.我的名字叫伊莱亚斯。我是南非的一个穷苦的黑人工人。The time when I first met Nelson Mandela was a very difficult period of my life.第一次见到纳尔逊·曼德拉的时候，是我一生中非常艰难的时期。I was twelve years old. It was in 1952 and Mandela was the black lawyer to whom I went for advice.(当时)我才12岁，那是在1952年，曼德拉是我寻求帮助的一位黑人律师。He offered guidance to poor black people on their legal problems.他为那些穷苦黑人提供法律指导。He was generous with his time, for which I was grateful.他十分慷慨地给予我时间，我为此非常感激。 I needed his help because I had very little education.由于我所受的教育很少，所以我需要他的帮助。I began school at six. The school where I studied for only two years was three kilometers away.我六岁开始上学，我仅仅在那里读了两年的学校有三公里远。I had to leave because my family could not continue to pay the school fees and the bus fare.我不得不辍学，因为我的家庭无法继续支付学费和交通费。I could not read or write well.我既不太会读，也不怎么会写。After trying hard,
【高二英语必修五外研版课文翻译】高二英语课本课文翻译
【高二英语必修五外研版课文翻译】高二英语课本课文翻译翻译也是英语考试必考的题型之一，下面是小编整理的高二英语课本课文翻译，希望对你有帮助。 MARTY’S STORYHi, my name is Marry Fielding and I guess you could say that I am one in a million. In other words, there are not many people like me. You see, I have a muscle disease which makes me very weak, so I cant run or climb stairs as quickly as other people. In addition, sometimes I am very clumsy and drop things or bump into furniture. Unfortunately, the doctors dont know how to make me better, but I am very outgoing and have learned to adapt to my disability. My motto is: live One day at a time. Until I was ten years old I was the same as everyone else. I used to climb trees, swim and play football. In fact, I used to dream about playing professional football and possibly representing my country in the World Cup. Then I started to get weaker and weaker, until I could only enjoy football from a bench at the stadium. In the end I went into hospital for medical tests. I stayed there for nearly three months. I think I had at least a billion tests, including one in which they cut out a piece of muscle from my leg and looked at it under a microscope. Even after all that, no one could give my disease a name and it is difficult to know what the future holds. One problem is that I dont look any different from other people. So
高中英语必修五课文及翻译
-必修 5 Unit 2 The United Kingdom Reading PUZZLES IN GEOGRAPHY People may wonder why different words are used to describe these four countries: England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland. You can clarify this question if you study British history. First there was England. Wales was linked to it in the thirteenth century. Now when people refer to England you find Wales included as well. Next England and Wales were joined to Scotland in the seventeenth century and the name was changed to "Great Britain". Happily this was accomplished without conflict when King James of Scotland became King of England and Wales as well. Finally the English government tried in the early twentieth century to form the United Kingdom by getting Ireland connected in the same peaceful way. However, the southern part of Ireland was unwilling and broke away to form its own government. So only Northern Ireland joined with England, Wales and Scotland to become the United Kingdom and this was shown to the world in a new flag called the Union Jack. To their credit the four countries do work together in some areas (eg, the currency and international relations), but they still have very different institutions. For example, Northern Ireland, England and Scotland have different educational and legal systems as well as different football teams for competitions like the World Cup! England is the largest of the four countries, and for convenience it is divided roughly into three zones. The zone nearest France is called the South of England, the middle zone is called the Midlands and the one nearest to Scotland is known as the North. You find most of the population settled in the south, but most of the industrial cities in the Midlands and the North of England. Although, nationwide, these cities are not as large as those in China, they have world-famous football teams and some of them even have two! It is a pity that the industrial cities built in the nineteenth century do not attract visitors. For historical architecture you have to go to older but smaller towns built by the Romans. There you will find out more about British history and culture. The greatest historical treasure of all is London with its museums, art collections, theatres, parks and buildings. It is the centre of national government and its administration. It has the oldest port built by the Romans in the first century AD, the oldest building begun by the Anglo-Saxons in the 1060s and the oldest castle constructed by later Norman rulers in 1066. There has been four sets of invaders of England. The first invaders, the Romans, left their towns and roads. The second, the Anglo-Saxons, left their language and their government. The third, the Vikings, influenced the vocabulary and place-names of the North of England, and the fourth, the Normans, left castles and introduced new words for food. If you look around the British countryside you will find evidence of all these invaders. You must keep your eyes open if you are going to make your trip to the United Kingdom enjoyable and worthwhile. 人们可能会奇怪为什么用不同的词语来描述英格兰、威尔士、苏格兰和北爱尔兰这四个国家。如果你研究英国的历史，你就能够弄明白这个问题。
高中英语必修5课文逐句翻译（人教版）
高中英语必修5课文逐句翻译（人教版） 1.必修五Unit 1 JOHN SNOW DEFEATS “KING CHOLERA” 约翰·斯诺击败“霍乱王” John Snow was a famous doctor in London - so expert, indeed, that he attended Queen Victoria as her personal physician.约翰·斯诺是伦敦一位著名的医生——他的确医术精湛，因而成为照料维多利亚女王的私人医生。But he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera.但他一想到要帮助那些得了霍乱的普通百姓时，他就感到很振奋。This was the deadly disease of its day.霍乱在当时是最致命的疾病，Neither its cause nor its cure was understood.人们既不知道它的病源，也不了解它的治疗方法。So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak.每次霍乱暴发时，就有大批惊恐的老百姓死去。John Snow wanted to face the challenge and solve this problem.约翰·斯诺想面对这个挑战，解决这个问题。He knew that cholera would never be controlled until its cause was found.他知道，在找到病源之前，霍乱疫情是无法控制的。 He became interested in two theories that possibly explained how cholera killed people.斯诺对霍乱致人死地的两种推测都很感兴趣。The first suggested that cholera multiplied in the air. A cloud of dangerous gas floated around until it found its victims.一种看法是霍乱病毒在空气中繁殖着，像一股危险的气体到处漂浮，直到找到病毒的受害者为止。The second suggested that people absorbed this disease into their bodies with their meals.第二种看法是人们在吃饭的时候把这种病毒引入体内的。From the stomach the disease quickly attacked the body and soon the affected person died.病从胃里发作而迅速殃及全身，患者就会很快地死去。 John Snow suspected that the second theory was correct but
高中英语必修5课文逐句翻译
高中英语必修5课文逐句翻译 高中英语必修5课文逐句翻译 高中英语必修是人民教育出版社出版的图书，由人民教育出版社课程教材研究所编制。下面店铺带来的高中英语必修5课文逐句翻译。高中英语必修5课文逐句翻译篇1 THEME PARKS — FUN AND MORE THAN FUN Which theme park would you like to visit? There are various kinds of theme parks, with a different park for almost everything: food, culture, science, cartoons, movies or history. Some parks are famous for having the biggest or longest roller coasters, others for showing the famous sights and sounds of a culture. Whichever and whatever you like, there is a theme park for you! The theme park you are probably most familiar with is Disneyland. It can be found in several parts of the world. It will bring you into a magical world and make your dreams come true, whether traveling through space, visiting a pirate ship or meeting your favourite fairy tale or Disney cartoon character. As you wander around the fantasy amusement park, you may see Snow White or Mickey Mouse in a parade or on the street. Of course Disneyland also has many exciting rides, from giant swinging ships to terrifying free-fall drops. With all these attractions, no wonder tourism is increasing wherever there is a Disneyland. If you want to have fun and more than fun, come to Disneyland! Dollywood, in the beautiful Smoky Mountains in the southeastern USA, is one of the most unique theme parks in the world.
高中英语必修5unit1课文翻译
约翰斯诺击败“霍乱王” 约翰斯诺是伦敦一位著名的医生——他的确医术精湛，因而成为照料维多利亚女皇的私人医生。但当他一想到要帮助那些得了霍乱的普通人，他就感到很振奋。霍乱在当时是最致命的疾病。人们既不知道它的病源，也不了解它的治疗方法。每次霍乱爆发时，就有大批惊恐的人死去。约翰斯诺想面对这个挑战，解决这个问题。他知道，在找到病源之前，霍乱疫情是无法控制的。 斯诺对霍乱致人死地的两种推测都很感兴趣。第一种看法是霍乱病毒在空气中繁殖着，像一股危险的气体到处漂浮，直到找到病毒的受害者为止。第二种看法是人们是在吃饭的时候把这种病毒引入体内的。病从胃里发作而迅速殃及全身，患者就会很快地死去。 斯诺推测第二种说法是正确的。但是他需要证据。因此，在1854年伦敦再次爆发霍乱的时候，约翰斯诺着手准备对此进行调研。当霍乱在贫民区迅速蔓延的时候，约翰斯诺就开始收集资料。他发现特别在两条街道上霍乱流行得很严重，在10天之内就死去500多人。他决心要查明其原因。 首先，他在一张地图上标明了所有死者住过的确切地方。这提供了一条说明霍乱起因的很有价值的线索。许多死者是住在宽街的水泵附近（特别是这条街上16,37,38,40号）。他发现有些住宅（如宽街上20号和21号以及剑桥街上的8号和9号）却无人死亡。他以前没预料到这种情况，所以他决定深入调查。他发现，这些人都在剑桥街7号的酒馆里打工，而酒馆为他们免费提供啤酒，因此他们没有喝从宽街水泵抽上来的水。看来水是罪魁祸首。 接下来，约翰斯诺调查了这两条街的水源情况。他发现，水是从河里来的，而河水被伦敦排出的脏水污染了。他马上叫宽街上惊慌失措的老百姓拆掉水泵的把手。这样，水泵就用不成了。不久，疫情就开始得到缓解。他证明了，霍乱是由病菌而不是由气团传播的。 在伦敦的另一个地区，他从两个与宽街爆发的霍乱有关联的死亡病例中发现了有力的证据。有一位妇女是从宽街搬过来的，她特别喜欢那里的水，每天都要派人从水泵打水运到家里来。她和她的女儿喝了这种水，都得了霍乱而死去。有了这个特别的证据，约翰斯诺就能够肯定地宣布，这种被污染了的水携带着病毒。 为了防止这种情况的再度发生，约翰斯诺建议所有水源都要经过检测。自来水公司也接到指令，不能再让人们接触被污染的水了。最终，“霍乱王”被击败了。
高中必修五英语课文翻译
1.约翰·斯洛击败“霍乱王” 约翰·斯洛是伦敦一位著名的医生——他的确医术精湛，因而成为照料维多利亚女王的私人医生。但他一想到要帮助那些得了霍乱的普通百姓时，他就感到很振奋。霍乱在当时是最致命的疾病，人们既不知道它的病源，也不了解它的治疗方法。每次霍乱暴发时，就有大批惊恐的老百姓死去。约翰·斯洛想面对这个挑战，解决这个问题。他知道，在找到病源之前，霍乱疫情是无法控制的。 斯洛对霍乱致人死地的两种推测都很感兴趣。一种看法是霍乱病毒在空气中繁殖着，像一股危险的气体到处漂浮，直到找到病毒的受害者为止。第二种看法是人们在吃饭的时候把这种病毒引入体内的。病从胃里发作而迅速殃及全身，患者就会很快地死去。 斯洛推测第二种说法是正确的，但他需要证据。因此，在1854年伦敦再次暴发霍乱的时候，约翰·斯洛着手准备对此进行调研。当霍乱在贫民区迅速蔓延的时候，约翰·斯洛就开始收集资料。他发现特别在两条街道上霍乱流行的很严重，在10天之内就死去了500多人。他决心要查明其原因。 首先，他在一张地图上标明了所有死者住过的地方。这提供了一条说明霍乱起因的很有价值的线索。许多死者是住在宽街的水泵附近（特别是这条街上16、37、38、40号）。他发现有些住宅（如宽街上20号和21号以及剑桥街上的8号和9号）却无人死亡。他以前没预料到这种情况，所有他决定深入调查。他发现，这些人都在剑桥街7号的酒馆里打工，而酒馆为他们免费提供啤酒喝，因此他们没有喝从宽街水泵抽上来的水。看来水是罪魁祸首。 接下来，约翰·斯洛调查了这两条街的水源情况。他发现，水是从河里来的，而河水被伦敦排出的脏水污染了。他马上叫宽街上惊慌失措的老百姓拆掉水泵的把手。这样，水泵就用不成了。不久，疫情就开始得到缓解。他证明了，他证明了霍乱是由病菌而不是由气团传播的。 在伦敦的另一个地区，他从两个与宽街暴发的霍乱有关联的死亡病例中发现了有力的证据。有一位妇女是从宽街搬过来的，她特别喜欢那里的水，每天都要派人从水泵打水运到家里来。她和她的女儿喝了这种水，都得了霍乱而死去。有了这个特别的证据，约翰·斯洛就能够肯定地宣布，这种被污染了的水携带着病菌。 为了防止这种情况的再度发生，约翰·斯洛建议所有水源都要经过检测。自来水公司也接到指令，不能再让人们接触被污染的水了。最终，“霍乱王”被击败了。 2.哥白尼的革命性理论 尼古拉·哥白尼被吓得心烦意乱的。虽然他曾经试着不去理睬那些数字，然而他所有的数学计算都得出了一个相同的结论：地球不是太阳系的中心。只有当你把太阳放在中心位置上，天空中其他行星的运动才能说得清楚。他的这个理论可不能告诉任何人，因为即使他只暗示有这种想法，他都会受到强大的基督教会势力的惩罚。教会认为世界是上帝创造的，正因为如此，地球就具有特殊的意义，它必定要成为太阳系的中心。 这样，问题就来了，因为天文学家以前发现过，天上有些行星停顿下来，往后移动，然后再成环状向前移动，而其他行星看上去有时亮些，有时又不怎么亮。如果地球是太阳系的中心，而所有行星环绕着地球转的话，那么这种现象就很奇
高二英语必修五第5单元课文翻译
高二英语必修五Unit 5课文翻译 Unit 5 First aid Reading FIRST AID FOR BURNS 烧伤的急救 The skin is an essential part of your body and its largest organ. You have three layers of skin which act as a barrier against disease, poisons and the sun's harmful rays. The functions of your skin are also very complex: it keeps you warm or cool; it prevents your body from losing too much water; it is where you feel cold, heat or pain and it gives you your sense of touch. So as you can imagine, if your skin gets burned it can be very serious. First aid is a very important first step in the treatment of bums. 皮肤是身体必不可少的部分，也是身体的最大器官。皮肤有三层，它们是防病、防毒、抵御太阳有害光线侵害的一道屏障。皮肤的功能十分复杂。皮肤可以保暖或御寒，保持体内水分。正是皮肤使你感到冷热、疼痛，它还使你有触觉。因此，你可以想象到，如果你的皮肤烧伤了，就可能非常严重。在治疗烧伤的过程中，紧急处理是非常重要的第一步。 Causes of burns
高中英语必修二unit5课文及翻译
高中英语必修二unit5课文及翻译 Unit5.FIRST AID It’s a great honour to save a life. —Leigh Bardugo. 救人一命，善莫大焉。 Reading and Thinking FIRST AID FOR BURNS The skin is an essential part of your body and is its largest organ. Your skin acts as a barrier against disease, toxins, and the sun's rays It also helps control your body temperature, prevents your body from losing too much water, warns you when things are too hot or cold, and gives you your sense of touch. As you can imagine, getting burnt can lead to very serious injuries. The first and most important step in the treatment of burns is giving first aid 皮肤是人体必不可少的一部分，也是人体最大的器官。皮肤是一道屏障，能阻挡疾病、毒素和太阳光线的侵入。皮肤还有助于控制体温，防止身体流失过多的水分，在外物过热或过冷时发出警告，并使你拥有触觉。可想而知，烧伤会造成严重后果。在处理烧伤时，第一步也是最重要的一步就是采取急救措施。 CAUSES OF BURNS烧伤的原因 You can get burnt by a variety of things: hot liquids, steam, fire, radiation, the sun, electricity, acids, or other chemicals.
Unit 5课文文本和翻译 2021-2022学年外研版高中英语必修第一册
外研社版高中英语新教材必修一Unit 5课文文本和翻译 The Monarch’s Journey 黑脉金斑蝶的旅程 Many animals move from one place to another at certain times of the year. This annual movement is called migration. They migrate to find food, seek a partner, or in search of warmer weather. One of the most wonderful migrations in nature is that of the North American monarch butterfly. 许多动物都会在每年的特定时间从一个地方迁移到另一个地方。这种一年一度的行为叫做“迁徙”。它们为了觅食、寻找伴侣或温暖的环境而迁徙。自然界中最壮观的迁徙之一是北美洲黑脉金斑蝶的迁徙。 Every autumn, millions of these beautiful insects with fine black and orange wings begin a long and difficult journey. Somehow they manage to travel around 4,000 kilometres south and find their way to California or Mexico. However, until recently no one knew how they did this. 每年秋天，数百万这种翅膀橙黑相间的美丽昆虫都会开始漫长而艰辛的旅程。它们总是设法完成大约4000公里的南行之旅，成功到达加利福尼亚或墨西哥。然而，直到最近人们才明白它们是如何做到的。 A team of scientists led by Professor Eli Shlizerman at the University of Washington has now found the answer. They have found out that the monarch is able to tell the time of day. It uses its eyes to measure the position of the sun. These two pieces of information — the time of day and the point where the sun is in the sky — allow the butterfly to determine the way to go. Eventually, it manages to reach the places where it will spend the winter. 一支由伊莱·史莱泽曼教授领导的来自华盛顿大学的科学家团队现已找到了答案。他们发现，黑脉金斑蝶可以判断时间，并能用眼睛来测量太阳的位置。这两条信息——一天中的时间和太阳在天空中的位置——让黑脉金斑蝶判定前进方向，最终成功抵达过冬的地点。 The solution to the mystery of the monarch’s amazing ability comes at a time when it is in serious trouble. Its population has crashed by as much as 90 per cent in the last few years. Sadly, human activity is the main reason why the number of monarch butterflies is falling. In many of the places where the butterfly can be found, people are destroying the natural environment. They cut down trees and use chemicals that kill the plants that monarch caterpillars eat. 黑脉金斑蝶这一惊人能力的奥秘被揭晓时，这一生物正处于水深火热的生存状态中。其数量在近几年内减少了百分之九十之多。可悲的是，人类活动是黑脉金斑蝶数量下降的主要原因。在黑脉金斑蝶生存的许多地方，人们正破坏着那里的自然环境。他们砍伐树木，他们所用的化学制剂杀死了黑脉金斑蝶幼虫食用的植物。 The research on the monarch’s behaviour has however led to a greater awareness of this creature. People have been working together to record its migration and make sure that there are enough plants for it to feed on. If this works, there may come a time when the number of monarch butterflies increases once again. The more we know about this lovely creature, the greater the chance it will survive and keep its place in the natural world for a long time to come. 不过，对黑脉金斑蝶行为的研究也使得人们对这种生物有了更多的认识。人们已经在共同努力，记录它的迁徙，并确保它有足够的食物。如果这些努力产生效果，黑脉金斑蝶的数量在未来有可能会再次回升。我们对这个可爱的生物了解越多，它们在自然界中得以长久生存并保持其地位的可能性就越大。
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