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宾语补足语用法

宾语补足语用法
宾语补足语用法

摘要:英语论文中有的及物动词(Transitive Verb)后面除要求跟一个宾语(Object)之外,还要有一个宾语补足语(Object Complement),句子的意思才能完整。“宾语+宾语补足语”合起来叫做复合宾语(Complex Object)。

关键词:英语,宾语补足语

复合宾语的两个组成部分在意义上是一种逻辑上的“主谓关系”,宾语补足语(简称为宾补)说明宾语所表示的人或物的属类、性质、状态等。宾补在句中的位置是相对固定的,它通常跟在宾语后(本文中宾语用黑体表示,宾补用斜体表示)。如:(1)We call him Little Tiger.我们把他叫做“小老虎”。

(2)Do you think him a good teacher?你认为他是个好老师吗?(3)We found the house empty.我们发现这房子是空的。但由于种种原因,宾补的这种相对固定的位置有时也会发生变异。一般说来,宾补的位置变异有四种句型:

一、宾补+主语+谓语+宾语在这种句型中,宾补前移到句首(或从句的句首)。这主要有以下几种情况。1.为了强调而前移当我们要突出强调宾补时,就把它移至句首。置于句首的宾补可以是名词、形容词(短语)、分词短语、介词短语等。如:(1)Chairman of the committee they have electedEleanor.他们选举埃利诺担任这个委员会的主席。(2)Huddled up in a corner of their kitchenthey found a pup.他们发现一只小狗蜷伏在他们厨房的一角。(3)Mad extravagance,I call it.我管它叫疯狂的铺张浪费。(4)In a blur,rushing at him,he saw a whiteface,a club upraised...在朦胧中,他看见一个白人朝他冲来,手里举着一根木棒……2.为了句子的连贯而前移在并列句中,有时为了与前面的分句更好地衔接,使分句之间的意思连接得更加紧密,意思表达得更加清楚有力,就将后面分句的宾补提到句首。如:(1)Traitor he has become,and traitor we shacall him.他已经成了叛徒,我们就得叫他叛徒。(2)Bloggs my name is,so Bloggs you migas well call me.布洛格斯是我的名字,所以你不妨也叫我布洛格斯。3.为了对照而前移在并列句中,宾补的前移有助于鲜明地对照相邻的两个分句间提到的意义有差异的两件事情。如:(1)I knew you were careless,but dishonestnever thought you.我知道你粗心大意,但从不认为你不诚实。(2)Tactless she may be,but ungrateful yoshould not think her.她可能不机敏,但你不能认为她忘恩负义。4.在感叹句中宾补的前移用感叹词what或how开头的对宾补进行强调的感叹句,宾补必须紧跟在what或how之后。如:(1)What a villain he must have thought m他一定会认为我是个大坏蛋!(2)How changed I found him,even in thosfew days!才几天功夫,他变得多么厉害啊!5.在疑问句中宾补的前移用疑问词作宾补或对“疑问词+宾补”进行提问,这时疑问词或“疑问词+宾补”须前移至句首。如:(1)What do you call this kind of flower这种花你们叫什么?(2)What colour shall we paint the door我们把门漆成什么颜色?6.让步状语从句中宾补的前移中学英语在as,however等引导的让步状语从句中,有时也须把宾补提到从句的开头,其后采用正常语序。如:(1)Charming as he found her,she had struckhim as rather presumptuous.尽管他觉得她很美,他仍然认为她相当高傲。

二、主语+谓语+宾补+宾语产生这种结构的原因主要有两个:1.宾语(或连带它的修饰语)较长,而宾补较短时,为了平衡句子结构,就把宾补提到宾语之前。我们常见的一些动词词组如cut

open,cutshort,lay bare,let slip,let go,make certain,makeclear,make good,make possible,set free等都属于这种情况。如:(1)Don’t let fly away this little strange bird.不要放走这只奇怪的小鸟。(2)Many people consider impossible whatreally is possible.很多人把本来可能做到的事认为不可能做到。(3)We should make clear which of them isprimary and which is secondary.我们应当搞清楚这两者中哪个是主要的,哪个是次要的。2.宾语本身带有一个较长的定语或同位语时,就把宾补放在宾语后。如:(1)They proved wrong the news brought bythe newly-arrived visitors.他们证明新到的客人们带来的消息是不确实的。(2)She saw playing in the garden a group ofchildren aged from six to ten.她看到一群大约6岁到10岁之间的孩子在花园里玩耍。(3)We call

insulators those substances whichprevent the passage of electricity.我们把阻止电流通过的物质叫做绝缘体。(4)We find acting on the ball three forces:theresistance of the air,the resistance of the ground andthe attraction of gravity.我们发现作用到这个球上的力有三个:空气的阻力、地面的阻力和地心引力。

三、宾语+主语+谓语+宾补有时为了强调宾语,就将其提到句首,宾补就跟在谓语之后了。如:(1)This substance we call water and comesnext only to oxygen.这种物质我们称之为水,其重要性仅次于氧。(2)These views we believe to be fair and tru我们认为这些见解是中肯而真实的。

四、主语+谓语+宾语+其他成分+宾补有时在宾语和宾补之间插入了定语、同位语、状语或插入语,从而造成了宾语与宾补的分隔。1.插入定语或同位语因宾语后面带有一个无法分割的定语或同位语,因而只好把宾补放在宾语的定语或同位语之后。如:(1)He found the name he wanted writteobscurely on one of the doors.他看到他要寻找的人名模模糊糊地写在一扇门上。(2)We call atoms of the same element thhave different atomic weights isotopes.我们把具有不同原子量的同一种元素的原子叫作同位素。(3)He instructed Frau Junge,one of hsecretaries,to destroy the remaining papers in hfiles.他(希特勒)命令他的秘书荣格夫人焚毁档案中的残余文件。2.插入状语(1)I once saw a jewel fish,during such aevening transport of straying children,perform deed which absolutely astonished me.我有一次看到宝石鱼在转运迷路的小鱼的过程中做出了一个使我大吃一惊的动作。(2)She begs you,as youlove her,to do exactas I say.正因为你爱她,所以她恳求你完全照我说的做。3.插入插入语(1)Let us not,I beseech you,sir,deceivourselves any longer.先生,我恳求你们再不要继续自己欺骗自己了。(2)I never saw this boy,as far as I can remembereading the newspaper.据我能回忆的,我过去从未见过这个小孩看报纸。上述宾语补足语位置变异的种种情况在语言实践相关论文中是屡见不鲜的。我们只有对其熟悉才能进行顺利的阅读和正确的理解。

英语中的双宾语和宾语补足语的区别

详解双宾语和宾语补足语的区别:以make, give举例说明 双宾语结构:1. 动词+间接宾语+直接宾语 2. 动词+直接宾语+for+间接宾语 3. 动词+直接宾语+to+间接宾语 其中间接宾语是指人的,直接宾语是指物的 宾语补足语结构:1.动词+人(宾语)+动词原形 2.动词+宾语+形容词 3.动词+宾语+带to的不定式 4.动词+宾语+省to的不定式 5.动词+宾语+名词短语 其中红色部分作为句子的宾补成分, 特别强调的是宾 语补足语不可以和宾语换位置。 一、举例说明双宾语: 1. She made us coffee. 其中us 为句子的间接宾语coffer为句子的直接宾语。 本句子可改为同义句: She made coffer for us. 2. He gave me a book. 其中me 为句子的间接宾语a book为句子的直接宾语。 本句子可改为同义句: He gave a book to me 二、举例说明宾语补足语: We make Lijian our monitor. 其中红色为宾补成分 这个句子最容易让人弄错,以为是双宾语,其实是our monitor作为句子的宾语补足语,这个句子是不可以改写成: We make our monitor for Lijian. (×) He asked me some questions. 这个句子容易让人误认为是宾语补足语结构,实际是双宾语结构,只不过这个句子中的动词的间接宾语不能+to或+for,这类动词还有cost, refuse, promise

The book cost me five yuan. 三、动词+直接宾语+for+间接宾语,这种结构中能用for改为同义句的动词有:buy, play, make, find,keep,choose,cut,cook,wash等 Please cut Tom the cake.= Please cut the cake for Tom. My father often washes me the clothes.=My father often washes the clothes for me. My father often cooks me lunch.=My father often cooks lunch for me. 四、动词+直接宾语+to+间接宾语,这种结构中能用to改为同义句的动词有:七给give, hand, pass, lend, send, show, write,一带bring,还有pay, teach, tell, wish, return, sell, read,等 I returned him the storybook= I returned the storybook to him. He showed all his friends his pictures.= He showed his pictures to all his friends. He sent me a book.= He sent a book to me

“感使动词+宾语+宾语补足语”结构中“宾语补足语”的用法

“感使动词+宾语+宾语补足语”结构中宾语补足语的用法定义 1.所谓感官动词,是指表示人的大脑感觉器官所发出的动作的动词。如:notice / observe / see / look at / watch / hear / listen to / feel(常见的共8词). 2.使役动词是指具有使、让意义的动词。如:have/ let / make(常见的共3词)。 记忆与使用 难点一:如何系统、准确地熟记常见的感官、使役动词 口诀:“注意、观察、三看、二听、一感觉;三个使役半帮助。”注意:“半帮助”是为了易记加上去的(因help后接的to可省可不省,故叫“半帮助”)。 难点二:对感官、使役动词的主动结构后接非谓语动词作宾补的区别 先看感官动词主动结构的用法(以hear为例):hear sb. do/ doing/ done ' 即其后可接do(省to)/ doing/ done作宾补。区别是:1)do/ doing均表主动关系,done表被动关系。 2)do/ doing都可表主动,但do指整个动作,经常性动作或强调动作完成了。doing指动作正在进行或动作的某个片断。

3)done指某事由别人做(被做),也作“遭受”解。 试比较:A)I heared him sing a song. 我听他唱了一首歌(指自始至终整个过程)。 B)I heared him singing a song. 我听见他正在唱歌唱(指当时动作的某个片断)。 C)I heared a song sung.我听见(有人)唱歌(逻辑主语“歌”与“唱”是被动关系。) 再看使役动词主动结构的用法:have sb. do/ doing/ done, make/let sb. do/ done have后也接do(省to)/ doing/ done作宾补,区别是:1)do/ doing 均表主动关系,done表被动关系。 2)do/ doing虽然都表主动,但do指目前和将来或经常性、反复性的动作。Doidoing指目前正在进行的动作。 试比较:A)I won’t have you saying such things about my sister.(指目前正确进行的动作) B)I won’t have you saying such things about my sister.(指目前和将来的动作) C)I shouldn’t have him do that again.(指将来的动作,此处不用doing因do that again暗示将来) D)I am sorry to have had you waiting so long.(指目前正在进行的动作) E)I have had many friends visit me from time to time.

英语中的宾语补足语和双宾语

英语中的宾语补足语和双宾语 整理人:计算机学院张学龙马文书 一、何谓宾语补足语 在英语语言中,一些及物动词后面除了跟宾语外,还需要有一个宾语补足语来对宾语进行补充说明,使其意义更加完整清楚。宾语与宾语补足语合起来称作复合宾语。能跟复合宾语的常见动词有: want(想要),ask(请求要求),tell(告诉),see(看见),hear(听见),find(发现),call (称呼),let(让),make(使),get(使),have(使),consider(认为)等。 二、动词宾语补足语的几种情况 1.形容词或形容词短语充当宾语补足语。如: He found the bird dead. 他发现那只鸟死了。 2.现在分词或现在分词短语充当宾语补足语。如: Add some more coal to keep the fire going. 再添些煤,别让火灭了。 什么是双宾语?什么是复合宾语? 1.英语中,有些及物动词可以接两个宾语,即指人的间接宾语和指物的直接宾 语,这两个宾语称为"双宾语"。 句子结构为:"主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语"。 如: My parents bought me a computer. 我父母给我买了一台电脑。 2、英语中有些及物动词接了宾语之后还需接宾语补足语来补充说明宾语的有关情况,否则句子意思就不完整。宾语和宾语补足语合称为"复合宾语"。句子结构为:"主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语"。-ing形式、动词不定式、介词短语等。 如:He made us laugh. 他使我们哈哈大笑。 1、间接宾语可以改为由介词to或for引起的短语,放在直接宾语后面。 如:He gave her some chips. = He gave some chips to her. 2、以下几种情况通常要用介词to或for引起的短语: 1)当直接宾语是人称代词(it/them)时。 如:This book is Mr Wang's. Please give it to him. 2)当强调间接宾语时。 如:Mother cooks meals for us every day. 3)当间接宾语比直接宾语长一些时。 如:On the bus, she often gives her seat to the old person. 3、由to引出间接宾语的动词有:give, show, pass, lend, take, tell等 由for引出间接宾语的动词有:buy, make, cook, get, sing, read等。

英语宾语补足语用法详解(汇编)

Contents 英语宾语补足语用法详解 (2) 一、概念 (2) 二、何时用现在分词、何时用过去分词作主语(宾语)补足语 (2) 三、可以用分词作主语或宾语补足语的动词 (3) 典例精析: (4)

英语宾语补足语用法详解 一、概念 分词作主语补足语和宾语补足语其实是同一成分用于两种不同的句式中。具体地说,主动态句子中的宾语补足语就是被动态句子中的主语补足语。先了解宾语补足语,则很容易了解主语补足语。 宾语补足语:在英语中,某些及物动词不仅需要宾语,而且还要求某个词或词组来补充说明宾语,即表示宾语代表的人或物所发出的动作或所处的状态,这个词或短语称为宾语补足语。有些语法书把宾语和补足语称为复合宾语。 句型:及物动词+宾语(n./pron.)+宾语补足语(n./adj./adv./to do/-ing/-ed/介词短语共7种表示法) 该句型若变成被动语态,即将宾语提到句首作主语,原主动语态中的宾语补足语此时在被动语态中起到补充说明主语的作用,所以改称主语补足语。例如: A cook will be immediately fired if he is found smoking in the kitchen. 此句中smoking是主语he的补足语,所以称为主语补足语。 二、何时用现在分词、何时用过去分词作主语(宾语)补足语 分词作主语(宾语)补足语时,若主语(宾语)与分词之间是主动关系,则用现在分词表示主动; 如果主语(宾语)与分词之间是被动关系,则用过去分词表示被动。例如: He was heard singing in the next room. He was singing.主语he与补足语“唱歌”之间是主动关系,故用现在分词singing。 One of the glasses was found broken. One of the glasses was broken.主语one of the glasses与补足语“打破”之间是被动关系,故用过去分词broken。 Don‘t leave the water running while you brush your teeth.

with结构做宾补用法

With 结构(with+宾语+宾补)宾补可以是:过去分词,现在分词,不定式,副词,adj.,介词短语 可以做定语,伴随状语,原因状语,结果状语等等。 1. 1) With his key lost, he couldn’t get into his house.(钥匙丢了, 他进不了家门. ) 2) With his hair cut, Father looks much younger. (理了发,父亲看上去年轻多了.) 3) He sat there with his eyes closed. (他闭目坐在那儿。) 4) All the afternoon he worked with the door locked. (整个下午他都锁着门在房里工作。) 5) The meeting ended with all the problems settled. (问题解决了,会散了.) 2. 1) With the teacher standing beside, the girl felt a bit uneasy. (老师站在一旁,女孩子感到有点不自在.) 2) She was chatting with her friend, with her child playing beside her. (她在跟朋友闲聊,孩子在旁边玩。) 3) He felt uneasy with the whole class staring at him. (他感到很不安,因为所有的同学都盯着他。) 4) The boy lay on the grass, with his eyes looking into the sky. (小男孩躺在草地上,两眼望着天空。) 5) With night coming on, we started for home. 夜幕降临,我们动身回家。 6) I won’t be able to go on holiday with my mother being ill. (因为妈妈有病,我无法去度假。) 7) He fell asleep with the lamp burning. (他没熄灯就睡着了。) 3.1) I can’t go out with all these clothes to wash. (要洗这些衣服,我无法出去了。) 2) With so many people to help us, we are sure to finish the work in time.

在英语中什么是主语、谓语、宾语、状语、表语、定语、补语、宾补 的位置

在英语中什么是主语、谓语、宾语、状语、表语、定语、补语、宾补的位置烟雨 在英语中什么是主语、谓语、宾语、状语、表语、定语、补语、宾补的位置『黑色ひ粉末』 组成句子的各个部分叫句子成分。英语句子成分有主语,谓语,表语,宾语,宾语补足语,定语,状语等。 顺序一般是主语,谓语,宾语,宾语补足语,而表语,定语,状语的位置要根据情况而定。 1、主语 主语表示句子主要说明的人或事物,一般由名词,代词,数词,不定式等充当。Helikeswatch'ingTV.他喜欢看电视。 2、谓语 谓语说明主语的动作,状态或特征。 一般可分为两类: 1),简单谓语 由动词(或短语动词)构成。 可以有不同的时态,语态和语气。 Westud'yforthepeo'ple.我们为人民学习。 2),复合谓语:情态动词+不定式 Icanspeakalit'tleEng'lish.我可以说一点英语。 3、表语 表语是谓语的一部分,它位于系动词如be之后,说明主语身份,特征,属性或状态。一般由名词,代词,形容词,副词,不定式,介词短语等充当。 Mysis'terisanurse.我姐姐是护士。 4、宾语 宾语表示动作行为的对象,跟在及物动词之后,能作宾语的有名词,代词,数词,动词不定式等。 WelikeEng'lish.我们喜欢英语。 有些及物动词可以带两个宾语,往往一个指人,一个指物,指人的叫间接宾语,指物的叫直接宾语。 Hegavemesom'eink.他给了我一点墨水。 有些及物动词的宾语后面还需要有一个补足语,意思才完整,宾语和它的补足语构成复合宾语。如: Wemakehimourmon'itor.我们选他当班长。 5、定语 在句中修饰名词或代词的成分叫定语。 用作定语的主要是形容词,代词,数词,名词,副词,动词不定式,介词短语等。形容词,代词,数词,名词等作定语时,通常放在被修饰的词前面。Heisanewstu'dent.他是个新生。 但副词,动词不定式,介词短语等作定语时,则放在被修饰的词之后。Thebikeintheroomismine.房间里的自行车是我的。

高中英语语法宾语补足语

宾语补足语讲解 一、定义 宾语补足语通常紧跟在宾语之后,对宾语进行补充说明。 二、句子结构是 主+谓+宾+宾补 三、两种结构 1. 主表型: 1) make our country beautiful (adjective) 2) call him Lao Li (noun) 3) find sb. out (adv.) 4) find sb. at home (Prep. phrase) 2. 主谓型: 1) ask sb. to do sth.(有to 不定式) 2) have sb. do sth. (无to 不定式) 3) see sb. doing sth. (现在分词) 4) have sth. done. (过去分词) 四、什么动词后可有宾语补足语 1. 在表示心理状态的动词后作宾语补足语。这类动词有:consider, think, believe, discover, find, imagine, judge, suppose, prove等。这类动词后的不定式通常是"to be+形容词或名词" 结构,think, consider, find后的to be常可省略。 如:We consider him (to be) a good teacher.我们认为他是一个好老师。 He proved that theory (to be) very important.他证明那个理论是很重要的。 I thought her (to be) nice and honest the first time I met her. 我第一次见到她的时候就认为她人很好,很诚实。 2. 在表示情感状态的动词后作宾语补足语。这类动词有:love, like, prefer, hate, want, wish, expect等。 如:I'd prefer you to leave him alone.我希望你不要打扰他。 I don't want there to be any trouble.我不想有任何麻烦。 3. 注意:hope, demand, suggest等动词后面不能接不定式作宾语补足语。 如:I hope you can give me a hand. 我希望你能帮我一把。 I wish you to give me a hand. 我希望你能帮我一把。 He required us to be present at the meeting.他要求我们出席会议。 Mr Li suggested that she should not go there alone.李先生建议她不要独自去那里。五、可作宾语补足语的形式有 不定式,现在分词,过去分词,名词,形容,副词,介词短语都能作补语。 六、具体说明 (一)副词作宾语补足语 如:I found him in yesterday. (二)常接形容词作宾语补足语的动词有:keep, make, find等。 如:We must keep our classroom clean. (三)常接名词作宾语补足语的动词有:call, name, make, think等。 如:We call them mooncakes. (四)常接动词-ing形式作宾语补足语的动词有:see, watch, hear, find, keep等。

宾语补足语用法

宾语补足语用法 宾语补足语是英语教学中的难点,也是高考的热点,更是书面表达中必须具备的一种句型结构。下面就宾语补足语用法进行以下归纳。 Ⅰ.使役动词后宾语补足语的用法 中学教学中最常见的使役动词有:make,have,leave。他们都表示“使得”,后面都可接宾语+宾语补足语的结构,但用法上有所不同。 一?make用作使役动词表示“使;使成为”时,可跟复合结构,即“make+宾语+宾语补足语”,其中的宾语补足语可以是形容词或名词?不带to的不定式?过去分词。 1. 我们推选他为我们足球队队长。 We made him captain of our football team. 2. 我们队赢了的消息使我们大家非常高兴。 The news that our team had won made us very happy. 3. 大雨使得我们无法出去。 The heavy rain made it impossible for us to go out. 4. 奇怪的声音使我们感到恐惧。 The strange noise made us frightened. 5. 在交通嘈杂声中他无法使自己的声音提高到让别人听到。 He couldn’t make himself heard above the noise of the traffic. 6. 什么东西使得草生长? What makes the grass grow? 注意:过去分词作make的宾语补足语时,变为被动语态不用加to;但当不定式作其宾补时,变为被动语态一定要加to。 这个男孩被迫每天干十二个小时的活。 The boy was made to work twelve hours a day. 选择题: 1. Paul doesn’t have to be made ____. He always works hard. A. learn B. to learn C. learned D. learning 2. The result of the entrance exams was not made ____ to the public until last Thursday. A. knowing B. known C. to know D. to be known 答案:1.B2.B 二?have 表示“使得……”,其后接宾语补足语,常用以下句型: have sb. do sth.使得某人做某事 have sb. doing sth.使得某人一直做某事 have sth. done使得某事被做 填空: 1. The teacher had her ____(recite) the text again. 2. He wants to have his eyes ____(examine) tomorrow. 3. Be careful,or you’ll have your hands ____(hurt). 4. He had the girl ____(stand) in the classroom the whole morning. 5. He had the walls ____(paint) this morning. 答案:1.recite 2.examined 3.hurt 4.standing 5.painted 只能用doing的情况

高中英语宾语补足语总汇

宾语补足语总汇 (一)副词作宾语补足语 I found him in yesterday. (二)常接形容词作宾语补足语的动词有:keep, make, find等。 如:We must keep our classroom clean. (三)常接名词作宾语补足语的动词有:call, name, make, think等。 如:We call them mooncakes. (四)常接动词-ing形式作宾语补足语的动词有:see, watch, hear, find, keep等。如:In the country, we can hear birds singing. (五)常接介词短语作宾语补足语的动词有:keep, find, leave等。如:I left my pen on my desk at home. (六)不定式作宾语补足语 1. 常接带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词有:ask, tell, want, teach, wish等; 2. 接不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词有:see, watch, hear, make, let advise, allow, ask, beg, command, tell, invite, force, oblige, get, help, encourage, persuade, permit, remind, request, order, warn, cause等。如: I often see him play football. She often asks me to help her. We don't allow such things to happen again. Most of the parents agree to forbid their children to smoke. She asked me to answer the phone in her absence. Please remind me to leave her this note. She requested him to go with her. 3. 用不定式作宾语补足语的几种说明: ①help后面作宾语补足语的动词不定式可以带to也可以不带to。 如:I often help my mother(to) do some housework. ②在使役动词后作宾语补足语,不定式不带to。有些动词跟不定式作宾语补足语时省去了to,这些动词有:一感二听三让四观看。

(完整版)非谓语动词作宾补的用法

Unit 6 English Food: Grammar Object complements Time: April 3rd Teacher: Zhu Zhouyue Class: Class4, Senior 2 Teaching aim: Master the different usage of the infinitive, the present participle and the past participle as the objective complements. Teaching methods: Inductive Method, Practice Teaching procedures: Step1 Revision and Lead in Revise the general difference between the infinitive, the present participle and the past participle that we have learnt. Look at the following sentences, and find out the object complements in them and try to make comparison. a.Don’t make me do this or that. I’m too busy. b.The teacher told us not to read in the sun. c.I saw her dancing happily in the classroom. d.The manager wanted the letter typed at onc e. Today we are going to learn more details about the usage of the infinitive, the present participle and the past participle as the objective complements. Step2 Grammar 非谓语动词作宾语补足语的用法及区别 一、不定式作宾补 1.常见的接带to的不定式作宾语补足语的动词:tell, ask, want, teach, allow, expect, get, 等。其否定形式在不定式前加not。作宾补的动词所表示的动作发生在这些动词之后。如: a. My mother often tells me to study hard at school. b. Mr. Feng asked us not to play too many computer games at home. c. I want you to teach me how to learn English well. 2.常见的接不带to的不定式作宾语补足语的动词主要是一些表示感觉的动词一感:feel 二听:hear, listen to 三让:let, make, have 四看:see, watch, notice, observe 半帮助: help help sb. to do / do sth. 此时不定式(短语)表示的动作发生在感觉动词之前,事情的全部过程已经结束。 例如:a. Did you hear me sing a song last night?

英语句子成分讲+宾语从句讲解

句子成分及基本句型 一、考点、热点回顾 【句子的成分】 在英文中句子成分包括:主语、谓语、宾语(直接宾语、间接宾语)、表语、定语和状语、宾语补足语等。 (一)主语:主语是谓语讲述的对象,表示所说的“是什么”或“是谁”。一般由名词、代词、不定式或相当于名词的词或短语来充当。它在句首。如: (1)Lucy is a beautiful nurse. (名词作主语) (2)He reads newspapers every day. (代词作主语) (3)Smoking is harmful to the health. (动名词作主语) (4)To swim in Kunming Lake is a great pleasure.(不定式作主语) (5)What we should do is not yet decided. (主语从句作主语) (二)谓语 说明主语“做什么”“是什么”或“怎么样”。谓语(谓语部分里主要的词)必须是动词。谓语和主语在人称和数两方面必须一致。它在主语后面。 如:His parents are teachers. (系动词和表语一起作谓语) We study hard. (行为动词作谓语) We don’t finish reading the book. (助动词和行为动词一起作谓语) He can speak English. (情态动词和行为动词一起作谓语) (三)宾语 宾语是动作、行为的对象,由名词、代词、不定式或相当于名词的词、短语来担任,它和及物动词一起说明主语做什么。一般放在谓语之后。 She is doing her homework now.(名词作宾语) She says(that)she is ill.(宾语从句作动词宾语) We often help him.(代词作宾语) He likes to play basketball.(不定式作宾语) We enjoy listening to the music. 我们喜欢听音乐。(动名词短语作宾语) 说明1:宾语是及物动词涉及到的人或物,宾语一般放在及物动词之后。介词后面的名词或代词或动名词,称为介词宾语。名词、代词、数词常在句中做动词宾语或介词宾语。另外,动词不定式可作动词宾语;动名词和宾语从句也可用作动词宾语。 说明2:及物动词作谓语时,后面要跟宾语。宾语分直接宾语和间接宾语。直接宾语是及物动词的直接对象,直接宾语指物,间接宾语通常是及物动词的动作所及的人,间接宾语指人。间接宾语一般放在直接宾语之前。 不是所有的及物动词都可以用双宾语。有的动词可以跟。如:give, show(给……看),bring, pass, buy等。如:(1)Our teacher tells us a story. (2)The sun gives us light. 间接宾语如果放在直接宾语之后,在表示“人”的间接宾语之前会出现介词“to”或“for”。间接宾语前加“to”的有: give, show, send, bring, read, pass, lend, leave, hand, tell, return, write, throw, promise(答应), refuse(拒绝)等。 间接宾语加“for”的有: make, buy, do, get, play, order(命令), sing, pay等 (1)I give him a book. 改成:

宾语补足语讲解

宾语补足语讲解 WTD standardization office【WTD 5AB- WTDK 08- WTD 2C】

宾语补足语(O b j e c t c o m p l e m e n t)用法归纳概念:英语中含有某些意义的动词跟了宾语后句子仍不完整,还须要一个补足成分,这种补足成分叫做宾语补足语。宾语补足语是句子的主要成分,这样的句型为:主语+谓语动词+宾语+宾语补足语。 由名词、形容词、副词、介词短语充当宾语补足语,用以说明宾语的类属、性质、状态等意义;由非谓语动词即不定式、现在分词、过去分词充当宾语补足语,用以说明宾语的动作。

宾语补足语使用注意事项: ①当感官动词和使役动词,如:see hear notice watch hear observe, listen to, feel(感官动词)make have let get(使役动词)接宾补时,不定式的符号to必须省略。但在被动语态中,动词后要加to。 主动语态:The policeman made him tell everything. 被动语态:He was made to tell everything by the policeman. ②感官动词see, hear, watch, notice, observe后面的宾语补足语既可跟不带to的动词不定式,也可跟现在分词,其区别在于前者表示“经常性的,习惯性的动作”,后者表示“正在发生的瞬间动作”。 I often hear her sing English songs in the room. Suddenly, Zhang Hua heard someone shouting “Fire! Fire!” ③在help后,不定式可以带to,也可不带。 Lucy often helps her brother (to) learn English. ④有些动词只能用现在分词作宾语补足语,如:keep, mind, prevent, stop。动词find, catch等的宾语可由现在分词作宾语补足语。

英语中宾补的意义与特点介绍

英语中宾补的意义与特点介绍 下面就来带你一起学习下,希望对大家有帮助。 1.宾补的意义宾补(宾语补足语)是说明宾语的成分,通常说明宾语的动作、状态、行为、特征、性质等内容,就像谓语说明主语一样。 2.宾补的特点1)宾补一般位于宾语的后面。 2)宾补和宾语的关系,就像是谓语和主语的关系。 3)宾补在多数情况下是谓语导致的结果,少数情况除外。 例如:I want you to see our parents.我要你来看我们的父母。 (是宾语you来,而不是主语I来,等于you see our parents)He painted the wall white.他把墙漆成了白色。 (等于the dooris yellow.并且yellow是谓语painted导致的结果)The whole team elected John the captain.整个队选举约翰当队长。 (等于John isthe captain.并且the captain是elected的结果。 )I saw them singing in the classroom.我看到他们在教室里唱歌。 (等于they are singing in the classroom.但是这里的singing in the classroom并不是saw导致的结果。 )3.英语外刊句子分析Saudi Arabia, theUnited Arab Emirates, Egypt and Bahrain have cut diplomatic ties with Qatar,accusing it of supporting terror, in the Gulf Arab region’s most serious diplomatic crisis in years.参考译文:沙特、阿联酋、埃及、巴林宣布与卡塔尔断交,指责卡塔尔支持恐怖主义,这是海湾阿拉伯地区多年来最严重的外交危机。

高中英语宾语补足语用法总结

宾语补足语 一、定义 某些及物动词的宾语后面还需要有一个补足语,意思才完整。宾语补足语说明宾语的情况、性质、特征、状态、身份或属类等。宾语和它的补足语构成复合宾语。 二、可作宾语补足语的形式 不定式,现在分词,过去分词,名词,形容,副词,介词短语都能作宾语补足语。 eg:We made him our monitor. You should keep your room clean and tidy. We could hear the children playing outside. I left my pen on my desk at home. I saw the kite up and down. She often asks me to help her. 三、常接宾语补足语的动词 1. 常接形容词作宾语补足语的动词有:keep, make, find等。 eg:We must keep our classroom clean. I found the book very interesting. 2. 常接名词作宾语补足语的动词有:含命名意义的动词call, name, make, think等。 eg:We call them mooncakes. She found him a very clever boy. My mother looks so young that they would think her my sister 3. 常接介词短语作宾语补足语的动词有:keep, find, leave等。 eg:I left my pen on my desk at home. I found everything in good condition. 4. 动词不定式作宾语补足语表示动作的全过程或即将发生的主动动作 (1)常接带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词有:ask, tell, want, teach, wish, expect, remind, warn, encourage, allow, order 等 eg : sMy teacher told me to focus on my study. I expect my students to have made preparations for the mid-term examinations. (2)接不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词有:一感二听三让四观看 一感:feel 二听:hear, listen to 三让:let, have, make 四观看:observe, see, watch, look at 【注意】在被动语态中不带to的不定式前要补加上to) eg : Professor Zhang’s speech made us all laugh. I heard Justin put on his favorite CD. 5. V-ing形式作宾语补足语,表示宾语是动作的发出者,形成逻辑上的主谓关系,表示的是一个正在进行的主动动作。

宾语补足语用法

摘要:英语论文中有的及物动词(Transitive Verb)后面除要求跟一个宾语(Object)之外,还要有一个宾语补足语(Object Complement),句子的意思才能完整。“宾语+宾语补足语”合起来叫做复合宾语(Complex Object)。 关键词:英语,宾语补足语 复合宾语的两个组成部分在意义上是一种逻辑上的“主谓关系”,宾语补足语(简称为宾补)说明宾语所表示的人或物的属类、性质、状态等。宾补在句中的位置是相对固定的,它通常跟在宾语后(本文中宾语用黑体表示,宾补用斜体表示)。如:(1)We call him Little Tiger.我们把他叫做“小老虎”。 (2)Do you think him a good teacher?你认为他是个好老师吗?(3)We found the house empty.我们发现这房子是空的。但由于种种原因,宾补的这种相对固定的位置有时也会发生变异。一般说来,宾补的位置变异有四种句型: 一、宾补+主语+谓语+宾语在这种句型中,宾补前移到句首(或从句的句首)。这主要有以下几种情况。1.为了强调而前移当我们要突出强调宾补时,就把它移至句首。置于句首的宾补可以是名词、形容词(短语)、分词短语、介词短语等。如:(1)Chairman of the committee they have electedEleanor.他们选举埃利诺担任这个委员会的主席。(2)Huddled up in a corner of their kitchenthey found a pup.他们发现一只小狗蜷伏在他们厨房的一角。(3)Mad extravagance,I call it.我管它叫疯狂的铺张浪费。(4)In a blur,rushing at him,he saw a whiteface,a club upraised...在朦胧中,他看见一个白人朝他冲来,手里举着一根木棒……2.为了句子的连贯而前移在并列句中,有时为了与前面的分句更好地衔接,使分句之间的意思连接得更加紧密,意思表达得更加清楚有力,就将后面分句的宾补提到句首。如:(1)Traitor he has become,and traitor we shacall him.他已经成了叛徒,我们就得叫他叛徒。(2)Bloggs my name is,so Bloggs you migas well call me.布洛格斯是我的名字,所以你不妨也叫我布洛格斯。3.为了对照而前移在并列句中,宾补的前移有助于鲜明地对照相邻的两个分句间提到的意义有差异的两件事情。如:(1)I knew you were careless,but dishonestnever thought you.我知道你粗心大意,但从不认为你不诚实。(2)Tactless she may be,but ungrateful yoshould not think her.她可能不机敏,但你不能认为她忘恩负义。4.在感叹句中宾补的前移用感叹词what或how开头的对宾补进行强调的感叹句,宾补必须紧跟在what或how之后。如:(1)What a villain he must have thought m他一定会认为我是个大坏蛋!(2)How changed I found him,even in thosfew days!才几天功夫,他变得多么厉害啊!5.在疑问句中宾补的前移用疑问词作宾补或对“疑问词+宾补”进行提问,这时疑问词或“疑问词+宾补”须前移至句首。如:(1)What do you call this kind of flower这种花你们叫什么?(2)What colour shall we paint the door我们把门漆成什么颜色?6.让步状语从句中宾补的前移中学英语在as,however等引导的让步状语从句中,有时也须把宾补提到从句的开头,其后采用正常语序。如:(1)Charming as he found her,she had struckhim as rather presumptuous.尽管他觉得她很美,他仍然认为她相当高傲。 二、主语+谓语+宾补+宾语产生这种结构的原因主要有两个:1.宾语(或连带它的修饰语)较长,而宾补较短时,为了平衡句子结构,就把宾补提到宾语之前。我们常见的一些动词词组如cut open,cutshort,lay bare,let slip,let go,make certain,makeclear,make good,make possible,set free等都属于这种情况。如:(1)Don’t let fly away this little strange bird.不要放走这只奇怪的小鸟。(2)Many people consider impossible whatreally is possible.很多人把本来可能做到的事认为不可能做到。(3)We should make clear which of them isprimary and which is secondary.我们应当搞清楚这两者中哪个是主要的,哪个是次要的。2.宾语本身带有一个较长的定语或同位语时,就把宾补放在宾语后。如:(1)They proved wrong the news brought bythe newly-arrived visitors.他们证明新到的客人们带来的消息是不确实的。(2)She saw playing in the garden a group ofchildren aged from six to ten.她看到一群大约6岁到10岁之间的孩子在花园里玩耍。(3)We call

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