商务英语口译上课资料doc

四、增减译法

1．英译汉---某些涉及文化背景的地名：

the two Houses of American government 美国政府参、众两院

The Golden State 金山州——美国加州

Paradise of the Pacific 太平洋上的天堂——美国夏威夷州

The Sunshine State 阳光州——美国佛罗里达州

The Big Apple 大苹果——美国纽约市

The Motor City 汽车城——美国底特律市

The Film Capital of the World 世界影都——美国好莱坞

Broadway in Manhattan 曼哈顿的百老汇——美国纽约曼哈顿区的一条大

街，以有名的剧院著称

Wall Street in New York 华尔街——美国纽约市的一街道名，以金融业聚

集而著称。

the two Houses of British government 英国政府上、下两院

Speakers’ Corner 英国伦敦海德公园的讲演者之角，人们在这里可以发表任何内容的演说。

Downing Street 唐宁街——英国伦敦首相官邸和政府主要部门所在地，即

英国政府

Fleet Street 舰队街——英国伦敦一街道名，以报业集中而著称，指伦敦新闻界，伦敦报业

Lombard Street 伦巴第街——伦敦金融中心，现指英国金融界、金融市场

2．汉译英---某些改革开放出现的中国特色术语：

在我们的对外宣传和旅游的汉英口译中，译员要充分考虑中外文化差异和多数外国人对中国社会和文化并不熟悉这一事实，汉译英时要根据听众的具体情况，对一些外国人不熟悉和难以理解的汉语常用术语，尤其是一些政治术语和有特定文化内涵的词语，进行必要的解释或说明。比如，我们非常熟悉的“人大”、“政协”、“四个现代化”、“希望工程”等，如果只按字面直译，恐怕多数外国人不理解。但如果采用增译法，加上必要的解释或背景说明，外国人就好懂多了。

人大：全国人民代表大会

the National People’s Congress, China’s highest legislative body

政协：中国人民政治协商会议（中国人民爱国统一战线的组织，是中国共产党领导的多党合作和政治协商的重要机构）

the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, China's top

advisory and supervisory body

四个现代化：

四个现代化即工业现代化、农业现代化、国防现代化、科学技术现代化。

The four modernizations; that is the modernization of industry, agriculture, national defense, and science and technology

希望工程Project Hope, a project aiming at assisting school dropouts in poverty-stricken areas by raising funds from all social organizations and individuals at home and abroad.

“五讲、四美、三热爱”“five stresses，four points of beauty and three aspects of love；that is stress on decorum，manners，hygiene，discipline，and morals；beauty of the mind，language，behavior and the environment；love of the motherland，socialism and the Communist Party.”

(五讲四美三热爱即讲文明、讲礼貌、讲卫生、讲秩序、讲道德；心灵美、语言美、行为美、环境美；热爱祖国、热爱社会主义、热爱共产党。)

“两个文明”一起抓to place equal emphasis on both material advancement and ethical progress

“三个代表”Three represents----The Communist Party of China always represents the requirement of the development trend of China’s advanced productive forces, the orientation of China’s advanced culture, and the fundamental interests of the overwhelming majority of the Chinese people.

中国共产党必须始终代表中国先进生产力的发展要求，代表中国先进文化的前进方向，代表中国最广大人民的根本利益。

培养“四有公民”to train people to be citizens with high ideas, moral integrity, a good education and strong sense of discipline

有理想、有道德、有文化、有纪律的“四有”公民

安居工程housing project for low-income urban residents

“五个一工程” the Five-one Program/ Project ( one good book, one good play, one good film, one good TV drama, and one or several creative and persuasive/convincing articles)

由中共中央宣传部组织的精神文明建设“五个一工程”评选活动，自1992年起每年进行一次，评选上一年度各省、自治区、直辖市和中央部分部委，以及解放军总政治部等单位组织生产、推荐申报的精神产品中五个方面的精品佳作。这五个方面是：一部好的戏剧作品，一部好的电视剧（或电影）作品，一部好的图书（限社会科学方面），一部好的理论文章（限社会科学方面），一首好歌。

3．汉译英---某些涉及中国历史的术语：

在对外介绍中国历史文化的口译中，常常会遇到一些我们中国人非常熟悉的有关重大历史事件，历史人物、典故、民风、民俗方面的汉译英。对不熟悉中国历史文化的外国人来说，适当的解释或补充说明非常重要。这样可以帮助外国人了解中国历史，文化和社会，提高对外宣传效果。以下词语的英语都稍加了补充说明，外国人听了容易理解。

改革开放以来since the implementation of reform and open policy in 1979 建国以来since the founding of the P eople’s Republic of China in 1949

秦始皇Qin Shi Huang, the first Emperor of China who unified China in 220 BC

白居易Bai Juyi, a famous Chinese poet of Tang Dynasty in the 8th century

春节Spring Festival, the traditional Chinese New Year, which falls on the first day of the first month according to the Chinese lunar calendar.

中秋节the Mid-autumn Festival, a traditional festival of family reunion, which falls on fifteenth day of the eighth lunar month.

龙舟节the Dragon Boat Festival which falls on the fifth day of the fifth lunar month. It is a festival to commemorate Qu Yuan, the great poet and patriotic figure of the State of Chu during the Warring State period.

口译中，有时需要通过删减词语, 达到最好的修辞效果。例如：

China has a great tradition. It has huge resources. It has enormous strength of will and spirit.

中国有伟大的传统，丰富的资源，巨大的意志力和精神力量。

此句的汉译删去了两个重复的“ It has…”, 汉语既简练又流畅。

口译练习

用增减译法口译下列句子:

(1) “Uncle Sam will likely lop off 40% in taxes, which won’t leave much.” Zhu Diwen said when asked how he planned to disposed the prize money.

(1) 当问起他如何处理这笔诺贝尔奖时，朱棣文说：“大概先给山姆大叔——美国政府扣去约40%的税，所剩也就不多了。”

(2) Half of the U.S. work force is now under 35. Whether their collars are blue, white or pink, most of these are non-supervisory workers.

(2) 现在美国劳动人口有一半在35岁以下。不管他们从事的是蓝领工作, 白领工作还是粉领工作——指秘书, 打字员, 护士, 店员等女性工作, 这些人大多数都是非管理人员。

(3)Some western economists say: “ When the United States coughs, the rest of the world catches cold.”

(3) 有些西方经济学家说：“只要美国一咳嗽，全世界其他国家就感冒。”——即美国经济的小小变化都会影响到全世界各国的经济。

(4) Applicants who had worked at a job for five or more years would be given certain preference over those who had not.

(4) 工作五年或五年以上的申请者将给予一定优惠.

(5) There is no month in the whole year, in which nature wears a more beautiful appearance than in the month of August.

(5) 一年之中，大自然的美莫过于八月。

汉译英

(1)我们鼓励台湾首先与大陆搞“三通”。

（两岸“三通”是指“通邮、通航、通商”。）

(1) We encourage Taiwan first to have “three exchanges” with the mainland; that is the exchange of mails, trade and air and shipping services.

(2) 几年来，中国政府一直在致力解决大城市中的“三无”盲流人口。

(2) For years, the Chinese government has been working hard to tackle the migrant problem of the “three withouts” in large cities: drifters without residence cards, without legal living quarters and without a normal source of income.

(3) 让我们把中日友好事业推进21世纪及今后的世世代代。

(3) Let us carry the cause of China-Japan friendship into the 21st century and

beyond.

(4) 为了推动中美关系的发展，中国需要进一步了解美国，美国也需要进一

步了解中国。

(4) To promote the development of China-U.S. relations, China needs to know the United States better and vice versa.

(5) 每个国家，每个民族都有自己的历史文化传统，都有自己的长处和优势。

(5) Every country or nation has its own historical and cultural traditions, strong points and advantages.

口译笔记

1. 英语字母符号，包括首位字母缩略语和缩写词，如：

UNESCO 联合国教科文组织

UNICEF 联合国儿童基金会

IMF 国际货币基金

WTO 世界贸易组织

EU 欧盟（欧洲同盟）

APEC 亚太经合组织（亚洲太平洋经济合作组织）

OPEC 石油输出国组织

NATO 北约（北大西洋公约组织）

CPC 中国共产党

NPC 全国人民代表大会

CPPCC 中国人民政治协商会议

CAAC 中国民航

CCTV 中央电视台

PLA 中国人民解放军

HKSAR 香港特别行政区

GDP 国民生产总值

Ch. govt. 中国政府

re. op. 改革开放

4 Ms 四个现代化

tot. imp 进口总额

tot. exp 出口总额

NASA 美国宇航局

FBI 美国联邦调查局

GM 美国通用汽车公司

ITT 美国电话电报公司

US/Am. 美国

UK/Br. 英国

Can. 加拿大

AUS. 澳大利亚

N.Z. 新西兰

NY 纽约

Las. 洛杉矶

US$ 美元

Br￡英镑

Can$ 加元

Euro 欧元

$A 澳元

NZ$ 新西兰元

HK$ 香港元

RMB 人民币

2. 用各种数学符号，如：

∴所以

∵因为

= 等于或就是，意味着

≠不等于，不是

≈大约，大概，左右

> 大于，多于，比…大

< 小于，少于，比…小

3. 用译员自己创造的各种形象符号，如：

×不同意，不赞成，错误，不正确

√同意，赞成，正确

→从某地到某地，从某时到某时，导致，引起

←过去，回忆，返回，后退，倒退

↓下降，降低，减少，向下

↑上升，提高，增加，向上

□←来访，进入，进口，引进外资，来华投资

□→出访，外出，出口，海外投资

☆杰出，优秀，最佳，突出，标兵，榜样

∽交换，交流，交替，互换

口译笔记实践练习：

上海是世界上最大的海港城市之一，也是中国主要的工业和商业中心。随着经济改革的日益深化，这座昔日被誉为金融、经济和贸易中心的城市正在为促进长江流域的经济发展起着龙头作用。与此同时，上海以她独特的风韵吸引着数以百万计的海外游客。

作为一座国际大都市，上海的国际航班可直达曼谷、新加坡、香港、汉城、东京、大阪、名古屋、长崎、广岛、布鲁塞尔、法兰克福、纽约、洛杉矶、旧金山、芝加哥、多伦多、温哥华、悉尼等20多个城市。

21世纪的上海成为世界经济、金融和贸易中心己属必然。世界注视着中国，尤其注视着上海。上海这座地球上最具希望的城市之一，竭诚欢迎各国朋友的光临。

Shanghai is one of the world’s largest seaports and China’s major industrial and commercial center. With its deepening economic reform, this city, formerly crowned as the financial, economic and trade center of the Far East, is playing a leading role in boosting economic development in the Yangtze River valley. Meanwhile, Shanghai has attracted millions of Chinese and overseas tourists with its unique charm.

As an international metropolis, Shanghai provides direct flight to over 20 cities in the world, such as Bangkok, Singapore, Hong Kong, Seoul, Tokyo, Osaka, Nagoya, Nagasaki, Hiroshima, Brussels, Frankfurt, New York, Los Angeles, San Francisco, Chicago, Toronto, Vancouver and Sydney.

Shanghai of the 21st century will inevitably become an international economic, financial and trade center. The world focuses its attention on China and, in particular, on Shanghai. One of the most promising cities

on the planet of the Earth, Shanghai cordially/sincerely welcomes friends from all over the world.

商务英语口译期末复习资料(参考译文)

P23页 1.我在上午说过，今天我们各国面临一个机会，可以分别和共同作出具体承诺和采取明确措施，确保核材料的安全，防止核材料落入那些无疑会利用它们的恐怖主义分子手中。 2.今晚，我可以这么说，我们成功地把握了这一机遇，作为具体的国家和国际社会，我们已经采取了措施，美国人民将因此更安全，世界将更稳定。 3.我谨在此感谢出席这一具有历史意义的峰会的全体代表，来自世界各地区的49位领导人。今天之所以能取得进展，是因为这些领导人不仅与会发言，而且采取行动；不是含糊地承诺在未来采取行动，而是承诺他们准备立即实施的有意义的步骤。 4.我还要感谢各位同仁在讨论中所表现的坦率与合作精神。今天并无冗长的讲话，亦无要求别国如何是从的训诫。我们互相倾听、互相尊重。我们认识到，虽然不同国家面临不同的挑战，但我们有着共同的利益，即确保这些危险核材料的安全。 P52页 1.在二十一世纪，你们必须承担不分国界的国际金融系统的重任。当香港和雅加达的股票市场下跌时，其影响再也不是局部性，而是全球性的。因此，贵国充满生机的经济成长同整个亚太地区恢复稳定和经济发展紧密相连。 2.在最近一次的金融危机中，中国坚定不移地承担了对本地区和全世界的责任，帮助避免了又一个危险的货币贬值周期。我们必须继续携手合作，对付全球金融系统面临的威胁以及对整个亚太地区本应有的发展和繁荣的威胁。 3.在我以上列举的每一个关键领域，显然，只要我们相互合作而不是互不往来，我们就能取得更大的成就。因此，我们应该努力，确保双方之间目前的建设性关系在下个世纪结出圆满的协作果实。 4.要做到这一点，我们就必须更好地相互了解，了解各自的共同利益、共有的期望和真诚的分歧。我相信这种公开直接的交流有助于澄清和缩小我们的分歧。更为重要的是，允许人们理解、辩论和探讨这些问题，能使他们对我们建设美好的未来更加充满信心。 P69页 1. Presenting gifts is one of the important contents of modern business activities, in order to establish friendly relations, progress friendship, and also can be applied to advertising and promoting. It’s important to select a gift, because it transmits the information of culture, economy, status, knowledge and other aspects. It’s probably both may improve the image of the company and may damage it. 2. Presenting gifts in business activities can generally divide into several conditions as following: (1) Presenting gifts for employees and rewarding their hard work. (2) Presenting gifts for enhancing the business connection with customers. (3) Presenting gifts for each other to build relationships with business counterparts. 3. Therefore, more and more companies realize that presenting gifts in business activities is not only advertising, but also a important tool

口译笔记常用符号

口译笔记法常用符号

inquiry, interrogate, ask, mystery,…？问题；question, problem, … ！危险，警告，当心，值得注意的是；dangerous, warning, alarm, watch out, of course °人，人民，伙伴，朋友；people, partner, … ?信息，消息，情报；information, message, intelligence, … 删除，废除，放弃；delete, discard, give up, …?贸易，交换，交流，关于，关联，替代；trade, exchange, communication, relationship __ 这个，强调；emphasize a certain word/ phrase. …继续，持续，不断的，长期的，各种各样的，多的；more, continuous, … => 加强，推动，促进；enhance, promote, … × # 不仅；not only, … & 和，而且；and… ＠关于；about e.g . 例如，比如；for example, such as, … （三）图形符号 ?高兴，激动；happy, pleased, excited, … ?失望，不满意，生气；unhappy, unsatisfied, angry, … 会议，聚会；conference, symposium, convention, session, forum, seminar, council, congress, meeting, assembly, gathering, committee,

商务英语口译王艳答案

商务英语口译王艳答案 商务英语口译王艳答案 【篇一：商务英语阅读第二版(王艳主编)chapter1-4 课 后答案详解】 汉 chapter1 sluggish economy萧条的经济full employment 充分就业trade deficit 贸易赤字in-depth analysis深入的分析industrialized countries 工业化国家free-trade agreement 自由贸易协定 international specialization 国际专业化 product differentiation 产品差别 trade surplus 贸易盈余determinative factor决定性因素 chapter2 consumer-goods消费品 discount retailers折扣零售商brand equity品牌资产价值advertising budget 广告预算real-time sales data 实时销售数据sales promotion 促销 profit margin盈利scanner data 扫描数据 chapter3 privileged minority 享有特权的少数人gas station 加油站

marketing research 市场调查professional petence 专业技能 a sales point 卖点product design 产品设计 potential consumer 潜在顾客business disaster 商业灾难 chapter4 mobility of people 人口流动supplier works 供应商网络standardized items 标准零配件specialist manufacturing technology 特殊制造技术 plementary economies 互补经济体anti-japanese sentiment 反日情绪 foreign affiliates外方合伙人，外国附属公司go public 上市二、汉翻英 chapter1 经济双赢economic win-win关税壁垒tariff barrier 收入不平等 wage inequality劳动生产率labor productivity 解雇工人lay off works 生产要素factor of production 双边协议bilateral deal 回归分析regression analysis 市场准入market access 世界经济复苏world economic recovery chapter2 价格溢价price premium 基线销售base-line sales 减价price reductions广告支出advertising spending 营销组合marketing mix 销量溢价quantity premium

商务英语口译教学与学生能力培养

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