中级口译翻译部分真题汇编

2009年春中口翻译部分

【E—C】

In a normal recession, the to-do list is clear. Copies of Keynes are dusted off, the banks lower interest rates, the president and Congress cut taxes and hike spending. In time, purchasing, production and loans perk up, and Keynes is placed back on the shelf. No larger alterations to the economy are made, because our economy, but for the occasional bump in the road, is fundamentally sound. This has been the drill in every recession since World War II.

Republicans and Democrats argue over whose taxes should be cut the most and which projects should be funded, but under public pressure to do something, they usually find some mutually acceptable midpoint and enact a stimulus package. This time, though, don’t expect that to be the end of the s tory-----because the coming recession will not be normal, and our economy is not fundamentally sound. This time around, the nation will have to craft new versions of some of the reforms that Franklin Roosevelt created to steer the nation out of the Great Depression.

【译文】：

若只是寻常的经济萧条，那应对方案一目了然：翻出久违的凯恩斯著作，联邦政府降低利率，总统及国会一面减税，一面增加财政支出。假以时日，购买力激升，生产力急速飞涨，贷款数随之猛增。凯恩斯的作品重获关注。美国的经济并非一帆风顺，但总的来说还不错，并不需要对经济体制做出大刀阔斧的改革。所以第二次世界大战之后，我们一直照此方案应对经济危机。

政府应为哪些阶层多减税，为哪些项目提供资助，这些是党和党长期争论的话题。公众要求他们付诸于行动的舆论压力下，政府往往实施双方都可接受的折衷方案，达到推动经济进步的目的。即使到了党派分歧严重的今时今日，政府仍希望找到此种方案。

然而这次的萧条非比平常，所以事情就不那么简单。从本质上说，我们的经济确有弊端。因此要动用一些富兰克林·罗斯福当年的改革措施，还需做到与时俱进。才能力挽狂澜、扭转乾坤，最终拨得云开见日出。

【解析】：

1、In a normal recession, the to-do list is clear.

译：在平常，经济状况一旦萧条下来，大家都就很明白应该马上着手做哪些事情：

本句中，normal recession名词性短语，但需要采用词类转换的翻译方法，进行扩展翻译成一个句子，the to-do list“大家应该做的事情”，本句主系表结构，字面意思：大家要做的事情是很清楚的。采用正反翻译的方法，将其翻译为“大家都就很明白应该马上着手做哪些事情：”。

2、Copies of Keynes are dusted off, the Fed lowers interest rates, the president and Congress cut taxes and hike spending.

译：重新翻开尘封已久的凯恩斯的著作，联邦政府调低利息率，总统和国会开始减税，增加财政支出。

本句是接上文，列举出的一系列动作，并列举。在句中，Copies of Keynes are dusted off，字面意思为：凯恩斯著作上的灰尘会被拂去。根据本文的语意表达环境，我们采用意译，翻译为：重新翻开尘封已久的凯恩斯的著作。

3、In time, purchasing, production and loans perk up, and Keynes is placed back on the shelf.

译：用不了多久，市场上购销两旺，生产线生机勃勃，贷款扶摇而上，于是乎，凯恩斯的书又回了书架。本句中，前半句purchasing, production and loans perk up中，perk vi. 振作;活跃起来(+up)，在英语中“perk up”可以用于形容以上三个主语，而在汉语中有不同搭配，所以对本句，翻译成三个小分句“市场上购销两旺，生产线生机勃勃，贷款扶摇而上”会更好一点。对于“Keynes is placed back on the shelf”中，“Keynes”需要翻译为：凯恩

斯的著作。该句子翻译为：凯恩斯的著作又会被放回到书架上。

【C—E】

钟表上的秒针一下一下地移动，每移动一下就是表示我们的寿命已经缩短了一部分。再看看墙上挂着的可以一撕下的日历，每天撕下一就是表示我们的寿命又缩短了一天。因为时间即生命。

没有人不爱惜他的生命，但很少人珍视他的时间。如果想在有生之年做一点什么事，学一点什么学问，充实自己，帮助别人，使生命成为有意义，不虚此生，那么就不可浪费光阴。这个道理人人都懂，可是很少人能积极不懈地善为利用他的时间。

【译文】：

Our life is shortened by every tick of the second hand of the clock. Each page peeled away from the wall calendar marks a bygone day. Time is life, while life is cherished by everybody, but time, by few. How can we achieve something in our brief life? T o learn some knowledge! T o replenish ourselves! T o help those in need! T o add significance to our life! Time should not be squandered if we want to make our life meaningful (to get a lot out of our life). This principle is accepted by all, but wisely observed by very few.

2009秋季翻译部分

【E—C】

What is a novel? I say: an invented story. At the same time a story which, though invented, has the power to ring true. True to what? True to life as the reader knows life to be or, it may be, feels life to be. And I mean the adult, the grown-up reader. Such a reader has outgrown fairy tales, and we do not want the fantastic and the impossible. So I say to you that a novel must stand up to the adult tests of reality.

You may say:”If one wants truth, why not go to the literally true book? B iography or documentary, these are amazing accounts of amazing experiences which people have.” Yes, but I am suggesting to you that there is a distinction between truth and so-called reality. The novel does not simply recount experience. And here comes in what is the actual livening spark of the novel: the novelist’s imagination has a power of its own. It does not merely invent, it perceives. It intensifies, therefore it gives power, extra importance, and greater truth to what may well be ordinary and everyday things.

小说是什么？我认为是人们创造出来的故事。同时尽管是创造出来的故事，但是小说仍然有一种力量能够让人听上去感觉像真的一样。真的像什么呢？就像读者所知道的那种生活或者可能的生活样子，像他们所感觉的那种生活。当然我指的是对于成熟的成年读者而言。

像我们这样的成年读者已经足够长大，不再相信童话故事，不再需要奇异幻想和那些不可能发生的事情。所以我对你说，小说必须要成熟起来，能够让成年人将之放在生活中试验。你或许会说：“如果一个人需要事实，他为什么不去看完完全全真实的书呢？自传或者纪录片里都是些令人惊异的真人真事的描述。这当然正确，但是我对你的建议是事实和所谓的现实之间有着本质的区别。小说并不仅仅只是叙述人们的经历，小说会添加人们的经历。而这一点正是小说所具有的活力火花：小说家的想象力有其自己强大的力量。借助这种想象力小说家并不仅仅创造，他们去感知。这种想象力不断增强，给原本普普通通的日常生活注入一股力量，使它们变得额外地重要，变得更加地真实。

【C—E】

有两个大款附庸风雅，参加一个冷餐会，与会者自然不乏真正的名流学者。席间，一个学者与其中的大款甲闲聊，话题不知怎么扯到莎士比亚身上。学者问大款甲：“先生是否对莎士比亚最感兴趣？”大款甲顿了顿，随即正色说：“相比之下，还是威士忌合我口味。”这时，大家都暗自窃笑。大款乙也看出了苗头，悻悻然走开。在回来的小车上，大款乙教训大款甲说：“你真一点都不懂，莎士比亚是饮料，你怎么把它当洋酒了！”

Two big shots attended a buffet reception, trying to pose as lovers of culture, for the participants included some real scholars of distinction. During the reception, a scholar chatted with Tycoon A and somehow the topic shifted to Shakespeare. The scholar asked, “Are you most interested in Shakespeare?”

The big shot paused and announced with a severe countenance: “In comparison, whiskey is more to my taste.”Hearing that, all the listeners laughed up their sleeves. Tycoon B saw the straw in the wind and left resentfully. On their way home in the car, Tycoon B lectured Tycoon A: “How could you be that ignorant! Shakespeare is a beverage, and you are foolish enough to take that as an imported spirit!”

点评：虽然容和以往有所不同，但细说到单词、词组和句型，却大都在我们平时的课堂容之中。在Section 3的英译，各个我们反复强调的翻译技巧依次露面。如：

主被交换an invented story：创造出来的故事

让步状语though invented：尽管

正反译法outgrow fairy tales：不再相信童话故事

转性译法has the power：能够

“the + adj.”表示一类事物的集合the fantastic and the impossible 奇思异想和不可能发生的事情

2010年春中口翻译

【C—E】(英文原文选自09年9月20日的《今日美国》（U.S. T oday），随后09年9月29日的《中国日报》（China Daily）了同一篇文章。)

The recession has hit middle-income and poor families hardest, widening the economic gap between the richest and poorest Americans as rippling job layoffs ravaged household budgets.

在经济衰退中，损失最为惨重的要数中等收入和贫困家庭。此外，衰退还造成最富裕和最贫困的美国人之间经济差距扩大，因为一波波裁员的侵袭使家庭可用开支遭受重创。

Household income declined across all groups, but at sharper percentage levels for middle-income and poor Americans. Median income fell last year from $52,163 to $50,303, wiping out a decade's worth of gains to hit the lowest level since 1997. Poverty

jumped sharply to 13.2 percent, an 11-year high.

虽然全美各个群体的家庭收入普降，但是中低收入者的跌幅更大。去年，（家庭）收入的中位数从52163美元降低到50303美元，达到了1997年以来的最低点，相当于十年的财富收益蒸发殆尽。贫困人口的比例则飙升至13.2%，创下了11年来的新高。

No one should be surprised at the increased disparity. Analysts attributed the widening gap to the wave of layoffs in the economic downturn that have devastated household budgets. They said while the richest Americans may be seeing reductions in executive pay, those at the bottom of the income ladder are often unemployed and struggling to get by.

对于日益扩大的收入差距，我们不应大惊小怪。经济低迷时期的裁员风潮导致家庭的可用开支急剧减少，分析师认为这才是导致收入差距扩大的罪魁祸首。他们认为，虽然最富裕的美国人也可能发现收入缩水，但那些工资最低的人才是真正的受害者，因为他们经常遭到解雇，艰难度日。

【C—E】(第十届全国人大常委会委员（a Standing Committee member of the Chinese National People's Congress (NPC)）朱相远于2010年1月4日在人民网发表的一篇题为《2010年翩然而至拥抱下一个“十年”》的文章)

原文：

2010年翩然而至，全球24个时区的万千钟声，此起彼伏，宣告在这人类新千年中，一个10年代的终结，又是另一个10年代的开始。在开局的10年中，中国经济在前9年连续9年保持着9%以上的增长。最后一年，虽受国际金融风暴影响，但依然能保持8%的高增长。

中国犹如中流砥柱，力挽狂澜，使全球目光，再次聚焦于。一年多的实践，终使曙光再现。全人类定能以集体的智慧，攻坚克难，度过难关，必将是柳暗花明又一村的新局面。

译文：

With the approaching of 2010, the ringing of bells in 24 time zones around the globe echoes one after another, announcing the lapse of the first decade in the new millennium and the start of another 10 years. Over the past ten years, China’s economy maintained a successive 9% increase for nine years since the beginning of the 21st century and still a 8% growth in the last year of the past decade, albeit influenced by global financial storm.

Functioning like a mainstay that makes vigorous endeavors to turn the tide, China, once again, draws global attraction to the East. A silver lining is emerging again after a year-round practice. As long as all the mankind conquer adversities, override difficulties with collective wisdom, there is bound to be a way out.

2010年秋中口翻译部分

【E—C】

The economic system of the United States is principally one of private ownership. In this system, consumers, producers and government make economic decisions on a daily basis, mainly through the price system. The dynamic interaction of these three groups makes the economic function. The market’s primary force, however, is the interaction of p roducers and consumers; hence the “market economy” designation.

美国的经济制度主要是私有制经济，其中，消费者、生产者和政府每天都主要通过价格体系来做出经济决策。正是这三者之间的能动关系才使经济得以运转。然而，市场的主要动力来自于生产者和消费者之间的关系，因此“市场经济”得以成名。

As a rule, consumers look for the best values for what they spend while producers seek the best price and profit for what they have to sell. Government, at the federal, state, and local level, seeks to promote public security, assure reasonable competition, and provide a range of services believed to be better performed by public rather than private enterprises.

通常，消费者总希望他们说花费的钱能够获得最大的价值；另一方面，生产者渴望能从他们所销售的商品中寻求最高的价格和利润。联邦、各州和地方各级政府的任务是加强公共安全，确保合理竞争，并提供一系列服务，因为他们相信这些服务性事业最好由国有企业来处理，而非私人企业。

Generally, there are three kinds of enterprises: single-owner operated businesses, partnerships and corporations. The first two are important, but it is the latter structure that best permits the amassing of large sums of money by combining the investments of many people who, as stockholders, can buy and sell their shares of the business at any time on the open market. Corporations make large-scale enterprises possible.

大致来看，企业分为三种：个体业主开办经营的企业、合伙企业和股份公司。前两者很重要，但只有最后一种企业才可以最大程度上把许多合作人员的投资筹集到一起，形成巨额资金。那些人作为股东，可以随时在公开市场上买卖他们所持有的股票。正是这种股份制公司使得开办大型企业成为可能。

简评：

经历了三次考试的小品文调整后，如同我们课堂中所预测的那样，今年秋季的考试题目终于回归了正常的轨道。英译汉出现了主旋律——经济类报刊型文章。其实这个主题一直是我们在课堂中练习和强调最多的，而且它和“小白本”（《中级翻译教程》）第三单元第一课《混合经济：美国的经济制度》相关度非常高，相信大家一定会觉得很熟悉。

在翻译过程中，主要难点在于句子顺序的调整/词语指称意义的确定/定语从句和后置分词的翻译。如：第二个句子中末尾的on a daily basis, mainly through the price system在翻译中必须前置在汉语的谓语动词之前；dynamic interaction根据上下文及单词本身的意义，可以猜测出“能动”的意思；再如，Government, at the federal, state, and local level, seeks to promote public security, assure reasonable competition, and provide a range of services believed to be better performed by public rather than private enterprises. 在这个长句中，我们会发现后方的believed to be…是一个分词作后置定语，根据我们在英译汉

中级口译教程词汇翻译

第二单元接待口译Interpreting for Reception Service 2-1 机场迎宾Greeting at the Airport 人力资源部经理：manager of Human Resources. Top-notch: 顶尖的 能够成行：make it 不辞辛苦：in spite of the tiring trip 百忙中抽空：take time from busy schedule run into a storm:下暴雨 Be held up: 耽搁clear up:天气转好 Attending service：服务倒时差：get over the jet-lag 行李齐了：get all the luggage 下榻宾馆：take sb.to the hotel 设宴洗尘：host a reception in one’s honor 总裁：chairman 杂技表演：acrobatic show 2-2 宾馆入住Hotel Accommodation Check-in: 登记住宿预定房间：have a reservation with 确认函：confirmation letter travel agency：旅行社 Itinerary：行程表accommodation：住宿 双人间：double room 豪华套房：a deluxe suite 8折优惠价：have a good rate with 20% off morning cal：:叫醒 Photo-copy：复印express mail：快递邮件 总台：Front desk 餐饮部：Catering Service 洗熨部：Laundry Service 楼层服务台：Floor Service Desk Fitness exercise：健身教练：coach 2-3 宴会招待Banquet Service 敬业（的专家）：dedicated（experts）contribute one’s share：尽了…责任Maneuver ：机动，演习，策略，调遣大自然所赐予的：Mother Nature grant us Cuisine：菜系色，香，味，形：color，aroma,taste,appearance 食物的质地：raw materials with quality texture 调料：seasonings 原汁原味：original flavor appetizing：引起食欲的 特色点心：special snack 酸甜适口：a sweet and sour sauce 皮薄汁醇：with thin and translucent wrappers and rish tasty soup. 皮脆肉嫩：(with a ) crispy skin and tender meat figure out：想出 好戏还在后头：have more surprises to expect 祝酒：drink to (the health) of sb. 干杯：cheers 2-4 参观访问Getting Around 高科技园区：High-Tech Park 业务经理：operation manager 鸟瞰：take a bird’s eye view of 言归正传：come back to story 走马观花：cast a passing glance at flowers while riding on horsehack 显目审批权：be authorized to approve projects (with) 优惠政策：preferential policies 与国际管理体制接轨：operate under the management system of international standards 跨国公司：multinationals 骨干企业：enterprises of pillar industries 生物技术：biotechnology 高技术产业链：high-tech industry chains 一条龙服务：a stream –lined one-stop service 生态型开发：ecological conservation 可持续发展：sustainable development 绿草成茵：boasts stretches of green grass 流水潺潺：streams murmuring 鸟儿啁啾：birds chirping 四季花香：fragrant flowers blossoming all year round 安保服务：security service

上海中级口译考试流程

中口考试流程

整体思路 一句话概括口译听力训练“听得懂、记得住、写得快” 听得懂 复习思路：听力有效词汇量，熟悉背景知识及常考套路，适应各类发音现象 练习内容：VOA，BBC标准语速及类似难度的听抄与跟读练习，昂立教师博客听抄练习，高级口译笔试听力Q6-10新闻题听抄练习 记得住 复习思路：个人笔记习惯训练，属于自己的笔记符号，以复述强化短期记忆 练习内容： *0709-030910套真题中的SpotDictation＋Sentence/PassageTranslation（中级包括statements，高级包括Note-TakingandGap-Filling） *听力教程（Statements＋非对话类的篇章＋Sentence/PassageTranslation）（中级包括statements） *昂立版预测试卷（8套） 写得快 复习思路：强化“在规定时间内写下想表达的大意”，熟练，果断 专项练习 SpotDictation 复习思路：记录单词快速、准确、精炼，熟悉自己的书写习惯，快速誊写

练习内容：真题（10），昂立版预测试卷（8），听力教程（12/16） 评分标准：20题，每题分，共计30分。只对名、动、形、副词直接扣分，其余错误作标记，统一酌情扣1-3分 17％oftheemployees分) 请对以下答案模拟打分： 卷面回答一：70%oftheemployees 卷面回答二：17%ofemployee 卷面回答三：17%oftheemployers 保底分数：70%，21分 潜力指数：★★★★ 重要性指数：★★★★ 对三类单词的不同处理 本身难度较大的词 syntheticfertilizers,lucrative,discernable,obsolete,dismantling不妨放弃 发音带来难度的词processedfood,frostresistant,safeforhumanconsumption 通读补全 常考的核心词 communication,unconsciously,cooperation,satisfaction,relationship熟练书写 对考试难度的正确理解：以0703中级真题的部分答案为例 atfault coverup

中级口译翻译真题c-e

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