国际商务英语商务术语总结

Lesson 1

1.Customs area关税区:

2.Conversion货币兑换

3. Visible trade有形贸易: The form of commodity trade, i.e. exporting and

importing goods produced or manufactured in one country for consumption or resale in another. (including cash transaction-by means of money and market, and counter trade)

4. Invisible trade无形贸易: The form of transportation, communication, banking,insurance, consulting, information etc. is called invisible trade or service industries.

5. FDI外国直接投资: Foreign direct investments. Returns through controlling the enterprises or assets invested in a host country. / P.25

6. One country acquires assets in a foreign country for the purpose of controlling and managing them.

6. Portfolio investment证券投资: Purchases of foreign financial assets for a

purpose other than controlling.

7. Stocks股票: Capital stocks or bonds.

8. Bonds债券: The papers issued by a government or a firm with promise to pay

back the money lent or invested together with interest. 9. Maturity（票据等）到期

10. Certificate of deposit大额存单

11. Licensing许可经营: In licensing, a firm leases the right to use its intellectual

property to a firm in another country. They choose licensing because they do not have to make cash payments to stat business, and can simply receive income in the form of royalty.

12.Franchising特许经营: Under franchising, franchisee is allowed to operate in the name of another, franchiser who provides the former with trademarks, brand names, logos and operating techniques for royalty.

13.Trade Mark商标

14.Patent专利

15.Royalty专利（许可）使用费，版税

16.Copyright版权

17.Licenser许可方

18.Licensee被许可方

19. Franchiser特许方: A firm who provides the franchisee with trademarks, brand ,names, logos and operating techniques for royalty.

20. Franchisee被特许方: A firm is allowed to operate in the name of another.

21. Management contract管理合同: Under a management contract, one company offers managerial or other specialized services to another within a particular period for a flat payment or a percentage of the relevant business volume.

22. Value chain价值链

23.Turnkey project“交钥匙”工程: For an international turnkey project, a firm signs a contract with a foreign purchaser and undertakes all the designing, contracting and facility equipping before handing it over to the latter upon

completion.

24.建设、经营和移交: Build, Operate, Transfer

25. Expertise专门知识

26. Bonus红利、奖金、津贴

27. Royalty 许可使用费

28. International investment国际投资: Supplying capital by residents of one

country to another.

29. Contract manufacturing承包生产

30. GATT关贸总协定: General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade

31. International business国际商务: Transaction between parties from different

countries. Sometimes business across the borders of different customs areas of the same country is also regarded as import and export. 32. Intellectual property知识产权

33. Oil deposit: 石油储备= oil reserves

34. the reserves of natural resources 自然资源储备

35. Personal advancement个人的晋升，个人素质的提高以及个人事业的进步等。

Lesson 2

1. GNP国民生产总值: Gross national Product. The market value of goods and services produced by the property and labor owned by the residents of an economy.

2. GDP国内生产总值: Gross Domestic Product. The market value of all goods and

services produced within the geographic area of an economy. 3. National income国民收入4. Per capital income人均收入

5. Per capital ‘ GDP人均国内生产总值: It is calculated by dividing its total GDP by

its population, which reveals the average income level of consumers.

6. PPP购买力平价: Purchasing power parity

7. Consumerism消费主义

8. Income distribution收入分布: The proportions of its rich, middle income and

poor people.

9.Infra structure基础设施

10.10. Staple goods大路货

11.Invoice （开）发票

12.Creditor country债权国

13. OECD经合组织，经济合作与开发组织: Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development.

14. The Commonwealth of Independent States 独联体，独立国家联合体

15. ASEAN 东盟，东南亚国家联盟: Association of Southeast Asian Nationals.

16. NIEs（亚洲四小虎）: Newly Industrialized Economies 17. Factors of production 生产要素

Lesson 3

1. Economic integration经济一体化

2. Free trade area自由贸易区: The members remove barriers to trade among

themselves while still adopts each own external policy

3. Customs union关税同盟: The members remove barriers to trade among

themselves and adopt the same external policy

4.Tariff rates关税税率

5.Settlement

6. NAFTA北美自由贸易协定: North American Free Trade Agreement

7. Common market共同市场: The members remove barriers not only to trade but

also to factors of production and adopt the same external policy. 8. Banknotes circulation货币流通9. Cartel卡塔尔

10. APEC亚太经合组织，亚洲太平洋经济合作组织: Asia Pacific Economic

Cooperation

11.OPEC石油输出国组织: Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries

12.European Commission欧盟委员会

13.Council of ministers部长理事会

14.Dual-Ministerial meeting双部长会议

15.Quota Restrictions配额限制

16. Economic Union (EU)经济同盟: The members remove barriers not only to trade but also to factors of production, adopt the same external policy and harmonize their taxation, government expenditure, industry policies and use the same currency.

17. EU欧盟，欧洲联盟: European Union

18. EC欧共体，欧洲共同体: European Community

19. Benelux荷比卢（比利时、荷兰和卢森堡三国）:Belgium, Netherlands,

Luxemburg

20. Mercousur南方共同市场: Southern Cone Customs Union

21. ECSC欧洲煤钢共同体: European Coal and Steel Community 22. EEC欧洲经济共同体: European Economic Community

23. EURATOM欧洲原子能共同体，欧洲原子能联营: European Atomic Energy

Community

24. SOM高官会议: Senior Officials Meeting

25. TILF贸易投资便利化自由化: Trade and investment liberation and facilitation 26. ECOTECH经济技术合作: Economic and technical cooperation 27. Political entity政治实体28. Sovereign state主权国家29. Multi-polarization多极化

30. Sub-committee分委员会

31. NTA新跨大西洋议程: New Transatlantic Agenda

32. TABD跨大西洋商业对话: Transatlantic Business Dialogue

33. TACD跨大西洋消费者对话: Transatlantic Consumer Dialogue

34. Territory economies区域经济体

35. Pacific Rim环太平洋圈

36. Informal Meeting of Economic Leaders领导人非正式会议Lesson 5

1. Services服务

2. Primary commodities初级产品

3. Specialization专业化: To restrict one’s economic activities to certain particular fields.

4. Absolute advantage绝对利益: It holds that a commodity will be produced in the country where it costs least in terms of resources (capital, land and labor)

5. Comparative advantage比较利益: It holds that even if a country is less efficient than another in the production of both commodities, i.e. it has absolute disadvantage in production both commodities, there is still a basis for mutually beneficial trade.

6. Capital资本

https://www.sodocs.net/doc/c317389662.html,nd and labor土地和劳动力

8. International trade国际贸易: The exchange of goods and services produced

in one country with those produced in another sufficient. 9. Farm produce农产品

10.Scarce resources 稀缺资源

Lesson 6

1.Tariff关税: A tax levied on a commodity when it crosses the boundary of a

custom area.

2. Quota配额: A quota limits the imports or exports of a commodity during a

given period of time. It is the most common

form of non-tariff barriers.

3. Import duties进口关税: Tariffs levied on goods entering an area

4. Export duties出口关税: Taxes levied on goods leaving an area

5. Ad valorem duty从价税

6. Specific duty从量税

7. Compound duties复税、混合关税

8. Drawback退税: Duties paid on imported goods that are refunded if the

goods are reexported.

9. Most-favored-nation (MFN) treatment最惠国待遇: A tariff treatment under

which a country is required to extend to all signatories any tariff concessions

granted to any participating country

10. Tariff schedule税率表、税则非关税壁垒

11. GSP普惠制: Generalized system of preferences.

12. Reasonable costs合理的成本

13. Customs area关税区

14. Customs union关税同盟

15. Tariff barriers 关税壁垒: The traditional protectionism measure Lesson7

1.Deal: agreements, especially in business, on certain terms for buying or selling something.

2.Trade terms: words or phrases that are peculiar to trade.(贸易术语)

3.Trade practices: way of doing business that is common or habitual.(贸易惯例)

4.Negotiable: (of a check,bond etc.)that can be exchanged for cash or passed to another person instead of cash.(可转让的)

5.EDI:Electronic Data Interchange.(电子数据交换)

6.Customs clearance: (document giving)authorization or permission for goods to pass through customs.(结关)

7.Dispatch: sending the goods off to the destination.(发运)

8.International Chamber of Commerce(ICC): an international non-governmental commercial organization which came into existence in 1920 with its headquarters in Paris.(国际商会)

9.Roll on-roll off: designed to allow vehicles to be driven onto and off it.(滚装滚卸)

10.Incoterms: a set of international rules for the interpretation of trade terms.(国际贸易术语解释通则)

11.Negotiable transport document:(可转让装运单据)

12.FOB:Free on Broad.(起运港船上交货)

13.CFR:Cost and Freight.(成本加运费)

14.CIF:Cost,Insurance and Freight.(成本、保险费加运费)

15.EXW:Ex Work.(工厂交货)

16.FCA:Free Carrier.(货交承运人)

17.FAS:Free Alongside Ship.(装运港船边交货)

18.CPT:Carriage Paid To.(运费付至)

19.CIP: Carriage and Insurance Paid To.(运费、保险费付至)

20.DAF:Delivered at Frontier.(边境交货)

21.DES:Deliver Ex Ship(目的港船上交货)

22.DEQ:Deliver Ex Quay.(目的港码头交货)

23.DDU:Deliver Duty Unpaid.(未完税交货)

24.DDP:Deliver Duty Paid.(完税后交货)

Lesson8

1.Inquiry: the buyers to get information about the goods to be ordered.(询价)

2.Quotation: include all necessary information required by the enquiry and sent by the exporter (报价)

3.Validity period: a stipulated time before which an offer is considered open; a validity period is indispensable to a firm offer.(有效期)

4.Offer: find the part of the offer unacceptable and may raise for further discussion his own proposals which constitute a counter-offer. )

5.Counter offer: be made in relation to the price, terms of payment, time of shipment or other terms and conditions of the offer. (还盘)

6.Offeree: the party to whom the offer is made. (收盘人)

7.Sales(purchase) contract: when the contract is made by the seller(buyer) it is

called a sales(purchase) contract.（销售(采购)合同）

8.Sales(purchase) confirmation: （销售(购货)确认书）

9.Consignment: sending of goods for delivery.(寄售)

10.Contracting parties: persons, companies countries that sign a contract.(缔约方)

11.Force majeure: something that happens out of control of the parties who have signed a contract.(such as strike,war,storm)(不可抗力)

12.Arbitration: settlement of a dispute by the decision of someone chosen as a judge by both sides.(仲裁)

13.Business line: type of business or work.(经营范围)

14.Contract proper: the body of a contract.(合同正文)

15.Article number: the number of the produces or things for sale.(货号) Lesson9

1.counter trade 对销贸易；反向贸易：counter trade is a peculiar from of transaction allegedly popular in less developed countries and in centrally panned economies.

https://www.sodocs.net/doc/c317389662.html, positions 实际头寸

3.empirical 以经验为根据的

4.hyperinflation 极度通货膨胀：normal trade relations were breaking down.

5.Reichsbank 德国国家银行

6.goods...are vertically related.纵向有联系的货物

7.European payment union 欧洲支付联盟

https://www.sodocs.net/doc/c317389662.html,petitive devaluations 竞争性贬值

9.protectionism. 贸易保护主义

10.photocopying machine 复印机

11.processing trade 加工贸易

12.Centrally planned economies. 中央计划经济国家，西方认为的社会主义国家。

13.cross--border contract 进出口合同：that link a seller’s exports to imports from buyer.

14.Volkswagen 大众汽车公司

15.Xerox corporation 施乐公司（美国）

16.consignment 寄售

17.leasing trade 租赁贸易

Lesson10

1.debtor 债务人

2.financial standing 财务状况

3.credit worthiness 资信可靠状况

4.periodic payments 分阶段付款

5.cash in advance 预付现金

6.draft(the bill of exchange) 汇票：is an unconditional order to a bank or a customer to pay a sum of money to someone on demand or at a fixed time in the

future.

7.drawer 出票人：the person who draws the draft.

8.drawee 受票人：the person to whom the draft is drawn.

9.payee 受款人：the person receiving the payment.

10.sight draft 即期汇票：calls for immediate payment on pesentation to the drawee.

https://www.sodocs.net/doc/c317389662.html,ance draft 远期汇票：(tender draft or term draft）payable at a later date

e.g 30、45、60、90 days after sight or date.

12.documentary draft 跟单汇票：the draft is accompanied by the relevant documents.

13.clean draft 光票

14.bill of lading 提单

15.documentary collection 跟单托收

16.D/P at sight 即期付款交单：requires immediate payment bu the importer to get hold of the documents .

17.D/P after sight.远期付款交单：gives the importer a certain period after presentation of the documents,but documents are not released to him until he actually pays fot the merchandise.

Lesson 11

1.applicant (Opener or Principal)申请人: The person who instructs his bank to

issue an L/C. (the importer)

2.opening bank (Issuing bank, Establishing bank)开证行: The bank that issues

the credit.

3.beneficiary受益人:The exporter in whose favour the credit is opened.

4.correspondent band往来行、关系行:The bank in the exporter’s country,

which the opening bank sends the credit to it.

5.advising bank通知行: The bank in the exporter’s country, which advises the

exporter the L/C, is received.

6.amendment修改

7.confirming bank保兑行: The bank adds its confirmation to the credit.

8.reimburse偿付

9.unit price单价

10.partial shipment分批装运

11.transshipment转运

12.the uniform customs and practice of documentary credits跟单信用证统一惯例

13.in favor of 以…为受益人的

14.the carrying vessel载货船只

15. The letter of Credit (L/C)信用证:The credit is a letter issued by a bank at the

request of the importer in which the bank promises to pay upon presentation of the relevant documents.

16.paying bank付款行: The bank accepts or negotiates the bill of exchange.

17.negotiating bank议付行: The bank buys the exporter’s draft submitted to

it.

Lesson 12

1.clean credit光票信用证: The credits only require clean draft.

2.non-trade settlement非贸易结算

3. revocable credit可撤消信用证: The credits can be altered or even canceled

without consulting with the beneficiary.

4.irrevocable credit不可撤消信用证: The credits can not be amended or

revoked without the consent of all the parties concerned.

5.maturity到期，满期

6.nationalize国有化

7.confirmed credit保兑信用证: The credit is confirmed by a bank other than the issuing bank.

8.leading bank (Prime bank, First rate bank)主要银行

9.sight credit即期信用证: The credit by which payment can be made upon

presentation of the draft and impeccable documents by the beneficiary to the bank.

https://www.sodocs.net/doc/c317389662.html,ance credit (Term credit, Time credit)远期信用证:The credit by which

payment cannot be made until a specific date or a specific time after the date of after sight.

11.capital turnover资金周转

12.face value面值

13.transferable credit可转让信用证: The credit can be transferred by the

original beneficiary to one or more parties.

14.non-transferable credit不可转让信用证: The credit can not be transferred.

15.non-draft credit无汇票信用证: The credit that payment of to be made by

presentation of the documents without the formality of drawing and

presenting a draft.

16.discount折扣

17.deferred payment延期付款

18.revolving credit循环信用证: The credit stipulated that its amount can be

renewed or reinstated without specific amendment to the credit being made.

19.insolvent无支付能力的

20.the documentary credit跟单信用证: The credits that require shipping

documents to be presented together with the draft.

a particular transaction一笔特定的交易

Lesson13

1. Documents单据

2. Documentation单据的制作或使用

3. Take delivery of提（货）

4. Commission佣金

5. Discount折扣

6. Shipping marks唛头、运输标记

7. Bill of lading提（货）单

8. Carrier承运人: The shipping company 9. Shipper货主、托运人、发货人

10. Consignor托运人11. Carriage运输，运费12. Consignee收货人

13. Notify party到货通知人、被通知人14. Payable应支付的、可支付的15. Airway bill空运（提）单16. Railway bill收货单（铁路）

17. Insurance policy保险单（大保单）18. Insurance certificate保险单（小保单）19. Cargo receipt铁路运单、货运收据

20. Commercial invoice商业发票: The document is the general description of the

quality and quantity of the goods and the unit and total price. The contents: Invoice number and the date; name and address of the buyer and the seller; contract number and credit number; description of the goods including name of the commodity, quantity, specifications, etc.; unit price, total price, price terms, and commission and discount if any; terms of delivery and terms of payment; packing, shipping marks, etc.; and seal or signature of the exporter. 21. Legal holder合法持有人22. Customs invoice海关发票23. Consular invoice领事发票24. Consular visa 领事签证25. Shipping advice装船通知26. Certificate of quality品质证书27. Certificate of weight重量证书28. Certificate of quantity数量证书29. Certificate of health健康证书

30. Certificate of disinfection消毒证书31. Certificate of origin产地证书兽医证书

33. Packing list装箱单: The documents gives information such as the number, date,

name and description of the goods, shipping marks, packing, number of packages,specific contents of each package and its net with and gross weight etc.

34. Straight bill of lading记名提单: It is made out so that only the named consignee

is entitled to take delivery of the goods under the bill. 35. Port of shipment发货港、装运港、起运港

Lesson14

1. Finished products制成品

2. Deregulation放松管制

3. Productivity生产率

4. Cost economies节约成本、成本节约

5. Intermediate products中间产品、半成品

6. Natural product province自然产品领域

7. Inventory存货、库存

8. Logistics物流

9. Just-in-time inventory system零库存

10. Common carrier公共承运人: It is privately or publicly owned companies

committed to performing a movement service of the same quality for all shippers on an equal basis and without discrimination.

11. Contract carrier契约承运人: Individual contracts may be arranged between

transportation users and carriers (the transportation company). 自有承运人

13. Representative carriers代表性的运载工具14. Production approach生产方式

15. Transportation and freight transportation运输和货物运输: In broad sense,

transportation is defined as movement of freight and passengers from one

location (place) to another. In a formal sense, freight transportation is defined as the economic movement of commodities and products and the effects of such movement on the development and advancement of business. 16. Carrier承运人

17. Shipper托运人= Consigner 18. Consignee收货人

Lesson 15

1. Insured被保险人，保户: The person who transfer risk.

2. Insurer承保人: The person or a company who assume risk (the insurance

company, the underwriter). 3. Claim索赔

4. Client客户，主顾

5. Margin保证金

6. Draw提取，支取

7. Jeopardy危险，风险

8. Literature文献，说明书

31

9. Underwriter保险公司

10. Known premium已知的保险费11. Pool统筹的资金，共同的款项

12. Cargo insurance货物保险: It is an activity aimed at moving the burden of risk

from the shoulders of the exports and importers, and placing it upon the shoulders of specialist risk-bearing underwriters.

海上保险: The insurance of ships and their cargoes.

14. Insurance保险: It is a social device in which a group of individuals transfer risk

and provides for payment of losses from funds contributed by all members who transferred risk.

15. Values exposed to loss损失的价值16. Release of funds腾出资金17. Broker经纪人

Lesson 16

1.Port of origin始发港

2. Voidable无效的

3.Indemnity赔偿原则: It holds that a contract of insurance is one, which restores a person who suffered a loss into the same position as he was before the loss occurred.

4. Ruin破产

5.Insurable interest可保利益: It holds that no one may insure anything unless he has and interest in it. (Which means that if the thing insured is preserved he will derive a benefit form its preservation, but if it is any way damaged or lost the assured will be adversely affect.)

6. Terms of sale价格条件、买卖条款

7. All Risks全险、一切险、综合险

8. Principle of utmost good faith最大诚信原则：The people who decide what

premium is fair for a particular cover do so on the basis of written statements made in a proposal form.

9. Subrogation代位求偿原则

10. Contribution分摊原则: It holds that a person cannot be allowed to insure

twice for the same risk, and claim compensation from both insurers. If two policies do cover the same event, the insurance companies contribute pro rata to the loss, and the insured is only restored to the indemnity position.

11. Proximate cause of the loss近因原则: It means that when an insurance policy is

made out to cover a certain risk, a claim becomes payable only if that risk occurred as the proximate (closest) cause of the loss suffered.

12. Forwarding charges转运费

13. F. P.A.平安险: Free from particular average

14.水渍险: With particular average

15. Adversely affected受到负面影响

16. Force majeure不可抗力: Social or natural calamities that take place beyond the control of a contraction party.

Lesson 17

1.Exchange rate汇率、兑换率: It refers to the price at which one currency can be exchange for another currency.

2.Direct quote / quotation（汇率）直接标价: A direct exchange rate is the price of a foreign currency in terms of the home currency.

3.Indirect quote / quotation（汇率）间接标价: An indirect exchange rate is the price of home currency in terms of a foreign currency.

4.Buying rate买入价: It refers to the rate by which a commercial bank buys a currency.

5.Selling rate卖出价: It is the rate by which a bank sells a currency.

6.Medial rate中间价：It is the average of the buying rate and the selling rate.

7.Gold standard金本位制：It under which countries pledged to change their paper currencies into gold when requested to do so.

8.Reserve currency储备货币：To reduce the demand for the dollar.

9.Special drawing right（SDRs）特别提款权：It is sometimes called paper gold and used to settled official transactions at the IMF.

10.lean float/Free float清洁浮动、自由浮动：the government takes no various measures to intervene in the price of its currency.

11.Managed float or dirty float管理浮动、肮脏浮动：the central banks takes no various measures to intervene in the price of its currency.

12.Discount（贴现）：a sum of money allowed for immediate payment of some due at later date.

13.Idle founds(游资)：They are the money held in the form of cash or held in idle balances

14.BOP国际收支: Balance of Payment statement of total payments to and the total receipts from foreign countries within a certain period of time.

15.IBRD国际复兴开发银行：International Bank of Reconstruction and Development Its loans are directed toward developing countries at more advanced stages of economic and social growth.

16.IMF 国际货币基金组织：International Monetary Fund

Lesson 18

1.IDA国际发展协会: International Development Association

2.IFC国际金融公司: International Finance Corporation

3.BIS国际清算银行: The Bank for International Settlement

4.Quota of IMF份额: The deposit paid by each member to the IMF

5.MIGA多边投资担保机构: Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency. To encourage equity investment and other direct investment flows to developing countries.

6.World Bank Group世界银行集团:It is the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD) and its three affiliates, the International Development Association (IDA), the International Finance Corporation (IFC), and the Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency (MIGA).

7.Financial resources(资金[财政资源])：money, wealth which a person , country, company, etc. has or can use.

8.Private sector(私营经济部门)：in a mixed economy it is owned and operated by private enterprise, not by government department or public corporations.

9.Grace period(优惠期，宽限期)：the time period stipulated in most loan contracts and insurance policies during which a late payment will not result in default or cancellation.

10.Capital infrastructure(基础设施)：stock of fixed capital equipment a country. Lesson19

1.Returns:收益

2.Customer mobility：顾客流动性

3.Inventory：存货the raw materials, work-in-process products and finished

goods that are considered to be the portion of a business's assets that are ready or will be ready for sale.

4.Tax holiday：免税期

5.Greenfield strategy：绿地战略Building new enterprises.

6.Acquisition:并购Purchasing existing facilities.

7.Join venture：合资企业A join venture is an independent bussiness entity

founded and owned by two or more partners called parents.

Lesson20

1.Secondary capital market:二级资本市场Offers investors a place to trade those

securities.

2.The gilt-edged market:金边证券市场A large proportion of the government

spending is raised through income taxi VAT , corporation tax and other taxes.

However, a shortfall usually remains, which has to be met by borrowing, in order to balance the books. One of the ways the government meets the Public Sector Borrowing Requirement is by selling gilt-edged stocks. Gilts are bought and sold in huge quantities, mainly by institutional investors.

3.The traded options market:期权交易市场

Options are contracts giving the right to buy and sell a security at an agreed price within a particular period of time. The Traded Options Market provides investors with means to hedge or protect their positions in underlying security by buying or selling an option. In addition to company securities, options are also available on gilts, currencies and indices.

4.The foreign equities market:外国股票市场

Foreign equities which refer to securities listed on overseas exchanges have become an increasingly important part of the business of securities firms whether or not these firms were members of the International Stock Exchange. PS（可以对照P278-279页翻译）

Lesson21

1.WTO : World Trade Organization 世界贸易组织

2.ITO : International Trade Organization 国际贸易组织

3.GAAT : General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade 关税与贸易总协定

4.GSP : Generalized System of Preferences 普惠制意

5.UNCTAD ：United Nations Conference on Trade and Development 联合国贸易和发展会议

6.MFN ：Most-favored-nation treatment 最惠国待遇

Lesson22

1.ECOSOC : Economic and Social Council 联合国经济和社会理事会

2.UN(United Nations) General Assembly 联合国大会

3.LDCs: Less Developed Countries 欠发达国家

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434国际商务英语单词整理分析

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Unit1 customs area visible trade invisible trade gross domestic product （GDP） portfolio investment stocks bonds certificate of deposit licensing franchising trademark patent royalty copyright licensor licensee franchiser franchisee management contract value chain contract manufacturing turnkey project BOT （Build Operate Transfer）intellectual property Unit2 national income GNP(Gross National Product） per capita income PPP(purchasing power parity) consumerism income distribution Organization of Economic Cooperation and Development infrastructure Commonwealth of Independent States staple goods creditor country ASEAN factors of production 关税区 有形贸易 无形贸易 国内生产总值证券投资 股票 债券 大额存单 许可经营 特许经营 商标 专利 专利使用费，许可使用费，版税版权 给予许可的人 接受许可的人 给予特许的人 接受特许的人 管理合同 价值链 承包生产 “交钥匙”工程 建设、经营、移交 知识产权 国民收入 国民生产总值 人均收入 购买力平价 消费，消费主义 收入分布 经济合作与发展组织 基础设施 独立国家联合体（独联体） 大路货 债权国 东南亚国家联盟 生产要素 economic integration put up barriers free trade area tariff rates quota restrictions North American Free Trade Agreement(NAFTA) customs union common market sovereign state political entity

国际商务英语阅读教程(第四版)-期末复习

Unit 1~2 Mercantilism 重商主义 Neomeicantilist 新重商主义者 Trade surplus 贸易顺差 Quota and tariff 配额和关税 Government intervention 政府干预 Zero-sum game 零和博弈 Positive-sum game 常和博弈 The theory of absolute advantage 绝对优势理论 The theory of comparative advantage 比较优势理论 Factor endowments 要素禀赋理论 Product life cycle 产品生命周期（+theory ……理论） Economies of scale 规模经济 Diminishing returns 收益递减规律 Green revolution 绿色革命 Voluntary restriction 自动出口限制 Deposit 佣金 First mover advantage 先占优势 Barrier to entry 进入(市场)壁垒 Porter’s diamond theory 波特的钻石理论 National competitive advantage 国家竞争优势 The department of commerce 商务部 Letter of credit 信用证 Draft /bill of exchange 汇票 bill of lading B/L 提单 Sight draft 即期汇票 Time draft 远期汇票 Banker ‘s acceptance 银行承兑（+bill …汇票） Trade acceptance 商业承兑汇票 Countertrade 对等贸易 Barter 易货贸易 Switch trading 转手贸易 Offset 抵消 Counter purchase 互购贸易 Compensation trade 补偿贸易 Mercantilism suggests that it is in a country’s best interest to maintain a trade surplus -- to export more than it imports（重商主义就是保持贸易顺差以实现一国的最大利益---出口超过进口） Mercantilism advocates government intervention(介入) to achieve a surplus in the balance of trade （重商主义主张政府介入以便实现对外贸易顺差） It views trade as a zero-sum game - one in which a gain by one country results in a loss by another （将贸易看成零和博弈，一个国家收益一个国家受损） Absolute Advantage 绝对优势 Adam Smith argued that a country has an absolute advantage in the production of a product when it is more efficient than any other country in producing it 亚当斯密认为一个国家生产一种商品比其他任何国家效率都高时存在绝对优势 According to Smith, countries should specialize in the production of goods for which they have an absolute advantage and then trade these goods for the goods produced by other countries 按照亚当斯密的说法，各国应该专门生产具有绝对优势的商品，然后用他们交换其他国家生产的商品 The Benefit（好处） of Absolute Advantage and Free Trade The Principle for International Division of Labor–Absolute Advantage 国际分工的原则---绝对优势 The Consequence（结果） of Division of Labor and Free Trade 分工的结果和自由贸易 1. To Production: the Flow of the Factor of Production 生产要素的流动； the Efficiency of Factor Distribution 要素分配效率；the Quantity of Production 产品质量。 2. To Consumer: Welfare from Free Trade自由贸易福利: low price of imports and more consumption 低价格的进口更多的消费 Comparative Advantage比较优势 Ricardo’s theory of comparative advantage suggests that countries should specialize in the production of those goods they produce most efficiently and buy goods that they produce less efficiently from other countries, even if this means buying goods from other countries that they could produce more efficiently at home李嘉图的比较优势理论认为一个国家分工生产最有效率的产品，而从别国购买自己生产效率相对较低的产品，

国际商务英语重要知识点识记

International Business English Lesson 1 International Business Business Knowledge: The major differences between international business and domestic business A. Differences in legal systems B. Differences in currencies C. Differences in cultural background D.Differentinnaturalandeconomicconditions The major types of international business A. Trade https://www.sodocs.net/doc/c317389662.html,modity trade b.Service trade B. Investment a.Foreign direct investment b. Portfolio investment C. Other types a.Licensing and franchising b.Management contract and contract manufacturing c. Turnkey project and BOT Answer the following questions: 1.Whatdoesinternationalbusinessreferto?Pleasetellthedifferencebetweeninternationalbusinessanddo mestic business. A:Internationalbusinessreferstotransactionbetweenpartiesfrom differentcountries.Sometimes businessacrossthebordersofdifferentcustomsareasofthesamecountryis alsoregardedasimportandexport. Some major differences between international business and domesticbusiness is following: (1)Differences in legal systems (2)Differences in currencies (3)Differences in cultural background (4)Different in natural and economic conditions 2.Pleaseexplainthedifferencesbetweenvisibletradeandinvisibletrade.Whichisbecomingmoreandmore important andaccounts for anincreasingproportionininternationaltrade? A:Visibletradeistheformofcommoditytrade.Theformoftransportation,communication,banking,insur ance,consulting,informationetc.iscalledinvisibletradeorserviceindustries.Thelater is becomemore andmoreimportant. 3.Canyoucitesomeexamplestoillustrateculturaldifferencesininternationalbusiness? A:Culturaldifferencesincludinglanguage,customs,traditions,religion,value,behavioretc. 4.Please elaborate on the two categories of international investment. What is their major difference?

自考05844国际商务英语词汇部分

自考05844国际商务英语词汇部分

Unit 1: P7 Transaction 交易customs area 关税区in compliance with 遵从；遵照conversion 货币兑换visible trade 有形贸易resale 转售 gross domestic product国内生产总值invisible trade 无形贸易for short 缩写为 account for 占…比例headquarters 总部trap 陷阱，圈套 portfolio investment 证券投资stocks 股票bonds 债券 maturity （票据等）到期，到期日certificate of deposit 大额存单licensing许可经营franchising 特许经营trademark 商标advisable 可行的；适当的 patent 专利royalty 专利使用费；版税copyright 版税 licensor 给予许可的人licensee 接受许可的人franchiser 给予特许的人franchisee 接受特许的人logo 标志；标记management contract 管理合同 expertise 专门知识bonus 红利；津

贴；奖金flat 一律的，无变动的 value chain 价值链contract manufacturing 承包工程turnkey project “交钥匙”工程 BOT（Build，Operate，Transfer）建设、经营、移交stand for 代表；表示variant 变形/体 Unit 2: P23 potential 潜力clue 线索national income 国民收入 GNP 国民生产总值per capita income 人均收入bulk 大量的；大宗的 PPP 购买力平价consumerism 消费，消费主义income distribution 收入分布Organization of Economic Cooperation and Development 经济合作与发展组织 infra structure 基础设施Commonwealth of Independent States 独立国家联合体 staple goods 大路货tap 开发hemisphere 半球 observation（经观察而得到的）看法haven 避风港；安全之地spur 促进；刺激

关于自考05844国际商务英语课文必考词汇短语

Transaction 交易customs area 关税区 in compliance with 遵从conversion 货币兑换visible trade 有形贸易resale 转售 gross domestic product国内生产总值invisible trade 无形贸易for short 缩写为account for 占…比例headquarters 总部trap 陷阱，圈套 portfolio investment 证券投资stocks 股票 bonds 债券maturity （票据等）到期，到期日certificate of deposit 大额存单licensing许可经营 franchising 特许经营trademark 商标 advisable 可行的patent 专利royalty 专利使用费；copyright 版税licensor 给予许可的人 licensee 接受许可的人franchiser 给予特许的人franchisee 接受特许的人logo 标志；标记management contract 管理合同 expertise 专门知识bonus 红利；津贴；奖金 flat 一律的，无变动的value chain 价值链 contract manufacturing 承包工程 turnkey project “交钥匙”工程clue 线索 BOT（Build，Operate，Transfer）建设经营移交stand for 代表variant 变形/体potential 潜力national income 国民收入bulk 大量的；大宗的 GNP 国民生产总值per capita income 人均收入PPP 购买力平价consumerism 消费，消费主义income distribution 收入分布 Organization of Economic Cooperation and Development 经济合作与发展组织 infra structure 基础设施Commonwealth of Independent States 独立国家联合体 staple goods 大路货tap 开发hemisphere 半球observation（经观察而得到的）看法haven 避风港；安全之地spur 促进creditor country 债权国proximity 临近ASEAN 东南亚国家联盟witness 亲历economic integration 经济一体化liberalize 使自由put up barriers 设置障碍fall under分成几部分free trade area自由贸易区tariff rates 关税税率NAFTA 北美自由贸易协定customs union 关税同盟detour 迂回；绕行common market 共同市场adoption 使用，采用euro 欧元erode 侵蚀autonomy 自治sovereign state 主权国家political entity 政治实体set the stage of 为、、做准备；促成monumental 重要的，有纪念意义的landmark 地标；里程碑signatory 签字国；签字人settlement 结算banknotes 纸币；钞票circulation货币流通executive body 行政机构，执行机构European Commission欧盟委员会veto 否决commissioner 委员，特派员，专员council of ministers 部长理事会empower 授予权力 multi-polarization 多极化tenet 原则；宗旨Dual-Ministerial Meeting 双部长会议 cartel 卡特尔，联盟OPEC 石油输出国组织 globalization 全球化frequency 频繁，频率 interactive 相互作用的element 要素；组成成分；元 素value 价值观acclaim 欢呼；欢迎；喝彩 adverse 不利的；反对的controversial 引起争议的 instrumental 有作用的internationalization 国际化 facilities 设施；设备；工具label 把称为；把归类 employ 用；使用assets 资产incorporate 吸收；合并 purpot 声称；自称headquarters 总部 international economic environment国际经济环境 double digit 两位数字survival 继续生存 embark（on）开始；从事gigantic 庞大的；巨大的 intervene 干预；干涉technical improvements 技术进 步derivation 获得day-to-day running 日常管理 decentralize 分散；放下（权利）wield 操控；控制 jurisdiction 权利；管理范围vehicle 工具；手段 delegate power to…对、、、授权affiliate 分支机构； 附属机构mover 原动力，推动力define 下定义 services 劳务distri natural resources 自然资源 abundant 丰富的scarce缺少，缺乏primary commodities 初级产品incentive 刺激 specialization 专业化constitute 构成，形成remainder 剩余的，余数hold 认为in terms of 在…方面 illustrate 说明table 表格，图表assume 假设 efficient 有效的，效率高的occur 发生，产生law 规 则，法则even if 即使disadvantage 不利with respect to 关exploit 利用，开发static 静止的 endowment of nature 自然的赋予up-to-date 现代的， 新式的intuitive 直觉的，直观的appeal 吸引力 absolute adantage 绝对利益comparative advantage 比较利益strategic 战略的reduce 减少bulky 笨 重的，庞大的perishable 易碎的protectionist 保护主 义的barrier障碍typical 典型的tariffs 关税 quota 配额levy 征收，收取coincide 巧合；偶合 customs union 关税联盟import duties 进口关税 export duties 出口关税ad valorem 按价；从价 specific 从量的compound duties 复税，混合关税 drawback 退税refund 偿还；退还 most-favoured-nation（MFN）treatment 最惠国待遇 signatory 签字国concession让步tariff schedule 税率 表；税则non-tariff barrier 非关税壁垒impose 加强 unilaterally 单方面地label 标签，标记，标号 voluntary 自动的，主动的forthcoming 即将到来的 meaning of transport 运输工具inland water vessels 内 河船只maritime 海洋的cargo compartment 货仓 charter租fleet 舰队insurance保险 vulnerable 脆弱的collision 碰撞pilferage 偷窃 explosion 爆炸place of historical interest 古迹 accommodations 膳宿供应immigrant 移民 remittance 汇款undertake 承担 climate 环境气氛；风气degenerate 变坏；衰退 deal 交易draw up 制定；拟就respective 各 自的；分别的subsequent 随后的，后来的 interpretation 解释；说明trade terms 贸易术语； 交易条件trading practices 贸易惯例 litigation 诉讼，诉争entail 使人承担；使成为必要 amendment 修正案；修正条款 addition 增加部分revise 修正；修改 unitization 使成为一个单位maritime 海的；海上的 consolidate 统一，合并render使得；使成为 negotiable 可转让的；可流通的vital 极其重要的， 必不可少的whereby 凭借那个，借以premises 生产 场所；经营场所disposal 处理departure 离开，启程， 出发quay 码头substantive 实质性的 set forth 陈述；阐明binding 有约束力的 enforceable可实施的sue起诉trade fairs 商品交易 会trunk call 长途电话enquiry 询盘；询价 quotation 报价voluntarily 主动地，自愿地 indispensable 必不可少的validity period 有效期 offer还盘unbinding 无约束力的invalid 无 效的sales contract 销售合同 sales （purchase）confirmation 售货（购货）确认书 setting up 构成，结构，格式consignment 寄售 contracting parties 缔约方force majeure不可抗力 arbitration 仲裁cotton piece good 棉布 cotton yarns 棉纱hereby 于此hereunder 于下 article number 货号yard 码overleaf 反面 bleached 漂白的counter trade 对销贸易；反对贸易 allegedly被说成；据说phenomenon 现象 terminology 术语generic 总称的 net positions 实际寸头adduce 引证 empirical 以经验为根据的reciprocal 互惠的；互相 hyperinflation极度通货膨胀literally 照字地 disarray 混乱conceptually 概念上地European Payment Union 欧洲支付联盟pre-specify 预先说明 competitive devaluation 竞争性贬值in essence 实质上的intertemporal 不同时的be tied to 固定于 photocopying machine 复印机 intriguing引起兴趣的，有迷惑力的concurrently 同时 发生的 a fraction of一点儿；一部分 verify 一部分sophisticated 经验丰富的bypass 避开；置、、、于不顾expertise 专门知识leverage 杠杆 作用tap 开发；开辟conceal 掩盖；隐藏 perpetuate 使永久存在processing trade 加工贸易 consignment 寄售赁agency 代理domestic 国内的