中石油模拟托福阅读词汇总结(1995-2004)

阅读词汇速查

考频考查的单词正确的选项词性中文含义abundant plentiful a. 大量的accelerate increase v. 加速；加大accessible available a. 可用的

2 accordingly for that reason；

consequently

ad. 因此

2 account （for）explain v. 解释；说明

accumulate collect v. 积累；积聚

a couple of

years

two years 两年adequate sufficient a. 充足的

adhere stick v. 黏附；胶着adjunct addition n. 附加物administered managed v. 管理adorn decorate v. 装饰

advent arrival n. 出现、到达adversely negatively ad. 不利地；有害地advocate proponent n. 倡导者；辩护者aesthetically artistically ad. 审美地；美学地affront insult v 侮辱轻蔑aid help v. 帮助

alert wary a. 机敏的

allay reduce v. 减少

alter change v. 改变；调整alternative option n. 替代；替代物altogether completely ad. 完全地ancillary secondary a. 附属的；辅助的annihilate conquer v. 消灭；征服antagonist enemy n. 对手；敌人antecedent predecessor n. 先辈anticipate look forward to v. 期待；盼望apace with as fast as 快速的

appealing attractive a. 吸引人的Apply used for v. 应用；适用appreciated

(-tion)

recognized(-tion) v.(-n) 赏识Aptly appropriately ad. 适当地arduous difficult a. 艰巨的；艰苦的article object n. 物品，物体

Ascend climb v. 攀升；升高2 assemble gather; bring together v. 装配；组合

assortment variety n. 品种；种类assumption belief n. 确信的想法attachment preference for n. 依恋；偏好2 attained achieved; reached v. 达到

attendant accompanying n. 服务员

Attire clothing n. 衣着；盛装

2 attribute

credit;

characteristics

v. 被认为；被鉴定;特征

Avail make use v. 有用

Avid eager a. 渴望的；热心的

Barren infertile a. 贫瘠的；不毛的besides in addition to prep. 除此之外2 Bias prejudice n. 偏见；嗜好

Bind tie v. 捆；绑；使结合boosted raised v. 提高，推进2 Bound limit held n. v. 范围；界限;限制

Break departure from n. 决裂；破裂brief look glance n. 瞥视；浏览bring about cause v. 导致；引起brittle easily broken a. 易碎的calculate determine v. 计算；确定came to the

forefront

became important

carried on continued v. 继续

Carry support v. 支撑；支持

cease stop v. 停止；结束celebratory full of praise n. 颂扬celestial astronomical a. 天空的；天上的

chance unplanned a. 偶然的；碰巧的characteristics qualities n. 性质，特性chronicle describe v. 记述

classify categorize v. 分类

clear unobstructed a. 畅通的；无阻的2 clue information n. 线索；信息

cluster group v. 成群2 coarse rough; crude a. 粗糙的

coin create v. 创造；杜撰coincide with happen at the same time ad. 同时2 collective(-ly) group (together) n.(ad) 集体(共同地)

come of age establish itself v. 达到法定年龄；

确立自身地位

comparably similarly ad. 可比地；相当地compelling forceful a. 被迫的component parts n. 部分compose focus on v. 创作；创造comprise consist of v. 包含；包括concealed covered a. 隐藏着的concentrate cluster v. 集中；积聚conclusive definitive a. 最后的concomitant

with

in conjunction with ad. 协同concrete specific a. 具体的；特定的configuration arrangement n. 结构；形状2 confine limit; restrict v. 限制；局限

confirm uphold v. 证实；确认conflicting opposing a. 冲突的；抵触的conjectural based on guessing a. 猜测的；推测的

consequence result n. 结果2 conserve store; retain v. 保存；保护

3 considerable large; substantial;

much; great

a. 很重要的；很大的

consistent constant a. 持续的consort associate v. 结交conspicuous noticeable a. 显著的

2

constituent

(-v.)

component (make up) n. (v.) 成分；要素(构成；组成) consumed (-n) eaten (eat) v. (n.) 吃掉

2 contemporary existing; written at

that time

a. n. 当代的；现有的;同时代

convergence gathering n. 聚集2 convert change v. 转换

correspondingly similarly ad. 相应地；对应地count weigh v. 有价值；有分量counteract negate v. 抵消；反作用counterpart version n. 复本；对应物crisscross move back and forth v. 穿梭；交错往来critical judge of

fine arts

connoisseur n. 鉴赏家；评论家crucial important a. 重要的cumbersome burdensome a. 麻烦的；笨重的dampen moisten v. 使潮湿

daring bold a. 勇敢的；大胆的

deft skilled a. 熟练的；灵巧的deliberate careful a. 审慎的；仔细的demand require v. 要求；需求

demise death n. 死亡demonstrate show v. 表明；证实dense thick a. 稠密的；浓厚的

depend rely v. 依靠

depict represent; describe v. 描述

depress lower v. 压低；使沮丧

derive obtain v. 得到derived from based on v. 基于2 detectable measurable; apparent a. 可察觉的；易发现的

detecting finding v. 探测devastated ruined a. 毁坏的；被破坏的developing evolving a. 发展的；演化的

2 devote to dedicate; specializing

in

v. 致力于；献身于

dictate determine v. 指示；决定diffuse travel v. 扩散；传播disaster catastrophe n. 灾难discard get rid of v. 丢弃；抛弃discrete separate adj. 不连续的dispute argument n. 争论；争执disseminate spread/impart v. 散布；传播2 distinct separate; different a. 清晰的；不同的

distinguish differentiate v. 区分；辨别divergence difference n. 差异；变化

3 diverse dissimilar; varied;

different

a. 多种多样的；不一样的

dividing line boundary n. 边界；分界线do sth.

repeatedly

iterate v. 重复；反复2 domain field; region n. 领域；范围

dominate be prevalent in v. 支配；控制dramatic striking a. 显著的2 drastic (-ly) radical (severely) a. (ad) 激烈的；猛烈的2 draw attract; instruct v. 吸引;引导

2 durability

(-able)

endurance

(long-lasting)

n. (a.)

经久，耐久(持久的；耐

用的) dwelling house n. 住处；寓所eager enthusiastic a. 热心的

2 easily moved portable a. 轻便的；可携带的

2

effect

(-iciency)

influence

(effectiveness)

v. (n.) 影响；效果elaborately done in great detail ad. 详尽地；精心地elevate promote v. 提高；提升elicit bring out v. 引出embraced welcomed v. 欢迎emerge appear v. 浮现；出现

2 emit (-ing) give off (producing) v. 发出(生产，发行)

emphasize stress v. 强调

employ use v. 雇佣；应用2 enable allow; help v. 使能够；使可能

enactment performance n. 演出；表演encompass include v. 包含end goal n. 末端；目的endless continuous a. 不断的

engaged hired v. 雇佣

ensure guarantee v. 保证

entire whole a. 全部的

entity object n. 实体；存在

entomb trap v. 埋葬；设陷阱

era period of time n. 时期eradicate eliminate v. 除去；消除erroneous ideas misconception n. 误解；错误观念erroneously

identified as

mistake v. 误以为；误认为

2 essence (-tial) basic nature;

fundamental

n. (a.) 基本(基本的)

establish create v. 设立；创作estimated judged v. 鉴定evidence indicate n. 迹象；预示evolution development n. 发展exalted superior a. 高贵的；崇高的

2 excavate dig v. 挖掘；开凿

exceptional remarkable a. 非同一般的

execute create v. 造成；制成；履行；执

行

exercise utilize v. 行使，利用

exert cause v. 引起；产生exorbitant expensive a. 昂贵的expendable unprofitable a. 没有用的2 expose subject to; uncover v. 使暴露；暴露于2 extend stretch;increase v. 延长；扩展2 extol praise v. 赞美2 extract remove v. 提取；取得

extraordinary supreme a. 非凡的；极度的2 fabricate make; construct v. 制作；装配

faction side n. 小派系

fashion create v. 造成，引起

fatal deadly a. 致命的2 favor prefer v. 喜爱

feed put v. 供给；供应

feel detect v. 察觉；感觉

finding scientific discovery

fine (-ly) tiny; minutely a. 细小的

fixture commonplace object n. 固定设备；附属装置

flamed burned a. 燃烧的flattering complimentary a. 称赞的；奉承的flourished thrived n. 茂盛forage feed v. 搜索；寻找食物

foremost leading adj. 最主要的formidable difficult a. 艰难的forward-looking progressive a. 向前看的；有远见的frame （-work）pose (structure) v. (n.) 构造；提出 (框架结构) freeing releasing n. 解除，释放functional usable a. 合用的

fundamental basic a. 基础的；基本的

furnish provide v. 提供

fuse combine v. 熔合；结合

gambit calculated risk n. 策略；谋略

gap open n. 缺口；缝隙

give way to turn into v. 让位；变成

glowing shining a. 光亮的

good name reputation n. 名声；名誉

graphic vivid a. 生动的

gradually by degrees ad. 逐渐地

grumbled complained v. 抱怨

hard firm a. 坚硬的；牢固的

hard to deal

stubborn a. 执拗的；固执的with

hardiest most vigorous a. 最强壮的

heart center n. 中心

hemisphere side n. 半球；半边

henceforth from that time on ad. 自此以后

herald announce v. 预示；预报

hinged on depended on v. 依靠

hinterland region n. 地方；区域

ideal perfect a. 完美的

identical exactly alike a. 同样的

ignite set on fire v. 点燃

imitate copy v. 模仿；伪造

immunity protection n. 保护

immutable unchangeable a. 不变的

impediment obstacle n. 妨碍；阻碍

imperceptibly subtly ad. 不可觉察地；极缓慢地

implement tool n. 工具；器械

implication significance n. 含义；意义

imposing demanding a. 紧迫的；紧急的

in place of instead of ad. 代替

in reality actually n. 实际上；事实上inaccessible unreachable a. 难接近的；难达到的inception beginning n. 起初incinerate burn up v. 烧毁incised carved a. 雕刻的inclination preference n. 倾向；偏好incorporate combine v. 结合；合并incriminate blame 有罪induce cause vt. 导致

influx arrival n. 流入；到达ingenuity resourcefulness n. 机灵inhibit hinder v. 阻止；阻碍2 initiate start; cause v. 开始；引发

2

innovation

(-tive)

new idea (new) n. 创新；革新(创新的) insignificant unimportant a. 不重要的instance case n. 实例；例证integral essential; fundamental a. 整体的；不可缺少的

2 intense (-sive) extreme (concentrated) a. 强烈的；(加强的，集中

的)

intent goal; purpose n. 目的interchangeable equivalent a. 相等的；可互换的intervals periods n. 周期intermittently periodically ad 间歇的intervention influence n. 干涉；影响intricate complex a. 复杂的intriguing attractive; fascinate a. 迷人的invade move into v. 侵入inviting attractive a. 吸引人的；诱人的justify prove v. 辩护；证实key important a. 重要的laborious difficult a. 费力的lament complain about v. 抱怨

lie be located v. 位于

load weight n. 重担

locale place n. 场所

lured attracted v. 吸引，引诱magnify intensify v. 放大；强化3 maintain preserve; keep v. 维持；坚持

major principal a. 主要的；大型的make possible allow v. 允许；使可能mandate require v. 要求

margin edge n. 边；边缘2 marked pronounce; noticeable a. 明显的；显著的

means method n. 方法

merely only ad. 仅仅地，只不过meteoric rapid a. 迅速的meticulously careflly ad. 小心地minuscule tiny a. 很小的；微小的

minute tiny a. 微小的；细微的modifying changing v. 修改；变化momentarily briefly ad. 短暂的monopolize dominate v. 独占；占优势

moreover furthermore; in

addition

ad. 此外

motif design n. 图案；花纹mundane ordinary a. 世俗的；普通的myriad many a. 许多的；无数的nascent immature a. 新生的；初生的nevertheless however ad. 然而；仍然norm standard n. 标准noted observed v. 注意到noticed announced v. 宣告，通告notwithstanding despite; in spite of prep. 尽管nourish feed 喂养noxious harmful a. 有害的；有毒的

obtain get; acquire v. 获得；取得

obvious apparent a. 明显的；显而易见的

optimal best a. 最佳的

ornate elaborate a. 华丽的

oscillate swing v. 摇摆震荡

outbreak beginning n. 爆发；开始

outline summarizing v. 总结；概括

outstanding excellent a. 杰出的；显著的

over great

faraway a. 遥远之处distances

overtaken surpassed v. 赶上，超越

partitioning division n. 划分

peak maximum a. 最高的；高峰的

peculiar strange a. 奇特的

penetrate go through v. 穿透；透过

people in the

actor n. 演员；剧中人物play

periphery outer edge n. 外围

permeate spread through v. 传遍

persist continue v. 持续

personal

charisma n. 个人魅力magnetism

pertinent relevant a. 有关的

phenomena event n. 现象；事件

pick up follow v. 寻找；寻路

picture imagine n. 图片

pit hole n. 坑；洼地

place measure v.

plunge drop n./v. 投入，陷入

ponderous heavy a. 笨重的

pore hole n. 毛孔；细孔

position job n. 职位；职务

postulate suggest v 假定

potential possible a. 潜在的；可能的precarious uncertain a. 不稳定的precise accurate a. 精确的

prefer favor v. 偏好；喜欢preoccupation involvement n. 专心preside over manage v. 负责；统辖presumably probably ad. 大概prevailed dominated v. 成功，统治2 prevailing most frequent; dominant a. 盛行的；流行的

prevent avoid v. 制止；阻止

2 primary (-ly) fundamental (chiefly) a. (ad.) 基本的；初步的(主要

地)

prior to preceding a. 在先；居前

prized valued a. 贵重的

probe explore v. 探察produce butter n. 产物；产品2 prolific productive (fruitful) a. 多产的

prominent distinguished (famous) a. 显著的；卓越的proponent supporter n. 支持者prospect possibility n. 期望；前景prototype model n. 原型；范例protrude project v. 突出；伸出pry off locate v. 查找puncture pierce v. 刺穿；刺破

pursue chase v. 追赶

raise rear v. 饲养；养育

random unpredictable a. 不可知的rapidity swiftness n. 迅速rare infrequent a. 稀有的；罕见的rather （than）instead (of) ad. 相反；相反地raw unprocessed adj. 未加工的readily easily ad. 容易地realization awareness n. 认识；意识

reap accept v. 收获；接受

rear raise v. 培养；饲养

reckless irresponsible a. 不负责任的

recorded documented a. 已纪录的

recruit enlist v. 征募；补充

refreshing unusual a. 清新的；清爽的

regardless of no matter what a. 不管

relate connect v. 相关；关联

reliance dependence n. 依靠

remarkable significant a. 异常的；非凡的

renounce reject v. 拒绝

representative typical a. 典型的

resemble be（appear）similar to v. 相似；类似

resolve find a solution for v. 解决

resort to using v. 采用

revered respected v. 尊敬

revise change v. 修正；改造

revitalize bring new life to v. 新生

robust strong a. 强健的；坚强的

roll back reduce v. 压低；减少

2 rotate alternate; turn v. 轮流；更迭

rot decay v. 腐烂

roughly approximately ad. 概略地；大约

rudimentary undeveloped a. 原始的；简单的

run operate v. 操纵

rupture burst v. 破裂；裂开

rushing rapid a. 急流的

sanitation health n. 卫生；健康状态

saturate soak v. 浸透；饱和

saying two

paradox n. 悖论；隽语opposite things

scale measure n./v. 刻度/测量

2 scarce (-ly) rare (barely) a. (ad.) 稀有的

scatter irregularly distribute v. 分散

scope extent n. 范围

scorched burned v. 烧焦

score musical compositions n. 乐谱scurrying rushing v. 急赶2 secure acquire; safe v. ad. 获得；取得;安全的

sedentary inactive a. 不移栖的sentiment opinion n. 意见；观点

serve as function as v. 充当；担任set establish v. 确定；安置2 settle (-ed) decide (stabled) v. 决定；解决(固定的)

severe poverty indigence n. 贫困；赤贫shield protect v. 保护；避开significant meaningful a. 有重要意义的site location n. 地点；场所skepticism doubt n. 怀疑主义；怀疑态度sketching drawing n. 速写；素描

skilled expert a. 熟练的；擅长的skyrocket increase rapidly v. 猛涨，突增sleep briefly nap n. 小睡；打盹smooth

effective functioning

operation

smother eliminate v. 覆盖；除去

snap break v. 折断；拉断2 sole only a. 唯一的；独一的

solemn serious a. 严肃的；庄重的

sort out separate v. 挑选出source of energy fuel n. 能源；燃料span cover v. 包含

spawn create v. 产生

spark bring about v. 激发；发动speculate hypothesize v. 推测；假设staggering overwhelming a. 压倒的；压倒之势的

standard customary a. 标准的standing not flowing a. 停滞的；不流动的

2 staple popular edition; basic

element

n.

大宗物品；流行的东西

主要成分

stimulate encourage v. 激发；促进story level n. 楼层；层strain stress v. 拉紧，重压strength basis n. 实力；基础stress emphasize v. 强调striking noticeable a. 显著的stringent strict a. 严格的；严厉的strive try 努力奋斗struggle competition n. 竞争

subject susceptible a. 易受影响的；遭受影响

的

subjugate conquer v. 征服subsequent later a. 后来的2 subsidy (-ize) finance n. (v.) 补助金；补贴

subtle slight adj. 微小的；精细的succinct concise a. 简洁的；简练的sufficient adequate a. 足够的；充足的suitably appropriately ad. 适宜地sumptuous luxurious a. 豪华的；奢侈的sums amounts n. 和supplant replace; displace v. 取代；替代2 supplement extension; add to n. 补充；补遗

support hold v. 支持；支撑supposedly seemingly ad. 按照推测；表面上supremacy dominance n. 至高无上；支配地位supreme most outstanding a. 最大的；极度的

2 surge (-ing) increase sharply

(accelerating)

v. (a.)

急剧增加(高涨的；跃进

的)

suspend hang v. 挂；悬挂

sustain support v. 支撑

symmetrical proportionally

balanced

a. 对称的；匀称的

tangled twisted together a. 混乱的teeming with full of 充满telling challenging a. 有效的；有力的

tempting attractive a. 诱人的testimony evidence of n. 证据thanks to because of n. 由于；多亏

thereby by that means ad. 因此think highly admire v. 钦佩；羡慕thrive grow well v. 茁壮成长

thwart frustrate v. 使受挫

tolerate endure v. 忍受；忍耐

trace imprint n. 痕迹；遗迹transition change, convert v. 转变trend tendency n. 趋势；趋向

typify characterize v. 代表，表现ultimately eventually; in the end ad. 最后2 undergo experience v. 经历

underscore emphasize v. 强调underwater

craft

submarine n. 潜水艇undoubtedly certainly ad. 的确地2 unique particular; singular a. 独特的

unprecedented never seen before a. 空前的unravel discover v. 解开；阐明unrestricted unlimited a. 无限制的；自由的unsubstantiated unverified a. 未证实的；未核实的urged encouraged v. 催促，鼓励

usher beginning v. 引导；开始2 vary (-ious) differ (-ent) v. 变化；改变(不同的) 2 vast large; great a. 巨大的；广阔的

venture endeavor n. 冒险；冒险行动very closely intimately ad. 亲密；密切vessel craft n. 船vestige evidence n. 遗迹；残余virtually completely n. 实质地want to much greedy a. 贪婪的；贪心的whether if conj. 是否wider more extensive a. 宽广的witness observe v. 目睹；目击yield provide v. 产生；产生效果

补充：0405、0408、0410

contemporary current Adj. 当前的；当代的frowned on disapproved of v. 不赞成disseminated Spread v. 散布source Basis v. 来源；基础unchronicled unrecorded v. 未记录的Clues Indications n. 线索

gave rise to brought about v. 引起；带来

strikingly Noticeably Adv. 引入注目的

carried on Conducted v. 继续；操作necessitated Required Adj. 必需的Hence for these reasons Conj. 因此

sweep clear v. 打扫；清理technically officially Adv. 技术上的；官方的realization recognition n. 认识inaccessible Unreachable Adj. 达不到的Thriving Flourishing Adj. 繁荣的

oversaw Estimated v. 估计；预计

delivered Presented v. 呈现

boasted financed v. 资助

intriguing Fascinating v. 迷人的

endless Continuous Adj. 继续的；无尽的versions forms n. 版本

customary usual Adj. 习惯的according to depending on Adj. 根据significance importance n. 重大counter Overcome v. 克服

Transform Change v. 转变unprecedented not existing before Adj. 空前的Haul Load n. 负担

Strip remove v. 剥去

probe explore v. 探测

tend care for v. 照顾

provisioning supplying v. 供应edge advantage n. 优势shielded protected Adj. 防护的；屏蔽的prime principal Adj. 最初的；主要的incised cut v. 雕刻distinctive unique Adj. 独一无二的yield produce v. 产生bartering exchanging v. 交换

supplanted Replaced v. 取代charged with assigned to v. 控制

primitive undeveloped Adj. 原始的

on the threshold

at the start of 在…开始of

imitation copying n. 模仿exert put v. 施加

durable Strong adj. 持久；耐用shattered broken apart v. 粉碎

dominant most common Adj. 优势的；常见的

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Grumbled 抱怨，牢骚complained Serve服务，适合 function Sole 的only Detecting 发现finding Sedentary久坐的，不活动的 inactive Subjected 受影响的exposed Essence 本质，精华basic nature Diverse 不同的different Noted 注意到 observed Emphasize 强调stress Accessible易接近的，可靠近的available Account for 解释，说明explain Smooth operation 顺利进行 effective functioning Cluster 成群 group Alert 警惕 ware Scurrying 急跑，匆忙走rushing Formidable 艰难地，令人敬畏的difficult Intent 目的，意向 purpose Regardless of 不管，不顾no matter what Marked 显著地noticeable Confine 限制 restrict

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