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英语商务信函中被动语态的语用意义及其翻译

英语商务信函中被动语态的语用意义及其翻译
英语商务信函中被动语态的语用意义及其翻译

英语被动语态的翻译举例

英语被动句的翻译举例 英语被动句翻译为汉语时,应根据具体情况灵活掌握。 1. 用“被”、“由”、“受(到)”、“挨”、“得到”、“给”、“叫……给”、“让……(给)”、 “是……的”、“为……所”、“加以”等译成汉语的被动句。例如: 1)The door was mended by him. 门被他修好了。/ 门叫(让)他给修好了。/ 门是他修的。 2)He was praised(表扬). But we were criticized(批评;责备). 3)The machine is used by many people. 这台机器为(被)许多人所使用。 4)The problem must be studied carefully. 这个问题必须仔细加以研究。 2. 借助句中的状语等做主语,译成汉语的主动句。例如: 1)All kinds of drinks are sold in that supermarket. 在那家超市里卖各种各样的饮料。或:那家超市卖各种各样的饮料。 2)Table tennis is played all over China. 中国各地都打乒乓球。 3.按照英语句子的主谓顺序,译成可省“被”字的汉语句。例如: 1)His homework has just been done. 他的家庭作业刚做完。 2)The food has been eaten up. 食物已吃光了。 4.成汉语的无主句。例如: 1)Soon the news was received. 不久就收到了那个消息。也可译为:不久那个消息就收到了。 2)After a while, many people were seen to run out. 过来一会儿,看到许多人跑了出来。 5. 添加“有人”、“人们”、“大家”、“我们”等泛指的主语译成汉语。或译为“据……”。 例如: 1)He was seen to take the book. 有人看见他拿走了那本书。 2)Air is known to be a mixture of gases. 人们(大家,我们)都知道空气是一种气体的混合物。 3)She is said to know nothing about it. 据说她对这件事什么也不知道。 4)It is said that …. 据说…… It is well known that …. 大家知道……;众所周知…… It is believed that …. 有人相信…… It will be said that…. 有人(将)会说…… It was reported that…据报道…… 6. 改译成主动句。例如: 1)A new dress was made for me by my mother. 我妈妈给我做了一条新裙子。 2)I was given many nice presents on my birthday. 在我的生日那天,我收到了许多漂亮的礼物。

商务英语信函的翻译

摘要 商务英语信函在国际贸易中起着重要的作用。本文首先通过介绍商务英语信函的特点,然后遵循商务英语的翻译准则,从商务英语信函的用词,中长句的处理以及语气特点三方面着手探讨商务英语信函的翻译技巧。为了提高商务英语信函的翻译质量,翻译者必须了解商务英语信函的特点及商务英语信函的翻译准则及技巧。通过举例和比较,本文详细地分析了商务英语信函的特点并总结出翻译商务英语信函的标准和方法及商务英语信函翻译中应注意的问题。 关键词:商务英语信函;翻译;特点;翻译技巧

ABSTRACT Business English letter plays an important role in international trade.This thesis first introduces the features of business English letter with 7Cs. Then following the translation principles of business English letter, from the words, long sentences and manner of speaking aspects, it discusses the translation skills. In order to obtain good quality translation of business English letter, translators must understand the features of business English letter and the translation principles and skills. By analying the examples and making the contrastive study, this thesis gives a detailed analysis of the features of business English letter and figures out the basic principles and methods applicable to the translation of this specific genre and some problems a translator should pay attention to during the translation of business English letter. Keywords:business English letter; translation; feature; translation skills

英语翻译技巧第八节 英语被动语态的翻译

第八节英语被动语态的翻译 汉英对比,英语的被动句显然多于汉语,因为英语重视形态(形式),汉语不重视形态,重视语感。如: (1)海水不可斗量。(2)文章总算写好了。说汉语的 人自古以来有一种主体思维方式,认为“成事者必在 人”,施事者“尽在不言之中”。所以很多被动关系不必 一定用“被”字句。 一、被动语态的语义价值 第一、被动语态有强调受事者,将它置于话题(topic)的主位的语用功能。 1).Peter was robbed to pay Paul. Peter was robbed by him to pay Paul. 他偷了彼得的钱去还保尔的债。(他剜肉补疮。) 2).The happy man cannot be harried. 吉人自有天相。 第二、被动语态有承接上句的修辞功能。 3)Many advances in computer technology took place in the twenty years after 1950.They are generally classified into four stages or generations. 第三、被动语态在特定的语境中表达对主语的尊敬或说话者的谦恭。 4)Where can you be reached?

在什么地方可以找到您?(请问您住在什么地方?) 5)When will I be interviewed? 我什么时候来参加面试呢? 第四、被动语态常用以表示说话者对所提出的话题持有某种客观态度,因而比较委婉。 6)He is said to be the most respected teacher in our Department. 7)It is suggested that each speaker is alloted five minutes. 建议每位发言者讲话不要超过五分钟。 二、被动语态的翻译问题 (一)译成汉语主动句 1、原文中的主语在译文中仍作主语 2、原文中的主语在译文中作宾语 3、译成带表语的主动句“…的是…”或“……是……的” 4、常用被动句型的翻译 5、用“在…下”式(主动式动词+介短) (二)译成汉语被动句 1、“被…”或“给…”“让”“叫” 2、“(遭)受…” 3、“为…所” 4、“加以”“予以”“给以”

外贸英语函电(第二版)课后翻译

外贸英语函电课后翻译参考答案中英文对照版 Chapter Two 1.我们从中国驻东京大使馆商务参赞处得知贵公司的行名和地址并了解贵公司是经营家用电器产品有经验的出口商 We obtained your name and address from commercial counsellor’s office of the Chinese embassy in Tokyo. They have informed us that you are experienced exporter in the market for home electrical appliances. 2.我们的一个客户对你们的新产品感兴趣 One of our customers is interested in your new production. 3.我们的一个日本客户想要购买中国红茶 One of our customers in Japan wants to be in the market for black tea. 4.如你所知我们的外贸政策是在平等互利的基础上与各国人民做生意 As you know, our policy is to trade with merchants of various countries on the basis of equality and mutual benefit. 5.我们希望你方尽最大努力促进业务又增进友谊。 We hope you can try your best to promote both trade and friendship. 6.谢谢你方来函表示提供服务我方愿与你方就扩大贸易的可能性进行讨论。 Thanks for your letter about service supply, we are willing to talk about the possibility of promoting trade. 7.我们了解到你公司是中国手工艺品的出口商因此冒昧的写信给你 We have acknowledged that your company is the exporter of Chinese handicraft. 8.我们相信贵我双方的业务将随着时间的推移而得到发展。 We are sure that business between us will be promoted as time passing. 9.你方2 月15 日函悉并已转交给了上海分公司办理答复因为你所询购的商品属于他们经营范围 Your letter of Feb 15th addressed to us has been passed on to our Shanghai Branch Office for attention and reply, as the goods you inquired is within the range of their business activities. 10.我们是一家在全世界范围内进行进出口业务的贸易公司 We are a trading company handling the import and export business around world. 1、经你方商会的介绍我方欣悉贵公司的行名和地址。 On the recommendation of your Chamber of Commerce, we have learned with pleasure the name and address of your company. 2、我公司专门经营中国纺织品出口并愿意在平等互利的基础上与贵公司建立业务关系。We are specializing in the export of Chinese textiles and glad to enter into business relations with you on the basis of equality and mutual benefit. 3、为使贵方对我方产品有全面的了解我方另函寄去一本目录册及一套小册子以供参考。To make you know well of our products, we are separately sending you a catalogue together with a set of brochure for your reference. 4、如对目录中所列之任何产品感兴趣请具体询价我方将立即报价。 Please specific inquire if you are interested in any of the items listed in the catalogue. We will quote promptly. 5、望尽快答复。

商务英语翻译教程第3单元 教案

第三单元 I.学习目的与要求 通过本单元的学习,认知和应用翻译中的被动语态及其翻译方法,合并翻译法;了解世界贸易组织(WTO)的相关知识、专业术语及其翻译。 II.教学时间:4学时 III.教学重难点: 1.被动语态的翻译 2.合并法 IV.教学内容: Section I Text Section II Method and Technique Section III Exercises V.教学方法与手段:讲授为主,配以师生互动实训,PPT等。 VI. 教学步骤 一、被动语态的翻译方法(重点) 理解: 1.英语被动语态在翻译时,取决于具体句子所表达的涵义即汉语表达习惯而定 2.在英语中,有一些固定的被动结构,译为汉语时已有定式 3.有些英语的被动语态译成中文时,可以按照中文的习惯加上诸如“受…、被…、给…、让…、使…”等词,构成汉语的被动句 应用:主动句和被动句的相互转换,固定的翻译结构,利用汉语的被动语态构成词来翻译英语中的被动意义 被动句的翻译P36 &37 英语中的被动句既可以译成主动句,又可以译成被动句,还可以根据汉语表达形式译成无主句,判断句等。 It was founded in 1993… 它创建于1993年(主动句) They are ratified by members’parliaments. 它们经成员国议会批准。(主动句) If the scheme is approved, work on the project will start immediately. 如果方案被批准了,这项工程将立即动工。 Two days were allowed them for making the necessary preparations. 给了他们两天的时间来做准备。(无主句) Printing was introduced into Europe from China. 印刷术是从中国传入欧洲的。(判断句) Our price has already been closely calculated. 我方价格是经过精密核算的。(判断句) 有些英语的被动语态译成中文时,可以按中文习惯加上“受,被,给,让…给,遭到,把,使,由,为…所,用,靠,予以”等。 Vegetable oil has been known from antiquity. 植物油自古以来就为人们所熟悉。 She was blamed for everything her sister did.

外贸英语各种信件翻译

1.索取资料(产品信息) Gentlemen/Ladies: We confirm receipt of your letter(your ref. L-CBA-0001) of February 1,2000 regarding the marketing of your children's clothes in this country.In order for us to study the matter in greater detail, we would appreciate receiving a price list for each item shown in your catalog. V ery truly yours, 先生们/女生们: 我们已收到贵公司于2000年2月1日发出的关于在我国销售童装的信函(贵公司参考号为L-CBA-0001).为了我们更详细地研究此事,我们希望能得到贵公司产品目录中所列项目的价格表. 您忠实的, in order for us to ... 为了我们... it would be very helpful if you could... 如果贵方能...将会给我们很大帮助. (1) 如果贵方能寄来商品目录和价格表,我们不胜感激. (2) 请贵方寄来相关资料. (3)贵方若能寄来销售统计数字,将会给我方很大帮助. (1) We would appreciate it if you could send us a list of your merchandise and a price list. (2) We would like to ask you to kindly send us the related information. (3) It would be very helpful if you could send us statistics on your sales. 2.索取资料(企业情况) Dear Sir/Madam, We are a company that imports yachts for sale to Japanese clients and we have enclosed our company's brochure for your reference.Y our company's name to our attention through an article in the August issue of Ocean Magazine and we understand that you manufacture yachts of various sizes. Since we might be interested in doing business with your company, we would like to have some information about you r company, we would therefore appreciate your sending us your company's catalog so that we can examine the business potential more closely. Thank you for your attention. Y ours faithfully, 亲爱的先生/女士: 我公司从事游艇进口,并向日本销售.随信寄去我公司手册,以供参考.<海洋杂志>八月号的一篇文章引起了我们对贵公司的注意.我们了解到贵公司生产不同型号的游艇,我公司有望与贵公司做生意,因此希望了解贵公司及产品的情况,请寄来贵公司产品目录,以便我们进一步研究合作的可能性.我方不胜感激. 感谢贵公司的关注. 您忠实的, be keenly interested in...... 对...非常感兴趣 develop an interest in (toward)......对...产生兴趣 line of business 经营范围 product line 产品种类 1.我们通过东京工商会了解了贵公司的情况. 2.我公司是东南亚地区最大的高尔夫设备销售代理商之一,我们已获得贵公司新产品的有关信息. 3.我方对贵公司新近开发的技术很感兴趣. 1.We learned of your company through the Chamber of Commerce and Industry in Tokyo. 2. Our company is one of the largest sales agents for golf equipment in South East Asia and we have obtained information about your new products. 3. We are very much interested in your recently-developed technology. 3.寄送资料 Dear Mr. Y amato,

商务英语翻译方法

商务英语翻译方法 商务英语翻译方法 1.顺序翻译法 所谓顺译法就是按照原文的顺序组织译文。在商务英语中,当语句陈述的是一连串的动作并按发生的时间安排或逻辑关系排列时, 此类语句与汉语的表达方式较一致"可按原文的顺序译出。 2.反译法 英汉两种语言结构存在很大差异。英语重心在前,汉语重心在后,汉语长句采用总结式。 多把信息点放在后面,越往后越重要。如果一个句子既有叙事又有表态"汉语就把叙事部分放在前。 表态部分放在后$英语则相反,常常把表态部分放在句首,译成 汉语时则将其放在句末"从而形成反译,一些带有否定意义的词。 3.词义引申翻译法 词义引申翻译法,就是根据上下文的内在联系,通过句中词或词组乃至整句的字面意义由表及里,运用一些符合汉语习惯的表达法,选用确切的汉语词句,将原文内容的实质准确的表达出来。 从词义角度看,引申可分为抽象化引申和具体化引申。从句法层面来看,引申可分为逻辑引申、语用引申、修辞引申、概念范围的 调整。 将词义做抽象化引申是指对原文中某些字面意义明确具体的词,采用汉语中的含义抽象、概括的词语来表达。

将此一具体化引申就是指,将代表抽象概念或者属性的词来表达一种具体事物的时候,用具体化的事物来表达,还其具体的本来面目,使读者一目了然。 逻辑引申就是在翻译的过程中,由于直译某个词、短语乃至整个句子会使译文不通顺以及不符合目的语的表达习惯,因而就要根据 上下文的逻辑关系,对该词、短语或整个句子从其本意出发,由表 及里,运用符合目的语习惯的表现法,选用确切的词句,将原文内 容的实质准确的表达出来。 语义引申就是把原文中的弦外之音补益出来,就属于语用学引申的手法。 语用学是非语义学的语用意义,一般都不通过词汇、语法手段表示,它是非规约性的、潜在的;受话人凭借交际能力来理解这种语用 意义,换句话说,它是结合交际对方、交际目的和交际情景,从说 话人词语中引申出来的意义。 除此之外还有修辞引申、概念等引申的翻译方法。 4.凝练翻译法 商务英语中部分语句的结构复杂,信息量大,单凭一种方法很难翻译到位。 翻译这类语句时,要根据具体情况,理清修饰语和中心词的.关 系以及修饰语内部各个成分之间的关系。 把各种方法合理地综合运用、灵活处理,既忠实地再现原文内容,又保证译文通顺,表达准确,句子流畅。从语言特点上看,英语为 形合,而汉语则为神合。 5.词类转换翻译法 转换是指商务英语翻译中语言的词性和表现方法的改变。 由于英语和汉语的表达习惯、句子结构和词的搭配关系都有差异,在翻译中往往难以做到词性和表现方法的一致。

被动语态翻译题

被动语态练习题 1.我们希望你尽快完成那项工作。 2我们已在会议上讨论了那个重大的问题。 3.学生们经常在课上做那样的练习题。 4.明年他们将在这条河上建一座新大桥。 5.你的家庭作业做完了吗? 6.这家工厂制作这种自行车。 7.上课之前我们必须交上数学练习本。

8.我们把这个房间当作会议室使用。 9.明天他们会完成植树吗? 10.你可以早一点做完它。 11.我看见她从学校出来了。 12.她给了我一件生日礼物。 13.我们还没有担完水。 14.你能在两小时之内干完活吗? 15.我从没听他说过关于这件事.

16.即使问题的确出现了,也可以轻易地得到改正或解决。 17.在全体工作人员的共同努力下,这项生产计划得以顺利实施。 18.人们重新发现了古代文明。 19.教授们因此得到了报酬。 20.人们预计直到2000年那个国家的失业率都会保持稳定。 21.必须立刻处理他频繁的逃课问题。

22.人脑与电脑的区别可以用一个词形容:复杂性。 23.从那以后人们通常认为它是一把双刃剑,就像人的克隆一样,在增加我们的财富以及给我们带来舒适的同时,其潜在的危险又让人们感到恐慌。 24.人们相信核能是我们这个时代最伟大的革新之一,然而人们又担心它会毁灭世界。 25.一种在世界范围内迅速传播的计算机病毒已

经感染了50000多台电脑。 26.大体上来说,人可以分为三种:一种是劳累至死的,一种是忧心至死的,还有一种无聊至死的。 27.总的来说, 得出这种结论是有一定把握的, 然而,必须具备两个条件:能够假定这个孩子与他的竞争能力对手对考试已经有着相同的态度;他也不会因为缺乏对手们已掌握的有关知识而被处罚。

外贸英语函电课后翻译

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英语商务信函的翻译

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