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高考英语代词知识点专项训练解析附答案(4)

高考英语代词知识点专项训练解析附答案(4)
高考英语代词知识点专项训练解析附答案(4)

高考英语代词知识点专项训练解析附答案(4)

一、选择题

1.The financial crisis(危机) and the suffering ________ has caused have a great influence on the whole world.

A.they B.it C.which D.what

2.The British Prime Minister was forced to make an important decision. ___________many would refuse to accept.

A.that B.the one C.one D.those

3.________ is believed that heavy smokers are more likely to develop serious illness.

A.As B.It C.Which D.What

4.________ occurred to me that I had left my shirt on the playground.

A.It B.One C.That D.What

5.I turned to bookstores and libraries seeking information about the book mentioned in his lecture,but found_____.

A.no one B.none

C.nothing D.anything

6.Standard Cognition, a startup company. in California, has developed technology that works like of Amazon Go, but it seeks to sell its artificial intelligence system to businesses for use in their own stores

A.the one B.those C.that D.one

7.The traffic on the main streets has a longer green signal than that on the small ones. What does the underlined "that" refer to?

A.the traffic B.the signal C.the street D.the time

8.The two girls are so alike that strangers find ________ difficult to tell one from the other. A.it B.them

C.her D.that

9.—Oh,my English novel is missing.

—I saw Tom leaving with ________,but I am not sure whether yours was included.

A.one B.it

C.some D.that

10.Devotion is a kind of quality, ________you should have if you want to get along well with your friends.

A.that B.it C.one D.what

11.As the busiest woman in Norton, she made _____ her d uty to look after all the other people’s affairs in that town.

A.this B.it C.that D.one

12.“Made in China 2025” aims to transform China from a product-making factory into a product-making power, ______________ driven by innovation and emphasizing quality over quantity.

A.the one that B.one that

C.one D.the one

13.Your digital camera is very nice.Where did you buy_____? I’d like to buy _____, too. A.it; one B.it ; it C.one ; one D.one ; it

14.The information on the Internet gets around much more rapidly than in the newspaper. A.it B.those

C.one D.that

15.Theoretically, there are many solutions to such a problem, but it is not easy to

find________easy to put into practice.

A.that B.one C.it D.the one

16.If an excellent Chinese novel is translated into English, ____ means many more people in the world can enjoy it.

A.as B.which

C.what D.that

17.In the past, ____didn’t make much of a difference to your success____ you had a good family background.

A.that; if B.it; whether C.that; whether D.it; if

18.I dislike ________when Jim said the UN was not a worthy organization, ________ bringing everyone closer together.

A.one; one B.it; one

C.one; which D.it; which

19.Mr. and Mrs. Scott prefer a restaurant in a small town to ______ in so large a city as New York.

A.this B.one

C.it D.that

20.Behind this shop lies a nonprofit organization, ____helping survivors of drug and alcohol addiction, violence and other horrible experiences.

A.one B.the one C.that D.which

21.We have many summer camps for your holidays. You can choose ____ based on your own interest.

A.them B.each

C.one D.it

22.Do you think _____ important _____ us to learn a foreign language?

A.that; of B.it ; for

C.it ; of D.that ; for

23.The coat I bought yesterday is the same ____.

A.as you B.as you are

C.as yours D.like you

24.Jim sold most of his things.He has hardly___left in the house.

A.anything B.everything

C.nothing D.something

二、13

25.They have done much of the work; when will ________ be finished?

A.the rest B.the other

C.another D.the others

【参考答案】***试卷处理标记,请不要删除

一、选择题

1.B

解析:B

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查定语从句和代词用法。句意:金融危机以及它所带来的灾难对整个世界造成了很大影响。整个句子的主语是the financial crisis and the suffering,the suffering后面引导一个定语从句。定语从句先行词是the suffering,在定语从句里充当的是cause这个词的宾语,用which或that,可以省略。而主语其实是the financial crisis,但是为了避免重复,在定语从句里用代词“it”来替代“the financial crisis”。所以整个定语从句真正缺少的是句子的主语“it”,故选B。

【点睛】

本题中,选项C是较强的干扰项,时需要注意一点:在定语从句当中,如果先行词充当的是定语从句的宾语,那么关系代词是可以省略的。本题就是一个典型。在作定语从句的题时,必须搞清楚先行词在定语从句中充当的句子成分是什么,才能进行正确的选择。2.C

解析:C

【解析】

【详解】

考查代词。句意:英国首相被迫做出一个许多人都不愿接受的重要决定。此处用one替代an important decision,是它的同位语;one后面是省略that的定语从句。故选C。

3.B

解析:B

【解析】

【详解】

本题考查it用法。解题步骤:1.确定各选项用法:空格的位置是主语,A. As引导非限制性定语从句;B. It可以作形式主语;C. Which引导主语从句;D. What引导主语从句;2.确定答案:根据believed后面的that可知,这是主语从句后置,前面用形式主语it代替。如果选A,应将that改为逗号,C/D项的话,that前应添加动词。句意:人们认为,烟瘾大的人更容易患重病。故选B。

4.A

【解析】

【详解】

考查固定句式。句意:我突然想起我把衬衫忘在操场上了。固定句式:It occurred to sb. that…意为“某人突然想起……”。故选A。

5.B

解析:B

【解析】

考查代词。A. no one没有人,指人,通常用who提问;B. none没有人,一个也没有,none 是表示数量上的没有,通常用how many提问;C. nothing无物,指物,通常用what 提问;

D. anything任何事。句意:我转向书店和图书馆寻找他演讲中提到的那本书的信息,但什么也没找到。此处指数量上一个也没有,故选B。

6.C

解析:C

【解析】

【详解】

考查代词辨析。句意:Standard Cognition是加州的一家创业公司,已经开发出工作原理类似Amazon Go那样的技术。但是公司试图将他们的人工智能系统销售给其它企业,用于这些企业自己的店铺。A. the one指代前面的同类同物,B. those指代前面的同类不同物,C. that是those的单数,指代前面的同类不同特;D. one指代前面泛指的可数名词。分析句子可知,本空指代前面的与前面的technology是同类但不同物,即“类似于Amazon Go那样的技术”一样的技术,但不是Amazon Go的技术。指代前面的同类不同物的要用that。故选C。

7.A

解析:A

【解析】

【详解】

考查名词辨析。句意: 主要街道上的交通信号灯的绿灯时间要长于其他小街道上的信号灯绿灯。画线句that只得是?此处that此处指代上文的the traffic,以避免重复,表示同类但

不同一的事物。故选A。

8.A

解析:A

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查代词的用法。句意:这两个女孩长得如此相像,以致于陌生人觉得很难把她们区分开。本句中it用在find后作形式宾语,真正的宾语是后面的动词不定式短语to tell one from the other。them,her,that等词均不能作形式宾语或形式主语。故选A。

9.C

【解析】

【详解】

考查指示代词。句意:——哦,我的英语小说不见了。——我看见Tom带着一些英语小说离开了,但是我不确定你的是不是在里面。因为后面有whether yours was included,可知空处应该是指some English novels,可用some代替。故C选项正确。

10.C

解析:C

【解析】

【详解】

考查代词。句意:奉献是一种品质,如果你想和你的朋友相处得好,你应该拥有这种品质。根据上下文可知这里指代上文的a kind of quality,用one“泛指”作a kind of quality 的同位语,it是同类同物,that特指上文的可数名词单数或不可数名词,what引导从句。故选C。

11.B

解析:B

【解析】

【详解】

考查固定用法。句意:作为诺顿最忙碌的女人,她有责任处理镇上所有其他人的事务。此处为动词+形式宾语+宾语补足语+不定式结构,四项中只有it能作形式宾语,故B项正确。

12.C

解析:C

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查代词的用法。句意:“2025中国制造”的目标是把中国从一个产品制造工厂变成一个产品制造大国,一个以创新为导向、强调质量而不是数量的大国。one表示泛指,相当于“a(an)+名词”,代替的是同类事物中的“一个”;that表示特指,相当于“the+名词”;代词one=a/ an +n,此处one=a product-making power;而________driven by innovation and emphasizes quality over quantity中driven by 只是一个非谓语短语(be driven by 被……驱使)作定语,因此不需要连词引导。所以排除A、 B。one表示泛指,相当于“the+名词”可以排除D。故选C。

13.A

解析:A

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查代词。句意:你的数码相机很漂亮。你在什么地方买的呢?我也想买一个。根据句意

可知,第一空应用it代指上文提到的your digital camera,第二空指同类中的某一个,应用one,故选A项。

14.D

解析:D

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查代词辨析。句意:网上的信息传播得要比报纸上的信息传播得更快。A.it指代上文出现的同一事物;B. those指代可数名词复数;C. one指代可数名词单数。D. that指代不可数名词或可数名词单数形式,后面要有定语修饰,表示特指。本句中that指代不可数名词information后面有介词短语修饰,表示特指。故D正确。

【名师点睛】

1)it通常用来指代上文提到过的那个事物,表示特指概念,即指代同一物。

(2)one表示泛指概念,替代可数名词的单数形式。其复数形式ones也表示泛指概念,用来替代可数名词的复数形式。the one(s)也是替代可数名词,但表示特指概念。

(3)that既可以用来指代不可数名词,又可以用来指代可数名词单数形式,表示特指概念,相当于“the+名词”结构。

(4)those用来指代可数名词复数形式,表示特指概念,相当于“the+可数名词复数”结构。它是that(指代可数名词单数时)的复数形式。

(5)当that或those在句中指代事物时,它们的后面通常使用一些后置定语,如:

Little joy can equal that of a surprising ending when you read stories.(that指代不可数名词joy)特别提醒:(1)that只能代替事物不能代替人(定语从句除外),one既可代替事物也可代替人。

(2)“物主代词+own”之后不能加one。

(3)一般可以用this one,that one,较少用these ones和those ones。当ones前有形容词修饰时则可以用these和those。

15.B

解析:B

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查代词。句意:从理论上讲,解决这一问题的办法有很多,但要找到一个容易付诸实践的办法是不容易的。A. that用来代替上文中出现的名词,它表示与前面同类的东西;B. one 通常替代上文中出现过的可数名词,指同类异物;C. it代指前面提到过的名词,而且就是那个名词,即同类事物;D. the one用来指代同类事物中特指的另一个,可与that替换。句中代词one指代前句中的solution,是同类异物。故选B。

16.D

解析:D

【解析】

试题分析:句意:如果一个优秀的中文小说被翻译成英语,这意味着世界上更多的人可以享受它。If引导的是条件状语从句,后面应该是主句,as,which应该引导非限制性定语从句,what应该名词性从句,这里用那个that做主句的主语,指上文的内容。选D。

考点:考查句式结构

17.B

解析:B

【解析】

【详解】

考查形式主语和主语从句。句意:在过去,是否有良好的家庭背景对你的成功并没有太大的影响。此处是it作形式主语,后面的主语从句是真正的主语,且if作“是否”讲时不能引导主语从句,故答案为B。

18.B

解析:B

【解析】

【详解】

考查代词。句意:我不喜欢吉姆说联合国不是一个值得敬重的组织,一个让每个人更加亲密的组织。第一空用it作形式宾语,真正的宾语为when Jim said the UN was not a worthy organization;第二空用代词one,代指前面的名词organization。故选B。

【点睛】

当hate/enjoy/like/love/prefer/appreciate/dislike等表示情绪的动词后接when或if从句时,通常要用it作形式宾语。

19.B

解析:B

【解析】

【详解】

考查代词。句意:Scott先生和太太喜欢在小镇上的餐馆,而不喜欢在像纽约这样的大城市里的餐馆。prefer A to B比起……更喜欢……,该句型是固定句型,用one代替another restaurant,故选B。

20.A

解析:A

【解析】

【详解】

考查代词。句意:这家店的背后是一个非营利性组织,一个帮助吸毒、酗酒、暴力和其他可怕经历的幸存者的组织。后文中没有谓语动词,故不属于定语从句,不能选择C或者D 选项。且设空处做organization的同位语,表泛指,故不加冠词the,排除B选项。故综上选A。

21.C

解析:C

【解析】

【详解】

考查代词。句意:我们有许多暑期夏令营,你可以根据自己的兴趣选择一个。A. them它们;B. each每一个;C. one一个,为泛指,泛指同类事物或人中的某一个;D. it为特指,特指上文提到的某人或者某事物。根据语境可知,此处应是表示泛指的某一个,在此泛指上句提到的many summer camps中的某一个,故选C。

22.B

解析:B

【解析】

试题分析:考查it用法。本句中的it是形式宾语,真正的宾语是后面的不定式to learn a foreign language.当形容词是表示人的性格特征的形容词的时候,后面的介词可以使用of。如果不是表示人的性格特征的,就使用for结构。句意:你认为对我们来说学习外语重要吗?根据句意说明B正确。

考点:考查it用法

点评:在英语中it可以指时间,地点,度量衡等,也可以做形式主语,形式宾语,或者引导强调句型。也可以指代前面提及的同一个人或者事情。要特别模糊it的用法。

23.C

解析:C

【解析】

【详解】

考查固定结构和名词性物主代词。句意:我昨天买的外套和你的一样。the same as…和……一样,句中比较的是衣服,因为后面没有名词,所以此处要用名词性物主代词yours,相当于your coat。故选C。

24.A

解析:A

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查代词。句意:吉姆卖掉了他的大部分东西。他家里几乎什么都没剩下。anything用于疑问句、否定句、条件句中,或用于肯定句,但与含有疑问、否定意义的词连用,意为“任何事(物),什么事(物)”,根据所提供的情景Jim sold most of his things.可判断出他房子里几乎没有什么东西了。hardly意为“几乎不”,构成否定句;everything 意为“每件事物,万事”;nothing 意为“(什么也)没有,没有什么东西(什么事)”;something 意为“某物,某事”。故选A。

二、13

25.A

解析:A

【解析】

答案:A代词用法。the rest可指代前面的不可数名词work, 而其它三项均不可指代不可数名词。

高考英语语法专题复习--代词

高考英语语法专题复习 三、代词 知识要点: 代词是代替名词、名词短语或句子的词。代词可分为人称代词、物主代词、指示代词、反身代词、不定代词、疑问代词、相互代词、连接代词、关系代词等九类。 一、人称代词 人称代词在句中可以用作主语(用主格,如I, you, he, she, it, we, they, 等)和宾语(用宾格,如me, you, him, her, it, us, them等): 人称代词的用法: 注:(1)在电话中或It is/was...that/who...强调句型中被强调部分做主语时,用主格: ---Is that Mr. Li? ---Yes. This is he. It’s I who did it. 这是我干的。 (2)单独使用的人称代词通常用宾格: “I’m tired.” “Me too.” “我累了。”“我也累了。”“Who wants this?” “Me.” “谁要这个?”“我要。” (3)有时用主格或宾格会导致意思的变化: I like you better than he. 我比他更喜欢你。为I like you better than he likes you. I like you better than him. 我喜欢你胜过喜欢他。为I like you better than I like him. (4)人称代词的排列顺序:单数人称代词通常按“二三一”排列,即you, he and I; 复数人称代词通常按“一二三”排列,即 we, you and they:You, he and I are of the same age. 你,他和我都是同一年龄。 We , you and they are all good citizens. 我们,你们和他们都是好公民。 但若用于承担责任或错误等场合,则可把第一人称 I 置于其他人称代词之前: Tom and I hope to go there. 汤姆和我想去那儿。I and Tom are to blame. 我和汤姆该受批评。 但是,you and I 是固定结构,语序通常不宜颠倒。 (5)人称代词后跟名词同位语。有些人称代词后有时可跟同位语: These small desks are for us students. 这些小课桌是给我们学生的。 We girls often go to the movies together. 我们女孩子常一起去看电影。 He asked you boys to be quiet. 他要你们男孩子安静些。 二、物主代词 物主代词分形容词性物主代词(my, your, his, her, its, our, your, their)和名词性物主代词(mine, yours, his, hers, its, ours, yours, theirs)。形容词性物主代词相当于形容词,置于名词前,作定语;名词性物主代词相当于“形容词性物主代词+名词”,在句中作主语、宾语、表语、连用of作定语:His son is taller than hers. 他的儿子比她的儿子高。 Ours is a great country. 我们的国家是一个伟大的国家 Her son is a friend of ours. 她的儿子是我们的朋友。 This is your pen. Mine is in the box. 这是你的铅笔,我的在铅笔盒里。 注:(1) a friend of mine (ours, yours, hers, his, theirs)结构 (2) 物主代词与own 连用。表强调。也可用of one’s own置于名词后作定语: Mind your own business. 别管闲事。

【英语】高考英语代词专题训练答案及解析

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