(完整word版)雅思阅读长难句分析.doc

1.【雅思长难句分析】 1-5

雅思阅读长难句分析： 1

And it is imagined by many that the operations of the common mind can be by no means compared with these processes and that they have to be acquired by a sort of special training.

雅思阅读长难句分析： 2

Whether the government should increase the financing of pure science at the expense of techno logy or vice versa

(反之 ) often depends on the issue of which is seen as the driving force.

雅思阅读长难句分析： 3

How well the predictions will be validated by later performance

depends upon the amount, reliability, and

Appropriateness of the information used and on the skill and

wisdom with which it is interpreted.

雅思阅读长难句分析： 4

There is no agreement whether methodology refers to the concepts peculiar to historical work in general or to the

Research techniques appropriate to the various branches of

historical inquiry.

雅思阅读长难句分析： 5

Furthermore, it is obvious that the strength of a country economy is ’s directly bound up with the efficiency of its

agriculture and industry , and that this in turn rests upon the efforts of scientists and technologists of all kinds.

---------------------------1-5 答案 ------------------

答案：

and it is imagined by many that the operations of the common mind

can be by no means compared with these

processes, and that they have to be acquired by a sort of special training. 要点：句子的框架是and it is imagined?that?, and。that是典?型的句型 it + is + p. p. （去分） + that clause。it 是形式主，句子真正的

主是两个并列的 that引的主从句，由 and 接。 operation 此不能成“操作”，根据上下文成“活”，里的 processes 要成“思程”，而不

能地理解成“ 程”。

文：多人，普通人的思活根本无法与科学家的思程相比，些思

程必某种才能掌握。答案：

whether the government should increase the financing of pure science at the expense of technology or vice versa often depends on the issue of which is seen as the driving force.

要点：句子的框架是 whether?or? often depends on。whether??or 引了主从句作句子的主，financing 里根据上下文要成“

投入”；介构 of which is seen as the driving force 是 the issue 的后

置定， of 介构中又包含了 which 引的介从

句。

文：政府究竟是以减少技的投入来增加理科学的

投入是相反，往往取决于把哪一方看作是的力量

答案：

how well the predictions will be validated by later performance depends upon the amount, reliability, and appropriateness of the information used and on the skill and wisdom with which it is interpreted.

要点：句子的框架是how ? depends on?and on。?句子的主

由how引的主从句担任；depends on后面跟了两个

由and接的并列，在第二个中，介with + which 引的

定从句修先行 the skill and wisdom。

文：些在多大程度上后来的表所，取决于所采用

信息的数量、可靠性和适宜性，以及解些信息的技能和才智

答案：

there is no agreement whether methodology refers to the concepts peculiar to historical work in general or to the research techniques appropriate to the various branches of historical inquiry.

要点：句子的框架是 there is no agreement whether?。or主句?是there is no agreement, agreement后面跟了由 whether引的同位从

句作同位；在同位从句中，短refers to跟了两个由

or接的并列： a. the concepts peculiar to historical work in general; b. the research techniques appropriate to the various branches of

historical inquiry 。在第一个中，形容 peculiar to historical work和介

in general作后置定修 the concepts；在第二个中同有形容

appropriate ? to ? of historical inquiry作后置定修 the research

techniques。

文：所方法是指一般的史研究中的特有概念，是指史探

究中各个具体域适用的研究手段，人此意不一。

答案：

’ s econom furthermore, it is obvious that the strength of a country

directly bound up with the efficiency of its agriculture and industry , and

that this in turn rests upon the efforts of scientists and technologists of all

kinds.

要点：句子的框架是furthermore, it is obvious that ?, and。that是?

典型的句型it + is + obvious + that clause。it 是形式主，真正的主

是由and接的两个并列的主从句： a. that the strength is ?

bound with ?; b. and that this ? rests upon the。efforts第一个主?

从句中的 be bound up with是“与?有关”之意；在第二个主从

句中，代 this指代前文的 the efficiency of its agriculture and industry ，

“效率的提高”。

文：再者，而易的是一个国家的力与其工生效率

密切相关，而效率的提高又

2.【雅思句分析】 6-10

雅思阅读长难句分析： 6

What could be a key to jet lag and winter blues is the hormone melatonin, which is known to regulate body rhythms.

雅思阅读长难句分析： 7

There are now 31 million kids in the 12-to-19 age group, and demographers predict that there will be 35 million teens by 2010, a population bigger than even the baby boom at its peak.

雅思阅读长难句分析： 8

it seemed almost unbelievable but what appeared to be happening was that the fault was actually being lubricated by the injection of the fluid.

雅思阅读长难句分析： 9

it is scarcely surprising, then, that education systems have for several decades past been severely criticized, partly on the ground that education prepares people to live in an already outdated society.

雅思阅读长难句分析： 10

there are strong grounds for thinking that the health of both individuals and societies derives from what we

to put’reintoablelife, rather than

what we try to get out of it.

------------------------6-10 答案 ------------------------

答案：

what could be a key to jet lag and winter blues is the hormone melatonin, which is known to regulate body rhythms.

要点：句子的框架是 what ? is the hormone melatonin which is。what?引了一个主从句，而部分中由which引了非限制性定从

句h ormone melatonin。句中jet-lag是“ 差合症”，blues不能成“ 色”，而是“ 郁”之意。

文：能解除差合症和冬季郁症的关是荷蒙褪黑激素，人知道种激素

能人体奏。

答案：

there are now 31 million kids in the 12-to-19 age group, and demographers predict that there will be 35 million teens by 2010, a population bigger than even the baby boom at its peak.

要点：句子的框架是 there are?kids?, and demographers predict

that ?是一个并列复合句，。在第二个并列分句中， predict 后面跟了一个that引的从句；在 that从句中， a population

bigger than even the baby boom at its peak是35 million teens的同位。

文：12至 19年的孩子目前有 3100万，人口学家，到2010

年他将达到 3500万，比二后生育高峰期出生的孩子多

答案：

it seemed almost unbelievable but what appeared to be happening was that the fault was actually being lubricated by the injection of the fluid.

要点：句子的框架是 it seemed?but what?was that。句子?由but 接的两个并列分句构成： a. it seemed almost unbelievable; b. what appeared to be happening was that在第二个?分句中，what引了主

从句担任主， that引了表从句。里 injection不能成“注射”，

根据上下文要成“注入”。

文：地球内的断正在被人注入的液体所滑，几乎是以令

人相信的，但是确正在生。

答案：

it is scarcely surprising, then, that education systems have for several

decades past been severely criticized, partly on the ground that

education prepares people to live in an already outdated society.

要点：句子的框架是it is ? surprising ?that education systemhav ?

been ?criticized, ? on thethatground。?it 是形式主，真正的主

是 that引的主从句，而主从句又包含了that引的同位从

句t hat education prepares people to live in an already outdated society

作介 on the ground 中ground的同位， ground里的意思是“根据”。

文：那么教育体制在去几十年中受到的批，就不那么令人感到惊了，

批者的部分根据是，种教育培养人在一种已的社会中生存。

答案：

there are strong grounds for thinking that the health of both individuals

to put’reintoablelife, rather than

and societies derives from what we

what we try to get out of it.

要点：句子的框架是there are ?grounds for thinking that the health ?

derives from what?, rather than what。介构?for thinking中包?含了 that引的从句作分 thinking 的；而个从句中又

包含了两个并列的介从句： a. what we ’re able to put into life; b. what we try to get out of it. 两个从句由 rather than接。

文：至于个人和社会的健康可以以的理由来衡量，我生活

能付出多少而不是我能向生活取得多少。

------------------------------------------------------

3.【雅思句分析】 11-15

雅思句分析： 11

it therefore becomes more and more important that, if students are not to waste their opportunities, there will have to be much more detailed information about courses and more advice.

雅思句分析： 12

experts are debating whether we should burden young children with mental computation, or encourage the use of calculators to relieve children of hard work and free their minds to understand math concepts. 雅思句分析： 13

the announcement by Boeing that it has decided to scrap plans to build a futuristic, high-speed plane called the sonic cruiser brings an end to one

of the most imaginative –and some say quixotic–projects in recent aerospace engineering.

雅思句分析： 14

a religious sect that contends that space travelers created the human race

by cloning themselves declared Friday that the first cloned human had

been born, but it offered few details and no evidence to support the claim.

雅思句分析： 15

yet no such effect had been detected in any of the ingenious and delicate

experiments that physicists had devised: the velocity（速度） of light did

not vary.

---------------------------11-15 答案----------------------------

答案：

It therefore becomes more and more important that, if students are not

to waste their opportunities, there will have to be much more detailed

information about courses and more advice.

要点：句子的框架是 it?becomes? that, if?, there will have to。be?it是形式主，that引的主从句是句子的真正主，在that从句中，

if 引了条件状从句。

文：因此，如果要使学生充分利用他（上大学）的机会，就得

他提供大量关于程的更

尽的信息，做更多的指。个得越来越重要了。

答案：

experts are debating whether we should burden young children with

mental computation, or encourage the use of calculators to relieve

children of hard work and free their minds to understand math concepts.

要点：句子的框架是 experts are debating whether we should?, or

encourage ?。句子的主部分是 experts are debating ，而?whether ? or ?引

了从句作 are debating的。其中

burden ? with 是?“使?背上担”之意；在后半句 or encourage the use of calculators to relieve children of hard work and free their minds to

understand math concepts中，两个并列的不定式短 to relieve ? of ?和

to free ?understandto 作?目的状。另外， relieve

somebody of something指“减?”。

文：我用心算来增加孩子的担，是鼓励他使用

算器来减其繁重的学任，使他不再神去理解（抽象的）

数学概念，家此尚未达成一致。

答案：

The announcement by Boeing that it has decided to scrap plans to build a futuristic, high-speed plane called the sonic cruiser brings an end to one

of the most imaginative –and some say quixotic–projects in recent aerospace engineering.

要点：句子的框架是 the announcement ? that is has decided?brings an end to。?主the announcement后面跟了一个that引的同位从句，

在that从句中，不定式短 to build ? called the sonic cruiser作plan

的后置定，而不定式短中的去分短called the sonic cruiser作

plane的后置定；破折号之后的 and some say是插入。

文：波音公司宣布放弃修建一种名叫“音速游艇”的新潮、高速机

的划，一决定使近年来航空工程中最富想象力—有人称属空

想的划落了空。

答案：

A religious sect that contends that space travelers created the human race by cloning themselves declared Friday that the first cloned human had been born, but it offered few details and no evidence to support the claim. 要点：句子的框架是 a religious sect ? declared ? that ?, but it offered?。个句子中，由but接了两个并列分句。在前一个分句中，由 that引的定从句 that contends that?by cloning themselves修先行 a religious sect，而定从句中又包含了 that引的从句作

contends的。

文：一个宣称人是由外星人克隆而成的邪教于星期五宣布第

一个克隆人已出生，但它没有及多，也没有提供任何据。

答案：

yet no such effect had been detected in any of the ingenious and delicate experiments that physicists had devised: the velocity（速度） of light did not vary.

要点：定从句的构是的主构，翻成前置的定。

文：然而在任何物理学家所行的精巧妙的中，都没有

种影响：光速没有化。

------------------------------------------------------

4.【雅思句分析】 16-20

雅思阅读长难句分析：16

if the probe takes, say, 100 years to make a copy of itself, then the average speed at which all probes would spread throughout the galaxy （星系） would be about 1/25th the speed of light

雅思阅读长难句分析：17

but such troubles is confined mainly to the railways on which the current is picked up from a third rail rather than from overhead conductors.

雅思阅读长难句分析：18

as brighter areas of the image eject more electrons than the darker

or shaded portions, an electronic image is

produced in which varying degrees of positive charge duplicate

light intensities seen in the scene being pictured.

雅思阅读长难句分析：19

to kill weed which may sprawl rampantly among crops in the first

several years, effective weedicide is needed to

play the same role as ploughing fields does to eliminate weed.

雅思阅读长难句分析：20

at a large terminal railway station, the work of the station master is largely administrative because of the extent of the operations and the staff of which he is in command.

------------------------16-20 答案 ------------------

答案：

if the probe takes, say, 100 years to make a copy of itself, then the average speed at which all probes would spread throughout the galaxy （星系） would be about 1/25th the speed of light.

译文：如果探测体需要，比如说，100年时间来生成自己的副体，那么所有探测体传遍整个星系的平均速度大约为光速的1/25

答案：

17.but such troubles is confined mainly to the railways on which

the current is picked up from a third rail rather than from overhead conductors.

要点：在限制性定语从句中有一个固定短语rather than，我们还是把它翻译成稍复杂的带“的”的定语从句。

译文：但是，这样的问题主要局限于从第三轨而不是从高架线得到电

力的那些铁路上。

答案：

18.as brighter areas of the image eject more electrons than the darker or shaded portions, an electronic image is produced in which varying degrees of positive charge duplicate light intensities seen in the scene being pictured.

要点：在这句的定语从句中，有现在分词作前置定语，及过去分词作

后置定语，翻译成前置的定语

词组会生涩拗口。因此，将从句与主句分开翻译，单独成句。

译文：因为图像的较明亮的部分比黑暗的部分或者阴影部分发射的电

子更多，所以产生的电子图像随正电荷的变化强度，使正在描述的荧

幕上的光强度成倍增强。

答案：

to kill weed which may sprawl rampantly among crops in the first several years, effective weedicide is needed to play the same role as ploughing fields does to eliminate weed.

要点：这是一个典型的将定语从句译为前置的并列分句的例子。

译文：在最初的几年里，杂草可能在农作物之间繁茂地蔓生，为了消

灭这些杂草，需要有效的除草剂，发挥与耕地同样的消灭杂草的作用。

答案：

at a large terminal railway station, the work of the station master is largely administrative because of the extent of the operations and the staff of which he is in command.

要点：在本句的翻译中基本上看不出原句中定语从句of which he is in command的痕迹。定语从句完全融入汉语翻译中。

译文：在大的铁路终点站，站长的工作主要是行政管理的，这是由于

车站运营范围广、工作人员多。

------------------------------------------------------

5.【雅思长难句分析】 21-25

雅思阅读长难句分析： 21

attending services at the cathedral of pisa, he found himself watching a

swinging chandelier, which air currents shifted now in wide arcs, now in

small ones.

雅思阅读长难句分析： 22

although he got generally good grades and was outstanding in

mathematics, Einstein hated the academic high school he was sent to in

Munich, where success depended on memorization and obedience to

arbitrary authority.

雅思阅读长难句分析： 23

one is the visible edge of the sun, which is a gaseous“ surface”which visible light photons （光子） freely emerge.

雅思阅读长难句分析： 24

rockets perform best in space, where there is no atmosphere to impede

their motion

雅思阅读长难句分析： 25

congress, which had met to continue its protests to the crown, found itself

raising an army and selecting George washington as its commander in

chief.

------------------------------21-25 答案 -------------------

答案：

attending services at the cathedral of pisa, he found himself watching a

swinging chandelier, which air currents shifted now in wide arcs, now in

small ones.

要点：定语从句被翻译为后置的并列分句，用人称代词“它”代替先行

词“吊架灯”。

译文：一次在比萨大教堂做礼拜时，他发现自己正看着一个吊灯架，

它随着气流时而划一个大弧，时而划一个小弧。

答案：

although he got generally good grades and was outstanding in

mathematics, einstein hated the academic high school he was sent to in

munich, where success depended on memorization and obedience to

arbitrary authority.

译文：虽然爱因斯坦门门功课都很优异，数学尤为突出，但他很讨厌

上这所慕尼黑的中学。在这所学校里成功取决于死机硬背和对专职权

威的服从。

答案：

one is the visible edge of the sun, which is a gaseous“ surface”which visible light photons （光子） freely emerge.

要点：本句在非限制性定语从句里又包含一个限制性定语从句，为了

符合汉语表达习惯，我们将两个定语从句都译为后置的并列分句。

译文：一个例子就是太阳的边缘，这是一个气状的表面，可见光的光

子从中源源涌出。

答案：

rockets perform best in space, where there is no atmosphere to impede their motion.

要点：在语义上，定语从句与主句的关系为因果关系，因此我们将定

语从句译为原因状语从句。

译文：火箭在太空中运行最佳，因为在那儿不存在阻碍他们运动的大

气。

答案：

congress, which had met to continue its protests to the crown, found itself raising an army and selecting George Washington as its commander in chief.

要点：定语从句与先行词融合起来，翻译成时间状语从句。

译文：代表大会先前已集会决定继续向英皇提抗议，而现在则发展到

招募兵员并推选乔治 ? 华盛顿为总司令了。

------------------------------------------------------

6.【雅思长难句分析】 26-30

雅思阅读长难句分析： 26

this food supply will not increase nearly enough to match this, which means that we are heading into a crisis in the matter of producting and marketing food.

雅思阅读长难句分析： 27

other issues that concern the body politic, such as crime, poverty, and

welfare, are not easily linked to public support of scientific research, save at the educational level.

雅思阅读长难句分析： 28

in the greek heritage of the west, myth has always been in tension with reason, which signified the rational and analytic mode of arriving at a true account of reality.

雅思阅读长难句分析： 29

medicine, like all branches of science, needs scholars who are able to develop appropriate "rule of evidence" and then apply those rules to the continuously flowing stream of new data to determine what is relevant. 雅思阅读长难句分析： 30

behaviorists suggest that the child who is raised in an envioronment where there are many stimuli which develop his or her capacity for appropriate responses will experience greater intellectual development. -----------------------------26-30--------------

答案：

this food supply will not increase nearly enough to match this, which means that we are heading into a crisis in the matter of producting and marketing food.

要点：句子的框架是 the food supply will not increase... to match this, which means that we are heading into a crisis ...。关系代词 which 引导非限制性定语从句。其先行词是前面一整句。翻译时译成另一个分句。

在这个从句中又包含了一个由that引导的名词从句作 means的宾语。指示代词 this在这儿指代上文的人口增长。

译文：食品供应的增加将赶不上人口的增长，这就意味着我们在粮食

的生产和购销方面正陷入危机

。

答案：

other issues that concern the body politic, such as crime, poverty, and welfare, are not easily linked to public support of scientific research, save at the educational level.

要点：句子的框架是 other issues that concern ...，are not easily linked to...，save at...。这是一个含有 that引导的定语从句的长主句，other issues是主语，也是先行词。 such as引导并列成分。谓语是 are not easily linked to public support of scientific research。save在这个句子中相当于“except，”意为“除了。。。”body politic可译为“国家”。译文：除了在教育层次上，其他一些与国家息息相关的问题，如犯罪、贫穷和福利都难以与公共支持的科研相提并论。

答案：

in the greek heritage of the west, myth has always been in tension with reason, which signified the rational and analytic mode of arriving at a true account of reality.

要点：句子的框架是 in the greek heritage..., myth has always been...,

which signified... 。关系代 which引非限制性定从句，修 reason。

在个句子中， which引的非限制性定从句兼有状从句的功

能，翻可作原因状从句翻。reason在此句中不“原因、

理由”，“理性”。

文：在西方希腊中，神与理性始于冲突状，因

理性意味着行合情合理、符合的分析和描述

答案：

medicine, like all branches of science, needs scholars who are able to develop appropriate "rule of evidence" and then apply those rules to the continuously flowing stream of new data to determine what is relevant.

要点：句子的框架是 medicine, like all..., needs scholars who are able to...。like all branches of science是插入。关系代 who引定修

scholars。在个从句中包含一个名从句—what is relevant作determine的。 flowing stream of new data在此“新数据流”。apply...to在此句中“把??用于??”。

文：正像所有的科学分支一，医学也需要学者，他既能开

适当的“ ”，又能把那些用到不断化的新数据流中

去，而确定哪些信息是相关的。

答案：

behaviorists suggest that the child who is raised in an envioronment where there are many stimuli which develop his or her capacity for appropriate responses will experience greater intellectual development.

句搞定雅思阅读长难句练习版

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